大学英语精读预备级第二课1

一、词汇1.terminal：n航站楼；（火车、公共汽车、轮船等的）终点站；计算机终端2.board：v上（船，飞机、公共汽车等）e.g.boardatrain上火车onboard上船①Pleaseboardtheplaneimmediately.②Assoonaswewentonboard,ourshipleftport.我们一上船，船就出港了。Phrase：boardinggate登机口3.track：n（火车等的）轨道e.g.①asingletrack单轨②adoubletrack双轨③Thetrainleftthetrack。火车出轨了。另：轨迹，行踪，足迹。trackinthesnow雪地上的足迹路径，小道。atrackthroughaforest林中小道4.pure：a纯粹的，完全的，纯净的e.g.①purecotton纯棉的②puregold纯金的③purewhite纯白的5.delight：n欣喜，高兴，愉快e.g.Toourgreatdelight，thedayturnedoutfine。toone’sdelight……使…感到高兴的是one’s=my，our，her…（1）turnout：驱逐，把…赶走；翻出；关，旋熄；出来，出动；结果（是），原来（是），证明（是）（tobe）；Itturnedout（tobe）afineday。制造，生产。（2）byturns轮流，交替；Wekeptwatchbyturns。我们轮流守望。（3）inturn依次，轮流，转而，反过来（4）Itisyourturnnow。（5）takeone’sturn该谁做…了，轮到谁做…了（6）taketurns一次，轮流（7）turnagainst背叛；（情况等）对…不利（8）turnaway走开，离开，把…打发走；转过脸去（9）turn（away）from避开；厌恶（10）turnback折回，往回走；翻回到（to）；挡住（11）turndown翻下；关小，调低；拒绝（12）turnfromsidetoside（把身体）转过来转过去（13）turnin转身进去，拐入；上床睡觉；交出，上缴（14）turninto进入；使成为，使变成，翻译成（15）turnoff关（水源、煤气，电灯等）；避开（问题等）；拐弯（16）turnon开，旋开；攻击，反对，对…发怒；把…对准，把…指向（17）turnover（使）打翻，（使）倾倒；反复考虑；翻身（18）turnthecorner（沿街角）拐弯；转危为安，渡过难关（19）turnto转向，变成；求教于，求助于；致力于，着手（做）（20）turnup找到，发现；出现，来到，到达，被找到，突然发生；证明是（=turnouttobe）；把…翻转过来，翻掘；旋大，开大，调大；寻找，查阅6.supposev认定，假定e.g.①Supposeyouhadamillionpounds-howwouldyouspendit？②Supposeitrains，what’stobedone？Phrase：besupposedto=should①理应，应该Teachersaresupposedtoknowalot。②【用于否定句】Youarenotsupposetosmokeinhere。7.raciala种族的Eg.①racialconflict种族冲突②racialdiscrimination种族歧视。→racialismn①种族偏见②种族主义→racialistn种族主义者。8.distinctionn.区别，差别对比Phrase：distinctionbetweenAandBEg.Hedrewaquiteartificialdistinctionbetweenmenandwamenreaders.他把男读者和女读者硬是人为地区分开。9.inexpensivea.不贵的，价廉的→反义词.Expensive.10.betv.打赌赌博Phrase：betonsthEg.Hespendsallhismoneybettingonhorses.他把所有的钱用在赌马上.→1、spend+钱+on/forsth→2、spend+时间+onsthspend+时间+（in）doingsthEg.①Tomspendtencentson/forapple.②spendtheweek-endwithone’sfamily.③Hedoesnotspendmuchtimeonhishomework.④Hespendhiswholelife（in）lookingafterthepoor.11.stretchv.拉长撑大，伸展，拽紧（某物）Eg.①stretcharopetight把绳子拉紧②Theroadstretchacrossthedesertintothedistance这条道路穿过沙漠伸向远方.③Shestretchoutherhandtotaketheglass.12.ride(1)v.乘坐车辆或者其他陆上交通工具（骑马，骑自行车，乘车）ridein/onstheg.①ridein/onabus/train/bike/horse.②Yourideinthebackofthecarwithyourbrother.(2)n.乘坐交通工具旅行Eg.①It’sonly5mimutebus-ridetothepark.②Shallwegoforarideinthecar?我们开车兜会风好吗？③Heenjoyedhisfirstbusride.他享受了第一次的汽车旅行.13.shuttle.n(1)(火车、公共汽车等)短距离的区间车，定时往返两地的运输（工具）Eg.I’mflyingtoBostonontheshuttle.我将乘坐穿梭班机去波士顿.(2)(织机的)梭、梭子（3）太空穿梭机14.pretend.V.佯装，伪装①pretend+n②pretendtobesth，tobedoingsth③pretendthat从句Eg.①Shepretendtobebusy.②Theboypretendedthathewasill.③Thechildrenpretendedtoeatthemudpies(泥饼)15.annoyv.使……烦恼，使……生气。Eg.①Hisconstantsniffing(吸气，嗅)annoysme.他不停地抽鼻子使我心烦.②……③……16.rottena.(1)极令人不快或嫌恶的，差劲的【俚】Eg.①berottenthecore腐烂透顶②sheisarottencook.(2)腐烂的.变质的Eg.Thewoodwassorottenthatyoucouldputyourfingerthroughit.木头已经朽了，用手指一捅就是个窟窿17.reply（1）n.回答,回复Eg.①makeareply作答.Makenoreply不做答复②shemakenoreply她没有答复（2）v.(认话语或行动)回答；答复replytosb/sthreplywithsthEg.①Irepliedwithashortnote.我回了一封短信②failtoreplytoaquestion未能回答一个问题.18.destination.n.目的地eg.①Tokyowasourfinaldestination东京是我们的最终目的地.②arriveat/reachone’sdestination到达目的地.19.trouble（1）n．麻烦.困难【v.c】eg.①whatisyourtrouble?②Ihavesometroubleinreadinghishandwriting我承认他的笔迹有些困难③IhopewehavenotputyoutoanytroublePutsbtotrouble劳烦某人，给某人增添麻烦④Myteetharegivingmetrouble我的牙疼的难受Phrase：①getintotrouble惹上麻烦招致不幸Eg.Evenanexperiencedclimbercangetintotrouble即使是个有经验的登山者也能陷入困境（2）v.使（某人）忧虑，苦恼，痛苦或不便，打扰betroubledbyillness因疾病而苦恼20.increase（1）n．增加，增大，增多，增加的量increaseinsthEg.①Someincreaseinworkinghoursmaysoonbeneeded也许不久需将工时延长一些②Thereisasteadyincreaseinpopulation人口在不断增加（2）v.增加，增大（数目，数量，体积等）→反义词decreaseincreaseAtoBeg.①Thepopulationhasincreasefrom1.2million10yearsagoto1.8millionnow人口从10年前的120万已增加到现在的180万②Travelincreaseone’sknowledgeoftheworld旅游能提高一个人对世界的认识21．Valuablea.有价值的，贵重的，有用的Eg.①valuableadvice宝贵的意见。②Wastingvaluabletimeandeffort浪费宝贵的时间和精力.三、课文TextAfather，asonandananswer引子1.lead：→led→led领导，带领，引导e.g.AllroadsleadtoRome。条条大道通罗马。Phrase：lead（sb）todosth引导某人，影响某人的言行e.g.Herconstant（始终，经常的）lyingledmetodistrusteverythingshesaid。她总是撒谎，我完全不相信她的话了。2.reflectv①反射，映出thelightreflectingthewater由水中反射出来的光②思考，考虑，沉思或思忆（往事）reflecton/upone.g.reflectuponaproblem思考一个问题Ineedtimetoreflectonyouroffer。我需要时间来考虑你的建议。3.upbringingn【U】抚育，养育，教育Eg.①Heowedhissuccesstothegoodupbringinghehad.他的成功归功于他受到的良好教养。②It'sallaquestionofupbringing。这完全是一个教养的问题。正文1．passthrough穿过，经过，经历passthroughtheforestthrough：（指空间）穿过，通过，透过2.caught：catch的过去式catch：赶上catchthetrain赶上火车eg.We'rejustintimetocatchthetrain.我们正好赶上了火车。3.oneof+n复数…中的一个oneofthosestudents4.from…to…从…到…fromLhasatoBeijingfromschooltohome5.backandforth来回地，来来往往地，前后e.g.PlaneflybackandforthbetweenLhasaandChengdu。往返于拉萨和成都的飞机。6.alldaylong一天到晚，整天的=alldayEg.①Doinganythingalldaylongwillcometonothingbutgetusbored。整天做一件事只会把人弄烦。②Rainfellfromtheheavensalldaylong。整天都下着雨。7.considerv认为，把…看作e.g.①Weconsiderhim（as）ourfriend。我们把他当作朋友。②Youcan’tconsiderhimtobeaselfishman。你不能把他看作一个自私的人。8.lay→laidv.①放，搁，摆②铺，砌，架设ahead①在前面，在前头②向前，提前9.stopv.停止Stopdoingsth停止做某事Stoptodosth停下来去做某事（todo表示停下来的目的，做状语）Eg.Westoppedtalking我们停止说话Westopped(inorder)totalk我们停下来说话10．Letoff①燃放，排放，爆炸，开枪letofffireworks燃放烟花爆竹②放过，不惩罚，宽恕Eg.Heaskedtheteachertolethimoffandpromisednevertodoitagain他要求老师原谅他一次并保证再不做那事11.hold→held→heldv.抓住，握，掌握（权力），担任职务holdontosb/sth抓住，不放手，不放弃（拥有的东西）eg.Heheldontotherocktostophimselfslipping他紧紧抓住岩石以免自己往下滑holdontothebar(在公共汽车上)拉住横杠12.tightadj.紧的，牢固的Eg.①Sheheldherbabytightinherarms。她紧紧地搂着她的孩子。②Thisdraweristootightformetoopenit。这抽屉太紧了我打不开。13.Theboy,aboutfiveyearsold,madesoundsofpuredelight.=Theboy,whowasaboutfiveyearsold,madesoundsthatshowednothingbuthappiness.14.Iknewwe’resupposedtoavoidmakingracialdistinctionsthesedays.=Iknewthesedaysweoughtnottotreatonepersondifferentlyfromanotherbecauseoftheirrace.15.……dressedinclothesthatwerejustaboutasinexpensiveasyoucanbuy=dressedinthecheapestclothes.16.besupposedto=should被期望或要求，应该Eg.①Teachersaresupposedtoknowalot老师应该知道很多②Youarenotsupposedtosmokeinhere你在这里不可以抽烟17.avoid避免，回避，躲开avoiddoingsth避免做某事eg.Youhadbetteravoidreadinginthetrain。你最好避免在地铁上阅读。18.mindn.①内心，头脑，思维，想法，理智mindandbody心身，精神和肉体/absenceofmind出神，思想不集中②【u】记忆，bear(orkeep)inmind记在心头Anideacomesintomymind计上心头vt.①注意，听从，留心，当心MindwhatIsay!②专心于，从事于mindyourownbusiness！别管闲事vi.介意A：DoyoumindifIsmoke?我抽烟你不介意吧？B:I’msorry,butIdo抱歉，请勿抽烟注：mind后加名词或动名词，不能加动词不定式19.justabout差不多，几乎Eg.Justabouteveryintowncametohearthemayorspeak镇上几乎每个人都来听市长讲话20.as①as…as…像……一样前一个as为副词，后一个as为连词②conj.(表示时间)当……的时候Eg.IreadtheletterasIwalkedalongtheriver.21.getoff(动身，起飞，离开某地或出发)下车Eg.①Whattimewillyougetofftomorrow？你明天什么时候动身？②Jasonsawmeandgotoffthehorseimmediately。杰森看到我，立马从马上下来。22.decide决定（1）decidetodosthEg.①Thatdecidedmetoleavemyjob.那件事使我决定离职。②Hedecidedtogetmarried.他决定结婚。（2）decide+that从句IdecidedthatIwouldtellhimaboutit我决定要告诉他那件事23.goback返回Eg.①Thechildrenhavetogobacktoschoolnextweek下周孩子们就要返校了②Imaybegoingbackinthefall.我可能在秋天回去。24.beaboutto(急迫)即将eg.①Wewereabouttostart,whenitrained我们正要出发，这时下雨了。②Hecamejustasthebuswasabouttoleave。汽车刚要开他就赶来了。25.headfor……向（某处）行进eg.Theboatwasheadingforsomerocks.那船正驶向一些礁石26.pretend假装，借口，假托①pretend+名词②pretendtobeeg.Shepretendedtobebusy.她假装很忙③pretend+that从句eg.Theboypretendedthathewasill.那个男孩装病27.pleased.abj→反义词displeased高兴的，喜欢的①pleasedtoeg.Iamverypleasedtomeetyou.②pleased+with短语eg.I’mvery(much)pleasedwithwhathehasdone我对他的工作很满意③pleased+with+sbeg.Theteacherispleasedwithyou.老师对你很满意④pleased+with或about或at+stheg.Hewasverymuchpleasedatthenews.⑤pleased+that从句eg.I’mvery(much)pleased(that)you’redecidedtocome你决定来我很高兴⑥pleasedwithoneself得意洋洋eg.HewaslookingverypleasedwithhimselfsoIknewhehadpassedthedrivingtest.他看来得意洋洋，所以我知道他已通过驾驶考试。28.reply=answer回答，回复Eg.Whatasagereplyyougave!多聪明的回答啊.29.geton.骑上（马，自行车等），登上（车，船，飞机）eg.Iwanttogetonthebusandbuyabusroutemap.我想上车买张公共汽车路线图.30.afford+todosth常用在can,could,beableto之后担负得起（……的费用，损失，后果等）；抽得出（时间）eg.Atlast,wecanaffordahouse.我们终于买得起房子了Wecannotafford(tobuy)anewcar我们买不起新车Wecan’taffordtowastetimeandmoney我们不能浪费时间和金钱31．……andthechildrenturnoutrotten(1)=andthechildrenbecomeverybadpeoplewhentheygrowup.(2)turnout证明是（某人/某物），原来是，结果是eg.①Thejobturnedouttobeharderthanwethought这工作结果比我们想的要难。②Thefilmturnedouttobeagreatsuccess。这部影片结果是大获成功。32.gowrong出错，出故障eg.Somethinghasgonewrongwiththetelevision。33.leavefor离开某地去往eg.①Heleft(home)forthestationafewminutesago.几分钟前他离开家去车站了.②I’llleaveLhasaforBeijing.34.distant:adj远的,远隔的Eg.Hisstepsonisstillverydistanttowardshim.他的继子对他仍然很疏远。35.sharecompany在一起,陪伴,伴随（1）share：v分享，分配，共有Eg.①Childrenshouldbetaughttosharetheirtoys.应该教育孩子们分享玩具。②Hewouldsharehislastpoundwithme。他要是剩下最后一镑也会和我分着用。company：n公司，陪伴，同伴eg.①Ihategoingoutalone:Itakemydaughterforcompany.我不愿独自一人出门，带女儿做个伴。②Iworkinasmallcompany。36.eachother互相Eg.①Weshouldhelpeachotherandlearnfromeachother.②Theytookouttheirresentmentsoneachother.他们互相发泄怨气。37.purpose:n(同aim)①[C]目的,意图Eg.①dosthonpurpose故意做某事②Whatisthepurposeofyourvisit?你来访的目的是什么？②[U]意志,决意Heisfirm(weak)ofpurpose.他意志坚定(薄弱).③[U]效用,效果,意义38.takeover接管,控制,管理(国家,政党等)eg.①Whowilltakeoverthiscompany?谁将接管这家公司?②Hasthepartybeentakenoverbyextremist?该党是否已经被极端分子控制了?39.badlanguage粗野的话语eg.①Shepickedhimupforusingbadlanguage。她指责他出言不逊。②Theviolenceandbadlanguageintheprogramshockedmanyoftheviewers。节目中的暴力场面和难听的粗话使许多观众感到震惊。40.appearance：n出现，露面，外表eg.①Idon'twanttogotothepartybutI'dbetterputinanappearance,Isuppose.我不想参加那个聚会，可是我最好还是要露一下面。②Weshouldnotjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.我们不该以貌取人。41.careabout对…感到关切，操心或忧虑eg.①Don’tyoucareaboutthiscompany’sfuture？难道你不为公司的前途担忧吗？②Alls