2023年高考一轮复习英语阅读理解满分攻略考点11-推理判断之引申推断高考真题(含详解)

考点11-推理判断之引申推断-练高考-心中有数

1.A【2022.新高考I卷】

GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature

GradingScale

90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.

Essays(60%)

Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay

2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.

GroupAssignments(30%)

Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作业)duringthecourse.Alltheassignmentswill

besubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.

DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)

Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwritingsor

testsdrawndiiectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportantto

takecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassor

shortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.

LateWork

Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnot

turnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillget

azero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.

1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademicarticle.

2.Howmanypartsisastudent'sfinalgrademadeupof?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

3.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?

A.Ybuwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.

C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Ybuwillhavetorewriteit.

2.C[2022•新高考I卷】

Theelderlyresidents(居民)incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookaftertostopthemfeeling

lonely.

Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善组织）toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople's

wellbeing.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomes

havereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.

Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:"IusedtokeephenswhenIwas

youngerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.

“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutanddownthere

againatnighttoseethey'vegonetobed.^^

“It'sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidents

comeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.Tmenjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomething

useful.^^

Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhas

beengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.

WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:

"Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefits

andfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”

LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:"Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwill

reallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.

8.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?

A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes.B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfortheaged.

C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch.D.Topromotetheelderlypeople'swelfare.

9.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?

A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.B.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement.

C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.D.Shehasdevelopedastrongpersonality.

10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon“meaninparagraph7?

A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.

11.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itneedstobemorecreative.

C.Itishighlyprofitable.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.

3.D[2022•全国高考乙卷】

TheGovernment'ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinistersfirstpredictedit

wouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.

FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper

100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity（月巴胖）.Itisbelievedthattoday'schildrenandteenagers

areconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.

Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake£520mayearfortheTreasury.However,dataofthefirstsix

monthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate£240mfortheyear

endinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.

Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturers（制

造商）sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultof

manufacturers*effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.Since库rildrinkscompanieshavebeen

forcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugar

content.

However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingto

changeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,

asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthanImlitresperyear.

Today'sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingby

raisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities（设施）andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationto

haveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.

12.Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?

A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.

C.Toprotectchildren'shealth.D.Toencourageresearchineducation.

13.Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?

A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.

C.Theycutdownontheirproduction.D.Theyreducedtheirproducts'sugarcontent.

14.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?

AMostalcoholicdrinks.B.Milk-baseddrinks.C.Fruitjuices.D.ClassicCoke.

15.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?

A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.

C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.

4.B[2021・英语全国甲卷】

PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding（繁育）programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblack

rhinocalf（犀牛幼崽）.WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuai'y31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornat

thereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknown

forbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity（圈养）.

PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:"Obviouslywe'reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcome

anothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She'shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,

Solio,isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It'sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,

butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplaying

everyday.”

Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthe

calveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPort

LympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherand

greatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.

AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,giving

therhinosa''criticallyendangered^^status.

7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPornLympneReserve?

A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.

B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.

C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.

D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.

5.C【2021・英语全国甲卷】

WhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuary

morning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendless

blue-skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.

Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuous

crashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.1lovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeour

ownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,

whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（横杆），Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycame

over,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboards

loud,shouting:"Safe!Safe!Safe!”Andthat'swhatmattered——landingtricks,beingagoodskater.

WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarless

welcoming.Withinacoupleofyears,I'dgivenitup.

WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,1foundmyself'wanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.Tve

traveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear:touristsandLondoners

stoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving（穿梭）amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothe

beam.Thenarail-thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT—shill,skidded（滑）uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.He

seemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances,wasalocalhere20yearsago,“

Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead."Safe,man.Safe.”

“YeahJIsaid."Safe.”

8.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?

A.Hefeltdisappointed.B.Hegaveuphishobby.

C.Helikedtheweatherthere.D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.

6.D【2021・英语全国甲卷】

Whoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.

Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewant

togobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmore

intelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?

Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthis

isnotasurprise.It*ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissionto

thegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub——women,orpeopleofadifferent

colororbelief-theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.

AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythat

membersoftheirgender（性别）are“really,reallysmart."Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:

Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare"really,reallysmart.Canourplanet

affordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:

absolutelynot.

Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashes

ofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors（因素）likegender,

race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith

^intelligence,creativity,perseverance（毅力），andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.M

13.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?

A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.

B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.

C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.

D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs

7.B【2021・全国高考乙卷】

Whenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingfora

landline（座机）?

Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn'townamobile

phone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecalls

anywhere,anytime.

Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter（29%）relyonly

ontheirsmartphonesaccordingtoasurvey（调查）.OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcede

thatifsnotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket——19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhilea

further13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.

MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor

（因素）一only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBaby

Boomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn'ttheonlyfactor;Tdsayit'salsotodo

withthemakeupofyourhousehold.

GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephone

ratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoever

ringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscalling

beforewepickupthephone（usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit）.

Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilk

deliveries?

27.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?

A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.

B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.

C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.

D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.

8.D12021・全国高考乙卷】

Duringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedby

thelevelofdistraction（干扰）inhisopenoffice,hesaid,"That'swhyIhaveamembershipattheco-workingspace

acrossthestreet—soIcanfocus”.Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,co-workingspacesalsotypically

useanopenofficelayout（布局）.ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.

Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.

Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotal

silenceto50decibels（分贝）,70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswere

statisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoise

similartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop-significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffects

weresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85

decibelsofbackgroundnoise.

Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackground

noise——nottooloudandnottotalsilence——mayactuallyimproveone'screativethinkingability.Therightlevel

ofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowandei;

withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof"distractedfbcus^^appearstobethebeststateforworkingon

creativetasks.

Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan'tstop

ourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers'conversationswhilewe'retryingtofocus.Indeed,theresearchersfound

thatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetaco-workingspaceoracoffee

shopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.

35.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.He'sanewsreporter.

B.He'sanofficemanager.

C.He'saprofessionaldesigner.

D.He'sapublishedwriter.

9.C12021・全国新高考I卷】

WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithan

astonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.

Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartof

theseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl（水禽）werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverly

ambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,

greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.

In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct（Act）,anincreasinglyconcernednation

tookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory（迁徙的）waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.

UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuck

Stamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding"Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDes

Moines,Iowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauof

BiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.

About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundto

purchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem-afactthatensures

thislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollars

hasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStamp

Programhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.291

30.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?

A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.

C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.

10.B【2020•浙江卷】

ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydon'tflashthesamelengthof

greentwiceinarow,especiallyatrushhour.At9:30am,thefullred/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140

seconds.By9:33am,aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9:37amcouldpushit

downto135.Justlikethetrafficitself,thetimingofthesignalschanges.

Thatisbydesign.Bellevue,afast-growingcityjusteastofSeattle,usesasystemthatisgainingpopularity

aroundtheUS:intersection（十字路口）signalsthatcanadjustinrealtimetotrafficconditions.Theselights,known

asadaptivesignals,haveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.

''Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed,saysAlex

Stevanovic,aresearcheratFloridaAtlanticUniversity.

ForallofBellevue'ssuccess,adaptivesignalsarenotacure-allforjammedroadways.KevinBalke,aresearch

engineerattheTexasA&MUniversityTransportationInstitute,saysthatwhilesmartlightscanbeparticularly

beneficialforsomecities,othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwill

makeameaningfuldifference."Ifsnotgoingtofixeverything,butadaptivesignalshavesomebenefitsforsmaller

cities,^^hesays.

InBellevue,theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches.Inthe

past,therewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic:justwidentheroads,saysMarkPoch,theBellevue

TransportationDepartment'strafficengineeringmanager.Nowhehopesthatothercitieswillconsidermakingtheir

streetsrunsmarterinsteadofjustmakingthembigger.

26.WhatdoesKevinBalkesayaboutadaptivesignals?

A.Theyworkbetteronbroadroads.

B.Theyshouldbeusedinothercities.

C.Theyhavegreatlyreducedtrafficontheroad.

D.Theyarelesshelpfulincitiesseriouslyjammed.

27.WhatcanwelearnfromBellevue'ssuccess?

A.Itisrewardingtotrynewthings.B.Theoldmethodsstillworktoday.

C.Ipaystoputtheoryintopractice.D.Thesimplestwayisthebestway.

11.C【2020•浙江卷】

Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmight

helpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage,astudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalNeuivlogysuggests.

ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,000retiredworkerswhowere

overage75andassessedthevolunteers1memoryandthinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.Then,foreightyears,

thescientistsaskedthesamegrouptocomebacktothelabevery18monthstotakethesamesortsoftests.

Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating（刺激），demandingjobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebeston

thetests.Andtheytendedtolosecognitive（认矢口）functionatamuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleastmentally

challengingjobs.Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants?overallhealthstatus.

“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise,saysFranciscaThen,wholedthestudy."Afteralongrun,youmay

feellikeyou'reinpain,youmayfeeltired.Butitmakesyoufit.Afteralongdayatwork-sure,youwillfeeltired,

butitcanhelpyourbrainstayhealthy.9,

It'snotjustcorporatejobs,orevenpaidworkthatcanhelpkeepyourbrainfit,Thenpointsout.Awaiter'sjob,

forexample,thatrequiresmultitasking,teamworkanddecision-makingcouldbejustasstimulatingasany

high-levelofficework.And"runningafamilyhouseholdrequireshigh-levelplanningandcoordinating（协调），”

shesays."Ybuhavetoorganizetheactivitiesofthechildrenandtakecareofthebillsandgroceries.9,

Ofcourse,ourbrainscandeclineaswegrowolderforlotsofreasons-includingotherenvironmental

influencesorgeneticfactors.Still,continuingtochallengeyourselfmentallyandkeepingyourmindbusycanonly

help.304

29.HowdoesFranciscaThenexplainherfindingsinparagraph4?

A.Byusinganexpertswords.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C.Byreferringtoanotherstudy.D.Byintroducingaconcept.

12.B【2020.全国新高考H山东卷】

JeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursueho*goalofearninga

nursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireand

becamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.

Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfrom

thefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,

workingtopayhertuition（学费）,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.After

graduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.

Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvanceher

careerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-Eau

ClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-year

degreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceived

greatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtocarherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,and

her68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.

Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed（牺牲）

toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy“Somenightsmy

heartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,“shesays.However,her

childrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generation

graduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat'sprettypowerful.

7.WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer'sstory?（）

A.Timeismoney.B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.

C.Hardworkpaysoff.D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.

13.D【2020・全国新高考II山东卷】

AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabits

ofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushould

avoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份），it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneed

toavoid.

Totesttheeffectofserialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,

95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly（表面上）participateinastudyabout

movieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbythe

researchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasesshewore

aspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.

Bo