年是怎么来的

年(Year)ChineseNewYearLunarNewYeartheSpringFestivalOriginofChineseNewYear

TheChineseNewYearisnowpopularlyknownastheSpringFestivalbecauseitstartsfromtheBeginningofSpring。Itsoriginistoooldtobetraced.Severalexplanationsarehangingaround.Allagree，however，thatthewordNian，whichinmodernChinesesolelymeans"year"，wasoriginallythenameofamonsterbeastthatstartedtopreyonpeoplethenightbeforethebeginningofanewyear.

OnelegendgoesthatthebeastNianhadaverybigmouththatwouldswallowagreatmanypeoplewithonebite.Peoplewereveryscared.Oneday，anoldmancametotheirrescue，offeringtosubdueNian.ToNianhesaid，"Ihearsaythatyouareverycapable，butcanyouswallowtheotherbeastsofpreyonearthinsteadofpeoplewhoarebynomeansofyourworthyopponents？"So，itdidswallowmanyofthebeastsofpreyonearththatalsoharassedpeopleandtheirdomesticanimalsfromtimetotime.

Afterthat，theoldmandisappearedridingthebeastNian.Heturnedouttobeanimmortalgod.NowthatNianisgoneandotherbeastsofpreyarealsoscaredintoforests，peoplebegintoenjoytheirpeacefullife.Beforetheoldmanleft，hehadtoldpeopletoputupredpaperdecorationsontheirwindowsanddoorsateachyear'sendtoscareawayNianincaseitsneakedbackagain，becauseredisthecolorthebeastfearedthemost.

Fromthenon，thetraditionofobservingtheconquestofNianiscarriedonfromgenerationtogeneration.Theterm"GuoNian"，whichmaymean"SurvivetheNian"becomestoday"Celebratethe（New）Year"astheword"guo"inChinesehavingboththemeaningof"pass-over"and"observe".Thecustomofputtingupredpaperandfiringfire-crackerstoscareawayNianshouldithaveachancetorunlooseisstillaround.

年的起源

春节始于中国农历，其起源因太古老，而无法考究。其中有一种说法是“年”原来是一种怪兽的名字。传说年有一张大嘴，一口能吞下很多人。人们很害怕。一天，一个老人来了，答应制伏年兽。老头跟年兽说：我听说你很厉害，可是你能吃了其他那些凶残的野兽吗？于是年兽就把很多其他野兽吃了，但同时也吃了不少家畜。后来，老头骑着年兽消失了，临走告诉人们，用红色的纸把门和窗装饰起来，以防年兽回来，因为年兽很害怕红色。至此，趋赶年兽的方法流传了一代又一代。过年这个词，也由原来的躲避年兽，变成现在的庆祝新年。过年帖红纸，放鞭炮的习俗延续了下来。Historical

TheChineselunaryear'sbeginningoftheyeariscalledtheSpringFestival.Chinesepeoplemostgrandtraditionalfestival,alsosymbolizestheunity,prosperously,willreposethenewhopetothefuturethefestival.Accordingtotherecord,theChinesepeoplecelebrateSpringFestivalhadmorethan4000yearshistory.HasmanyviewsaboutSpringFestival'sorigin,buttheviewwhichacceptsgenerallyforthepublicis,SpringFestivalemergesbyYuShun.

B.C.morethan2000yearsoneday,Shunistheemperorposition,isleadingthesubordinatepersonnel,worshipstheworld.Henceforth,thepeopletreatasthisdaythebeginningoftheyear.ItissaidthisisChinesenewyear'sorigin,afterwardwascalledtheSpringFestival.SpringFestivalinthepastalsocalledtheNewYear'sDay.SpringFestivalisatthisinJanuaryiscalledinJanuary.

OnSeptember27in1949,newChinaestablish,curingtonegotiatethemeetingfirstbatchplenarysessionintheChinesedomesticaffairsup,passedtouseintheworldingeneraluseChristianearbeginningofareign,JanuaryfirstthatchasestheChristianearsettlesfortheNewYear'sDay,beingsocalledtheGregoriancalendaryear;ThebeginningofJanuaryoflunarcalendaranusuallyallatsignthespringinfrontandback,asaresultchasethelunarcalendaratthebeginningofJanuarycertainlyfor"ChineseNewYear",besocalledthelunarcalendaryear.春节

中国农历年的岁首称为春节。中国人民过春节已有４千多年的历史，它是由虞舜兴起的。舜即天子位，带领部下，祭拜天地。从此，人们就把这一天当作岁首，算是正月初一。这就是农历新年的由来，后来叫春节。春节过去也叫元旦。春节所在的这一月叫元月。1949年9月27日，中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议决定在建立中华人民共和国的同时，采用世界通用的公元纪年。为了区分阳历和阴历两个“年”，又因一年２４节气的“立春”恰在农历年的前后，故把阳历一月一日称为“元旦”，农历正月初一正式改称“春节”。

ChineseNewYearCelebrationisthemostimportantcelebrationoftheyear.ChinesepeoplemaycelebratetheChineseNewYearinslightlydifferentwaysbuttheirwishesarealmostthesame;theywanttheirfamilymembersandfriendstobehealthyandluckyduringnextyear.

春节庆祝活动是一年中最重要的庆祝活动。中国人庆祝春节的方式可能略微不同，但其愿望几乎是相同的，他们希望其家人和朋友来年健康和幸运。

ChineseNewYearCelebrationusuallylastsfor15days.CelebratoryactivitiesincludeChineseNewFeast,firecrackers,givingluckymoneytochildren,theNewYearbellringingandChineseNewYearGreetings.MostofChinesepeoplewillstopthecelebratingintheirhomeonthe7thdayofNewYearbecausethenationalholidayusuallyendsaroundthatday,howevercelebrationsinpublicareascanlastuntilthe15thdayofNewYear.

春节庆祝活动通常持续15天。庆祝活动包括春节的年夜饭，放鞭炮，给儿童压岁钱，春节钟声和春节问候。大多数中国人将在春节的第7天停止庆祝活动，因为全国性节假通常在这一天结束，但在公共场所的庆祝活动可能最终持续到正月十五。HouseCleaning

房屋打扫

TocleanhousesontheNewYearEvenisaveryoldcustomdatingbacktothousandsofyearsago.Thedustistraditionallyassociatedwith“old”socleaningtheirhousesandsweepingthedustmeantobidfarewelltothe“old”andusherinthe“new”.DaysbeforetheNewYear,Chinesefamiliescleantheirhouses,sweepingthefloor,washingdailythings,cleaningthespiderwebsanddredgingtheditches.Peopledoallthesethingshappilyinthehopeofagoodcomingyear.

春节打扫房屋这个非常古老的习俗甚至可以追溯到几千年前。灰尘在传统上与“旧”联系在一起，所以打扫房屋和扫除灰尘意味着辞“旧”迎“新”。春节的前几天，中国的各家各户都打扫房屋，扫地，清洗日用品，清除蛛网和疏浚沟渠。人们兴高采烈做所有这些事情，希望来年好运。

Housedecoration

房屋装饰

Oneofthehousedecorationsistopostcoupletsondoors.OntheSpringFestivalcouplets,goodwishesareexpressed.NewYearcoupletsareusuallypostedinpairsasevennumbersareassociatedwithgoodluckandauspiciousnessinChineseculture.

房屋装饰之一就是在门上贴对联。在春联上，抒发良好的祝愿。春联通常是成对张贴，因为双数在中国文化中是好运气和吉祥的象征。

PeopleinnorthChinaareusedtopostingpaper-cutontheirwindows.Whenstickingthewindowdecorationpaper-cuts,peoplepasteonthedoorlargeredChinesecharacter“fu”Ared"fu"meansgoodluckandfortune,soitiscustomarytopost"fu"ondoorsorwallsonauspiciousoccasionssuchaswedding,festivals.在中国北方，人们习惯于在窗户上贴剪纸。人们既在窗户上贴剪纸，又在大门上贴上大大的红色汉字“福”字，一个红色“福”字意味着好运和财富，因此习惯上在婚礼，节日之类的吉祥场合中，人们都会在门或墙上贴“福”字。WaitingfortheFirstBellRingingofChineseNewYear

等待春节的第一声钟鸣

ThefirstbellringingisthesymbolofChineseNewYear.ChinesepeopleliketogotoalargesquareswheretherearehugebellsaresetuponNewYear’sEve.AstheNewYearapproachestheycountdownandcelebratetogether.Thepeoplebelievethattheringingofhugebellcandriveallthebadluckawayandbringthefortunetothem.Inrecentyears,somepeoplehavebegungoingtomountaintemplestowaitforthefirstringing.HanshanTempleinSuzhou,isveryfamoustempleforitsfirstringingofthebelltoheraldChineseNewYear.ManyforeignersnowgotoHanshanTempletocelebrateChineseNewYear.

第一次钟声是春节的象征。中国人喜欢到一个大广场，那里有为除夕设置的大钟。随着春节的临近，他们开始倒计数并一起庆祝。人们相信了大钟的撞响可以驱除霉运，带来好运。近年来，有些人开始去山上寺庙等待第一次钟声。苏州的寒山寺就非常著名，它的钟声宣布春节的到来。现在有许多外国人也去寒山寺庆祝春节。Stayinguplate("Shousui")

熬夜(“守岁”)ShousuimeanstostayuplateorallnightonNewYear‘sEve.Afterthegreatdinner,familiessittogetherandchathappilytowaitfortheNewYear’sarrival。守岁意味着除夕夜不睡觉。年夜饭后，家人聚坐一起，愉快聊天，等待春节的到来。

NewYearFeast

年夜饭

SpringFestivalisatimeforfamilyreunion.TheNewYear'sFeastis"amust"banquetwithallthefamilymembersgettingtogether.ThefoodeatenontheNewYearEvenbanquetvariesaccordingtoregions.InsouthChina,Itiscustomarytoeat"niangao"(NewYearcakemadeofglutinousriceflour)becauseasahomophone,niangaomeans"higherandhighereveryyear".Inthenorth,atraditionaldishforthefeastis"Jiaozi"ordumplingsshapedlikeacrescentmoon.

春节是与家人团聚的时间。年夜饭是所有家庭成员聚在一起“必须”的宴会。除夕宴会上吃的食物根据不同的地区各不相同。在中国南方，习惯吃“年糕”(糯米粉制成的新年糕点)，因为作为一个同音字，年糕意味着“步步高升”。在北方，年夜饭的传统饭是“饺子”或像月牙儿形的汤圆。SettingFirecrackers

燃放鞭炮

LightingFirecrackersusedtobeoneofthemostimportantcustomsintheSpringFestivalcelebration.However,concerningthedangerandthenegativenoisesthatlightingfirecrackersmaybring,thegovernmenthasbannedthispracticeinmanymajorcities.Butpeopleinsmalltownsandruralareasstillholdtothistraditionalcelebration.Rightastheclockstrike12o'clockmidnightofNewYear'sEve,citiesandtownsarelitupwiththeglitterfromfireworks,andthesoundcanbedeafening.Familiesstayupforthisjoyfulmomentandkidswithfirecrackersinonehandandalighterinanothercheerfullylighttheirhappinessinthisespecialoccasion,eventhoughtheyplugtheirears.

放鞭炮曾是春节庆祝活动中最重要的习俗之一。然而，担心燃放鞭炮可能会带来危险和烦人的噪音，政府已在许多大城市下令禁止燃放鞭炮。但在小城镇和农村地区的人们仍然坚持这种传统的庆祝活动。除夕夜一旦时钟撞响午夜12点钟，城市和乡镇都被烟花的闪闪光芒映亮，鞭炮声震耳欲聋。一家人熬夜就为这个欢乐的时刻，孩子们一手拿鞭炮，一手拿火机兴高采烈地点放着他们在这个特殊节日的快乐，尽管他们吓得捂着耳朵。

NewYearGreetings(BaiNian)

春节的问候(拜年)OnthefirstdayoftheNewYearorshortlythereafter,everybodywearsnewclothesandgreetsrelativesandfriendswithbowsandGongxi(congratulations)，wishingeachothergoodluck,happinessduringthenewyear.

在春节第一天或此后不久，大家都穿着新衣服，向亲戚和朋友打招呼并恭喜(祝贺)，彼此祝愿在新的一年里好运，幸福。

Onthefirstdayofthenewyear,it’scustomaryfortheyoungergenerationstovisittheelders,wishingthemhealthyandlongevity.Becausevisitingrelativesandfriendstakesalotoftime,now,somebusypeoplewillsendNewYearcardstoexpresstheirgoodwishesratherthanpayavisitpersonally.

春节第一天，按习惯，小一辈人要拜见老一辈，祝愿他们健康长寿。因为探亲访友花费大量时间，所以，现在有些忙碌的人就送春节贺卡来表达他们的良好祝愿，而不是亲自去拜访。LuckyMoney

压岁钱

ItisthemoneygiventokidsfromtheirparentsandgrandparentsasNewYeargift.Themoneyisbelievedtobringgoodluck,wardoffmonsters;hencethename"luckymoney".Parentsandgrandparentsfirstputmoneyinsmall,especially-maderedenvelopesandgivetheredenvelopestotheirkidsaftertheNewYear'sFeastorwhentheycometovisitthemontheNewYear.TheychoosetoputthemoneyinredenvelopesbecauseChinesepeoplethinkredisaluckycolor.Theywanttogivetheirchildrenbothluckymoneyandluckycolor.