高中英语北师大版Unit17Laughter unit17sectionⅳ

SectionⅣCommunicationWorkshop根据提示写出下列单词1．depthn． 深(度)，纵深2．scarevt. 使恐惧3．stringn. 绳，线4．starvevi. 挨饿，饿死5．loafn. (面包的)一条6．yawnvi. 打哈欠7．toughadj. 艰难的；不幸的；强壮的，强健的8．componentn. 成分，组成部分9．accomplishvt. 做成功；完成根据提示补全下列短语1．nolonger 不再2．getloose 松开；挣脱；摆脱；爆发3．tiedown 束缚；拘束，限制4．thanksto 多亏；由于5．aloafof 一条6．inadvance 预先，在……之前7．nowonder 难怪8．giveaway 泄露；赠送根据提示补全下列教材原句1．JustwhenIwasabletostrugglenolonger，Ifoundmyselfwithinmydepth．当我挣扎不起来时，我发现(水深)不超过自己的高度。2．IlookeddownasmuchasIcouldandsawahumancreaturejustsixincheshigh，withabowandarrowinhishands．我尽力朝下看，发现了一个手里拿着弓和箭的只有6英寸高的小人。3．Immediately，Ifeltatleastfortymoreofthesamekindfollowingthefirst.跟着第一个，我立即又感觉到了至少40多个同样的(人)。4．Anditwasnowonder，fortheirdoctors，bytheEmperor'sorder，hadputasleepingdruginwiththewine.这就不足为奇了，因为他们的医生按皇帝的旨意在酒里下了一种有助于睡眠的药物。阅读P26教材课文，判断正误1．Atfirst，ourvoyagewentwell，butinNovember，weweredrivenbyastormontoarock.()2．Theydidn'tservemeanythingtoeat.()3．Oneofthecreaturesclimbedontothestageandmadealongspeech.()4．Suddenly，Istartedtoyawnandquicklyfellasleep，fortheirdoctorshadputasleepingdruginwiththewine.()5．Ididnothingtopreventthearrowsfallingonmyface.()【答案】1－5TFTTFstarvevi.挨饿；饿死(教材P26)Afterbeingalmoststarvedwithhunger，IshowedthatIwantedfood.在几乎被饿死后，我表现出非常需要食物的样子。(1)starvetodeath 饿死starvefor 渴望；急需(2)starvedadj. 感到很饿的bestarvedtodeath 被饿死bestarvedof/for 极需；缺乏(3)starvationn. 挨饿；饿死①Hestarvedtodeathinahungerstrike.他在一次绝食罢工中饿死了。②Whenwilldinnerbeready？Wearesimplystarvingforfood.饭什么时候才能准备好？我们简直饿坏了。③Shewentonastarvation(starve)dietandendedupinhospital.她进行饥饿式节食减肥，结果住进了医院。nowonder难怪(教材P26)Anditwasnowonder，fortheirdoctors，bytheEmperor'sorder，hadputasleepingdruginwiththewine.这就不足为奇了，因为他们的医生按皇帝的旨意在酒里下了一种有助于睡眠的药物。(1)It'sawonder(that)．.. 奇怪的是……；令人惊奇的是……(2)wonderv. 纳闷；不知道；想知道Iwonderif/why... 我不知道是否/为什么……wonderat/about... 对……感到惊讶①IwaswonderinghowIcouldgettherequickly.我想知道怎样才能快点到达那里。②It'sawonderthatyourememberedmeafteralltheseyears!难得你这么多年之后还记得我！③SometimesIwonderabouthisbehaviour.有时我对他的行为感到惊讶。toughadj.艰难的；不幸的；强壮的，强健的；严格的；坚固的(教材P27)Weretheyfunny，tough，nervous?他们滑稽、艰难、紧张吗？(1)astoughasnails/oldboots 非常坚强的；能吃苦的gettoughwith... 不留情/严厉；凶恶betoughon 严格对待某人；对……不公平的；不幸的(2)toughv. 坚持，忍耐toughenv. (使)坚硬；加强①Helooked(tobe)thetoughestofallthechallengers.在所有的挑战者中，他看起来最强壮。②Momwasalwaysverytoughwithuskidsbecauseshelovedusdeeply.妈妈对我们这些小孩总是很严格，因为她深爱着我们。③Hisparentssenthimawaytoschooltotoughen(tough)himup.他的父母把他送到学校经受锻炼。【导学号：96750023】thanksto多亏；由于(教材P135)ThankstoHouBaolin'sbrilliantperformances，Xiangshenggainedagreatreputationandmuchglory...幸亏侯宝林的出色表演，相声获得了巨大的名声和荣耀……thanksto，dueto，owingto和becauseof都有“因为，由于”的意思，在意义上，除了thanksto通常用于好的方面，译为“多亏”外，其他几个短语的含义区别不大，但在用法上稍有不同：(1)dueto多作表语，作状语时一般不置于句首。(2)owingto可以作状语和表语，在作状语时一般要在该状语后面加上逗号。(3)becauseof应用最广，也更口语化。①Theman'sfailureisduetohistoomuchpride.他的失败是因为太骄傲了。②Owingtotheshower，thebaseballgamewasinterrupted.由于阵雨，那场棒球比赛中止了。③Becauseofhiswife'sbeingthere，Isaidnothingaboutit.他妻子在那儿，我什么也没说。accomplishvt.做成功；完成；实现(计划等)；达到(目的)(教材P135)．..andHouBaolin'shasaccomplishedsomuchthathisachievementsinthefieldofXiangshengwillneverbeforgotten.……侯宝林已经成就了如此之多以至于他在相声界的成就将永远不会被忘记。(1)accomplishone'stask/aim 完成任务/达到目的accomplishone'smission 完成使命(2)accomplishedadj. 有才华的，有艺术造诣的；熟练的beaccomplishedin 擅长……accomplishmentn. 成就；才能，才艺①Wemusttryourbesttoaccomplishourtaskthisweekend.这周我们必须尽力完成任务。②Theseriesofbuildingsisquiteanaccomplishment(accomplish)．这一系列的建筑真是了不起的成就。③Beinganaccomplished(accomplish)cook，heenjoysverygoodsalary.他是一个技艺精湛的厨师，工资收入很可观。Ⅰ.语境填词1．Manypeopledieofstarvation(starve)duringfamineseveryyear.2．Iwonderifthereisaconveniencestorenearby.3．Heneedsplentyofhardexercisetotoughen(tough)himup.4．Wehaveexpressedthedepth(deep)ofourgratitudetothem.5．Shewasanelegantandaccomplished(accomplish)woman.【导学号：96750024】Ⅱ.完成句子1．由于他的努力，获得了比我们预期的更大的成功。Thankstohiseffort，itismoresuccessfulthanwehaveexpected.2．他明天签约是不足为怪的。Itisnowonderthathewillsignthecontracttomorrow.3．政府将对逃避纳税者采取强硬手段。Thegovernmentwillgettoughwithpeoplewhoavoidpayingtaxes.(教材P26)JustwhenIwasabletostrugglenolonger，Ifoundmyselfwithinmydepth.当我挣扎不起来时，我发现(水深)不超过自己的高度。【句式分析】该句是“find＋宾语＋介词短语”结构，意为“发现自己处于……状态”。介词短语作宾语补足语。findsb./\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(现在分词（宾语正发出该动作）,过去分词（宾语已承受该动作）,tobe...,形容词、副词,名词,介词短语))①Ifoundanumberofmenalreadyworking.我发现很多人已经在工作了。②Hefoundthedoorclosed(close)．他发现门被关上了。③Wewenttoherhousebutfoundherout．我们去她家，但是发现她不在。(教材P26)IlookeddownasmuchasIcouldandsawahumancreaturejustsixincheshigh，withabowandarrowinhishands．我尽力朝下看，发现了一个手里拿着弓和箭的只有6英寸高的小人。【句式分析】withabowandarrowinhishands是with复合结构形式之一：with＋宾语＋介词短语。该结构在句中作后置定语，修饰creature。①Heisdeepinthought，withhisheadinhishands.他陷入深思，两只手捧着头。with复合结构在句中常用作状语，表示时间、条件、伴随、方式、原因等，具体形式如下：with＋名词/代词＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(现在分词（宾语正发出该动作）,过去分词（宾语已承受该动作）,不定式（宾语将要发出该动作）,形容词,副词,介词短语))②Heoftensleepswiththewindowsopen.他常开着窗睡觉。③Ourschoolisfullofthefestivalatmospherewiththeredlanternshanging(hang)everywhere.随着四处挂满了红灯笼，我们的学校洋溢着节日的气氛。④Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked(lock)．整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。⑤Ican'tgooutwithalltheseclothestowash(wash)．要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。(教材P26)Immediately，Ifeltatleastfortymoreofthesamekindfollowingthefirst.跟着第一个，我立即又感觉到了至少40多个同样的(人)。【句式分析】本句使用了“(be)of＋名词”结构，该结构常用来描述人或事物的特征，此时名词前通常带有冠词，在句中作表语、后置定语或宾语补足语。常用的名词有size，kind，type，price，height，depth，width，length，weight，age，shape，color等。“(be)of＋名词”结构中的名词是抽象名词，相当于名词所对应的形容词的意思，说明被修饰词具有某种特征或属性。常用的名词有use，importance，help，value，interest，quality，service，benefit，necessity等。这些名词前可用great，no，little，any，notmuch等修饰，以表示不同程度。①Thetwoboysareofthesameweightbutofdifferentheight.这两个男孩一样重，但不一样高。②Itseemsthatthebookisofnousetoyou.＝Itseemsthatthebookisuselesstoyou.看起来，这本书对你没用。完成句子1．这本书对学历史的学生将很有用。Thebookwillbeofgreatvaluetostudentsofhistory.2．我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。Isatinmyroomforafewminuteswithmyeyesfixedontheceiling．3．看到人民生活比过去任何时候都好，他由衷地感到高兴。Hewasheartenedtofindthepeoplelivingbetterthaneverbefore.如何写好趣闻轶事记叙文个人轶事属于记叙文范畴，要遵循下面五个步骤：1．简述故事的梗概——Introduction给出简要的信息，说明在某时、某地你做了什么，遇到了什么人，在此之前发生了什么事情。ThatwastheworstdayIhaveeverhadwhenIwasdoing...2．故事的开始——Beginningofthenarrative描述这个带有幽默性质的故事是怎样开始的。AsIwaswaitingforabus，ataxipassedbyandsplashedrainwateroverme...3．故事的发展——Developmentofthenarrative描写接下来发生的事情，即在哪些方面出了问题。Whenwehurriedtothestation，therewasalongqueueandwehadtowaitforalonggotdisgusted...4．故事进一步走向高潮——Furtherdevelopmentofthenarrative又有了新的插曲，使得故事更具有幽默性。Iwashavingaphototakenwhenmyclassmatefellintothe，atthemoment...5．进行总结——Conclusion故事的结尾写你和你的同学是怎样圆满地把事情解决的。Intheend，thekeepertookustotheofficeandwedriedoutJack'swefinallygothome，myparentssawusfunnyandweallburstoutlaughing.[亮点句式]1．Ihadnoideahowto...2．TherewasabsolutelynothingIcoulddoaboutit.3．Iwenttotallyoutofcontrol.4．Istartedtogetthefeelingthat...5．Itwasarealshamethat...6．Theyallburstoutlaughing.7．Thefunniestthingaboutitwasthat...8．Everythingworkedoutallrightintheend.[写作任务]根据提示，通过买鞋的经历，以第一人称编写一个小故事。一天，我在一家鞋店买了一双皮鞋，店员告诉我这鞋实行“三包”。四天后这鞋坏了，我很生气，回到鞋店想要回我的钱。但店员不想赔钱，他说，“三包”就是保留三天。[审题谋篇]体裁记叙文故事类话题污染时态一般过去时人称第一人称[遣词造句]Ⅰ.词汇1．bewornout 穿坏的；用旧的2．getback 取回；要回3．make 使某人感到震惊4．keepone'spromise 遵守诺言Ⅱ.句式1．Butonlyfourdayslatertheshoeswerewornwasangryandreturnedtothehopedtogetbackmymoney.(用so和非谓语动词改写句子)ButonlyfourdayslatertheshoeswerewornoutsoIwasangryandreturnedtotheshophopingtogetbackmymoney．2．HeknewIhadkepttheshoesforfourdidn'twanttocompensatemademeastonished.(用时间状语从句和定语从句改写句子)WhenheknewIhadkepttheshoesforfourdays，hedidn'twanttocompensateme，whichmademeastonished.[妙笔成篇]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】ThreeGuaranteesOnedayIboughtapairofleathershoesinashoethesellertheretoldmehewouldhave“threeguarantees”forthelefttheshoponlyfourdayslatertheshoeswerewornout，soIwasangryandreturnedtotheshophopingtogetbackmymoney.ItoldhimwhathadhappenedtomyheknewIhadkepttheshoesforfourdays，hedidn'twanttocompensateme,whichmademeaskedhimwhyhedidn'tkeephisthesellersaid，“Doyouunderstandthemeaningofthe‘threeguarantees’？Itmeanstheshoescanonlybekeptforthreedays！”Whatafoolishexplanationtothe“threeguarantees”！学业分层测评(七)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Twoofthewindowswerefoundbroken(break)．2．Withoutanythingleft(leave)inthecupboard，shewentouttogetsomethingtoeat.3．Thisbookwillbeofgreatvalue(valuable)tohiminhisstudy.4．Thefirstwalkonthemoonisquiteanaccomplishment(accomplish)．5．Thedepartmenthasbeenstarvedofresources.6．Iwonderwhyshemarriedsuchapoorbankclerk.7．Herfatherisreallytoughonherboyfriend.8．Thevictimistooscared(scare)togooutafterdark.9．Shefoundawalletlying(lie)ontheground.10．Withtheboytolead(lead)theway，wewillfindthehouseeasilytomorrow.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Withwintercomeon,itistimetobuywarmclothes.________________________________________________________________________2．Formostofthedayhecanstillbefoundworkedsomewhereintheplant.________________________________________________________________________3．Don'teverlosetheseareofgreatimportanttoourcompany.________________________________________________________________________4．Howmanypeopleintheworldarestarvingofbread?________________________________________________________________________5．Giventhesefindings,thereisnowonderthatthejobmarketisstillsopoor.________________________________________________________________________【答案】改为coming改为working改为importance改为for改为itⅢ.完成句子1．她看到一条小河，两岸长满了红花绿草。Shesawasmallriverwithgreengrassandredflowersonbothsides.2．我发现习语和有用的短语很难学。Ifindidiomsandusefulexpressionshardtolearn．3．澳大利亚和新西兰属同一洲。AustraliaandNewZealandareofthesamecontinent．4．该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。Theteam'ssuccesswaslargelyduetoherefforts．5．他宁愿饿死也不无耻求饶。Hewouldratherstarvetodeaththanshamelesslybegforhislife.Ⅳ.阅读理解AThereisanoldsayinginEnglish，“Laughteristhebestmedicine”．Untilrecently,fewpeopletookthesayingveryhowever,doctorshavebeguntostudylaughterandtheeffects(作用)ithasonthehumanhavefoundevidencethatlaughterreallycanimprovepeople'shealth.Testswerecarriedouttostudytheeffectsoflaughteronthewatchedfunnyfilmswhiledoctorscheckedtheirheartrate,bloodpressure,breathingandwasfoundthatlaughterhassimilareffectstophysicalincreasesbloodpressure,theheartrateandtherateofalsoworksseveralgroupsofmusclesintheface,thestomachandeventhelaughterexercisesthebody,itmustbehelpful.Othertestshaveshownthatlaughterappearstomaketheeffectofpainonthebodyoneexperimentdoctorsproducedpainingroupsofstudentswholistenedtodifferentradiogroupwhichcouldbearthepainforthelongesttimewasthegroupwhichlistenedtoafunnyreasonwhylaughtercanmakepainlessseemstobethatithelpstoproduceendorphins(内啡肽)inthearenaturalchemicalswhichmakebothstressandpainless.Thereisalsosomeevidencetosuggestthatlaughterhelpsthebody'simmunesystemthatisthesystemwhichfightsinfection(感染)．Inanexperiment,onegroupofstudentswatchedafunnyvideowhileanothergroupservedasthecontrolgroup—inotherwords，agroupwithwhichtocomparethefirstcheckedthebloodofthestudentsinbothgroupsandfoundthatthepeopleinthegroupthatwatchedthevideohadanincreaseintheactivityoftheirwhitebloodcellsthatisthecellswhichfightinfection.Asaresultofthesediscoveries,somedoctorsandpsychiatrists(精神病学)intheUnitedStatesnowholdlaughterclinics,inwhichtheytrytoimprovetheirpatients'conditionbyencouragingthemtohavefoundthateveniftheirpatientsdonotreallyfeellikelaughing,makingthemsmileisenoughtoproducegoodeffectssimilartothosecausedbylaughter.【语篇解读】这篇文章讲的是笑是良药，而且能减轻病人的痛苦，能够锻炼身体并提高人的免疫能力。医生现在开始研究笑及其对人身体的作用。1．Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthatlaughter________.A．isgoodforone'shealthB．hasstrongeffectstodowithsomeillnessC．hasbeenstudiedlongsinceD．hasnoeffectonthebody【解析】细节理解题。根据文章开头的谚语“Laughteristhebestmedicine”(笑是最好的良药)可知答案是A。【答案】A2．Doctorshavefoundthatlaughter________．A．keepsdownbloodpressureB．hassimilareffectstophysicalexerciseC．decreasestheheartrateD．increasesstressandpain【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Itwasfoundthatlaughterhassimilareffectstophysicalexercise.”(据发现笑和身体锻炼有着同样的功效)可知答案B。【答案】B3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueoflaughteraccordingtothepassage?A．Itmakespainless.B．Itexercisesthebody.C．Itimprovesthebody'simmunesystem.D．Itcancurecancer.【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三、四段可知A、B、C三项正确，而D项太绝对化了。笑对身体有好处，但是不能治好疾病，只能起缓减疼痛的作用，故选D。【答案】D4．Themainideaofthispassageisthat________．A．thedoctorsshouldlearnhowtomakepeoplelaughB．thereareseveralwaysofstudyingtheadvantagesoflaughterC．testsshowthatlaughtercanproducepositiveeffectsonhumanbodyD．laughterandphysicalexercisehavethesameeffectsonhumanbody【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文描述可知这篇文章主要是通过实验说明笑能对人体产生积极的作用，故选C。【答案】C【导学号：96750043】B(2023·河北冀州高二上月考)WhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960s,wehadamilkmandeliveringmilktoournamewasworeawhitecap,anddroveawhiteafive­year­oldboy,Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchanger(硬币兑换器)，fixedtohisnoticedthisonedayduringadelivery,andgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.Ofcourse,hedeliveredmorethanwascheeseandeggsandsoweneededtochangeourorder,mymotherwouldpenanote，“Pleaseaddabottleofbuttermilknextdelivery，”andputitintheboxalongwiththeemptythen,thebuttermilkwouldmagicallyappear.Allofthiswasaboutmorethanwasacloserelationshipbetweenfamiliesandtheirevenhadakeytomyhouse，forthosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatwecouldboxindoors，sothatthemilkwouldn'tIrememberfromtimetotime,takingabreakatourkitchentable,havingacupofteaandtellingstoriesabouthisdelivery.Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverycompaniesallowtheproductionofcheapermilk,somakingitdifficultformilkmento,milkisforsaleitmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadeliveryservice.Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecou