江西省九江市石化中学高二英语期末试卷含解析

江西省九江市石化中学高二英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindowforsomefreshair?－_______

A.Whynot? B.Yes,helpyourself.

C.Goahead,please. D.Yes,butyou’dbetternot.参考答案：C2.Who______itbethathasn’thandeditinyesterday.

It_______beBob.Hehandeditinyesterday.

A.can;mustn’t

B.must;can

C.can;can’t

D.may;mustn’t参考答案：C3.Canyouclimbthattree,myboy?

________?A.I

B.Myself

C.Mine

D.Me参考答案：D4.Theoldmanmade______clearthathewouldretiresoon.

A.that

B.this

C.it

D.them参考答案：C5.Canyouimaginewhatproblemmay_____whenhumanbeingsarecloned?A.raise

B.cause

C.arise

D.lead参考答案：C6.Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps________formthelibrary.A.toborrow

B.tobeborrowed

C.borrowed

D.borrowing参考答案：C7.Nosoonerhadthespaceshipbeen_____intospacethanitexploded,killingallthecrewmembers_____.A.putup…aboard

B.launched…onboard

C.sentup…ontheboard

D.takenoff…onboard参考答案：B8.Ihave

onmyconsciencethatImayhaveoffendedyoulastnight?A．this

B．that

C．those

D．it

参考答案：D9.HowIwishtheSpringFestivalGalain2014__________manymoreviewersthanbefore.A.willattract

B.couldappealto

Chadabsorbed

D.wouldappearto参考答案：B10.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark________youhaveaquestion.A.atwhich B.where C.theplacewhere

D.theplaceatwhich参考答案：B11.Thewritinghaslostitcolor1throughtheyears____itisimpossibletoreadthepage.A.eventhoughB.asifC.inorderthatD.sothat参考答案：D12.

—Idon'tbelievethatJohncanrememberwhattherobberwaslike．—You'requitewrong.lknowitwasdark.buthe

therobber'sface—I'msureofit！A．hadseen

B．wasseeing

C．didsee

D．wouldsee参考答案：C13.OneoftheEnglishteachersKateeventually__________herprojecttotheschoolboardfortheirapprovalofthespeechcontest.A.admitted

B.permitted

C.submitted

D.recommend参考答案：C14.SeparatedfromEuropeanmainland,Britainis

dependentonimportsforitsrawmaterials.

A.poorly

B.hardly

C.likely

D.heavily参考答案：D15.Throughouttheyearovertwomillionpeopleareexpectedtodirectly___Japan2005,aseriesoffestivalsandperformancestakingplacearoundthe

country.

A.visit

B.participatein

C.involve

D.cometo参考答案：B略16.．Whilestudying,fixyourmindonwhatisreallyimportant,oryouwill_____

rememberingnothing.

A．endup

B．takeup

C．leadto

D．resultfrom参考答案：A17.—AreyougoingtoTom’sbirthdayparty?—_____.Imighthavetowork.A.Itdepends

B.Thankyou

C.Soundgreat

D.Don’tmentionit参考答案：A18.IforgetwhereIreadthearticle,orI_______ittoyounow.

A.wouldshowB.willshow

C.amtoshow

D.amshowing参考答案：A略二、填空19.对比填空decrease，reduce①Theworkerswantto________thenumberofworkinghoursandincreasepay.②Shegreatly________thespeedoftheship,fortherewasdangeriftravelledtooquickly.参考答案：①decrease②reduced20.Arecentstudypointsoutaso-called“gender-equalityparadox(性别平等悖论)”:therearemorewomeninSTEM(science,technology,engineering,mathematics)incountrieswithlowergenderequality.Whydowomenmakeup40percentofengineeringmajorsinJordan,butonly34percentinSwedenand19percentintheU.S.?TheresearcherssuggestthatwomenarejustlessinterestedinSTEM,andwhenliberalWesterncountriesletthemchoosefreely,theyfreelychoosedifferentfields.Wedisagree.Fromcradletoclassroom,awealthofresearchshowsthattheenvironmenthasamajorinfluenceongirls’interestandabilityinmathandscience.Earlyinschool,teachers,unconsciousprejudicepushgirlsawayfromSTEM.Bytheirpreteenyears,girlsoutperformboysinscienceclassandreportequalinterestinthesubject,butparentsthinkthatscienceisharderandlessinterestingfortheirdaughtersthantheirsons,andthesemisunderstandingspredicttheirchildren’scareerchoices.Laterinlife,womengetlesscreditthanmenforthesamemathperformance.WhenfemaleSTEMmajorswritetopotentialPhDadvisors,theyarelesslikelytogetaresponse.WhenSTEMprofessorsreviewapplicationsforresearchpositions,theyarelesslikelytohire“Jennifer”than“John,”evenwhenbothapplicationsareotherwiseidentical—andiftheydohire“Jennifer,”theypayher$4,000less.ThesefindingsmakeitclearthatwomeninWesterncountriesarenotfreelyexpressingtheirlackof“interest”inSTEM.Infact,culturalattitudesanddiscriminationareshapingwomen’sinterestsinawaythatisanythingbutfree,eveninotherwisefreecountries.“Gender-equalityparadox”researchmissesthosesocialfactorsbecauseitreliesonabroadmeasureofequalitycalledtheGenderGapIndex(GGI),whichtracksindicatorssuchaswagedifference,governmentrepresentationandhealthoutcomes.Theseareimportantmarkersofprogress,butifwewanttoexplainsomethingascomplicatedasgenderrepresentationinSTEM,wehavetolookintopeople’sheads.Fortunately,wehavewaystodothat.TheImplicitAssociationTest(IAT)isawell-validatedtoolformeasuringhowtightlytwoconceptsaretiedtogetherinpeople’sminds.ThepsychologistBrianNosekandhiscolleaguesanalyzedover500,000responsestoaversionoftheIATthatmeasuresmentalassociationsbetweenmen/womenandscience,andcomparedresultsfrom34countries.Acrosstheworld,peopleassociatedsciencemorestronglywithmenthanwithwomen.Butsurprisingly,thesegenderedassociationswerestrongerinsupposedlyegalitarian(主张平等的)SwedenthantheywereintheU.S.,andthemostpro-femalescorescamefromJordan.Were-analyzedthestudy’sdataandfoundthattheGGI’sassessmentofoverallgenderequalityofacountryhasnothingtodowiththatcountry’sscoresonthescienceIAT.ThatmeanstheGGIfailstoaccountforculturalattitudestowardwomeninscienceandthecomplicatedmixofhistoryandculturethatformsthoseattitudes.ComparisonArecentstudyTheauthor’sideaOpinions“Gender-equalityparadox”___71___fromthepersonalreasonthatwomenarelessinterestedinSTEM.Theenvironmentincludingculturalattitudesanddiscriminationis___72___women’sinterests.Facts___73___withJordanandSweden,Americahadtheleastpercentageofwomenmajoringinengineering.?Earlyinschool:Girlsperform___74___thanboysinscience.?Laterinlife:FemaleSTEMmajorsaremorelikelytobe___75___bypotentialPhDadvisors.ToolsItis___76___onGGI.IAT___77___howtightlytwoconceptsaretiedtogetherinpeople’sminds.FindingsWomeninliberalWesterncountriestendto___78___STEM.?TheGGFsassessmentofoverallgenderequalityisnot___79___tothatcountry’sscoresonthescienceIAT.?TheGGIcan’t____80____people’sculturalattitudestowardswomeninscience,whichareformedbyamixofhistoryandculture.

参考答案：71.results/comes/originates/arises

72.influencing/shaping/affecting/determining

73.Compared

74.better

75.rejected/refused

76.based/built/reliant

77.measures

78.avoid

79.related

80.explain本文为议论文。本文主要介绍了在STEM（科学、技术、工程、数学）领域为何女性少于男性进行了论证。大量的研究表明，这是因为环境、文化态度及歧视影响了女孩的兴趣。71.考查综合判断能力及固定搭配。本文主要讲述最近的研究及作者对“性别平等悖论”的看法。分析整个文章可知，从个人原因来看，女性对STEM的兴趣不大的原因很多，即由于不同的原因造成女性对STEM不感兴趣。都由“因为，由于”，故可填results/comes/originates/arises，72.考查综合判断。分析Theenvironmentincludingculturalattitudesanddiscriminationis___2___women’sinterests可知，本句中缺少谓语动词的一部分。根据文章第三段第一句“awealthofresearchshowsthattheenvironmenthasamajorinfluenceongirls’interest”….Infact,culturalattitudesanddiscriminationareshapingwomen’sinterestsinaway（大量的研究表明，环境、文化态度及歧视对女孩的兴趣有很大的影响）。文中说环境影响了女孩的兴题，haveaninflence与动词inflence意思相同。因此，本空可填动词“影响或决定”，可用influence/shape/affect/determine，但本题前有系动词is，可知要用进行时，故填influencing/shaping/affecting/determining。73.考查固定搭配。根据第一段中的incountrieswithlowergenderequality.Whydowomenmakeup40percentofengineeringmajorsinJordan,butonly34percentinSwedenand19percentintheU.S.?TheresearcherssuggestthatwomenarejustlessinterestedinSTEM,可知，约旦女性占工程专业的40%，而瑞典只有34%，美国占19%。因此与约旦和瑞典相比，美国女性对STEM的兴趣比较小。分析__3___withJordanandSweden,Americahadtheleastpercentageofwomenmajoringinengineering.可知，本处填固定搭配，comparedwith…，“与…相比”。故填compared。74.考查综合分析能力。分析Earlyinschool:Girlsperform___4___thanboysinscience.与本句相符。根据第空后的than可知，本句为比较级。第三段中的Earlyinschool,teachers,unconsciousprejudicepushgirlsawayfromSTEM.Bytheirpreteenyears,girlsoutperformboysinscienceclassandreportequalinterestinthesubject（在学校的早期，教师，无意识的偏见推动女孩远离STEM。到了接近青春期的时候，女孩们在科学课上表现得比男生好，并且对这门课也有同样的兴趣。）句中的outperform，意为“做得比…更好，胜过”，其同义词为“betterthan”，因此第4题应该填better。75.考查综合能力。分析句子Laterinlife:FemaleSTEMmajorsaremorelikelytobe___5rejected/refused___bypotentialPhDadvisors.可知，文中的Laterinlife,womengetlesscreditthanmenforthesamemathperformance.WhenfemaleSTEMmajorswritetopotentialPhDadvisors,theyarelesslikelytogetaresponse.可知，在以后的生活中，女性在数学成绩上得到的表扬比男性少。当做STEM专业的女性学生写信给潜在的博士顾问时，她们不太可能得到回应。由此可判断不回应即被他们拒绝（reject/refuse），根据第5题后的___bypotentialPhDadvisors.可知要用过去分词，故填rejected/refused。76.考查固定搭配。分析Itis___6___onGGI.可知第六段第一句“Gender-equalityparadox”researchmissesthosesocialfactorsbecauseitreliesonabroadmeasureofequalitycalledtheGenderGapIndex(GGI),“性别平等悖论”研究忽视了这些社会因素，因为它依赖于一种被称为性别差距指数（GGI）的宽泛衡量标准。依赖于GGI，即以GGI为基础。“以…为基础”，与“bebasedon/berelianton/bebuilton”是同义词组。因此第6小题可填based/built/reliant。77.考查动词。分析IAT___7___howtightlytwoconceptsaretiedtogetherinpeople’sminds，根据第七段中的第二句“TheImplicitAssociationTest(IAT)isawell-validatedtoolformeasuringhowtightlytwoconceptsaretiedtogetherinpeople’sminds.”IAT是一种很好的工具，用于测量两个概念在人们的头脑中紧密联系在一起的程度。即IAT测量（measure）两个概念如何紧密结合在人们的头脑中。而第7小题中正是缺少谓语动词，故填measures。78.考查综合分析能力。分析WomeninliberalWesterncountriestendto___

8___STEM.

Avoid，根据第四段第三句“WhenSTEMprofessorsreviewapplicationsforresearchpositions,theyarelesslikelytohire“Jennifer”than“John,””STEM教授看研究职位的申请时，他们更有可能雇用“约翰”（男性的标志）不太可能雇佣“珍妮佛”（女性的标志）。由此可判断出是女性避免（avoid）选择STEM。因此第8小题，根据tendto可知，要用动词原形avoid。79.考查固定搭配。分析TheGGFsassessmentofoverallgenderequalityisnot___9___tothatcountry’sscoresonthescienceIAT.可知，本句与第八段最后一句“Were-analyzedthestudy’sdataandfoundthattheGGI’sassessmentofoverallgenderequalityofacountryhasnothingtodowiththatcountry’sscoresonthescienceIAT.”我们重新分析了该研究的数据，发现GGI对一个国家的总体性别平等的评价与该国在科学IAT上的得分无关。havenothingtodowith…为固定搭配，意为“与….无关”，与benotrelatedto…（意为“与….无关”）是同义词组，由此可知第9题要填related。80.考查固定搭配。分析TheGGIcan’t___10___people’sculturalattitudestowardswomeninscience,whichareformedbyamixofhistoryandculture，根据最后一段ThatmeanstheGGIfailstoaccountforculturalattitudestowardwomeninscienceandthecomplicatedmixofhistoryandculturethatformsthoseattitudes.这意味着GGI未能解释科学界对女性的文化态度和形成这些态度的历史和文化的复杂混合。failstoaccountforculturalattitudes未能对这种文化态度及形成做出解释，failstoaccountfor和can’texplain.是同义词组，故本空填explain。三、阅读理解21.Australianshavebeenwarnedtheyfacealifeordeathdecisionovertheirwater——drinkrecycledsewage(污水)ordie.Withthedrought(干旱)continuing,thecountryissettobeforcedtousepurifiedwastewaterfordrinking,evenifthereisgreatoppositiontothemeasureQueenslandhasbecomethefirststatetointroducethepolicyafterawarningfromitspremier.“Ithinkintheend,becauseofthedrought,

allofAustraliaisgoingtoendupdrinkingrecycledpurifiedwater,”saidformerPremierPeterBeattie.“Thesearedifficultdecisions,butyoueitherdrinkwateroryoudie.There’snochoice.It’sliquidgold,itamatteroflifeanddeath.”BeattiesaidAustralia’ssecondlargeststatewouldbecomethefirsttouserecycledwaterfordrinking.WaterisrecycledinBritainandpartsofnorthernEuropealongwiththeUSandIsrael．ButAustralianshaveneverlikedtheidea．TotrytochangethewayAustraliansthink,JohnHoward

and

EnvironmentMinisterMalcolmTurnbullhaveSupportedQueensland’smove.“IamverystronglyforrecyclingandMrBeattieisrightandIagreewithhimcompletely,”Howardsaid．“Australiancities,allnowfacingwatershortagesbecauseoftheworstdroughtonrecord,muststarttouserecycledwater,”addedTurnbull.“Allofourbigcitieshavetowidentherangeofwatersourcestoincludesourceswhicharenotdependentonrainfall.”36.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Australiansfacethechoiceoflifeanddeath．B.ContinuingdroughtforcesAustralianstodrinkrecycledsewage．C.MrBeattieisworriedabouthispeople’shealth．D.Weshouldavoiddrinkingrecycledwatertokeephealthy．37.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.ThedroughtistheworstoneinthedroughtsrecordedinAustralianhistory．B.Australia’slargeststatehasbecomethefirststatetointroducethepolicy．C.NoothercountriesbutAustraliadecidestodrinkrecycledwater．D.Nobodydisagreestotheideaofdrinkingrecycledpurifiedwater．38.ItcanbeinferredfromwhatPeterBeattiesaidthat_________.A.hegivesorderstodrinkpurifiedwastewater.B.ifthedecisionismade,peoplewon'tsurvivethedroughtC.itispainfulforhimtoseehispeopledrinkrecycledsewageD.it'suptoyoutomakealifeordeathdecision参考答案：BAC22.DearReader，TodayIamgoingtoaskyoutosupportWikipediawithadonation.Wikipediaisbuiltdifferentlyfromalmosteveryothertop50website.Wehaveasmallnumberofpaidstaff，justtwenty-three.Wikipediacontentisfreetousebyanyoneforanypurpose.Ourannualexpensesarelessthansixmilliondollars.Wikipediaisrunbythenon-profitWikimediaFoundation，whichIfoundedin2003.Wikipediaisdrivenbyaglobalcommunityofmorethan150,000volunteers—alldevotedtosharingknowledgefreely.Overalmosteightyears，thesevolunteers

have

contributed

more

than11millionarticlesin265languages.Morethan275millionpeoplecometoourwebsiteeverymonthtoaccessinformation，freeofchargeandfreeofadvertising.ButWikipediaismorethanawebsite.Weshareacommoncause：Imagineaworldinwhicheverysinglepersonontheplanetisgivenfreeaccesstothesumofallhumanknowledge.That’sourcommitment.Yourdonationhelpsusinseveralways.Mostimportantly，youwillhelpuscovertheincreasingcostofmanagingglobaltraffictooneofthemostpopularwebsitesontheInternet.FundsalsohelpusimprovethesoftwarethatrunsWikipedia—makingiteasiertosearch，easiertoread，andeasiertowritefor.Wearecommittedtoincreasing