浙江高考英语新题型“概要写作”说课讲解

高考新题型之概要(gàiyào)写作Summary第一页，共33页。whatthesummarywritingisthecriteriaofagoodsummaryhowtowriteagoodsummary1235Afterthisclass,youwillbeabletoknow:第二页，共33页。《普通高等学校招生全国统一(tǒngyī)考试英语科考试说明》概要写作：提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容(nèiróng)概要。（满分25分）词数少于40的和多余(duōyú)80的，从总分中减去2分第三页，共33页。评分(píngfēn)原则1、本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。2、评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定(quèdìng)其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定(quèdìng)或调整档次，最后给分。3、词数少于40的和多于80的，从总分中减去2分。第四页，共33页。评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑(kǎolǜ)： (1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况； (2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性； (3)上下文的连贯性； (4)对各要点表达的独立性情况；第五页，共33页。第六页，共33页。第七页，共33页。Narration（记叙文）Exposition（说明文）FormsofLiteratureArgumentation(议论文）第八页，共33页。Argumentation(议论文）TopicSupportingideasConclusion第九页，共33页。概要写作（满分25分）

阅读下面(xiàmian)短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。(Para1)Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,

thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.第十页，共33页。(Para2)Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardanger

wasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.So

didthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirt

inafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakena

bath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.

(Para3)Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighbor

eversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshave

movedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea;clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?

(Para4)Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,an

Americanimmunologist(免疫学家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmune

system.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.第十一页，共33页。ThereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirtStep1:Read①topicsentence:②structureFindoutthetopicsentenceofeachparagraphthink,believe,consider,regard,argue,support,beconvincedthat,inone’sopinion,fromone’spointofviewYoumayneedtopayattentiontosomewordslike:第十二页，共33页。

Para2:Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardanger

wasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.So

didthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirt

inafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakena

bath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.

ExamplesofsomeEuropeancountries第十三页，共33页。(Para3)Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighbor

eversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshave

movedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea;clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?

第十四页，共33页。(Para4)Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,an

Americanimmunologist(免疫学家),encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmune

system.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.第十五页，共33页。Step2:Makeanoutline

Topic:Thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirtsuppor-tingIdeas(Para2)(Para3)nowadays(Para4)

Inthe16thcenturysince18thcenturyPeoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease…hasnolongerbeenregardedas…cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth…encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmune

system第十六页，共33页。

Step3:Rewritethesentencesinotherways

①Thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.different,mixed,various反义转换(zhuǎnhuàn)opinions,views,ideas同义词替换(tìhuàn)▲People’sattitudestodirtvaryindifferenttimes.towards句型(jùxínɡ)转换▲Peopleholddifferentopinionstowardsdirtovertime.

▲Theattitudestodirtisnotalwaysthesame.第十七页，共33页。②Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease.Haveatry!第十八页，共33页。②Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease.think:believe,hold,consider,insist,argue,areconvincedthat….同义词替换(tìhuàn)blockoutdisease:prevent/protect/keepaway…fromillness;Onepossibleversion:②Inthe16thcentury,peoplebelievedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.第十九页，共33页。③….dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.washoff,getridofbenefit,isbeneficialto,dogoodto,contributeto…Onepossibleversion:③Peoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtabout200yearsago.Peoplehavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.第二十页，共33页。④Nowadays,…encouragespeopletoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmune

system.④Onepossibleversion:Nowadays,somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem.Peopleareencouragedto…语态(yǔtài)转换beexposedto..believe,support,agree,approve….第二十一页，共33页。①Peopleholdmixedopinions

towardsdirtonourskin.②Inthe16thcentury,peopleofsomeEuropeancountries,suchasFrance,believedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.③Peoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtmorethan200yearsago.Theyhavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.④Nowadays,somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem.However,Nevertheless/But/However③people

AddtwolinkingwordstomakethepassagecoherentStep4:Makethesummarycoherent④nowadays,

第二十二页，共33页。Step5:Revise(67words)Peopleholdmixedopinions

towardsdirtonourskin.Inthe16thcentury,peopleofsomeEuropeancountriesbelievedthatdirtprotectedpeoplefromgettingill.However,peoplebegantochangetheirattitudestodirtabout200yearsago.Theyhavebeentoldthatwashingdirtoffourbodycankeepushealthy.Butnowadays,somescientistsbelievethatexposuretosomedirtmayhelpourimmunesystem.第二十三页，共33页。Step6:Clearlycopyyourdrafttothepaper第二十四页，共33页。Howtowriteasummary(argumentation)1.Read2.Makeanoutline

3.Rewrite4.Makeitcoherent5.Revise6.neatlycopy-Topic,structure,keysupportingsentences第二十五页，共33页。HomeworkFinishthesummarywritingofthefollowingPassage第二十六页，共33页。阅读短文，根据其内容写一篇(yīpiān)60词左右的内容概要。Gettingupearlyhasbeenregardedasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes.Manyyearsago,peoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgetupearly,wewouldbeenergetic(充满活力的)thewholeday.So,gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.Infact,morningisthebesttimeofaday.Inthemorning,theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions(条件).Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwememorizesomethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthananyothertimeoftheday.第二十七页，共33页。Ifwedosomemorningexerciseoronlytakeashortwalkinthemorning,wecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.Alsowewillhaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.However,ifwegetuplate,wewillprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry.Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabitandtryourbesttokeepit.Ifwesticktogettingupearlyeveryday,wewillcertainlybenefit(受益(shòuyì))alotfromit.第二十八页，共33页。Gettingupearlyinthemorningisagoodhabitandveryimportant,becauseinthemorningwecanhaveabettermemory,healthierbodiesandbetterpreparationfortheday.Inaddition,morningexercisecanhelpuskeephealthy.So,itisbeneficialtous.参考(cānkǎo)范文第二十九页，共33页。Itisimportanttogetupearlyforpeople.Inthemorning,peoplecanexercisetheirbodiesthroughwalkingtokeephealthy.Also,people’smemorywillimprove.Besides,peoplecanmakeagoodpreparation/planforthemselves,sotheywillhaveenoughtimetodoeverything.Inaword,gettingupearlyisbeneficialtous.参考(cānkǎo)范文第三十页，共33页。Getti