2023年中国银行笔试英语阅读真题

中国银行笔试英语阅读真题阅读下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有五个问题，每个问题有四个备选答案。请根据短文的内容选择最佳答案。每个试题计3分,共计1５分

ＡTaｌｅｏｆScotｔｉsｈRuralLife

LｅwisGｒａssicGibbｏｎ’sSｕnsｅtSｏng(19３2)waｓvoteｄ“thｅbｅstSｃｏttishnoveｌｏfalｌtiｍe”byScottish’sreadｉngpublｉｃｉn２02３１OnｃｅｃonsideｒｅdshｏｃkingforitsfraｎｋｄescｒｉptioｎｏｆａspectｓｏfthｅlivｅｓｏfSｃotlanｄ’spooｒruｒalｆａrmｅｒs,ｉtｈasbeenadaptedforstage,film，TVaｎdrａdioinｒeｃenｔｄｅcades.ﻫThenｏｖeｌissetonｔｈefictionａleｓｔaｔeofＫinｒａｄｄie,iｎtｈｅｆarmiｎｇcouｎtrｙｏｆtheScottisｈnoｒtｈｗestinｔheｙearsuｐtoandｂeyｏndWorｌdWarI.AtiｔshearｔisthestoryｏfＣhris,whｏisbothpaｒtoｆｔhecoｍmunｉｔyandalittleｏutｓiｄｅit.ﻫGrassｉcGｉｂbonｇivesustｈｅmoｓｔdetaileｄandintimaｔｅacｃｏuntofthｅｌifeofhiｓhｅrｏine.Wｅwａｔｃhhergｒｏwｔhroughａｃｈildｈooddomｉnａteｄbyhercruｅｌｂuthａrd-woｒkｉｎgｆathｅｒ；eｘｐｅriｅnceｔraｇedｙ（ｈermothｅr’sｓuicｉｄｅandｍｕｒｄeroｆherｔｗinｃhｉldreｎ)；ａndlearｎａｂouｔhｅrfeｅliｎgsassｈegｒｏwsintowomａn.Weseehｅrmarry，losｅherｈusｂaｎd,ｔheｎmａrrｙagain.Cｈｒｉsｈａsseemeｄｓocｏnvｉncingａｆigｕretｏsomefｅmalｅreadｅrsｔhatｔheycaｎnｏtbelieｖethａｔsheiｓｔhecｒeationofaman2.

ButiｔｗｏuldｂemｉｓleaｄinｇtosｕｇgestｔｈatｔhiｓboｏｋisjuｓtaboｕtCｈriｓ.Ｉｔｉｓｔrｕlyａnoｖelｏfapｌaceanｄitspeopｌｅ.ItsopeｎingｓectｉonｔｅllsｏfKinrａｄdie’slｏnｇhｉstoｒy，iｎaｌａnguaｇethatimitatestheplａce’schａngiｎｇpａtternsofsｐeechandwritiｎg.

Thｅｓtoryiｔｓelfisamazinglyfullofcharactersandiｎｃidｅntｓ．IｔistｏｌｄfromＣhris’ｐoiｎｔofvｉeｗbutalｓofrｏmthａｔofthegｏssｉpingcoｍｍｕnity,acoｍmｕnityｗｈeｒｅeverybodykｎowseｖeryｂｏｄyｅlse’sbusinesｓａndｎoｔｈingiseｖerforgoｔtｅｎ.

SunsetSｏnｇｈａsaｓocｉalｔheｍetoo．ItisｃoncerｎedｗｉthwｈａtGrａｓsiｃGｉbbonｐerceivesastheｄestrｕctioｎofｔraｄitiｏnalScoｔtｉsｈruraｌlifefiｒstbymodernｉzａtioｎａnｄtheｎbyWorldＷar１.Gibbｏntrｉedhardｔｏshoｗhｏwcｅrtａiｎchａracteｒｓｒesｉstthｅwar.Despiteｔhiｓ，thｅwaｒtakesthｅyｏｕngｍeｎaway,anumberｏfthemtothｅiｒdeａths．Inｐarｔiｃｕlａr,itｔａｋesawayChris’hｕｓｂanｄ,EwａnTavendａlｅ.TｈｅwaｒfiｎaｌｌｙkillｓEwａｎ,butnotiｎｔｈewayhiswidowiｓｔｏlｄ.Infaｃｔ，theGeｒmaｎsａrｅｎ’tresponｓｉｂlefｏｒhisｄｅatｈ,butｈiｓownside．Hｅisshoｔｂｅｃauｓeheissａｉdｔｏｈａvｅrｕnaｗａｙｆrｏmａbａtｔle.ﻫIftｈｅｎovｅｌisａboｕtｔheeｎdofoｎewａｙoflｉｆeｉtalｓolｏｏksaｈｅad.Iｔisa“SunseｔSoｎg”butｉscoｎcernedtoｏｗiththenewＫinｒaｄdie，ｉnｄeedofthｅｎｅwＥｕroｐeanwｏrld．ＧrasｓicGibbonwｅntontopubｌishtwootｈernoｖelsabｏuttheｐlａcethatｃontｉnｕｅitsstｏｒy．

练习：

1.ＷhatiｓＳunsetSongmainlyabout?ﻫA)TheFirsｔＷorldWar.ﻫB)Thｅbｅautyoftheｓunsｅt．ﻫＣ）ThenewEｕropeａｎworｌd.ﻫD)ThelivesofrｕralSｃottishfarmｅｒs.

2．WhicｈstａtemeｎtｉsNOTｔrueofChrｉs？

A)SheｉｓｔhehｅroｉｎeofＳunseｔSonｇ.

B)Ｓhehadamiｓerablechｉldhｏod.

C)Sｈｅisthecrｅａtionoｆａｍan.

D)Shemaｒriｅdoｎlyoｎcｅ.

3.Wｈaｔistheopeｎingsectionoftｈenｏvｅlmainｌyｃｏｎcernｅdwith?

A)TheｃｌｉmatｅofKiｎrａddiｅ．

B)TｈｅhistoryofＫinrａddiｅ.

Ｃ）ThegeoｇraphyoｆＫｉnｒａdｄie．ﻫD)ThelanｇuagesｐokeｎｉnKinraddｉｅ.

4．ＷhｏarereｓpoｎsｉｂlefｏrEvaｎ’ｓdｅath，accoｒdinｇｔoCｈriｓ？

Ａ)TｈeGerｍans.

B）ThｅFrｅnｃhａrmy.

C)TｈeBritishtrooｐs．ﻫD)TheRussianｓolｄiers．

5.Thｅwordsunsｅtoccurrｉｎｇiｎthｅtitleofｔhenoveｌｍｏstproｂaｂlｙｍeanｓ

A)ｔheenｄofｔheｈeroine’sｌiｆe.ﻫB）ｔhｅｅndoｆｏne’sｌife．ﻫC)ｔhｅｅｎdoｆtraｄｉtionallife.

Ｄ)tｈeendoftheｄaｙ．

答案与题解:

１.D问题问的是《日落歌》重要讲的是什么?选项A说的是:第一次世界大战。选项B说的是:日落之美。选项Ｃ说的是:新欧洲世界。选项Ｄ说的是:苏格兰农夫的生活。选项D是对的的,相关的信息可在第一段中找到。

2.D问题问:哪个陈述对Chrｉs是不符的?选项A说的是:她是《日落歌》中的女主人公。选项B说的是:她的童年很苦。选项C说的是:她是由一个男人创作出来的。选项D说的是:她只结过一次婚。D不对。第三段有这么一句话：Weseｅhermａltｙ,ｌoｓeheｒｈusbａnd,ｔheｎmaｒｒyａgaiｎ．我们看见她结婚，失去丈夫,后来又结婚。ﻫ３.Ｂ问题问的是：小说的开头部分重要说了些什么?选项A说的是：Kinraddｉe的气候。选项Ｂ说的是：Ｋiｎradｄiｅ的历史。选项C说的是:Kinraddie的地理。选项D说的是:Kｉｎraddｉｅ说的语言。看看下面这句话:ItsｏpｅｎingsecｔｉｏntellsｏfＫinradｄie’slongｈistory,inalaｎguagethatimitatestheplaｃe’ｓｃhanginｇpatｔeｒnｓofspeｅcｈaｎｄwｒitiｎg.小说的开头部分讲述了Ｋｉｎｒaddｉe的悠久历史，讲述时模仿了该地方变化着的口头语和书面语的表达方式。可以看出,B是对的。

4．A问题问的是:根据Chris,谁杀死了Evan?选项A说的是：德国人。选项Ｂ说的是:法国军队。选项C说的是：英国部队。选项D说的是：俄罗斯士兵。Ｂ是对的的。倒数第二段有这么两句话：ThｅwaｒｆiｎallｙkilｌsＥwan，buｔnｏtｉｎthｅwayhisｗｉｄｏwｉｓtolｄ.Infaｃt，theGermaｎsａｒen’trｅｓponｓiblefｏrhiｓｄeatｈ，buthisownside.战争最后杀死了Ewan，但不是他的寡妇说的那样。事实上,德国人没有杀他,是他自己一边的人杀的。

5.C问题问的是：小说题目中sunseｔ这个词的意思很町能是哪一个意思?选项A说的是:女主人公生命的结束。选项Ｂ说的是：一个人生命的结束。选项Ｃ说的是：传统生活方式的结束。选项D说的是：一天的结束。对的答案是C。最后一段的第一句话是这么说的：Iftｈｅnoｖelisaboｕttheendofoｎewayｏｆlifｅiｔａｌｓｏlｏoｋsahead.假如小说是关于一种生活方式的结束，那么它同时也是朝前看的。

阅读下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有五个问题,每个问题有四个备选答案。请根据短文的内容选择最佳答案。每个试题计3分，共计1５分ﻫ

WhoWａnｔstoLiveFｏrｅｖer?

Iｆyoｕrdoctorcｏulｄｇivｅyｏｕadruｇthaｔwouldｌｅtyｏulｉｖeａｈealthyｌｉfefｏrtwｉceasloｎg,ｗouldｙouｔakeit?

Thｅｇoｏdneｗsisthａtwemayｂedｒawinｇneartｏthatdａte.Sciｅntisｔshavealreadｙｅxtendedtheｌivesoffｌｉes,wｏrmsanｄmiｃeinlａｂoratｏries．Mａｎynowthｉnｋthａｔｕsｉnggｅｎeticｔreａtmentswｅｗｉlｌsoｏnｂｅａbletoｅｘtendｈumａｎlｉfetｏatleaｓt1４０yeａrｓ.ﻫThissｅemsagrｅatidea.Tｈinkofhｏwｍuchmoreｔimewｅｃouldspendchasinｇouｒdreams,sｐｅndinｇtimewitｈｏurlovedｏnes，ｗatｃｈｉｎgourfａmｉliesｇrｏwandhavefamilｉeｓoftheiroｗn.ﻫ“Loｎgerliｆeｗｏｕldｇivｅusａchancｅｔorecoｖerｆrｏmouｒｍisｔaｋｅsａnｄｐroｍoteloｎｇtermthｉnｋinｇ，”saｙsＤrGｒｅgｏrySｔockofｔheUｎｉvｅrsｉｔyoｆCalｉfoｒnｉaＳchoolofPublicHeaｌtｈ.“Itwoulｄａｌsoｒaｉsｅproducｔｉｖｉtybyaｄdinｇｔoｔhｅｙearwecａnwork.”ﻫLｏngerlivesdｏｎ’tｊusｔａffｅctｔｈｅpｅoｐlewｈoliｖｅthｅｍ．Ｔheyａlsoaffectｓoｃiｅtyaｓaｗhole．“Wehavewar，poverty,aｌlsortsofｉssuesaround,andＩdon’ｔｔhinkａnyｏｆthemwoｕlｄbeataｌlhｅlpeｄｂyhaｖｉngpｅoplｅlivelonger，”ｓａysUSbiｏethｉcｉstDanielＣａlｌahan.“Tｈequestｉｏnis’Wｈaｔｗillwegeｔasasoｃiety？’Ｉsusｐectｉｔwon’tbｅabｅttersocietｙ.”

Itwouldcerｔainlybｅaverydiｆferentsoｃietｙ.Peopleａrealreaｄyfiｎdingitmoreｄiｆficultｔosｔａｙmarrｉed．Dｉvorceratesarｅｒｉsinｇ.Whatｗｏuldtｏmarrｉageinａsｏcietｙwheｒepｅoｐlｅlｉvｅｄｆｏr140ｙeａrｓ？Andｗhatwoulｄｈappｅｎtofaｍiｌyｌｉｆeiｆniｎeor１0ｇeｎeratｉonsofthesameｆamilywereallaliｖｅattｈｅsａｍetiｍe?

Reseaｒchiｎtｏageiｎgｍayenａｂlewｏmｅntorｅmａｉｎｆeｒtilefｏｒｌongｅｒ.Aｎdthaｔｒaｉseｓｔｈeprｏspeｃtofhavｉnｇ１0０-year-oldpaｒents，ｏrｂrotｈeｒsanｄｓｉsterｓbom50yeａrsaｐart~.Wethｉｎkofaneiderｓｉｂlｉｎgassomｅonewｈｏcanproｔeｃｔuｓandｏｆｆeｒhｅlpａｎdadvice.Ｔhatｗouｌdbeｈardtodoifthatsiｂlinｇcaｍefｒomacｏmｐletelydifｆerｅntgｅneration.

Workｉnｇlｉfewouｌdalsobeａfｆｅｃted，espｅciallyifthｅretirｅmｅntaｇewasliｆteｄ.Moｒｅpｅoｐlｅｗouldstａyinworkｆoｒlonger.Thatｗｏulｄgiveustｈeｂeｎeｆitsofage-sｋill,wｉsdoｍanｄgoodjudgｅｍeｎｔ.ﻫOnｔheoｔhｅrhaｎd，morepeoplewｏｒkingforlongerｗouｌdcreaｔegｒeａtercｏｍpeｔｉｔionｆorjobｓ．Itwoｕldmakｅitmorediffiｃulｔforyoｕngerｐｅopletofindaｊob．Topposｔswouldbedomｉnatｅdbytｈeｓameｆeｗindivｉdｕals,makｉngcａreerprogressmoｒediffiｃult.Andhoweａsilywoｕｌda２5-yeaｒ-oldemploｙeebeａbletｏｃomｍunｉcａｔｅwiｔhａ125-year-oｌdboss？

Youngpｅoｐｌｅwoｕｌｄbeasmallerpartoｆasoｃieｔyiｎwhichpeｏplelivedtｏ１４0.Ｉtmａｙｂethatsｕchasoｃietyｗoulｄｐlacｅlｅssimｐortanceongｕidinｇaｎdeｄｕcａtingyｏｕｎｇpeｏplｅ,ａnｄmorｅoｎmakingliｆecomｆortａbleｆoｒtheolｄ．

Ａndｓociｅtywouｌdfeelveryｄiｆｆerentifｍｏreoｆｉtｓmembｅrｓwｅreoldeｒ.Therｅwouldbeｍoｒewisdｏm，butlesseneｒｇy.Yｏungｐeoｐlｅlｉketomoｖｅabｏuｔ．Oldｐeopｌeｌiketosiｔstill．Ｙｏuｎgpｅｏpletendtoactｗithoｕtthinking．Oldpeoｐlｅｔeｎｄtotｈinkｗitｈｏutａctinｇ.Ｙouｎgpｅopｌeａrecuriouｓandliketoexpeｒiencediffｅrｅｎtｔhingｓ．Oldpeopleａrelｅssｅｎtｈｕsｉａｓtｉcaboutｃhaｎgｅ.Ｉnｆaｃt,tｈeyareｌeｓｓenｔhuｓiaｓticabouteveｒythiｎg．

Ｔheeffeｃtofanti-aｇｅingtｅchｎoloｇyisdeeｐeｒthanwｅｍightthink.Butasthescienceａｄｖanｃeｓ，ｗeneedtothiｎkaｂouｔtｈesecｈangesnow.

“Ｉfｔhiscouldeverhappen,thenwe’dbｅtterasｋwhatkｉnｄoｆsocｉetywewanttoget，”ｓayｓDａｎielＣalｌahan．“Wehａdbｅtternｏｔgoａnywheｒeｎeａｒiｔ２ｕntilｗehaｖefiguｒetｈoｓeprobｌemsｏｕt.”ﻫ练习:ﻫ1．WhｉchofｔhｅfｏllowｉngisＮOＴmeｎtiｏneｄａsoｎeｏfthethｉngsthａtliｖｉｎglｏngermightenabｌeaｎinｄividｕａltｏｄｏ?ﻫA)Spendingｍoretimewiｔｈhｉsfamily．

B)Ｈavingmoreeducatｉｏｎ.

C)Rｅａliｚiｎgｍoredｒeamｓ.

Ｄ)Workinｇloｎｇｅr．

2.Whicｈoftｈefollｏwｉngisimpliｅdｉnｔｈesｉｘthｐaragrａph?

A）ＭarｒiａgｅｓｉnthｅUStｏdayaｒequｉteunｓｔable.ﻫB)MoreａnｄmorｅpeｏpleｉntheＵStodａywａnttｏgｅtmarrieｄ.

C)Livinｇloｎgeｒwｏuldmakｅiteasieｒforpｅopletomａinｔaｉntheｉｒmａｒitalｔieｓ.ﻫＤ)Ｉfｐｅｏpleliｖｅｌonger,theｙｗｏuldstａyiｎmａrriagelongｅｒ.

３.AllofthefoｌloｗingarｅpｏssibleeffｅｃｔｓlｉvinglongermiｇhｔhaveonworkingｌifeEXCEPTﻫA)Cｏmmuｎicａtｉonｂetweenemplｏｙerｓａndemployeeｓwoｕｌｄbeｍoｒedｉfficult.ﻫＢ)Morｅｍｏneｙwｏulｄbｅｕｓedbyeｍploｙeeｓinｐａymｅntoftｈｅｉrｅmplｏyｅes．

Ｃ)Tｈejobｍarkｅtwoｕldbemｏｒｅcompetｉｔive.

D）Ｉtwoｕldbemoredifficultforyoｕngpｅｏplｅtobepromotedtｏｔoppositｉoｎs.

4.ＡｎimpｏｒtaｎtfｅatureoｆａsｏcｉetyiｎwｈiｃhpｅoｐｌeｌivealonglｉfeisthatﻫA)itｐｌａcesmoreeｍphaｓiｓoｎｅducaｔingtheyoung．

B）itisbｏｔhｗiseandｅｎｅrgetic.ﻫC)itlackｓｔhecuｒiosｉtｙｔｏexpｅｒiｍentｗhatiｓnew.ﻫD)iｔweｌcmeｓchａｎｇes.

5．WhｉｃｈoｆｔhｅfollowinｇｂeｓtｄesｃｒiｂｅsＣaｌlaｈaｎ’sａttｉtudetoａnti-ageingｔechnoｌoｇｙ?

Ａ)Ｏptｉｍistic．ﻫB)Pessimisｔｉｃ.

C）Ｒeｓeｒvｅd.

D）Nｅｇative．ﻫ答案与题解:

1.B长寿使个人能做的事重要在第3、4段里讲到,作者没有提到长寿可以让人更多地接受教育ﻫ２.A本题答案以下面的这两句话为依据：Psoｐleａrｅalreａdyｆiｎｄingｉtmorｅdiffｉculttostayｍａrriｅd.Dｉvｏrceｒaｔｅｓaｒｅｒisiｎg．暗示美国人目前的婚姻关系已经十分脆弱。ﻫ3.B文章的第９段讲了寿命延长、退休推迟也许带来的种种问题,但作者没有提到雇佣者需要更多的钱来支付员工的工资。

4．Ｃ答案可以在10、11这两段里找到。ﻫ5.C本题的答案依据可以在最后一段里找到。Callahan认为在搞清楚长寿社会会给我们带来哪些问题之前,最佳不要急着搞抗衰老的技术。可见他对抗衰老技术的发展是有保存的。ﻫ阅读下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有五个问题,每个问题有四个备选答案。请根据短文的内容选择最佳答案。每个试题计3分，共计１５分ﻫ

TｈｅＢeｓｔWａｙtoＲeduｃeYourWeight

Youｈｅarthｉs:“Noｗonderyｏuarｅfａt.Allyoueverdoiｓeat.”Youｆeelｓad：“Iskiｐｍybreakfastａndsuｐper.Ｉruｎeverymorningandｅｖｅnｉng.WhatｅlsecanIdo?”Ｂasicaｌlyyoucanｄonｏthing.Yｏurｇｅnｅs，notyouｒliｆeｈabits,deｔermineyｏurwｅigｈtanｄyourｂodyｃonｓｔａｎtｌｙtrｉesｔoｍaintainit．

ＡｌbertStunkardofthｅUniｖerｓityoｆPennsylvaniafouｎｄｆｒomexperimentsｔhat，“8０ｐerｃｅｎｔoftｈechｉldrenoｆｔｗooｂｅseｐarentsｂecomｅｏbeｓe，ａscomｐａredｗithｎoｍorｅｔhan１4ｐｅrcentofｔheoｆfsｐrｉngoｆtwｏｐarｅｎtsｏfnｏrmalweｉght.”ﻫHowｃａｎobesepeoｐｌebeｃomenormalorevｅnthｉｎthrouｇhdieｔiｎg？Well，ｄieｔｉnｇcanｂeefｆecｔive,buttheｈealｔｈcoｓｔsaretremendｏus.JuleｓＨiｒsｃh,aｒesｅarｃhphyｓｉｃiaｎatRoｃkｅfelｌｅrUniversｉty，didastudｙofeｉｇhtｆatpeoplｅ．Thｅywｅregivenａlｉｑuｉdforｍulapｒovｉdinｇ600ｃａloriｅsaｄay1.Ａfteｒｍoretｈan10ｗeeｋｓ,thｅｓuｂjecｔsｌosｔ45ｋgonaveragｅ．Bｕｔaｆtｅｒleａvｉｎgthｅｈosｐitaｌ,theyallregaｉneｄ.Therｅｓultｓweｒesurprising：ｂymｅtaboliｃmeａsuｒemenｔ,faｔpeoplｅwhｏｌoｓｔlａrgｅamountsofｗeightseemedｌikeｔheｙwerestａrvｉｎg.Thｅyhaｄｐsｙchiatriｃprobleｍｓ.Tｈeydｒeameｄoｆfoodorbreａkingtheｉrdieｔ2．Ｔheyweｒeanxiousanｄdepresseｄ;somewerｅsｕｉcｉdal.Theyhidfｏoｄinｔｈｅirroｏms.Reseaｒchersｗａrｎthaｔｉtispｏsｓibｌethatwｅightｒeｄuｃtionｄoｅsn’tresｕltinｎormalwｅiｇｈｔ,ｂｕtinanabｎoｒmaｌstaｔereｓembliｎgｔｈatofｓｔarvednｏn-oｂesepeople.ﻫThiｎpeｏple，howeveｒ，ｓuｆfeｒfｒｏmthｅoppoｓｉte:Tｈeｙhａveｔomaｋeaｇrｅatefforｔtogａinweight.ＥthaｎSimｓ,ｏｆthｅUniveｒsityoｆVｅrmont,gｏtprｉsonerstｏvoluｎteertogaｉnweiｇht．Infｏurtｏｓixｍonｔhs，tｈｅyateａsmuchasｔheycｏｕld.Theyｓucceedeｄｉnｉncｒeasinｇｔｈeirweighｔby２0ｔo2５perｃenｔ.Butmoｎthｓaftｅrthestｕｄyｅnded，theywerebaｃkｔonormalｗeightaｎdstaｙedthｅre.

Ｔhiｓｄｉdｎotmeａnｔｈatpeoｐｌｅaｒecoｍpｌeteｌｙwitｈoutｈopeｉｎcｏntroｌliｎgtheirｗｅｉght.Itmｅansthatthｏsewhoteｎdtobｅfatwillhavｅtoconsｔantlybattlethｅirgenetiｃinｈerｉtancｅiftheywａntｔosigｎifｉｃａntlyｌowertheirweｉｇｈt.

Thefinｄingsalsoｐｒoｖideｅvｉdenceforsomeｔhｉngscientiｓtｓthoughｔwaｓtruｅ-eachperｓonhasａｃomfortaｂleweightrａnｇe３.Therangemightbeasmuchas9ｋg.Sｏmeoｎeｍightweigh60－６９kgwithoｕtｔoomuｃheｆfoｒt．Ｂuｔgoingaｂｏveorbｅlｏwｔhenaｔuralwｅiｇhｔraｎgeisｄｉｆfｉcult.Ｔｈebodyrｅsisｔｓｂｙfeelingｈuｎgryorfｕｌｌandchangingtｈemetａｂolismtoｐusｈtｈeweiｇｈtbacktoｔheranｇeitsｅｅks.

练习:

１.Whatdｅterminesｙourｗｅight？ﻫA)Yoｕrworkinｇmaｎnｅr.ﻫB)Youｒeａtinghａbit.

Ｃ）Youｒlｉfestyｌe.ﻫD)Youｒgｅｎes.

２.WhatdｉdJulｅsHirｓchdｏinｈiｓstｕｄｙ?ﻫＡ)Hｅｌettheeighｔｆａtpeopｌeｓｋipsupper．

B)Heｌetｔheeiｇhtfatpｅopｌｅskiｐbrｅakfasｔ.ﻫC)Heｌetｔheeighｔfａtpeoplerｕneverymorninｇanｄevening.ﻫD）Hegaｖetheeｉgｈtfatpeopｌｅａliquidfoｒmulaprｏｖｉding6００calｏriesaday.ﻫ３.Whathappenedtothｅeightfａtpeoｐleaｆｔerｔheylefttheｈoｓpiｔal?ﻫA)Theｙwｅntmad．ﻫB)Tｈｅykｉllｅdtｈemｓeｌves.

C)Ｔheywerｅbａｃktoｎｏrmalｗeiｇht.ﻫＤ)Theｙattemｐｔedsuicｉde.ﻫ4.ＷｈatdｉｄEthanSｉmsmakeｈissｕbjｅctsdo?ﻫA)Batｔlｅtheirgeneticｉｎｈeritａnce.

B）Ｉncｒeaseｔheirweight.ﻫC)Stayaｔhoｍe．

Ｄ)Ｌowｅrtｈｅiｒweｉghｔ.

5．Wｈatdidｓcientistsｔhｉnkwａstruｅ?

A)Eａｃhpersoｎhasafｉxeｄｗeigｈtraｎgｅ.ﻫB)Eaｃhpersonhaｓaweiｇhtraｎgeof9ｋg．ﻫC）Eachｐersoｎwanｔｓｔoconｔｒolhiｓｗeｉght.

D）Eaｃhｐeｒｓｏnwantｓtｏeａttohｉsｈeaｒt’scoｎｔent．ﻫ答案与题解：

１.D问题问的是：什么决定了你的体重？A说的是：你的工作方式。B说的是：你的吃饭习惯。Ｃ说的是:你的生活风格。Ｄ说的是：你的基因。对的答案是D。第一段中有这么一句话:Ｙoｕrgenes，nｏｔyｏurlifｅｈabits,determiｎeｙｏurｗeｉghtaｎdyoｕｒbodycoｎｓtａntlyｔriｅｓtomaintaｉnit．你的基因而不是你的生活习惯决定了你的体重,因此你的身体总是试图保持它。ﻫ2.Ｄ问题问的是：JuｌesHirｓch在他的研究中做了什么?Ａ说的是:他让八个胖子不吃晚饭。Ｂ说的是:他让八个胖子不吃早饭。C说的是：他让八个胖子早晚都跑步。D说的是：他给八个胖子一种天天提供600热卡的流食配方。Ｄ是对的的。第三段有这么一句话：Ｔheywｅｒeｇｉvenaｌiｑuｉdfoｒｍｕlａｐroｖidinｇ60０caloriesaｄay.他们被给予一种流食配方，天天提供6０0热卡。ﻫ3.C问题问的是：八个胖子出院后怎么啦?A说的是:他们发疯了。Ｂ说的是：他们自杀了。Ｃ说的是：他们又回到了本来的体重。D说的是：他们试图自杀。C是对的的。第四段的最后一句话是这样的:Butmonthｓafterthestｕdyendeｄ,theｙwereｂacｋtonｏrmalweiｇhtaｎｄstaｙedtｈere.研究结束几个月后,他们的体重又回到了本来的样子并保持不变。

４.B问题问的是:ＥtｈanSiｍｓ让他的调核对象干什么?A说的是：跟他们的基因遗传物做斗争。Ｂ说的是：增长他们的重量。C说的是：呆在家里。D说的是:减少体重。第四段有一个句子是这么说的：EthanSims,oftｈｅＵniversitｙｏfVeｒmｏnｔ,gｏtprｉｓoｎｅrｓｔｏvoｌｕnteertoｇainwｅｉｇht．Vermoｎt大学的EthanSims让犯人自愿增长体重。可见B是对的的答案。

5.A问题问的是:科学家认为什么是对的？Ａ说的是：每个人的体重都有一个适当的幅度。B说的是：每个人的体重幅度是９公斤。Ｃ说的是:每个人都想控制自己的体重。D说的是:每个人都想吃得快乐。对的答案是Ａ。最后一段的第一句话是这么说的：Thefｉndｉngsａlsoprovｉdeevｉdencefｏrsｏmeｔｈingscienｔiststhoughｔｗastｒue-eachｐeｒｓonhasacomｆortableweｉgｈtｒange.结论还证实了科学家认为是对的的一点，即每个人的体重有一个适当的幅度。Propｏｎentｓofdifｆerenｔjaｚzsｔyｌｅshavｅａｌwaysarguedtｈatｔheｉrpｒedeｃessoｒ＇'ｓmｕsｉcalstyledidｎotｉncludeeｓsｅntialcｈaｒａcteristicsthａtdefinejaｚｚasjazｚ．Ｔｈus,１940''ssｗingwasbelｉtｔledbｙbｅｂoppｅrsｏｆthe１950''swhｏｗerｅtheｍsｅlvesａｔtaｃkeｄbｙfｒｅejａzzeｓoｆthe1960''s．Tｈeneoｂoppersoｆthe1980＇'sand1990＇'saｔtackedalmosｔeveryｂｏｄyelse．ＴｈｅtitanicfigureoｆBlａｃkｓaｘoｐhonisｔJohnColtranｅｈascomｐlicaｔedtｈeargumeｎtsmaｄebypropｏnentsofstyleｓfｒombebｏpthｒoｕｇhｎｅobopbecａuｓeｉｎhｉsownｍusｉcalｊourneyhedreｗfrｏmａlｌthosestyles.Hｉsｉnｆｌueｎcｅonaｌltypesofjａzzwaｓiｍmｅasurable．Attｈｅhｅightofｈiｓｐopulａrｉｔｙ，Ｃoltranｅlargｅｌyaｂanｄｏnｅdpｌayｉngbebop,thestyleｔhathadbrｏｕghthiｍfame,tｏexplｏｒｅtｈｅｏuｔerｒeａcｈesｏfjazz.ﻫCｏltｒaneｈiｍselfpｒoｂabｌybelｉevedtｈattheonlyｅssｅntｉalchａracterisｔicofjaｚｚwａsimproｖｉsａtiｏｎ，ｔhｅonecｏnstantinｈisjｏuｒｎeyfrｏmbeboｐtoopen－endedｉmproviｓatioｎｓonmodal，Iｎｄian，andＡｆｒｉcaｎmeｌodｉeｓ．Ｏｎthｅotherhａnd,thｉｓdoｇgｅｄsｔudentaｎdprｏdigioustechniciａn—whoiｎsistｅdｏnｓpｅnｄｉｎghoursｅachｄayｐractｉcｉngscaｌｅsｆｒomｔheｏrｙbooks—ｗasｎeverａｂｌetojeｔtisonｃompｌｅtelｙtheinflueｎceofbebop，ｗithiｔsｆａstandelaboraｔechａinｓoｆｎoteｓandoｒnａmentsonmelody.ﻫTwoｓtylisticｃhａrａctｅｒistｉcssｈaｐedthewａyCoｌtraｎeｐlayedthｅｔｅnorｓaxｏpｈｏne：hｅfａvorｅdｐlaｙingｆastrｕnsofnｏｔesbuilｔonamelｏdyａnｄdependｅdｏnheavy，ｒegｕｌarlyaccentedbeａｔs．ThｅfirsｔlｅｄColｔraneｔosheｅｔsoｆsouｎd”wherｅheraｃedfａsteraｎdｆasteｒ,ｐile-drivingｎotesinｔoeａｃhotheｒtoｓuｇｇeststaｃkedharmonies．Thｅｓecondmeａntthａthissｅｎｓeoｆｒhythmwaｓaｌmostasｃlosｅtoroｃkastｏbeboｐ.ﻫＴhreeｒecｏrdingsiｌlustrateCｏlｔrane＇'senergiｚingeｘplｏrａtiｏｎs.RecorｄｉngKinｄofBluewｉthMilｅsDaviｓ,Coltranｅfouｎdhiｍseｌfouｔsidebop,exploｒingmodalmeloｄｉｅs.Heｒehepｌayeｄｓｕｒgｉng,lengｔhｙsoｌoｓbuiltlargeｌyaroｕndｒepeatedｍotｉfs—ａnorganｉzingｐrinｃiｐlｅunlikeｔhatoffreejazzｓaxｏｐhｏneplayerＯrｎetｔeCｏlｅｍan,whｏｍｏdulatedoraltereｄｍelodiｅsｉｎｈｉssｏlos.ＯnGｉａｎtＳteｐs,Cｏltrａｎｅdｅbutedaｓlｅader,iｎｔrｏｄｕｃinghiｓowncomｐoｓitｉons.Herethｅshｅｅｔsoｆｓoｕnd,ｄownbeatacｃeｎtｓ，repｅtitions,andｇreatspeeｄａrepａｒtoｆeachsoｌo,aｎdtｈｅｖarietyoftheshａpesofhｉｓphraｓesisunique.Ｃolｔrane''sseａrcｈingｅxplｏraｔionsｐroduｃｅdsoｌiｄaｃhｉeｖemeｎt.MyFavorｉteＴhiｎｇｓwasanｏtherｋiｎdofwaｔershed.HeｒｅColtrａneplaｙedtｈｅsoprａｎｏsaxophｏne,aninstｒｕｍentseｌdomusedbｙjazzmｕsiciａns.Muｓicalｌy,thereｓultｓwerｅaｓｔｏunｄing．Withｔｈesoｐrano''spiｐingsoｕnd,ideaｓtｈaｔhaｄsounｄedｄａｒkａｎdｂroodinｇacquiredａfeelingofｇｉdｄyfantａｓｙ.

ＷheｎColtｒanebegａnrecordingfoｒｔhｅＩmpuｌse！Laｂel,ｈｅｗasstiｌｌseaｒching.Hiｓmusｉcbｅcameraucｏus,physical．Ｈisiｎfluencｅｏnｒockeｒswasenorｍous，ｉncｌudｉngＪiｍｉHｅndriｘ,therockguitarisｔ,ｗｈo,fｏllowiｎgColtrａｎe，raisedｔheexteｎdedguｉｔarｓｏｌｏusｉnｇrｅpeateｄmotifstoaｋindofrockartfoｒm．ﻫTheprｉmarｙpurpｏsｅofｔｈetexｔｉｓtoﻫ[A]diｓcussｔｈeplaceofColtｒaneinｔｈeworldofjazｚaｎddeｓcｒibｅhｉｓmusicａlexplｏｒatｉｏns．

[B]ｅｘａminethenａtｕrｅofｂeｂopａnｄcoｎｔｒastitｗitｈｉｍpｒovisａtｉonａljaｚz.

[C]anａlyzethｅmuｓicalsｏurcesｏｆCｏｌtｒane＇'sstyleandｔheirinfluencｅonhiswork.ﻫ［D]acknowlｅdgetheｉｎfluencｅｏfColtrane''smuｓiconrｏckmusicａndrockmusｉcｉａnｓ.ﻫWhicｈoｆthefollｏwingbeｓtdescｒiｂesthｅｏｒgａnizａｔiｏｎoｆｔhefｏurtｈｐaｒagrapｈ?

[A]Ａtｈesisrefeｒredtoeaｒlieｒiｎｔｈetextismｅｎｔiｏnedandｉlluｓtratｅｄwithtｈｒｅespeciｆicexaｍpｌes.ﻫ[Ｂ]Ａthesisｉsstatedaｎｄｔhｒｅｅexａｍplesaregｉvenｅachsuｇｇestingthatacｏｒｒeｃtionneｅdｓｔobeｍadetoatｈｅsisｒeferrｅｄtoｅarlｉｅrinｔhｅtext.ﻫ[C]Athesｉｓrefeｒｒedｔｏearlｉerｉntｈeteｘtiｓmeｎｔiｏｎed，andthreeｅxamplesarepresenteｄaｎdraｎkedinorｄeｒoftheｉｒsｕｐpｏrtofthethesｉs.ﻫ[D]Atheｓiｓｉsstatｅd，tｈreｅｓｅemｉｎglｙopｐosiｎgｅxamplesａｒeprｅｓｅnｔed,andtheirunderlyingcｏrrespｏndeｎceisexplaｉnｅd．ﻫAccｏrdingtothetexｔ,JohnCoｌtranｅdidalloｆthefolｌowｉngduriｎghisｃarｅｅrEXCEPTﻫ［A］impｒoviseonmelodiｅsｆroｍanumｂerofｄｉffereｎtｃｕltureｓ．

[B]ｐerfｏrmasleaｄeraswｅllassoｌoist.ﻫ[Ｃ]speｎdtimeimprovinghiｓteｃhnｉcaｌskills．ﻫ[D]elimｉnaｔetheinflｕｅｎｃeｏｆbeｂｏponhｉsｏwnｍuｓiｃ.ﻫAccordiｎgｔoｔhetextamaｊordiffｅreｎｃeｂeｔwｅenＣoｌtrａｎeandotheｒjazzmｕsiｃianｓwastｈｅﻫ［A]dｅｇreetowhichColtrane＇＇smusicencｏmpassｅdallｏfjazz.ﻫ[B］ｒｅｐetitioｎofｍｏtifsthaｔColｔｒａｎeｕsｅdinhiｓsoｌoｓ.ﻫ[Ｃ］nuｍｂｅrofhisowncoｍpositｉonstｈaｔColｔｒanerｅcｏrded.

[D]iｎdｉffeｒｅnｃeCｏltｒａnｅmaintaｉnedtomｕsｉcaltechnique.

Iｎtｅrmsofitstonｅandｆorm,ｔhｅｔexｔｃanbeｓｔｂechaｒacｔｅrizedas

[Ａ]dogmatｉcｅxpｌanatｉon．

[B］indｉgｎanｔｄｅnial.

[C]en