Grammar【知识点睛+备课精研】 八年级英语下册 （牛津深圳版）

英语（牛津版）八年级下册EnglishBodylanguageGrammarUnit2Lookandsay.Usingthe“V+ing”structure.Smilingmeansyouarefriendlyandhappy.Cryingmeansyouaresad.SmileCryWhatdoesthisfacialexpressionmean?1课堂导入Whatdotheyenjoy?Theyenjoydrawingpictures.Theyenjoydancing.Lookandsay.Usingthe“V+ing”Whatistheboy/girlinterestedin?Theyareinterestedinsinging.Heisinterestedintakingphotos.Lookandsay.Usingthe“V+ing”Whatistheboy/girlgoodat?Sheisgoodat

studying.Heisgoodat

swimming.Lookandsay.Usingthe“V+ing”

Gerunds

Communicatingismorethanjustspeaking.Gerundsarenounsendingin-ing.Thesenounsrefertoactionsandactivities.2课堂活动Verb.GerundbeginbeginningcommunicatecommunicatingdancedancingholdholdingsighsighinglielyingWeformgerundsfromverbs.Thingstoremember•Gerundsareoftenuncountable.Wedonotaddaoranbeforethem.•Agerundcanhaveitsownobject.Debbielovesreadingpoems.Weusuallyformagerundbyadding________toa(verb/noun).Workouttheruleing1.V-ing:work-working2.以e结尾的去e+-ing:make-making3.以重读闭音节结尾的双写最后一个辅音字母,再+-ing:put-putting4.特例:lie-lyingdie-dying动名词的构成动名词的用法总结一1.动名词是以-ing结尾的名词。这些名词描述动作和活动。2.动名词可作主语、宾语以及表语等句子成分。3.我们通常通过在动词后加-ing来构成动名词。4.动名词通常都是不可数的，不能在前面加a或an。5.动名词可以有自己的宾语。

Smiling

showsthatyouarehappy.

Ballettrainingusuallystartsatanearlyage.

Dancingisherfavouritehobby.AGerundsassubjectsWecanuseagerundasthesubjectofasentence.Whenweuseagerundasthesubjectofasentence,themainverbisin(singular/plural)form.Workouttherule▲动名词作主语时，谓语用单数。Communicatingisnotjustspeaking.交流不仅仅是说话。▲两个或两个以上不同的动名词作主语，谓语用复数。Playingcomputergamesandplayingbasketballaremyhobbies.打游戏和打篮球是我的兴趣爱好。动名词的用法总结二S1:Whatcanshakingyourclosedhandshow?S2:Shakingyourclosedhandcanshowthatyou

areangry.shakeyourclosedhand/angryInpairs,askandanswerquestionsaboutthepictures.Followtheexample.restyourheadonyourhand/boredS1:Whatcanrestingyourheadonyourhandshow?S2:Restingyourheadonyourhandcanshowthatyou’rebored.sigh/sadS1:Whatcansighingshow?S2:Sighingcanshowthatyou’resad.closeyoureyes/thinkingS1:Whatcanclosingyoureyesshow?S2:Closingyoureyescanshowthatyou’rethinking.Debbieenjoys

smilingandalwayslooks

friendly.Weoftenusegerundsaftertheseverbs.considerfinishmindsuggestenjoyimaginepractiseWecanalsouseagerundastheobjectofasentence.BGerundsasobjectsThingstorememberWeoftenusegerundsafterprepositions.Debbieisgoodatcommunicatingwithpeople.IamlookingforwardtogoingtoBeijing.1.

英语中有一些动词（短语）后面常接动名词作宾语。如：

enjoy（like,love)

,suggest，mind,finish,practise,deny，avoid，admit,

keep,missHedeniedstealingmybike.

他否认偷了我的自行车。2.介词后要使用动名词。Heisgoodatdrawingpictures.

他善于画画。动名词的用法总结三3.常见的“动词＋介词+动名词”的短语有：prefer...to,beusedto,lookforwardto,feellike,giveup,keepon,insiston,succeedin等。Youmustgiveupsmokingatonce.你必须马上戒烟。Hedoesn’tfeellikedoinghishomework.

他不想做家庭作业。

4.用于某些惯用法中。例如：bebusydoingsth“忙于做某事”Motherisbusycookingdinnerinthe

kitchen.妈妈在厨房忙着做饭。(2)beworthdoingsth“值得做某事”Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。(3)It’snouse/gooddoingsth“做……无用/无好处”It’snousegoingtohimforhelp.向他寻求帮助没有用。Inpairs,askandanswerquestionsaboutthepictures.Followtheexample.S1:Whatdoestheboyenjoy?S2:Heenjoysreadingbooks.S1:Whatisthegirlpractising?S2:Sheispractisingclimbing

mountains.S1:Whatisthegirlinterestedin?S2:Sheisinterestedinplayingchess.S1:Whatisthegirlgoodat?S2:Sheisgoodatskiing.动名词1动名词的基本形式：动词原形+ing；否定式：not+动词原形+ing。2动名词在句中的作用：（1）作主语。如：Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。注意：动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。（2）作表语。如：HerJobisteachingEnglish.她的工作是教英语。（3）作宾语。如：Iliketravellingverymuch.我很喜欢旅游。（4）作定语。如：Thisisourreadingroom.这是我们的阅览室。语法总结3习惯接动名词作宾语的动词有：enjoy,finish,imagine,keep,mind,practise等。如：Mysisterenjoysplayingtennis.我姐姐喜欢打网球。Doyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意开窗吗？4动名词也可以在短语动词和介词后作宾语，习惯接动名词作宾语的短语有：beafraidof,bebusy,begoodat,beinterestedin,beworth,feellike,how/whatabout,lookforwardto,payattentionto,succeedin,thinkof等。如：Areyouinterestedinplayingchess?你对下象棋感兴趣吗？I’mlookingforwardtovisitingtheGreatWall.我盼望去参观长城。5接动词不定式或动名词均可且含义相同的动词有：begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue等。接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为。如：Helikestosing/singing.他喜欢唱歌。Itbegantorain/raining.开始下雨了。6以下动词接不定式和动名词意义大不相同：stoptodosomething停止手中事，去做另一件事stopdoingsomething停止正在做的事remember/forget/regrettodosomething记得/忘记/遗憾要做某事（指动作尚未发生）remember/forget/regretdoingsomething记得/忘记/遗憾做了某事（指动作已经发生）trytodosomething设法，努力去做，尽力trydoingsomething试试去做，看有何结果can’thelptodosomething不能帮忙做can’thelpdoingsomething忍不住要做goontodosomething接着做另外一件事goondoingsomething接着做同一件事meantodosomething打算做，企图做meandoingsomething意思是，意味着3课堂小结Wehavelearnedhowtousegerunds.三、单项选择1.Jackpractises______thepianofortwohourseveryday.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.played2.Ididn’tfinish_______myhomeworkuntil11∶30p.m.lastnight.A.doingB.todoC.doD.did3.Doyouenjoy_______thesechildren,MrSmith?A.teachB.taughtC.toteachD.teachingBAD4课堂练习4.I’msorryIforgot______thedictionarytoyou. A.returnedB.returningC.toreturnD.return5.Idon’tmind______somehouseworkathome. A.todoB.doingC.didD.do6.Allthechildrenarelookingforwardto______thenewcartoon. A.watchB.watchingC.watchedD.watches

CBB7.--Wouldyoulike______campingwithme?

--I’dliketo.ButI’mbusy______myhomework. A.togo;todo B.togo;doing C.going;todo D.going;doing8.

--WhereisMike?

--Idon’tknow.ButIsawhim____footballonthe

playgroundjustnow. A.toplay B.playing C.playedD.playsBB9.Whilewewererunningontheplayground,Jacksuddenlystopped_______andlayontheground,soweallstopped______whatwaswrongwithhim. A.torun;tosee B.running;seeing C.running;tosee D.ran;seeing10.Sarah,you’dbetterdrinkmorewaterafter___forsuchalongtime. A.run B.runs C.torun D.runningCD_________(take)awalkforawhileaftermealsisgoodforourhealth.ShespendshertimewatchingTVinsteadof________(study).It’simportant_________finish)theworkontime.Myfatherwasn’thappy,becauseIforgot________(do)myhomework.InordertolearnEnglishwell,youneedtopractice_______(speak)Englishmoreandmore.You’dbetter_______(take)themedicineontime.Lilycouldn’tstop_______(cry)whensheheardthebadnews.Takingstudyingtofinishtodospeakingtakecrying三、用单词的适当形式填空8.Whenyouleavetheoffice,pleasedonotforget________(turn)offthelights.9.Pleaseremindmeabout________(buy)apresentformymother.10.WhenIwasachild,Ioncedream