ASTM土的标准贯入和对开管取样标准试验方法

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q璃中gdfromAnnuai舶*ofASTM导larx妇E&GodYnQhlASlVStandardTestMethodforPenetrationTestandSplit-BarrelSamplingofSoils土的标准贯入和对开管取样标准试验方法UH4SstandirdisisswduMerthefixeddeBigtiationDMSA;thfDUinb4fimmudi址ciyfollowing|bcde31glnationin也由看5theyearofCHiginiM向k>ptig■,inthetiHrofnrvisionhKhcyearofla&ircvisratii-Antirn31inpirenlhcscsixi山calc%ihtjtafMIasifcapprovalAjuperscripuep&ibn(t)indur3te&urneditorialcbaiigcsince如Ntnvk帽力ar怔邛力smndaM加bbemapprovedfitr byagenciesof痴D^pajrtm^nt可占惮腾甘、Scope*围Thistestmethoddescribestheprocedure,generallyknownastheStandardPenetrationTest(SPT),fordrivingasplit-barrelsamplertoobtainarepresentativesoilsampleandameasureoftheresistanceofthesoiltopenetrationofthesampler.该标准试验方法描述标准贯入试验(SPT)程序，推进对开管取样器获取代表性土试样和测量土对贯入取样器的阻力值。Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyproblems,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Foraspecificprecautionarystatement,see5.4.1.该标准试验方法没有包含所有的安全问题，即便要，联系实际需要。在使用前确定合适的安全、健康守则和决定其规章制度适用的局限性是使用者的责任。预防性注意条款说明见5.4.1。Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.1.3数值标准单位为英寸-英镑体系。Note1-PracticeD6066canbeusedwhentestingloosesandsbelowthewatertableforliquefactionstudiesorwhenahigherlevelofcareisrequiredwhendrillingthesesoils.Thispracticeprovidesinformationondrillingmethods,equipmentvariables;energycorrections,andblow-countnormalization.1.3注释1-当测试水面以下的松散砂用于液化研究或当对钻孔士有更高的要求时，操作规程D6066可以使用。该操作规程有关钻孔方法、设备变化、能量更正和击数标准化。ReferencedDocuments参考文件ASTMStandards:D2487PracticeforClassificationofSoilsforEngineeringPurposes(UnifiedSoilClassificationSystem)D2488PracticeforDescriptionandIdentificationofSoils(Visual-ManualProcedure)D4220PracticesforPreservingandTransportingSoilSamplesD4633TestMethodforStressWaveEnergyMeasurementforDynamicPenetrometerTestingSystemsD6066PracticeforDeterminingtheNormalizedPenetrationResistanceTestingofSandsforEvaluationofLiquefactionPotentialTerminology术语DefinitionsofTermsSpecifictoThisStandard本标准中特定的术语定义：anvil-thatportionofthedrive-weightassemblywhichthehammerstrikesandthroughwhichthehammerenergypassesintothedrillrods.铁砧—重力推进装配的一部分并将重锤锤击能量传给钻杆。cathead-therotatingdrumorwindlassintherope-catheadliftsystemaroundwhichtheoperatorwrapsaropetoliftanddropthehammerbysuccessivelytighteningandlooseningtheropeturnsaroundthedrum.锚架—绳锚提升系统中的滚桶或绞盘，通过它，操作者缠绕绳索连续的收紧及放松绕在滚桶上的绳索将重锤提起、放下。drillrods-rodsusedtotransmitdownwardforceandtorquetothedrillbitwhiledrillingaborehole.钻杆—在钻孔时向钻头传递向下力和扭矩。drive-weightassemble-adeviceconsistingofthehammer,hammerfallguide,theanvil,andanyhammerdropsystem.重锤推进装配—由重锤、重锤下落导向杆、铁砧和任何的重锤落下系统。hammer-thatportionofthedrive-weightassemblyconsistingofthe140±2lb(63.5±1kg)impactweightwhichissuccessivelyliftedanddroppedtoprovidetheenergythataccomplishesthesamplingandpenetration.重锤一重量推进装配的一部份，140^2lb(63.51kg),通过连续提升并掉落重锤提供的能量完成取样和贯入。hammerdropsystem-thatportionofthedrive-weightassemblybywhichtheoperatoraccomplishestheliftinganddroppingofthehammertoproducetheblow.重锤掉落系统—重锤推进装配的组成部分，操作者通过它提升、放开重锤产生击数。hammerfallguide-thatpartofthedrive-weightassemblyusedtoguidethefallofthehammer.重锤下落导向—重锤推进装配的组成部分，用于引导重锤下落。N-value-theblowcountrepresentationofthepenetrationresistanceofthesoil.TheN-value,reportedinblowsperfoot,equalsthesumofthenumberofblowsrequiredtodrivethesampleroverthedepthintervalof6to18in.(150to450mm)(see7.3).N值一击数代表土的贯入阻力。N值以每英尺击数报告，等于将取样器推进土中6到18英寸(150至ij450mm)的总击数(见7.3节)。?N-thenumberofblowsobtainedfromeachofthe6-in.(150-mm)intervalsofsamplerpenetration(see7.3).?N—将取样器贯入土中6英寸(150mm)的击数。numberofropeturns-thetotalcontactanglebetweentheropeandthecatheadatthebeginningoftheoperator'sropeslackeningtodropthehammer,dividedby360° (seeFig.1).绳索缠绕数—缠绕在锚架上绳索圈数。

OperatorhftrpScctiojiA-ACatheadOperatorhftrpScctiojiA-ACatheadFiG.1D#finillonsofUtbNiumftiBFofrums；andAng«for(J)CourrtoreleCkmwRolatioriiand(b|CloekwiseRotation4tliesamplingrods-rodsthatconnectthedrive-weightassemblytothesampler.Drillrodsareoftenusedforthispurpose.取样杆一连接重锤推进装配与取样器。同常使用钻杆。SPT-abbreviationforstandardpenetrationtest,atermbywhichengineerscommonlyrefertothismethod.SPT一标准贯入试验的缩写，提到该试验方法时工程师通常使用该术语。SignificanceandUse意义与作用Thistestmethodprovidesasoilsampleforidentificationpurposesandforlaboratorytestsappropriateforsoilobtainedfromasamplerthatmayproducelargeshearstraindisturbanceinthesample.该试验方法能为辨别士和室试验提供土试样，这些室试验适合用在取样器中可能产生了剪应力扰动的士试样。Thistestmethodisusedextensivelyinagreatvarietyofgeotechnicalexplorationprojects.ManylocalcorrelationsandwidelypublishedcorrelationswhichrelateSPTblowcount,orN-value,andtheengineeringbehaviorofearthworksandfoundationsareavailable.该试验方法广泛用于岩土工程勘察。许多有关SPT击数或N值的地方修正和大围出版了的修正，都可得到有关土方和地基的工程性质。Apparatus仪器设备DrillingEquipment-Anydrillingequipmentthatprovidesatthetimeofsamplingasuitablycleanopenholebeforeinsertionofthesamplerandensuresthatthepenetrationtestisperformedonundisturbedsoilshallbeacceptable.Thefollowingpiecesofequipmenthaveproventobesuitableforadvancingaboreholeinsomesubsurfaceconditions.钻孔设备—任何钻孔设备在取样器插入取样前能提供一个相当干净的开放孔并确保贯入试验是在未受扰动的原状土样上进行的都可接受。下面的仪器设备被证实在某些地下条件中适合推进开孔。Drag,Chopping,andFishtailBits,lessthan6.5in.(162mm)andgreaterthan2.2in.(56mm)indiametermaybeusedinconjuctionwithopen-holerotarydrillingorcasing-advancementdrillingmethods.Toavoiddisturbanceoftheunderlyingsoil,bottomdischargebitsarenotpermitted;onlysidedischargebitsarepermitted.抓，切和鱼尾螺栓，直径小于6.5英寸(162mm)，大于2.2英寸(56mm)，用于结合旋转钻探开孔或套管护孔钻探开孔方法使用。为避免扰动地下土，不允许使用钻头排流，只允许使用钻头侧面排流。Roller-ConeBits,lessthan6.5in.(162mm)andgreaterthan2.2in.(56mm)indiametermaybeusedinconjunctionwithopen-holerotarydrillingorcasing-advancementdrillingmethodsifthedrillingfluiddischargeisdeflected.旋转圆锥钻头，直径小于6.5英寸(162mm)，大于2.2英寸( 56mm)，如果钻探泥浆是斜向排，用于结合旋转钻探开孔或套管护孔钻探开孔方法使用放。Hollow-StemContinuousFlightAugers,withorwithoutacenterbitassembly,maybeusedtodrilltheboring.Theinsidediameterofthehollow-stemaugersshallbelessthan6.5in.(162mm)andgreaterthan2.2in.(56mm).带或不带中心钻头的中空连续行程式螺丝钻，可用于钻孔。螺丝钻的径应小于6.5英寸（162mm）大于2.2英寸（56mm）。Solid,ContinuousFlight,BucketandHandAugers,lessthan6.5in.(162mm)andgreaterthan2.2in.(56mm)indiametermaybeusedifthesoilonthesideoftheboringdoesnotcaveontothesamplerorsamplingrodsduringsampling.实心，连续行程，铲状病手持的螺丝钻，直径小于 6.5英寸(162mm),大于2.2英寸(56mm),当孔壁土在取样时不塌落在取样器或是取样杆上可使用。SamplingRods-Flushjointsteeldrillrodsshallbeusedtoconnectthesplit-barrelsamplertothedrive-weightassembly.Thesamplingrodshallhaveastiffness(momentofinertia)equaltoorgreaterthanthatofparallelwall"A"rod(asteelrodwhichhasanoutsidediameterof158in.(41.2mm)andaninsidediameterof118in.(28.5mm).取样杆一淬化钢质杆，用于连接裂口式取样器和重量推进装置。取样杆的强度(瞬时惯性)应等于或大于 A型钻杆(一种外径为1%in.(41.2mm),径为1%in.(28.5mm)的钢管)。Note2-Recentresearchandcomparativetestingindicatesthetyperodused,withstiffnessrangingfrom"A"sizerodto"N"sizerod,willusuallyhaveanegligibleeffectontheN-valuestodepthsofatleast100ft(30m).注释2一对使用钢管的研究和对比试验表明： 从A型钢管到N型钢管强度的变化，在100ft(30m)的深度对N值的影响可以忽略。Split-BarrelSampler-ThesamplershallbeconstructedwiththedimensionsindicatedinFig.2.Thedrivingshoeshallbeofhardenedsteelandshallbereplacedorrepairedwhenitbecomesdentedordistorted.Theuseoflinerstoproduceaconstantinsidediameterof13/sin.(35mm)ispermitted,butshallbenotedonthepenetrationrecordifused.Theuseofasampleretainerbasketispermitted,andshouldalsobenotedonthepenetrationrecordifused.对开管取样器一取样器构造尺寸见图2。管靴应为高强度钢并且当其凹陷或扭曲时可更换或修理。为保持恒定的1%in.(41.2mm)大小的径，允许使用衬垫，但必须在贯入记录上注明。允许使用试样固定器，但也应在贯入记录上注明。Note3-BoththeoryandavailabletestdatasuggestthatN-valuesmayincreasebetween10to30%whenlinersareused.注释3——理论和现有的试验数据都建议：当使用衬垫时， N值可能增加10-30%。5 *七掰A-1Cio-ff.Oin.(2&七Xim)B=1SOId3QOhId*。b口鹏？制C-1,375-ORM』.<94.K士(M3rpei0-IM±oos-ocnh(301±IS^G.CrwnJ匚-D10= 12Hx。屋而耐F-203z0.05-000iiW8-1?-0Cffw)G-1&0*to23.01n*Aminimm#Efil・rirlirMEIm#be\mauihs16-^paf皿丸修**"iiIriBTTh*阳・”］中gH小。加咖th&ir»jxytqdiqh%tot/vdMorgEuretanarspruyIbausedb?egem«|5amiip旧应FIGr2SpR-BamlS^rnpler5.4Drive-WeightAssembly:重量推进装置：HammerandAnvil-Thehammershallweigh140±21b(63.5±1kg)andshallbeasolidrigidmetallicmass.Thehammershallstriketheanvilandmakesteelonsteelcontactwhenitisdropped.Ahammerfallguidepermittingafreefallshallbeused.Hammersusedwiththecatheadandropemethodshallhaveanunimpededoverliftcapacityofatleast4in.(100mm).Forsafetyreasons,theuseofahammerassemblywithaninternalanvilisencouraged.锤和铁砧一锤重140±2lb(63.5±1kg),应为坚硬实心的金属块。当锤落下后，钢与钢接触，重锤锤击铁砧。应使用允许自由掉落的重锤下落导向装置。重锤与锚架及绳索使用，应有一个不受阻碍的上拉限位能力至少4in.(100mm)。为安全起见，鼓励重锤装置使用一个置的铁砧。Note4-Itissuggestedthatthehammerfallguidebepermanentlymarkedtoenabletheoperatororinspectortojudgethehammerdrop.注释4一建议重锤导向杆刻上尺度，以使操作者或者观察者能够判断重锤掉落高度。

HammerDropSystem-Rope-cathead,trip,semiautomatic,orautomatichammerdropsystemsmaybeused,providingtheliftingapparatuswillnotcausepenetrationofthesamplerwhilere-engagingandliftingthehammer.5.4.2重锤掉落系统—绳索 -锚架，启动装置，半自动，或自动掉锤系统可以使用，倘若提升设备在重新啮合和提升时不造成取样器的插入。5.5AccessoryEquipment-Accessoriessuchaslabels,samplecontainers,datasheets,andgroundwaterlevelmeasuringdevicesshallbeprovidedinaccordancewiththerequirementoftheprojectandotherASTMstandards.5.5附属设备—标签、试样筒、记录纸和地下水量测仪器设备，需满足工程及astMS准的要求。DrillingProcedure钻孔程序Theboringshallbeadvancedincrementallytopermitintermittentorcontinuoussampling.Testintervalsandlocationsarenormallystipulatedbytheprojectengineerorgeologist.Typically，theintervalsselectedare5ft(1.5mm)orlessinhomogeneousstratawithtestandsamplinglocationsateverychangeofstrata.钻孔应分段钻进，允许断续或是连续取样。试验间距及位置通常由工程项目工程师或是地质工程师确定。典型的是，在均匀地层中间距为5ft(1.5m)或更小做标贯且每变层时取样。Anydrillingprocedurethatprovidesasuitablycleanandstableholebeforeinsertionofthesamplerandassuresthatthepenetrationtestisperformedonessentiallyundisturbedsoilshallbeacceptable.Eachofthefollowingprocedureshaveproventobeacceptableforsomesubsurfaceconditions.Thesubsurfaceconditionsanticipatedshouldbeconsideredwhenselectingthedrillingmethodtobeused.6.2任何在放入取样器前能提供干净和稳定孔壁，并能确保在未扰动的原状土中进行的钻孔程序都可接受。以下各程序被证明对某些地下条件可用在选择土中进行的钻孔程序都可接受。以下各程序被证明对某些地下条件可用在选择钻孔方法时应考虑地下土层条件。Open-holerotarydrillingmethod.旋转钻孔法开孔。Continuousflighthollow-stemaugermethod.中空螺丝钻连续行程法。Washboringmethod.冲孔法。Continuousflightsolidaugermethod.实心螺丝钻连续行程法。Severaldrillingmethodsproduceunacceptableborings.Theprocessofjettingthroughanopentubesamplerandthensamplingwhenthedesireddepthisreachedshallnotbepermitted.Thecontinuousflightsolidaugermethodshallnotbeusedforadvancingtheboringbelowawatertableorbelowtheupperconfiningbedofaconfinednon-cohesivestratumthatisunderartesianpressure.Casingmaynotbeadvancedbelowthesamplingelevationpriortosampling.Advancingaboringwithbottomdischargebitsisnotpermissible.ItisnotpermissibletoadvancetheboringforsubsequentinsertionofthesamplersolelybymeansofprevioussamplingwiththeSPTsampler.几种钻孔方法不能用于钻孔。从管口穿过取样管喷射钻进，在到达预定取样深度时取样的钻孔方法不允许采用。 实心螺丝钻连续行程法不能用于水下钻孔或是承压地层下（因为存在承压水压） 。套管不能伸入取样高程下。钻孔不允许采用钻头排流方法。紧接就单独插入取样器前（在用 SPT取样器取样），不允许推进钻孔。Thedrillingfluidlevelwithintheboringorhollow-stemaugersshallbemaintainedatorabovetheinsitugroundwaterlevelatalltimesduringdrilling,removalofdrillrods,andsampling.在钻进、拆卸钻头和取样过程中，钻孔或中空钻杆的液面应始终保持或超过现场地下水高程。SamplingandTestingProcedure取样和试验程序Aftertheboringhasbeenadvancedtothedesiredsamplingelevationandexcessivecuttingshavebeenremoved,prepareforthetestwiththefollowingsequenceofoperations.在钻孔达到预定取样深度及孔清除干净后，按以下操作顺序准备试验。Attachthesplit-barrelsamplertothesamplingrodsandlowerintotheborehole.Donotallowthesamplertodropontothesoiltobesampled.将对开管取样器与取样杆连接后放入钻孔。不允许取样器直接掉落到预取样土上。Positionthehammeraboveandattachtheanviltothetopofthesamplingrods.Thismaybedonebeforethesamplingrodsandsamplerareloweredintotheborehole.使重锤就位并将铁砧与取样杆安装好。此操作应在取样杆及取样器放入钻孔前完成。Restthedeadweightofthesampler,rods,anvil,anddriveweightonthebottomoftheboringandapplyaseatingblow.Ifexcessivecuttingsareencounteredatthebottomoftheboring,removethesamplerandsamplingrodsfromtheboringandremovethecuttings.等取样器，钻杆，铁砧，重锤的重量完全压在钻孔底部的土上后，锤一击使其就位。如果在钻孔的底部遇有大量的切削物，从钻孔中提出取样杆和取样器并清除切削物。Markthedrillrodsinthreesuccessive6-in.(0.15-m)incrementssothattheadvanceofthesamplerundertheimpactofthehammercanbeeasilyobservedforeach6-in.(0.15-m)increment.7.1.4在钻杆上标记三个连续的每隔 6in(0.15m)的刻度，因而取样器在重锤的作用下每前进6in(0.15m)能很容易的观察到。7.2Drivethesamplerwithblowsfromthe140-1b(63.5-kg)hammerandcountthenumberofblowsappliedineach6-in.(0.15-m)incrementuntiloneofthefollowingoccurs:7.2用140lb(63.5kg)的重锤锤击贯入取样器并记录取样器每进入 6in(0.15m)的击数，直到出现下面任一种情况时停止贯入：Atotalof50blowshavebeenappliedduringanyoneofthethree6-in.(0.15-m)incrementsdescribedin7.1.4.在7.1.4标记的刻度中，任一6in(0.15m)行程的锤击数达到50击。Atotalof100blowshavebeenapplied总锤击数达到100击。Thereisnoobservedadvanceofthesamplerduringtheapplicationof10successiveblowsofthehammer.在重锤连续锤击 10次后，未观察到取样器前进。Thesamplerisadvancedthecomplete18in.(0.45m)withoutthelimitingblowcountsoccurringasdescribedin7.2.1,7.2.2,or.2.4在未遇到7.2.1、7.2.2或7.2.3情况下，取样器行进了18in(0.45m)。7.3Recordthenumberofblowsrequiredtoeffecteach6in.(0.15m)ofpenetrationorfractionthereof.Thefirst6in.isconsideredtobeaseatingdrive.Thesumofthenumberofblowsrequiredforthesecondandthird6in.ofpenetrationistermedthe"standardpenetrationresistance,"orthe"N-value."Ifthesamplerisdrivenlessthan18in.(0.45m),aspermittedin7.2.1,7.2.2,or7.2.3,thenumberofblowspereachcomplete6-in.(0.15-m)incrementandpereachpartialincrementshallberecordedontheboringlog.Forpartialincrements,thedepthofpenetrationshallbereportedtothenearest1in.(25mm),inadditiontothenumberofblows.Ifthesampleradvancesbelowthebottomoftheboringunderthestaticweightofthedrillrodsortheweightofthedrillrodsplusthestaticweightofthehammer,thisinformationshouldbenotedontheboringlog.记录取样器每贯入6in(0.15m)的锤击数或它所属的部分。第一个6in(0.15m)是使取样器达到试验土层位置。第二个和第三个 6in(0.15m)锤击数的总合相应于标准贯入阻力或是N值。如果取样器的贯入深度小于18in(0.45m),像7.2.1、7.2.2或7.2.3情况，每贯入6in(0.15m)或是部分贯入的锤击数应记录在钻孔记录上。对于部分贯入，记录应至精确至1in(0.25mn)及其锤击数。如果取样器在在钻杆的静止重量或是钻杆与重锤的静止重量下就能贯入土中， 都应在钻孔记录中注明。Theraisinganddroppingofthe140-1b(63.5-kg)hammershallbeaccomplishedusingeitherofthefollowingtwomethods:7.4提升和掉落140lb(63.5kg)重锤都应按下面两种方法之一操作：Byusingatrip,automatic,orsemi-automatichammerdropsystemwhichliftsthe140-1b(63.5-kg)hammerandallowsittodrop30 ±1.0in.(0.76m±25mm)unimpeded.使用启动装置，自动或半自动重锤掉落系统，提升140Ib(63.5kg)重锤并使其无限制的掉落30±1.0in(0.76m±25mmi。Byusingacatheadtopullaropeattachedtothehammer.Whenthecatheadandropemethodisusedthesystemandoperationshallconformtothefollowing:7.4.2使用锚架牵拉连接重锤的绳索。当锚架和绳索方法使用时，操作须满足以下要求：Thecatheadshallbeessentiallyfreeofrust,oil,orgreaseandhaveadiameterintherangeof6to10in.(150to250mm).锚架应无锈，涂油或油脂，直径6-10in.(150-250mm)。Thecatheadshouldbeoperatedataminimumspeedofrotationof100RPM,ortheapproximatespeedofrotationshallbereportedontheboringlog.锚架操作时的最小转速应为100RPM或在钻孔记录上注明大约转速。Nomorethan214ropeturnsonthecatheadmaybeusedduringtheperformanceofthepenetrationtest,asshowninFig.1.如图1(略)所示，在贯入试验过程中，锚架上不能使用超过 214圈的绳索。Note5-Theoperatorshouldgenerallyuseeither134or214ropeturns,dependinguponwhetherornottheropecomesoffthetop(134turns)orthebottom(214turns)ofthecathead.Itisgenerallyknownandacceptedthat23/4ormoreropeturnsconsiderablyimpedesthefallofthehammerandshouldnotbeusedtoperformthetest.Thecatheadropeshouldbemaintainedinarelativelydry,clean,andunfrayedcondition.注释5——操作者主要使用 1%圈或者2%圈绳索，这决定于绳索离开锚架从其顶部(1%)还是底部(2%)。被广泛接受的是：2%或者更多的圈数相当于阻止重锤的下落而不能执行试验。绳索应保持相当的干燥，干净和无磨损的状况。Foreachhammerblow,a30-in.(0.76-m)liftanddropshallbeemployedbytheoperator.Theoperationofpullingandthrowingtheropeshallbeperformedrhythmicallywithoutholdingtheropeatthetopofthestroke.对于每次锤击，操作者都应确保重锤掉落行程 30in(0.76m)。有节奏的拉和放落绳索而不能在重锤未到锤击面时便收紧绳索。7.5Bringthesamplertothesurfaceandopen.Recordthepercentrecoveryorthelengthofsamplerecovered.Describethesoilsamplesrecoveredastocomposition,color,stratification,andcondition,thenplaceoneormorerepresentativeportionsofthesampleintosealablemoisture-proofcontainers(jars)withoutrammingordistortinganyapparentstratification.Sealeachcontainertopreventevaporationofsoilmoisture.Affixlabelstothecontainersbearingjobdesignation,boringnumber,sampledepth,andtheblowcountper6-in. (0.15-m)increment.Protectthesamplesagainstextremetemperaturechanges.Ifthereisasoilchangewithinthesampler,makeajarforeachstratumandnoteitslocationinthesamplerbarrel.7.5将取样器从钻孔中提出放在地面并取出土样。记录取得土样的百分数或是土样的长度。描述土样，如成分、颜色、分层和状态，然后取代表性土样装入防水密封的容器里(罐)，不能撞击或有任何明显分层扭曲。密封容器防止水分蒸发。容器上贴上标签，容包括工程名称、钻孔编号、取样深度和每贯入6-10in.(150-250mm)的锤击数。避免土样极端温度变化。如果取样器土层有变化，对每层取样并注明土层变化处的位置。Report报告Drillinginformationshallberecordedinthefieldandshallincludethefollowing:钻孔信息应在野外记录并应包括以下方面：Nameandlocationofjob,工程名称及位置。Namesofcrew,工作人员名字。Typeandmakeofdrillingmachine,钻机类型及其构成。Weatherconditions气象条件。Dateandtimeofstartandfinishofboring,钻孔开孔及终孔的日期和时间。Boringnumberandlocation(stationandcoordinatesifavailableandapplicable),钻孔数量和位置(站址和坐标，若果能够获得)。Surfaceelevation,ifavailable,地面标高，如果能够获得。Methodofadvancingandcleaningtheboring,钻孔的钻进方法及洗孔方法。Methodofkeepingboringopen,保持钻孔稳定的方法。Depthofwatersurfaceanddrillingdepthatthetimeofanotedlossofdrillingfluid,andtimeanddatewhenreadingornotationwasmade,记录钻孔液损耗后的水面深度和钻孔深度，以及读数或者记录时的时间和日期。Locationofstratachanges,地层变化处的位置。Sizeofcasing,depthofcasedportionofboring,钻孔使用套管的尺寸及长度。Equipmentandmethodofdrivingsampler,推进取样器的仪器和方法。useTypesamplerandlengthandinsidediameterofbarrel(noteofliners),use取样器类型、长度及其径(注明是否使用衬垫)。Size,type,andsectionlengthofthesamplingrods,and取样杆尺寸、类型及每段长度和8.1.16(要求的)。Remarks刻度。8.2Dataobtainedforeachsampleshallberecordedinthefieldandshallincludethefollowing:试样数据应在野外记录并满足以下要求：Sampledepthand,ifutilized,thesamplenumber,试样深度，如果用于测试，还有试样编号。Descriptionofsoil,土的描述。Stratachangeswithinsample,试样土层的变化。Samplerpenetrationandrecoverylengths,and取样器贯入深度及取得土芯的长度和8.2.5(要求的)。Numberofblowsper6-in.(0.15-m)orpartialincrement.贯入6in(0.15m)或部分进尺的锤击数。PrecisionandBias精度和误差Precision-Avalidestimateoftestprecisionhasnotbeendeterminedbecauseitistoocostlytoconductthenecessaryinter-laboratory(field)tests.SubcommitteeD18.02welcomesproposalstoallowdevelopmentofavalidprecisionstatement.精度—一种有效的估计试验精度的方法还没有建立，因为做必要的