外研版高中英语book 1 module 6 Grammar

高一外研版必修一Module6

TheInternetandTelecommunicationsGrammarLookatthesecompoundwordsfromthemoduleKeyboardType1:onewordCD-ROMType2:twowordswith“-”MobilephoneType3:twowordsCD-ROMhardwarekeyboardmobilephonehigh-speedcomputersystemsearchenginesoftwarecreditcardtextmessageinternalcallvideocamerainternationalcallDecidewhattypethesewordsare.CD-ROMhardwarekeyboardmobilephonehigh-speedcomputersystemsearchenginesoftwarecreditcardtextmessageinternalcallvideocamerainternationalcallType1:Type2:Type3:hardkeywebnetnotesoftMakecompoundwords,usingwordsfromtheboxes.Ex2P54boardsitebooktrafficbrowserwarediskwordpadworkhardwarehardboardharddiskkeyboardkeywordwebsitewebbrowsernetworknotebooknotepadsoftwareKeys:1.

合成词在英语中比较活跃。合成名词的数量很大，可以在句中作主语、宾语等。如：Sightseeing

tookupthewholemorning.（作________)主语Finallytheyreachedacross-roads.

(）

(作_________)

（观光）十字路口宾语

Smokingisnotallowedduringtake-off.(___________)(作___________)飞机的起飞

介词宾语

合成词常见的构词方法如下：

名词＋名词：

Earthworm()earthquake()蚯蚓地震形容词＋名词：

shorthand()double-dealer()速记的,速记言行不一的人动名词＋名词：

sleepingpills()waiting-room()安眠药片候车室动词＋名词：

break-water()pick-pocket()防波堤

扒手

名词＋动名词：

sun-bathing()hand-writing(

)日光浴

手写

动词＋副词：

get-together()break-through()聚会突破副词＋名词：

downfall(

)outbreak()垮台,堕落

爆发

另外，还有一些其他方式构成的合成名词：

go-between媒人，中间人

good-for-nothing无益的，无价值的

by-product副产品touch-me-not含羞草

2.合成形容词很多，多数作定语，有些也可作表语:Theyhelpedustomapoutalong-term()plan.()长期的作定语Open-air()exerciseswilldoyougood.()户外的作定语Areyouairsick?()()晕机的作定语Heislivelyandoutgoing.()()外向的作表语合成形容词常见的构此法如下:形容词+名词+-ed:good-tempered()好脾气的

noble-minded()高贵的，高尚的

形容词+现在分词

good-looking()长得好看的easy-going()容易相处的

副词+现在分词:hard-working()努力工作的far-reaching()深远的，广泛的名词+过去分词:state-owned()heart-felt()国有的衷心的名词+现在分词:peace-loving()epoch-making()爱好和平的开新纪元的副词+过去分词

well-known()widespread()著名的传播广的

名词+形容词:duty-free()self-satisfied()免税的自我满足的，自负的kind-hearted()ready-made()好心肠的做好的，现成的

口香糖

被雪覆盖的

三条腿的

新建的

造纸的

ExerciseTranslatethewords①well-being____________②has-been____________③data-bank____________④creditcard____________⑤bystander_____________⑥chewinggum____________⑦snow-covered___________⑧three-legged___________⑨newly-built____________⑩paper-making___________

幸福，福利

过时的人或物

数据库

信用卡

旁观者

Pluralforms:gentleman2.

good-for-nothing3.

looker-on4.

passer-by5.

comrade-in-armsgentlemengood-for-nothingslookers-onpassers-bycomrades-in-armsPluralforms

6.sister-in-law7.

mandoctor8.womanteacher9.

girlstudent10.boystudentsisters-in-lawmendoctorswomenteachersgirlstudentsboystudents冠词的定义冠词是置于名词之前、说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而单独存在。冠词有三种：即定冠词(definitearticle)、不定冠词

(indefinitearticle)和零冠词(zeroarticle)。不定冠词有两个形式，一个是a,另一个是an.a用在辅音(指的是音标不是指字母)开头的词前,an用在以元音开头的词前。auniversity,anumbrella,aEuropean,anexampleaone-actplayanhour不定冠词的基本用法①泛指某一类人或事物的一个。例如：Aboyiswaitingforyou.②表示某一类人或事物，相当于any,例如：Ahorseisananimal.③用于首次提到的人或物的单数名词前面。Anoldcockissittinginatalltree.④用于描写自然现象的名词前，表示“一阵”、“一场”、“一种”等。例如：

snowasnow一场雪showerashower一阵暴雨⑤用在抽象名词之前表示具体介绍：是什么样的人，是什么样的事物。例如：Thelittlegirlisajoytoherparents.Heisasuccess.Itisapleasuretoworkwithyou.Hedidmeagreatkindness.Whatagreatsurpriseyougaveme.定冠词的基本用法①特指某个或某些人或事物，或指谈话双方都知道的人或事物，或重复上文提到的人或事物。例如：Howdoyoulikethefilm?Therewasachairbythewindow.Onthechairsatayoungwomanwithababyinherarms.Thebabyisveryfat.②指世界上独一无二的事物。例如：Theearthisbiggestthanthemoon,butsmallerthanthesun.thesky;theuniverse;theatmosphere③用在单数可数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。如：Thelionismorefiercethanthewolf.ThecompasswasinventedinancientChina.④常用在乐器的名称之前。例如：playtheviolin/piano⑤用在某些专有名词前：在江河、山脉、海洋、湖泊、群岛的名词之前：theChangjiangRiver;theYellowRivertheSaltLake含有普通名词的专有名词之前theGreatWall;theTangDynasty;theWhiteHouse不加冠词的情况：①在大多数专有名词、泛指的抽象名词和物质名词前：Welovescience.Sheisfondofmusic.②在星期、月份、季节或节假日等名词前：NationalDay;NewYear’sDay;Women’sDay③在称呼语、表示头衔或职务的名词前What’swrongwithyou,Uncle?ThisisComradeYang,chairmanoftheStudents’Union.HereportedthistoMrBlack,headmasteroftheschool.在三餐饭和球类运动、棋类运动的名词前：Ilikericeforsupper.Let’sgoandwatchthemplaychess.Lookatthewords.Weusuallyusethedefinitearticles(the)withthem.Whydoyouthinkthisisnecessary?theInternettheWorldWideWebtheheadteachertheuniversetheworldthesuntheofficiallanguagethemoonthepresidentthecapitalThekey:Becausetheyareallunique—thereisonlyoneofthem.Finishactivity2.PossibleAnswers:Continents:Asia,Europe,Oceania;America,AntarcticaCountries:China,Argentina,Australia,India,France(exceptions:TheNetherlands,TheNetherlands,TheLebanon)Cities:Beijing,London,NewYork,Sydney,Shanghai(exceptions:TheHague)Pluralanduncountablenounsingeneralstatements:Snowiscold.Gunsaredangerous.Finishactivity3.Choosethecorrectarticletocompleteeachquestion.aatheaa1.Isthere(a/the)computeratyourschool?2.Doyouhave(a/the)lessoninthecomputerroom?3.Canyouaccess(an/the)Internetatschool?4.Haveyougot(a/the)phoneathome?5.Haveyougot(a/the)computerathome?1.Does______headmasterknowhowtouseacomputer?2.Are_______computerimportant?3.Canyouaccess______Internetatschool?4.Youneed______softwaretouseacomputer?5._______WorldWideWebisfullof_____websites.the/the/The/Completethesentenceswiththedefinitearticleifnecessary.Choosethebestanwsers1.

InHangzhouMrGreenwassostruckby____beautyof_____naturethathestayedforanothernight.A.

/;/B./;theC.the;/D.the;the2.Manypeoplearestillin_____habitofwritingsillythingsin______publicplaces.A.the;theB./;/C.the;/D./;the3.Fiveyearsagoherbrotherwas____universitystudentof_____physics.A.a;theB.an;theC.an;/D.a;/CCD4.Haveyouseen_____pen?Ileftitherethismorning.Isit________blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.

a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;a5.Ilove____historybecauseitgiveus______knowledgeofpastevents.A.

the,aB./;aC./;/D.a;theDB6.Summersin___southofFrancearefor___mostpartdryandsunny.

A./;aB.the;/C./;/ D.the;the7.Idon’tliketalkingon____telephone;Ipreferwriting_____letters.A.a;the B.the;不填C.the;theD.waskilling

DB8.Jumpingoutof___airplaneattenthousandfeetisquite____excitingexperience.A./;the B./;anC.an;anD.the;the9.Idon’tlike_____NewYorkatall. Butthisisn’t_____NewYorkyouremember.A.the;the B./;theC.the;/ D./;aCBFillinblanks_____Internetis_____biggestsourceof_____informationin____world,andit’saccessiblethrough_____computer.Thethe/theaTherulesforhowtousearticles:世界独一二次现，序词形容高级前；富人伤员按天算，方位乐器影视院；群岛河山江湖海，普专复合姓氏前；双知年代击中脸，特指事物及习惯。不用冠词有几点，呼语头衔职务前；星期月季节假日，专名球类及三餐；听音下棋各学科，正午睡觉是习惯；名前代词这那限，泛指事物不用冠。1.take/heface/heleg4.patsb.ontheshoulderSomethingimportantweshouldpayattentiontowhenusingarticles:thePeople’sRepublicofChinatheGreatWalltheUnitedStatesTianAnMenSquareBeiHaiParkBeijingUniversity=theUniversityofBeijingThe用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前。纯专有名词前一般不用the。1.inopenintheopen2.beinhospitalbeinthehospital3.attableatthetable4.gotobedgotothebed5.takeplacetaketheplaceofbydaybytheday7.inplaceofintheplaceof8.infutureinthefuture9.inclassintheclass10.insecretinthesecret11.Heisstillinoffice,sohestillhastherighttomakethisbigdecision.Heisstillintheoffice,asthelightinhisofficeison.12.MissTianisinchargeof

ourclass.Classoneisinthechargeof

MissTian.Things

of

a

kind

come

together,

so

do

people

of

a

mind.

Translate:物以类聚，人以群分。a=thesameA

Mr.

Smith

is

waiting

for

yououtside.a=acertain=someItisamostusefulbook.most=veryWhichis________largercountry,CanadaorAustralia?2.--Ifyoudon’tliketheredcoat,taketheblueone.--OK,butdoyouhave____biggersizeinblue?Thisone’sabittightforme.Englishis_____mostdifficultsubjecttolearn,butit’snot_____mostdifficultone.theaatheFormoreexercises,clickhere.go

by

train,go

by

boat,at

table,in

hospital,in

town,husbandandwife,penandink,fatherandson,dayandnight,handinhand,facetoface，neckandneck，stepbystep，fromtoptobottom，incaseoffire，frommorningtillnight，frombeginningtoend，atnoon/dawn/daybreak/dusk/night/midnight，catchfire，catchsightof，cometopower，takeoffice，Usefulphrasesgivebirthto,in

the

end,in

the

morning

(afternoon,evening),the

day

after

tomorrow,the

daybeforeyesterday,in

the

sky

(water,field,country),in

the

dark,in

the

rain,in

the

distance,in

the

middle

of,on

the

whole,intheway,by

the

way,go

to

the

theatre/cinema,ontheotherhand,intheleast,gotothedoctor’s,atthesametime,ontheradio/phonealittle,afew,alotof,ahundred,athousand,anumberof,apileof,agreatmany,asaresult,asarule,inahurry,inaminute,inaword,inashortwhile,afterawhile,haveacold,haveatry,keepaneyeon,all

of

a

sudden,anumberof,dosb.afavor,tellalie,asamatteroffact,ataloss,keepadiary高考题(10福建)It’s___goodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiWorldExpothatgivesthem___pleasure.A.不填,a B.a,不填 C.the,a D.a,the考点：冠词的使用解析：goodfeeling并非特指，故用a；pleasure是抽象名词，无需冠词。句意为“人们喜欢上海世博会给它们的快乐，这是（一）种不错的感觉”agoodfeeling,一种不错的感觉，givesbpleasure。B2.—Couldyoutellmethewayto____Johnsons,please?—Sorry,wedon’thave____Johnsonhereinthevillage.[2007全国卷II]A.the;the B.the;a C./;the D.the;/3.________walkisexpectedtolastallday,sobringpackedlunch.[2007山东卷]A．A;aB．The;不填C．The;aD．A;不填BC4.—Howabout_______Christmaseveningparty?—Ishouldsayitwas______success.[2007福建卷]a;a B.The;a C.a;不填 D.the;不填5.Ilookedunder_____bedandfound______bookIlostlastweek.[2007北京卷]A.the;aB.the;theC.不填;theD.the;不填BB6.Polarbearslivemostlyon______seaice,whichtheyuseas______platformforhuntingseals.[2007湖南卷]a;aB.a;theC.不填;aD.the;不填7.