2023年职称英语考试理工类C级真题试卷及参考答案

第一部分：词汇选项(第１～15题,每题1分,共15分)下面每个句子中均有１个词或者短语有括号,请为每处括号部分拟定１个意义最为接近的选项。1、Thesｔｏｒｍcａuseｄｓevｅredａmagｅ.A.phｙｓicalＢ.accidentａlC．ｓerioｕsD．envｉrｏnmeｎtａl【答案】：C２、MａnyfｏrｍsofcancercanｂeｃuredｉfｄｅｔectｅｄeaｒlｙA.seｌectedB．operatｅｄＣ．devｅlopedD.discoverｅｄ【答案】:Ｄ3、ThesｔorywaspuｂlｉshedwiｔｈtｈeｓoｌepurｐoseofsｅｌｌｉｎgｎewｓpapｅrsA．rｅaｌＢ．mａinC．onlｙD．ｐracticａl【答案】：C4、AlarｇｅcrｏwdassembledｏutsiｄetheAmｅｒｉｃａｎembassyA．ｇaｔheredＢ.wａｔｃｈedC．shouｔｅdD．walｋeｄ【答案】:A5、HekeptiｎcｏnstanｔcoｎtactwitｈhisfaｍilｙwhｉｌehｅwａsinAustraliaA．graｄualB.ｒegｕlarＣ．direｓｔＤ.ｏｃcaｓｉoｎaｌ【答案】：B6、ＯnｔheｔａbleｗasａvasefilledwithａrtifiｃiａlｆｌoweｒｓA.wilｄＢ．freshC.loｖeｌyＤ.fａlse【答案】：D7、WehａｄｔroublefindiｎgａpｕrewatｅrｓupplyA.ｔypｉcalB.coｍｐｌeｔｅC.cｌeaｎD．clear【答案】:C8、“Whatｄoyoumeanbytｈａt”PａuｌaskedsharplyA.criticallyB．ｈelplesｓｙC．politｅlyD．qｕicｋｌy【答案】:A9、SheonlyｎeeｄsaminuteamｏｕntofmoｎeyA．cerｔainB．ｆairＣ.fullD.ｓｍａｌl【答案】：Ｄ１0、KｅｅpyourpasspｏrｔinasｅｃuｒepｌaｃeA．spｅcialB.goｏｄC.safｅD.dｉｆfeｒｅnｔ【答案】:C1１、ＨeinspiredｍanｙyoungpeｏｐletoｔakeupｔheｓportＡ.encouragedB.aｌloｗedC.calｌｅdD．ａｄvised【答案】:A１2、Dｉｄsｈｅａccｅpthisｒeseａrｃhprｏpoｓaｌ?Ａ.inｖiｔａtiｏnB．pｌanC．ｏfｆeｒD.vieｗ【答案】:Ｂ13、TｈecｉtycｅntrｅｗaswipedoutｂytｈebｏmbA.coｖereｄB.deｓｔroyeｄC.reｄuｃedＤ.moｖｅd【答案】:B１4、I’dliｋetｏwｉthdｒaw5００ｆｒommycuｒrentａccountA.leaveB.pａyC.puｔＤ．draw【答案】:D15、ThecｏntemｐtｈeｆｅlｔforhisｆellowstudeｎtswasobviouｓA．hateB.needC.ｌoveD.pity【答案】：D第二部分：阅读判断（第１６~22题，每题１分,共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;假如该句提供的是对的信息,请选择A;假如该句提供的是错误信息,请选择Ｂ;假如该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。EasｔernQuａkesCaｎTriｇgerBigSｈａｋesInthefirstweekｏfNoveｍber２023,peopleｉｎcentｒalＯklahomaexperieｎｃedｍoｒｅｔhanｔwｏdozｅneａrｔhｑuakes.Theｌargest,ａmａgnitude5.6ｑuａkｅ，sｈooｋthｏusanｄsｏffansinaｃoｌlｅgeｆootbａｌlstａdium,ｃａｕｓｅdｃｒａcksinafｅwｂuiｌdiｎgsaｎdrａttｌｅdtheｎervｅsｏfmａnｙｐeopｌｅwhohａdneverfeltaquａkebefore.Oｋlahｏmaisnotａｎａreａofｔｈeｃoｕntrｙfamｏusforiｔsquakes．ＩfyoｕwatchthenewsonTＶ,yｏuseeｒeｐｏrtsaboutallsortsｏfnaｔｕｒaldiｓasters—huｒriｃａｎes,ｔoｒｎａdoes,ｆloodingandwilｄfiｒes,ｔonamｅafeｗ.Butthemostdanｇerｏustypeofｎatuｒａｌｄisａsｔer,anｄalsotｈemoｓtunpｒedｉｃtaｂｌｅ,ｉsｔheeaｒthquａkｅ.ResｅarchersattheU.Ｓ.ＧeｏlogicaｌSuｒveyesｔimａｔｅthaｔseveralmilｌionｅaｒthquakesrattletheｇloｂeeachyｅａr.Tｈatｍaｙsouｎdscary,butpeopｌedｏn’ｔfｅelｍａｎｙoftheｔrｅmorsbecａusetｈeyhappｅninremoｔｅａnｄuｎｐopｕlatedｒｅｇｉons．Manｙqｕakeshaｐpｅｎｕnｄerｔhｅocｅaｎ,anｄotherｓhavｅａveryｓmalｌmagnｉtude,orshakingiｎtensiｔy.Aｍａgnitudｅ5.8eａｒthqｕakethａtstruｃkcentraｌＶｉrginiaｔｈｅafｔerｎoonofＡｕgust２3,20２３,ｗasfeltfrｏmｃeｎtraｌGｅorgiatosoutheasternCａｎaｄa．Ｉｎｍanyｕｒbanaｒeas,iｎcludingWａshingtｏｎ,D.C.，andNewＹｏrkCiｔｙ（WalｌＳｔreetshoｗn）,peoｐlｅcrｏwdedthesｔreｅtｓwhiｌeenginｅerｓinspecｔedｂuｉｌdｉngs.Credit:Ｗikimｅdia/AlｅxTabａkScienｔｉｓtｓkｎｏwａｂoutsmａlｌ,reｍoteｑuａkesｏnlybecausｅofｖeｒｙseｎsitiveｅleｃtroｎicdeｖｉcｅscａｌｌeｄｓｅｉsｍomeｔｅrs.Thｅsｅｄevｉcｅsdeｔeｃtanｄmｅasuｒetｈesizeofgrouｎｄvｉｂrationsproducｅdbyearthｑuakｅs.Altogether,USGSrｅseａrcｈersuseseismometeｒｓtｏidｅntifyａndlocateａｂout20,0０0ｅarthquakeｓｅaｃｈyeaｒ.Alｔhoughｅarthquaｋescaｎhａppenanywhｅreｉnthewoｒld,reallybigquaｋesoccuroｎlyincertainａreas.Thｅｌargｅstonｅsｒeｇisｔeramagｎitude8orhigherandhappeｎ,ｏnａverａge,onlyｏnｃeeａchyeaｒ.ＳuｃhbigonestypicａllyocｃurａlonｇtheeｄgeｓofEarｔh’stecｔoｎｉcｐlates．ＴｅcｔｏｎｉcplａｔesaｒehｕgｅpｉecesofEａrth’scruｓt，sometｉｍesmanykiｌｏmｅtｅｒsthiｃk.Theseplatesｃｏveroｕrplanet’sｓurfａcｅlikeajigsawpuｚｚｌe.Often,jaggedｅdgesｏfｔｈeseplaｔesｔempoｒarilｙlocｋｔoｇethｅr.Wｈｅｎｐlａtesjoｓtleａｎdscｒapepaｓteachｏtheｒeaｒｔｈquａkesｏｃｃuｒ.Oｎaverage,tectoｎicｐlatesmoveveｒｙslowｌｙ—aｂouttｈeｓaｍeｓpeedａｓyｏuｒfingeｒnaｉlsgroｗ.Butsomｅtimｅsearｔhquakesｒuｍbｌethroｕghpｏrtｉｏnsoｆthelａndｓcａpｅｆarfromａplａｔe’seｄgeｓ.Alｔhoｕgｈｌesｓexｐｅcted，thｅｓｅ“mｉd-plate”tｒｅmorscandoｓubｓtantｉａlｄaｍage．SomeofthebigｇestknｏwnexamplesrattlｅｄtheeasternｈalfoftheＵｎｉtedStaｔestｗocentuｒiｅsａｇo．Ｔｏday,scｉentistｓarestiｌｌpuzzｌｉngoverwhythequakesoccｕrredａndｗheｎsimilａronｅsｍｉghｔｏccur.16.Oklahoｍaisanaｒeaofteｎexｐerienｃingnaｔｕｒａlｄisaｓters.Ａ.ＲｉghtB.WrongＣ.Noｔmｅnｔiｏneｄ【答案】:B1７.Tｈeｅarthｑuakｅｉsthｅmｏsｔunpｒedｉctabｌｅnaturalｄｉsasｔeｒ．Ａ.RiｇｈtＢ.WrｏngC.Nｏtｍentiｏneｄ【答案】:Ｃ18.Feweartｈquakesｈappｅnｗithouｔpeｏple'ｓａwareｎess.Ａ.ＲiｇhtB.WｒongC.Nｏｔｍenｔionｅd【答案】：B19．SeismometeｒscanidentiｆyaｎdｌoｃatemoｓtoｆtheearthｑuakesiｎＣhina.A.RighｔＢ．WronｇＣ.Notmenｔioｎed【答案】：Ｃ20.Bigｅarthｑuakesofaｍａgnituｄe8０rhigheｒｓelｄomhaｐpenfａrｆｒomthｅeｄgesofｔｅcｔonｉcplａtes.Ａ.RiｇｈtB.ＷrｏnｇC.Notｍentionｅｄ【答案】：A21.Whｅnevｅrｔectonｉcｐlａtesmove,earthquakeshａｐpen.Ａ.ＲighｔB.ＷrongC.Ｎoｔｍｅnｔionｅd【答案】：Ｂ22．ThｅeaｒthquakethatｈｉttheeasternhalfoftheUnitedStatestｗocｅｎturiesagoistheｂｉｇgｅst"mid－ｐlａtｅ＂oneinｈｉstoｒy.A.RiｇhtB.WronｇC.Nｏtｍeｎtｉoned【答案】：C第三部分:概括大意和完毕句子（第23~３０题,每题１分,共８分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（１)第2３~２６题规定从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2)第27～３０题规定从所给的6个选项中为每个句子拟定一个最佳选项。ＬeaｒnaboutLight1Anｃientcｉvilizａｔiｏnｓweｒeamａzedbytｈeexisｔencｅｏflightfortｈoｕｓanｄsofyears.ＴheGreekphiloｓophersbeｌieveｄthatliｇhtwasmadeupofｃountless,tinypａrｔicleｓtｈaｔenterthehumaｎeｙeandcreatｅwhaｔwecａllvisｉon.Hｏwevｅr,EmpｅdocｌesandaDutｃhsｃiｅｎｔistnａmedChrisｔiaｎＨuyｇensbeliｅｖedthatliｇｈｔwaslｉkeawavｅ.Ａｃｃｏrｄiｎgｔotｈeｍ，lightｓpｒeadｏutａndtｒavｅlledｌikeastraigｈtｌｉｎe.Tｈｉsｔheorｙwaｓaｃcepteｄduringtｈe1９thｃenｔurｙ.２ln１905,AlｂｅrtＥinsteinｐuｂｌisｈedaresearｃｈpaｐｅｒinwhichｈeeｘplainedｗｈａｔisreferredtｏastｈephotoelectricｅｆfect.Thistheoryeｘplａｉnsthａtparticｌeｓｍakeuｐlight.ＴhｅｐａrｔiｃｌesEiｎsteinwasｒｅferringｔoａreweｉgｈｔlｅｓｓbuｎｄles(束）ofeleｃtromagnｅtic(电磁)energyｃallｅdｐｈｏtoｎs（光子）.Ｔoｄａy,sｃientiｓtsagｒｅｅthatｌigｈtｈaｓadual(二重）nａｔｕｒe—ｉtｉsｐartpartｉｃlｅａndpaｒtwave.Itisａforｍofｅnergythａｔaｌlｏwsuｓｔoseeｔhingｓarｏunｄus．3Thingsthatgiveｏｆflightaｒeknownassouｒcesofligｈt．Dｕringtheｄaｙ,theprimarｙｓourceoflighｔｉsthesun.Othersｏurcesofliｇhtｉｎcludestars，flames,flashlｉgｈｔｓ,stｒeetlampsandgloｗiｎggaｓｅｓinｇｌaｓｓtube.4Wｈeｎwedrａwthｅwaｙlｉgｈｔtraｖelsweａlwaysusｅstraｉｇhtlines．Ｔhｉsｉsbecausenormallyｌighｔraystraveｌinastraightｌine．Howeｖeｒ,theｒｅaresomｅinstａncestｈaｔｃaｎchａｎgethepａthandeventｈｅnatｕrｅofｌｉｇhｔ.Tｈeyaｒerｅｆｌｅctioｎ，absorptioｎ,ｉnterfｅrence（干扰),etc．5Physｉcistｓhaveaｔteｍptedtｏmeasuｒethespeeｄｏｆlightｓiｎceｔheearｌytimes.Ｉn184９,HippolｙｔｅFizeaucondｕcｔedａnｅｘpeｒimentｂydirectinｇabeamoｆｌigｈtｔoａmirｒorlocateｄｋiloｍetｅrsａｗａyanｄplaｃeｄarotatingcogwhｅel(旋转齿轮）bｅtweenｔｈebｅaｍanｄtｈeｍiｒror.Fromｔheｒａteｏfrotationｏftｈewheｅl，ｎumberｏfwｈｅel’stｅｅthaｎddｉsｔａｎｃｅoftheｍｉrror,hewasablｅtocaｌculａtethatｔｈespｅｅdofｌigｈｔｉｓ３１3milliｏnmeｔｅrsperseconｄ.Iｎａvacｕum（真空），hｏｗevｅr,tｈeｓpeedoflｉgｈｔｉs299,792,4５8meterspersｅcoｎｄ.Ｔhisｉsａｂｏutａmｉlｌionｔimesfaｓterthantheｓpeedofａnairｐlaｎe.23.Paｒagraph2___A___24.Pａragｒaｐh３＿__B__＿25.Parａgrａph4_＿_D__＿２6.Ｐaragrａｐｈ5___C___Ａ．Ｈowiｓtｈenatureofｌiｇｈtｅxｐlainｅdｔoday？B．Ｗhaｔaｒesｏurcesｏflｉgｈt？Ｃ.Howｄiｄphｙsｉｃｉstsmeａsurethespeedofligｈｔ?D.Ｈｏｗｄoeｓligｈttrａveｌ?E．Howdｉdpｅｏplｅthｉnｋoｆlightyeaｒsago?F.Ｗhaｔｃauｓeｓasｈadow?2７.Ｏbjecｔsarevisiｂleｔothｅｈuｍaｎｅyeaｓlightis__D__＿_28.Ｓtars,ｆlaｍes,flaｓhlｉｇｈtsａreｓomeｅxamplｅsoｆ___A_＿＿2９．Somｅiｎstancｅssuｃｈasreflectioｎandａbsｏrptiｏncanchanｇe___C___３０.ＨiｐpｏlyｔｅFｉｚｅaｕcｏndｕctedaneｘperiｍenttｏmeasurｅ___E＿＿_Ａ.sｏuｒcesoｆlｉｇhtB.thｅsｐeedoｆｌighｔC.theｐathofligｈtD.asｔraｉgｈｔlｉneＥ.ａbeamoflightF.aformoｆeｎｅrgy第四部分:阅读理解（第3１~４5题，每题3分,共45分)下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容,为每题拟定1个最佳选项。第一篇Grａｐhene'sSupｅｒｓtrengthBigtｅchnolｏgycoｍesinｔｉnｙｐackages．Ｎewｃellｐhｏｎesaｎdpｅrsｏnaｌｃompuｔｅｒｓgetsmaｌｌereveryyear,whicｈmeansｔheseelectｒoniｃｓrequireeｖenｓmaｌlerｃomｐoneｎtｓｏntheｉnside.Ｅngiｎeersarelookinｇforcｒeativｅwａｙｓtobｕildｔheseｃｏmｐonents,andthey'ｖｅｔurneｄtｈeireyｅstoｇrａｐheｎe，asupｅrthinｍateriaｌ,madeｏｆｃａrｂｏｎ，thatｃouldchangetｈefｕtｕreofｅlectronics．Thisyeaｒ＇sNobelＰｒｉｚeforPhｙsｉcｓhasbeenawａｒdedｔoAndrｅＧeimanｄKoｓtyａＮｏｖosｅlovfromtheUniversityofＭaｎchestｅr,UK.fｏｒｔhedisｃovｅryoｆｇｒaｐhene.Graphenｅｉsn'ｔｊustsmall,it＇s"thethｉｎnｅstpossiblematｅｒialinthisworld．"saysNovosｅlov.Hecallsiｔa"wondermaterial.＂Ｉt＇ssｏthiｎthaｔｙouwouldｎeedtｏstackabout25,00０sｈｅetsjusttoｍａkeapｉlｅastｈickａsapieceｏｆorｄｉnarｙwhiteｐaper.Ｉfyouweretｏｈoldaｓｈeetofgrａｐheneinyouｒfingers,you＇dｈavenｏｉdeaｂecａｕｓeyouwouldn＇tbeａblｅtｏｓeeｉt.Ｃarbonisoneoｆtｈemosｔabｕnｄantelｅmｅntsｉｎtheunｉverｓe.Eｖeｒｙknownkinｄoflifecontａinscarbon．Grapheｎeisaｓheetofcarbon,butonlyoneatomtｈicｋ.Ｙouｄon'tｈａvetoloｏkfａrtoｆiｎdgraphene—iｔ'sallarouｎｄyｏu．Iｆyouｗａnttｈishｉgh-techwｏndｅrsｔuff,allyouneedisａｐenｃｉl,ｐaｐerａｎdalｉtｔlｅadｈｅsiｖetape.Ｕsetheｐeｎciltoｓｈadeasｍaｌlareａontheｐaper，anｄｔhenａpｐlyａsmａllｐiecｅoｆaｄheｓｉvetapeovertｈｅａreａ．Ｗｈenyoupulｌｕptheｔape,you＇11ｓeｅthａtitpullsｕpathinlayerofsoｍeｏfｔheshadingｆroｍyoｕrpeｎciｌ.Thatｌayｅriscａllｅdｇrapｈｉte,oneofｔｈｅsofteｓtminｅrａlsiｎthewｏｒｌd．Ｎowstｉcｋｔhesaｍepieceｏfｔａpeonanotｈersheetofｐaperａｎdｐｕllthetapｅuｐ－--thereshouldbeａneｖｅnthｉｎnerｌayｅr,tｈistimeleftoｎthepaper．Nowiｍaｇｉneｔｈatyouｄothiｓｏverａndover，ｕntｉlyougｅｔtheｔhinｎesｔpoｓsｉｂlelayeroｆmａtｅrialonｔhｅpaper.Thｉslａyerｗouｌdｂeonlｙonｅａtomthicｋ,ａｎdyouwｏulｄｎ'tbeabletoseeiｔ．Ｇraphiｔeismadeofｌaｙersofgrapheｎe.Ｓowhenyｏugeｔtｏthethiｎｎeｓtpossibｌelａyer，you＇vefｏｕnｄgrapｈｅｎｅ．31.Whatwoｕldchangethefutureofelectronicｓａｃcoｒdingtoeｎgｉneeｒs？A.Perｓｏnalcoｍpuｔeｒ．B．Bigｔｅchnolｏgy．C.Gｒaphenｅ.Ｄ．Crｅａｔiｖｅｗａys.【答案】:C32.Whichｏftｈｅｆollｏwinｇstateｍｅntsabｏｕｔgrａｐｈeｎeistｒue?Ａ.Ｉtisｖisiblｅtｏthehuｍａneye.B.Itiｓpossiblythetｈiｎnestmaｔerｉaｌinｔhｅworｌｄ．C.Ｉtcanbeusedtomaｋepapeｒ.D．Fｉndｉngitdemaｎdsｔimeａndmonｅy.【答案】:B33．Ｔhｅword“apｐly”inｐaｒａgraph4couｌｄbeusedｔｏreplａcedby?A．pusｈ.B．fｉnd.C.colleｃt．D．ｐut.【答案】:D3４.Whａtｄoestｈeｗriｔertellｉｎｔｈｅｌasttｗoｐａrａgraph?A.Ａnｅasywａytofindgrａphｅｎe.B．Ｓｉgnifiｃanceofthediｓｃｏvｅryofｇrａｐｈeｎｅ.C.Ｄeｖｅlｏpmentofhigh-tｅchwonderｓ.D.Possｉbｌeapｐｌicaｔionｓofｇｒaphｅne．【答案】：Ａ3５.Graphｅne＇ｓｓｕｐerstｒengthliesintｈefａｃtｔｈaｔ.Ａ.Itisthethｉｎｎestmａtｅriaｌintｈeｗｏｒld.Ｂ．Ｉtｉsmadeｏftheｍostabｕndanteｌeｍｅntsｉｎthewoｒlｄ．C.Ｉtcaｎhｅlptｏmaｋeelectroｎｉｃcomponentｓsｍalｌer．D.Ｉthｅｌpsengiｎeeｒstoproｄucemoresensitiveelecｔronicｐroducts.【答案】:C第二篇ＰuertoRiｃanCuisｉｎe（菜肴)PuertoRiｃo,aCａribbeaｎ(加勒比海区)isｌandriｃhｉnhistｏrｙａndｒemarkablenａtuｒalｂeautｙ,ｈaｓacｕiｓineａllitsown．Iｍｍigratiｏｎ(移民)toｔｈeislandhaｓheｌpeｄｔosｈａpeitscuiｓinｅ,wｉthpeoplefｒoｍallovｅrｔheworlｄmaｋingvariouscｏntribuｔiｏnsｔoit.Hoｗeｖer,ｂeforetｈearｒivａlｏfｔhｅseimｍigrants,ｔｈｅＴａiｎopeopleliｖｅdontｈeｉslandoｆPｕerｔoＲｉｃo.Taｉnocuisiｎｅiｎcludedsucｈfoodsasroｄｅnts(啮齿动物),freshsheｌlｆisｈandｆishfrｉediｎｃornoil.ＭanyａspeｃtsoｆＴainｏｃuiｓｉnecoｎtinｕeｔｏdａyiｎPｕｅrtｏＲｉｃanｃookiｎg，buｔithaｓbeeｎheavilｙinfｌuｅncedbytheSpanish,whoinvadedＰuertｏＲｉcoｉn1508，aｎdAfricａｎs,ｗｈowｅｒｅiｎiｔiａllyｂrｏｕghtｔｏＰuｅｒtｏRicoｔoworkasslａveｓ.TainocoｏkingsｔyｌesweremixedwｉthiｄeａsbrougｈtbytheSpanisｈandAfｒiｃanｓtocｒeateneｗdiｓhes.TheSpａnishｅxtｅndedｆoｏdchｏicesbybｒingiｎgcａttle,pigs,goatｓ,andｓhｅeptotｈeisｌanｄ.Aｆrｉｃａnsａlsoaｄｄeｄtｏｔheｉsland'sｆｏodcuｌｔｕrｅbyintroduｃingpowｅrful,contｒaｓtｉｎｇｔastｅsinｄishｅｓ．Iｎｆａct,ｍuchｏfthefoodＰuertｏＲiｃoiｓnｏwfａmoｕｓfor-coffee,cocｏnutｓ,andoｒａｎｇeｓ-wasａctｕallyｉmportedbyfoｒeigｎersｔoｔheislaｎd.AcommoｎassuｍpｔｉonmanypeｏpｌemａkｅａbouｔＰuertoRicanfｏｏdｉｓthatitisvｅrｙspicy（辛辣的).lt'ｓtｒuｅthａtcｈiｌipeppeｒsareｐopulａr;aijcabａlleｒoinparｔｉcｕｌarisaverｙhｏｔchiliｐeppｅｒｔhatＰueｒtoRicansｅnjoy.However,milder(微辣的)tasｔesａreｐopulartｏo,sucｈａsｓｏｆｒito.ＡsthｅｂａseｏfmaｎyPueｒtoRicandiｓhｅｓ,soｆritｏｉsaｓaｕcｅmａｄｅfｒoｍｃｈopｐedｏnｉons,ｇreｅｎbeｌlｐeｐpers,sｗｅetｃhｉｌipeｐpers,aｎｄahandfuloｆotｈｅrsｐｉｃｅs．Itisfrｉedinoilaｎdthenａdｄeｄtoｏtｈeｒdishes.36、wholivedinＰueｒtoRｉcoｆｉrｓtA．thｅＡfricansB．theSpaｎishC.theAmｅricaｎｓＤ．tｈｅTaiｎｏpeople【答案】：Ｄ37、Iｎｔｈefｉrstparaｇraphtheｗord“it”referｓtoＡ.immigｒatioｎB．CarｉbｂeaｎhiｓtoryC．theisland’sｎatuｒalbeautｙD．PｕｅｒtoRiｃａnｃuisｉnｅ【答案】:D３8、wｈaｔｉｓｔhemainidｅaoftheｓｅcｏndｐaragraph?A.ＴａinｏdishesareiｍｐoｒｔanｔiｎPｕertｏRicaｎcoｏkingB.Foodimporｔedbyforeｉgnｅrsisｎ’treallyＰuｅrtoＲicaｎＣ．PｕｅｒtoRicａnｃoｏkinghaｓmanｙoutsideinfｌueｎｃｅsD.Africａｎfｏｏｄｓhaveｐrｏbaｂlｙｈadthemostｉnｆluence【答案】：C39、Howiｓsofritoｕsｅd？A．ItiseatenbeforeｍealsB.ＩtiｓaddedtoｏtｈeｒｄishesC．ＩtｉｓuｓｅdwherｅfｏoｄsａrｅtoosｐicyD.Ｉｔisｅatenaｓamainｄish【答案】:B40、wｈichofthefoｌloｗiｎgiｓNOTtrｕe?A.ｓoｆtitoiｓatypeofｅxtrｅｍelyspiｃyｆoｏdB.ManypeｏplethinkPｕｅrtoＲicanfｏoｄｉssｐicyＣ.PuerｔｏＲicancｕisineuｓeｓaｌotoｆｃhilipｅpperｓD.Aiｊcabａlｌeroisatypeofchilepeppeｒ【答案】：A第三篇ArchｉveＧallery:ＴheBｅstofBionics（仿生学)Humａnsmiｇhtbｅtｈｅmosｔhigｈｌｙ-evolvedsｐeｃieｓｏｎtｈeｐlanet,buｔmostanimalspossｅssskilｌｓwecａｎonlｙdｒeaｍofhaving．Imaｇinｅhowmucｈeｌeｃtｒiｃityｗecouldsaveifｗecouldｓeｅinｔhedarkｔhewaycａtsdo．Imagineleapｉnｇfｒomtreetotｒｅｅｌikeamｏnkｅy.Girａffeｓ(长颈鹿）,whiｃｈareotheｒｗiseｃａlmaｎdgood－natuｒｅd,slｅepｏｎｌｙ4.6hｏursａdaｙ．Wereａlｉzedalｏｎg,lonｇtimeagothａｔnaturｅpｒoviｄesｔheｂeｓtbluｅｐrｉnt(蓝图）ｆorinvention.We＇veｂoｒrowｅdcanalsfrombeaveｒｓ（河狸)andreflectorsfromcaｔ＇seｙｅｓ．Altｈouｇｈｔheｗorｄs"ｂioｎics"becaｍepopularonlyａfterｔｈe1960s，hisｔoｒysｈｏｗstｈatnａｔurｅhasａｌｗaysproｖｉdedidｅasonsｏlvingeveryｄayprobｌｅmｓ．Oｕrａrchivｅs（档案)doｎ'tgobackｔotｈｅtimｅｏｆLｅonarｄodａVincｉａndｈisbird-ｌikｅflｙｉnｇmachines,butweｃaｎtakｅｙoｕtothelate１9ｔｈcenｔuｒy,whereｗeappliｅdthｏsｅsameｐrｉnｃｉplesｆorbｕｉldｉｎｇourfｉｒstprａｃticａｌairplanes.ToprepaｒefoｒtheirflightaｔKitｔyHawk,theWrightbrｏthersstudieｄｔhｅｍovementｓｏfpigｅonｓtｏfigｕｒeoｕthowtheｙsｔaｙedhighuｐwｈｅｎtheｙwereheａvieｒthanaiｒ.Ｔｈeiｒsuｃcｅｓsinspirｅdsｃoｒeｓｏfｓuccｅssorstoimｐｒoveｏntheairｐlanebｙsｔudyinｇvａｒｉｏusaspectsoｆnaturｅ.OneofＯrviｌleWright'sｐｕpｉｌsｃaｕghtandstuffeｄｓeagｕllｓtoexaminetheiｒwingspan.Ｍeanwhiｌe,ｔwｏFrｅncｈinvｅnｔorｓexaminｅdspｉnｎingsyｃaｍore(梧桐)seｅdsinaneffｏrｔtoapplｙthosesaｍｅmotioｎｓ,reversｅd，toaｈelｉcoｐtｅr．Sｏmeｅxaｍplｅｓarｅmoreｏbviouｓthanotheｒs.TheoｕtsidｅｏｆthｅairplanｅdｅsignedbytｈeWrigｈtbｒoｔｈｅrsｌｏoksｌikeaminｉｍaｌisｔｉc（简朴抽象艺术)ｓtruｃture.Ｏntheotｈerhaｎｄ,BarｎeｙConｎett'sｆｉshsubmarｉne（潜水艇）actuaｌlｙlooksliｋeａfisｈ.Sｏmｅbio－inspirｅｄｃｏncｅpｔｓhaveyettｏbｅinventeｄ.Inｔhe1９6０s,theＵSAｒmycomｍisｓｉoneｄｓeveraｌｕnｉveｒsiｔypｒoｆeｓsorstoconｄuctresearｃhontｈeｍotorskillsofanｉｍaｌsinhoｐeｏfappｌyingthosｅsameabiｌitｉeｓｔoｔaｎks.Tanksthatｒunlikehorseｓorｊumpliｋeｇrasｓhｏppｅrs（蚂蚱)-ｓoｕndｓｓhoｃkiｎｇ，ｄoesn'tit?Butiｍａgｉneｈoｗliｆｅwoulｄchangeiｆwecouldachievethat.４1．"Cats","ｍonkeys＂and'ｇiｒaffｅs"mentioｎedｉnparagraph1areeｘamplesｔoillustrateＡ．ｔheyaｒeｈighly-eｖｏlvｅdsｐｅciesashｕmａns.B.aｎｉmａｌsｈaveｓkillsthaｔhuｍansｄonotposｓｅｓｓ.C.humａnscanleａrｎanｉｍaｌｓ'skｉlｌｓ．D.theyaｒeｓｋillfｕlindｉffｅreｎtｗays．【答案】：Ｂ42.Whichｏfthefoｌlｏwinｇｃaｎbefoundinthearchivｅgalｌｅrｙ?A.Ｆirｓtpｒacｔｉｃalairplanesbｕiltｉｎthelate１9thceｎtuｒｙ.B.Historyｂooks．C.ThｅWｒightbｒothｅｒs＇sculpture.D.LeonａrdodａVｉnci'sbiｒd-lｉkｅfｌyiｎgｍachinｅs.【答案】:Ａ43.WｈatｈａppeｎｅｄaｆteｒtheＷｒightbrothers'suｃcess？A.Pｅｏpleｃａrriedoｕｔasｙsｔｅmatiｃstudｙonpｉgeｏns.B.Peoplｅｃｏuldflytheirａirpｌanｅforfun．C.ＰeopleｋepttheｉrairplaneataFreｎchgallｅry．D.Peopleｓtudｉeｄmｏｒeaｎimａｌｓanｄplaｎtstodeveｌｏｐtheaｉｒｐlane.【答案】:D４4.ＷｈichofthefollｏｗinｇistｒueabouttheｒesearｃhcａrrieｄoｕtbytheUSAｒmy？A．Ithaｓchaｎgｅdourlifｅ.Ｂ.Ithascostalaｒgeｓumｏｆmoneｙ．C.Iｔhasimprovedtｈeabｉliｔieｓｏftanks.D.Iｔhａsnｏtsucceedｅdyet.【答案】：Ｃ４５．Ｗhａtdoesthewriteｒwanttotｅllｉnthｅｐassａge？A.Ｓomeanｉmaｌsｐｏssessuｎｉqueskｉllｓ.B．Mａnyinveｎtionｓgetｉdeaｓfroｍnatuｒe.C.Ｐeｏｐlesｈtectnatｕre.D.Bionｉcsiｓfａrfromperfeｃｔ.【答案】:B第5部分:补全短文(第４６~５0题,每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白,短文后有６个句子，其中5个取自短文,请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。FｏrestｓｆorCiｔiesＹouaｒestａndingiｎａｂeautｉfuｌfｏreｓtinJａｐan.Theairiｓｃleanａndｓmelｌslｉkepｌantsaｎdflowers．Thereare17５dｉfferentkindsofｔreeｓ,aｎd６0ｋindｓofbirdｓlivehｅre._＿_C＿__＿（46)YｏuaredownｔowninthｅcityoｆNara，Jaｐan,inKasugａyaｍａFｏrｅst，ｔhｅoldｅｓturbａｎforestintｈeworld.Itwasstartｅdmｏrｅthanaｔhｏusandyeaｒsagｏ,ａndtodaｙit'sｖerypopulaｒｗitｈtｏuristsanｄartiｓｔs.Ciｔiesarounｄｔheworldareworｋingtｏpｒotｅcttheirurbanfoｒestｓ.Soｍeｕrbanfｏrｅstsarｅparｋs，aｎdｓomｅａrejuststｒeｅtｓwitｈalｏtofｔrees.Butalluｒbａｎforｅｓtsｈａｖeｍanygｏodefｆｅctsｏnｔheenvｉronmｅｎt.＿___D___(４7)Theyaｌｓostopｔhｅnoiｓｅfromheavytraｆfic．Theyevenｍakｅtheweatherbｅｔterbecaｕseｔｈeymａｋetheaｉｒ３-5ｄｅgreeｓcoｏler，aｎｄtｈeystｏｐsｔrongwinｄｓ.Urｂａnfｏrestsaｌｓｏhavｅmanyｇooｄeffecｔsoｎpｅopｌe.Theymakethecitymorebｅaｕｔifｕｌ.Inaｃrowdedarea,tｈeｙgｉvepeoｐｌeａｐlａcｅｔorｅlａxandspｅnｄtimeinnａturｅ.___B__(４８）Iｎsｏmｅcｏuntｒｉes,pｅoplearesｔartingnewurbａnforestｓ.ＩnEｎｇland,ｔhｅrｅarenow1.３millｉontreesinanurｂanforｅstｃａlleｄＴhame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