完形填空解题技巧课件-人教版整理教学内容

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Topics:完形填空解题技巧第一页，共19页。一、完形填空的起源(qǐyuán)与运用完形填空法（thecloseprocedure）的产生与格式塔心理学（Gestaltpsychology）有着密切的关系。格式塔心理学特别注重作为(zuòwéi)整体的经验模式（Gestaltpsychologyisespeciallyconcernedwithpatternsofexperienceaswholes.）。它强调：不能通过对各部分的分析来认识(rènshi)整体。要理解整体的全部性质，就必须“自上而下”地分析整体结构到各个组成部分的特性。第二页，共19页。完形填空题的创始人：威尔逊·泰勒(tàilè)（WilsonTaylor）“完形填空并不直接涉及特定的意思。它只是反复(fǎnfù)地从两种语言模式的相似之处取样：一种是写的人表达自己的思想的语言模式，另一种是反映读的人根据自己的理解作出的猜测的语言模式。”第三页，共19页。二、完形填空题的解题(jiětí)方法完形填空题是测试话语水平的题型。根据完形填空法的基本(jīběn)理论，我国在高考NMET的测试中使用完形填空题的主要目的在于考察考生的短文阅读理解能力。威尔逊·泰勒说：“完形填空所涉及的是一系列与上下文相联系的空白(kòngbái)，而不是孤立的空白(kòngbái)。”第四页，共19页。跳过空格，通读全文(quánwén)，把握大意再读全文，反复(fǎnfù)检查结合选项，综合考虑(kǎolǜ)，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破

完形填空的解题总则把握整体具体分析第五页，共19页。四.完形填空的解题(jiětí)方法１．充分利用文章(wénzhāng)的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。2.注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及(yǐjí)形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。3.注意同义词的辨义４.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词5.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项6.根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项7.根据作者的态度，观点，情绪来确定相关选项第六页，共19页。

１．充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些(zhèxiē)词有时可能是同义词或反义词。完形填空解题技巧１．Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.２１springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe22areaslikethedesert.21．A．UsingB．HoldingC．OwningD．Finding22．A．dry B．distant C．deserted D．wild第七页，共19页。２．The33watersupplyforecastisbasedmoreonthewaterfromthe34thanfromthebelow.33．A．correct B．further C．average

D．early34．A．clouds B．sky C．air D．above３．In1964ShirleygraduatedfromGallaudetandlookedfor

_44_.Shewantedtobe_45_andworkfulltime.

44.A.information

B.help

C.ajob

D.anassistant

45.A.happy B.independent C.free

D.confident１．充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时(yǒushí)可能是同义词或反义词。第八页，共19页。4.Thestonemenface41,ratherthanouttosea,andtheireyesarefocuseduponthesky.41.A.forwardB.outwardC.onwardD.inward5.Theartexpertswhoworkatthegallerysaytheyusedmodernchemistrytechnologyto45thepaintonthepicture.Thesechecksfoundtraces(痕迹(hénjì))ofpaintdeepinthepicture46about1814.45.A.try B.remove C.wash D.checkA.lookingbackB.datingfromC.gettingalongD.startingwith第九页，共19页。2.注意固定(gùdìng)的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。

１.He’d

36

hislifebrewingbeerforlocalbreweriesonlytomakealiving,

37

hadhisfatherandgrand－fatherbeforehim.36．A.cost

B.spent

C.take

D.paid

37．A.like

B.asif

C.so

D.nor２.IcalledmybeerSamuelAdams,

51

thebrewerandpatriot（爱国者）whohelpedtostarttheBostonTeaparty.51

A.for

B.at

C.in

D.after第十页，共19页。2.注意固定的搭配(dāpèi)，包括动词与介词的搭配(dāpèi)、动词与名词的搭配(dāpèi)以及形容词与名词的搭配(dāpèi)等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。３．Hedidn’thearthebellforhewascompletely

inreadingthenewspaper.A.interestedBcenteredCaddictedDabsorbed第十一页，共19页。3.注意(zhùyì)同义词的辨义1.Herfacewasfamiliartome,butIcouldnot8.r_______whereandhowIhadseenher.2.AllatonceI10.r_______whereIhadseenher.3.ThenIexplainedthatIhad13.r________herfromthephotoIfoundinthepurse.emeberealizedecognized4.Sincetheir43,thesehugestonemen44oneofthegreatestmysteriesofalltime.Whobuiltthem?43.A.lookingB.inventionC.discoveryD.covering44.A.havehappenedB.haveledtoC.havetakenplaceD.havecreated第十二页，共19页。3.注意(zhùyì)同义词的辨义5.Thetrainer

44

itwasuselesstryingtofinish.HecalledtoTrudyto

45

.44．A.thoughtB.consideredC.decidedD.felt

45．A.keepupB.slowdownC.giveupD.takearest6.Theforestbegantodisappear,which53alltheanimalsdyingout.53.A.resultedinB.resultedfromC.createdD.layin第十三页，共19页。４.根据动作的发出(fāchū)者确定所选的词1)

Andvideocamerascanbeusedto______people'sactionsathome.A.keep B.make C.record D.watch2)

Thewatch,whichMrsSmithhad______onthetableasshestartedherlecture,disappeared.A.seen B.dropped C.found D.laid3)

Whenthepaperswere______shediscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadeexactlythesamemistakesthroughoutthetest.A.collected B.completedC.markedD.answered第十四页，共19页。5.根据(gēnjù)上下文的逻辑关系确定选项1.Theexplorersfoundthattheislandhadgoodsoil37the200nativeslivingtheresurvivedwithlittlefood.37.A.andB.butC.howeverD.still2.Herfatherhad

36

hertwothings.Onewasnottopullheroutofthewater

37

sheasked.36．A.givenB.refusedC.allowedD.promised

37．A.asB.unlessC.evenifD.when3.So,at24Idecidedtodropout.

42

,myparentsdidn’tthinkthiswasagreatidea.42．A.FortunatelyB.ObviouslyC.PossiblyD.Properly第十五页，共19页。

6.根据(gēnjù)生活常识以及相关知识确定选项1.in1967shewasaskedtoworkatGallaudetUniversityasadormsupervisor(宿舍(sùshè)监管员).Shirleysupervisedyoungwomenwho_47_intheuniversityduringtheschoolyear.47.A.workedB.studiedC.lived D.played2.Interestis35inthewaystoincreaserainfallbyman-mademethods,andtogetwaterfromthewintersnowonmountain36.35．A．raising B．rising C．buildingD．lasting36．A．rocks B．tips C．copsD．trees第十六页，共19页。7.根据(gēnjù)作者的态度，观点，情绪来确定相关选项１．Lifeisvery

55

,sodon’trushtomakedecisions.Lifedoesn’tletyouplan.55．A.hard

B.busy

C.short

D.long２．Dr.ShirleyJeanneAllenhastraveledmanyroadsand

_54_manyrainbowssearchingforherdream.Withcourageand_55_,shenevergaveup.54.A.found