高中英语北师大版Unit24Society 全国一等奖

SectionⅣCommunicationWorkshop,LanguageAwareness9,CultureCorner&BulletinBoard课时训练Ⅳ基础夯实Ⅰ.根据英文释义写出单词1.:moneythatyouhavetopayasapunishment

答案fine2.:apunishmentthatajudgegivestosomeonewhohasbeendeclaredguilty

答案sentence3.:toofficiallyendalaw,system,etc.

答案abolish4.:so,therefore,asaresult

答案consequently5.:apieceofheavymetalthatisloweredtothebottomofthesea,lake,preventashiporboatmoving

答案anchor6.:someonewhobuysorsellsgoodsinlargequantities

答案merchant7.:besides

答案moreover8.:halfacircle

答案semicircleⅡ.用方框内单词或短语的适当形式填空onprincipleabolishmerchantmoreoverconsequentlysentence’sagoodideatothisunfairrule.

答案abolishcorruptofficialwastodeath.

答案sentencedagreewithwhathesaid.

答案onprinciplewouldn’tliketoplay’mill,and,it’sraining.

答案moreovergotuplateandIwaslateforschool.

答案consequentlywasakindinVenice,whowaslikedbyeveryone.

答案merchantⅢ.根据课文内容完成句子1.工会要求政府缩短工作周。Tradeunionsthatthegovernmenttheworkingweek.

答案demand;shorten2.如果产生了类似这样的法律,那么生活就要做大的调整,反响肯定是各种各样的。Iflawssuchasthese,ahugeadjustmentwouldberequiredandtherewouldcertainlybe.

答案cameintobeing;diversereactions3.他们派卫兵把守着各个胡同的入口,这样做使他们容易监视人们的举动。Theywerethenabletothevarioushutongs,whichmadeiteasierpeople’smovements.

答案placeguardsattheentrancesof;tokeepaneyeon4.我完全认可美国人的观点“事不过三”,即犯三次罪就终身监禁。ItotallytheAmericanideaof“threestrikesandout”—thataftercommittingthreecrimescriminals.

答案agreewith;arelockedupforlifeⅣ.根据所给单词或语境填空insistedthathe(be)notasleepalthoughIhadgreatdifficultyinwakinghimup.

答案was(surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.

答案surprisedwasnotuntilIcamehereIrealizedthisplacewasfamousfornotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweather.

答案thatcareduringtheholidays!Drinkingtoomuchcancontributeheartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.

答案to5.—HowaboutyourjourneytoMountEmei?—Everythingwaswonderfulexceptthatourcar(break)downtwiceontheway.

答案brokedriverwasatlosswhenwordcamethathewouldbearrestedforspeeding.

答案a能力提升Ⅴ.阅读理解导学号53120237(2023江苏)Chimps(黑猩猩)willcooperateincertainways,likegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeings,theyhavelittleinstinct(本能)tohelponeinthewildseekfoodforchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren,whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.Inthelaboratory,chimpsdon’tnaturallysharefoodachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor,withnogreatereffort,aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighborinthenextcage,hewillpullatrandom—hejustdoesn’tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedoraretrulyselfish.Humanchildren,ontheotherhand,arenaturallytheearliestages,theydesiretohelpothers,toshareinformationandtoparticipateinachievingcommonpsychologistMichaelTomasellohasstudiedthiscooperativenessinaseriesofexperimentswithveryyoungfindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanunrelatedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor,almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandsharearenottaught,butnaturallypossessedinyoungisthattheseinstinctsappearataveryyoungagebeforemostparentshavestartedtotraintheirchildrentobehaveisthatthehelpingbehaviorsarenotimprovedifthechildrenarethirdreasonisthatsocialintelligencedevelopsinchildrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive(认知的)skills,atleastwhencomparedwithtestsconductedbyTomasello,thehumanchildrendidnobetterthanthechimpsonthephysicalworldtestsbutwereconsiderablybetteratunderstandingthesocialworld.Thecoreofwhatchildren’smindshaveandchimps’don’tiswhatTomasellocallssharedofthisabilityisthattheycaninferwhatothersknoworarebeyondthat,evenveryyoungchildrenwanttobepartofasharedactivelyseektobepartofa“we”,agroupthatintendstoworktowardasharedgoal.canwelearnfromtheexperimentwithchimps?seldomcareaboutothers’interests.tendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren.liketotakeintheirneighbors’food.naturallysharefoodwitheachother.提示细节理解题。根据第二段的“Chimpsdon’tnaturallysharefoodeither”以及“hejustdoesn’tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.”可知,黑猩猩天生不会共享食物,它从不关心邻居同伴的饥饱和利益。故选A项。答案ATomasello’stestsonyoungchildrenindicatethatthey.

theinstincttohelpothershowtoofferhelptoadultstheworldbetterthanchimpsadultswiththeirhandsfull提示推理判断题。根据第三段的“Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanunrelatedadultwithhands...trytohelp”可知,Michael发现,18个月大的婴儿看见一个和自己毫不相干的人双手拿着东西去开门时,他们会马上去帮忙。这个实验表明,小孩子有帮助他人的本能。故选A项。答案Apassageismainlyabout.

helpingbehaviorsofyoungchildrentotrainchildren’ssharedintentionalityasadistinctivehumannaturedevelopmentofintelligenceinchildren提示主旨大意题。文章通过实验表明,帮助他人和相互合作是人的本性,而非后天习得的。选项A:小孩子的助人为乐行为只是Michael实验的一部分,以此来得出结论;选项B“培养孩子的分享意识的方法”和选项D“孩子的智力发展”在文中都没有提及。故选C项。答案CⅥ.短文改错导学号53120238Moreandmorefamiliesarenowrichenoughtohavetheirowndobenefitthefamiliesaswellthesocietyinmanyacar,itisconvenientforthefamilymemberstotraveltoorfromcanalsodrivetothecountrysideonthethesametime,thedevelopmentofthemotorindustrywillsuregiveapushtomanyotherrelatedindustries,itisobviouslybeneficialtothesocialtheotherhand,theboomofprivatecarsisalsocausingtrafficandenvironmentalgasesfromcarsarecausingseriousairpollution,whichdogreatharmtopeople’sanincreasednumberofcarsontheroads,thetraffichasbecomeveryheavily.答案Moreandmorefamiliesarenowrich