学术综合英语翻译

1、Throughlanguagewecanshareexperiences,formulatevalues,exchangeideas,transmitknowledge,andsustainculture.2、Metaphorisanimplicitcomparisonbetweenthingsthataredifferentyethavesomethingincommon.3、Infacer,theskillfuluseofsupportingmaterialsoftenmakesthedifferencebetweenagoodspeechandapoorone.4、Tobemoreeffective,though,theexamplesyouciteforyourspeechshouldbevividandrichlytextured.5、Extendedexamples-oftencalledillustrations,narratives,oranecdotes-arelongerandmoredetailed.6、Hypotheticalexamplesdescribeimaginarysituationsandcanbequiteeffectiveforrelatingideastotheaudience.7、Statisticscanbeextremelyhelpfulinconveyingyourmessage,aslongasyouusethemsparinglyandexplainthemsotheyaremeaningfultoyouraudience.8、Citingtheviewsofpeoplewhoareexpertsisagoodtomakeyourideasmorecredible.9、Wordsarethetoolsofaspeaker’scraft.Theyhavespecialuses,justlikethetoolsofanyotherprofession.10、Therearefourbasicmethodsofdeliveringaspeech:readingverbatimfromamanuscript,recitingamemorizedtext,speakingwithPowerPoint,andspeakingextemporaneouslyorimpromptu.1、Thecostsofenergy–includingnotonlythemoneyandotherresourcesdevotedtoobtainingandexploitingitbutalsoenvironmentalandsociopoliticalimpacts—detractfromhumanwell-being.2、Inadequacyofenergyresourcesor(moreoften)ofthetechnologiesandorganizationsforharvesting,converting,anddistributingthoseresourceshasmeantinsufficientenergybenefitsandhenceinconvenience,deprivationandconstraintsongrowth.3、Onekeydeterminantoftheansweroftheansweristhestaggeringscaleofenergydemandbroughtforthby100yearsofunprecedentedpopulationgrowth,coupledwithanequallyremarkablegrowthinpercapitademandofindustrialenergyforms.4、Buttheyallrequireelaborateandexpensivetransformationintoelectricityorliquidfuelsinordertomeetsociety’sneeds.5、Inthecaseofairpollutionfromfossilfuels,inwhichthedominantthreattopublichealthisthoughttobeparticulatesformedfromsulfurdioxideemissions,aconsensusonthenumberofdeathscausedbyexposurehasprovedimpossible.6、Forbothresources,theverysizeoftheuncertaintyisitselfasignificantliability.7、Nevertheless,enoughisknowntosuggesttheyportendevenlargerdamagetohumanwell-being.8、Energysupply,bothindustrialandtraditional,isresponsibleforastrikingshareoftheenvironmentalimpactsofhumanactivity.9、Ofallenvironmentalproblems,themostthreatening,andinmanyrespectsthemostintractable,isglobalclimatechange.10、Theonlyotherexternalcostthatmightmatchthedevastatingimpactofglobalclimatechangeistheriskofcausingoraggravatinglarge—scalemilitaryconflict.1、He’sthelastguyyouwanttoseeinyourrear-viewmirrorwhenyou’respeedingdownthehighway.2、Thebottomline,accordingtotheresearchpublishintheJune28issueofTheLancet,isthattrafficsavelives.3、Their1998studycausedastirwhentheylinkedcellphoneusagetotrafficaccidents.4、Thefulldrivingrecordofeverylicenseddrivertherewasmadeavailabletothem,wartsandall,givingtheresearchersahugedatabaseofmorethan10millionlicenseddrivers.5、“Whatwefoundwasthattherewerefewerticketsinthemonthbeforeafatalaccidentthantherewereayearbefore,andthatsuggeststhere’saprotectiveeffectofhavingaticket.6、Theyalsofoundthatthe“relativeriskreductionassociatedwithtrafficconvictionswasremarkablyconsistentamongsubgroupsoflicenseddrivers,”…7、Theresearchersalsoaddressedthecommonlyheldbeliefthattrafficcitationcausemoreaccidentsthantheypreventbecausesomanypeoplearekilledduringpolicechase.8、ThestatisticsdonotincludeOntariodriverswhomayhavebeeninvolvedinfatalaccidentsomewhereoutsidethatprovince.9、Butthestatisticssuggestacorrelationbetweenthenumberofcitationsandthenumberoffatalities.10、Mostcrashesareunintended,unexpected,andcouldhavebeenpreventedbyasmalldifferenceindriverbehavior.1、Thelabelingof“women’slanguage”as“powerlesslanguage”reflectstheviewofwomen’sbehaviorthroughthelensofmen’s.2、Thisambiguityaccountsformuchmisinterpretationbyexpertsaswellasnonexperts,bywhichwomen’swaysofthinking,utteredinaspiritofrapport,arebrandedpowerless.3、Nowhereisthisinherentambiguityclearerthaninabriefcommentinanewspaperarticle.4、Whetherwomenormenaredirectorindirectdiffers;whatremainsisthatthewomen’sstyleisnegativelyvaluated—seenaslowerinstatusthanthemen’s.5、Thewoman’sstyleiscalled“covert,”atermsuggestingnegativequalitieslikebeing“sneaky”and“underhanded.”6、Theexplanationforawoman’sindirectnesscouldjustaswellbeherseekingconnection.7、You’reneitherone-upnorone-downbybeinghappilyconnectedtootherswhosewantsarethesameasyour.8、Callinganindirectcommunicationcovertreflectstheviewofsomeoneforwhomthedirectstyleseems“natural”and“logical”—aviewmorecommonamongmen.9、ThemutualindirectnessinaJapaneselunchinvitationmaystrikeAmericansasexcessive.10、OnlymodernWesternsocietiesplaceapriority