广东省东莞市中堂中学2021年高一英语期末试题含解析

广东省东莞市中堂中学2021年高一英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.——WhyareSouthChinatigers__________ofdisappearing?——Toomuchhunting.A.inpeace

B.inrelief

C.inreturn

D.indanger参考答案：D2.参考答案：AADBC略3.Thehappynewsquickly______throughthewholevillage.A.wasspread B.werespreading C.spread D.hadbeenspread参考答案：C4.Itlookslikerain,soyou’dbetter______withoutanumbrella.A.go

B.nottogo

C.going

D.notgo参考答案：D略5.Suddenly,anewidea_________tome________ImightstartanonlineshoptosellNankaibearwearinguniform.A.struck;that

B.occurred;which

C.happened;that

D.occurred;that参考答案：D“某人突然想到……”，用“somethingstricks/hitssomebody”或“somethingoccurstosomebody”。因此第一空处填occurred；根据句法分析，“________ImightstartanonlineshoptosellNankaibearwearinguniform.”是一个同位语从句，说明anewidea的具体内容，且不含疑问语气，因此第二空处填that。故D项正确。6.Heboughtsomebooksinthebookstoreandhisfather________himalotofmoney.A.gives

B.willgive

Coughttogive

Dmusthavedone参考答案：D7.It’sthe____inthecountrytogooutandpickflowersonthefirstdayofspring.

A.use

B.habit

C.custom D.normal参考答案：C解析：It’sthecustomtodosth.意为“做某事成为习惯。”本句句意为“在每个春天外出采花是这个国家的风俗”。8..Withfewpeople_____pigs,thepriceofpork_____.

A.rising;rises

B.raising;raises

C.rising;raised

D.raising;rises参考答案：D略9.LittleTommywaswillingtotelltheteacher_____hehaddonebefore.

A.which

B.how

C.where

D.What参考答案：D10.

---Canyoutellmewho_________forthischaos?

---_________thosedriverswhoonlythinkofthemselves.

A.toblame;Theyare

B.shouldbeblamed;Theyare

C.istoblame;Itis

D.isblamed;Itis参考答案：C11.LiMing,

totheblackboard;everybodyelsestayswhereyouare.Let’shaveadictation.A.comes

B.come

C.tocome

D.coming参考答案：B12.There'sabigdifferencebetweensayingyou'lldosomethingand

doingit.A.actually

B.frequently

C.gradually

D.certainly参考答案：A13.Janestudiedherparents’faces，butthey

nothingaboutthematter.

A.gaveaway

B.broughtup

C.heldup

D.carriedout参考答案：A21.Thenumberofpeopleinvited____________fifty,butanumberofthem__________absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;was

B.was;was

C.was;were

D.were;were参考答案：C15.Heisastrangemanandheisunpleasant______.A．tobeworkedwith

B．tobetalkedto

C．workingwith

D．toworkwith参考答案：D16.Jennydoesn’tagreewithherfather,butshe________thattohisface.A.darenottosay B.doesn’tdaretosay C.daresnotsay D.darenotsaying参考答案：B17.Withtheaudience______ather,

thelittlegirlfeltnervousonthestage．A.staring

B.tostare C.stare D.stared参考答案：A句意：观众们都盯着（staring）她看，小女孩在舞台上感到很紧张。本题考查的是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，其中“stare”与“theaudience”之间存在主动关系，且根据语境可知，是正在进行的动作，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。故选A。二、填空18.用所给单词的适当形式完成句子：（每空1分，共10分）6.Heconsideredthatthechangewouldbe_______________tohishealth.(benefit)7.Youarenot______________toleaveherewithouthis_____________.(permit)8.You’dbetter_____________toJimmy.Ofcourse,making_____________isnottheonlywaybutthemostdirectone.(

apologize)9.Peterhadthoughtthebosswas___________,buthewas____________andhefiredPeterwithout______________.(mercy)10.Sheistoo___________towardsherchildren;her_____________haslimitedtheirdevelopment.(protect)参考答案：6.beneficial

7.permitted;permission

8.apologize;apology

9.merciful;merciless;mercy

10.protective;protection略19.Chinesearethefirstpeopletohavetea.Onethousandandtwohundredyearsago，LuYuwroteabookcalled“TheClassicofTea”，whichishonored___41___“TheBibleofTea”．Thebookgivesadetailed___42___(explain)oftheorigin，theprocessingskillsandtheclassificationoftea.However,Chineseteaculturegoesfarbeyondtea___43___(it)．Takegreenteaforinstance，theidealtemperatureofthewatershouldbearound80℃.Ifthewateristoohot,nutrients(营养)intheteawill___44___(destroy)．Ontheotherhand，ifthewaterisnothotenough,thetea___45___(leaf)won’topenandyouwillmissthepleasantlyfreshflavor.SoChinesepeopleareused___46___drinkinghottea.WhenyouvisitaChinesefriend，yourfriendwill___47___(constant)addhotwatertoyouremptycupoftea.Itispolite___48___(offer)theteacuptoguestswithbothhands.Ofcourse，theguestsshouldpayrespectaswell,___49___(take)thecupwithbothhands.Talkingaboutaddingwatertotheteacup，thereis___50___saying:Winefull，fullcup.Teahalf，halfcup.Forwine，thefullcupsymbolizeswholeheartiness.Fortea，thehalfcupmeansmodesty.参考答案：41.as

42.explanation

43.itself

44.bedestroyed

45.leaves

46.to

47.constantly

48.tooffer

49.taking

50.a【分析】本文为说明文。本文介绍中国的茶文化。介绍了中国茶文化的历史、喝热茶的原因、喝茶礼仪、关于茶的俗语。【41题详解】考查语境及固定搭配。句意：一千二百多年前，陆瑜写了一本有关茶的书，被誉为《茶经》。behonoredas…为固定搭配，意为“被誉为…”，故填as.【42题详解】考查名词。句意：这本书详细介绍了茶的起源，茶的处理技术以及茶的种类。根据空前的detailed可知，空处被形容词修饰，可知，要用名词形式，故填explain的名词形式explanation。【43题详解】考查反身代词。句意：然而，中国的茶文化远远超过了茶本身。根据句意可知，这里需要反身代词，主语是“Chineseteaculture”是第三人称代词，故填itself。【44题详解】考查被动语态。句意：如果水太热，茶中的营养就可能会被破坏。根据句意，主语nutrientsinthetea和动词destroy之间为被动关系，要用被动语态，故填bedestroyed。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：相反如果水温不够，茶叶泡不开，就喝不到茶的香味。根据常识可知，该处的茶叶要用复数概念。故填leaves。【46题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：因此，中国人习惯喝热茶。beaccustomedto为固定搭配，意为“习惯于…”，故填to。【47题详解】考查副词。句意：当你到中国朋友家做客，你的朋友会不断地为你空了的茶杯添热水。分析句子可知，本空要用副词修饰动词add，因此要用形容词constant的副词constantly。【48题详解】考查不定式。句意：用双手给客人递茶杯是礼貌的。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了“It＋is/was＋adj.＋todosth.”的固定句式。It为形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故填tooffer。【49题详解】考查现在分词。句意：当然，客人也应该用双手接过茶杯表示尊重。分析该句结构可知，空处做伴随状语，且take与其逻辑主语theguests之间是主谓关系，故这里用现在分词做伴随状语，故填taking。【50题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：说起倒茶，中国有句俗话，叫做“酒满茶半”。酒倒满杯表示全心全意，茶倒半杯表示虚心诚恳。这里用不定冠词a泛指一句俗话，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。【点睛】现在分词作伴随状语和现在分词作结果状语的区别：1.首先，伴随状语的位置是可以在句首或者是句末；其次，它所表示的动作和谓语的动作同时发生，只不过谓语动词的动作为主要动作，分词动作为次要动作。如:Singingasong,hewalkedhome=Hewalkedhome,singingasong.他唱着歌回家去了。如本题的第9小题所在的句子Ofcourse,theguestsshouldpayrespectaswell，___9___(take)overthecupwithbothhands.当然，客人也应该用双手接过茶杯表示尊重。此句中，动作takeover和谓语动词的动作payrespect是同时发生的，且与主语是主动关系，故我们用现在分词taking做伴随的状语。2.结果状语的位置通常只能在句末，表示谓语动作所产生的结果。如:AterribleearthquakehappenedinChinain2008,causingthousandsofdeaths.2008年中国发生了一场大地震，造成了上万人死亡。Theteacherpassedaway,makingallthestudentsverysad.老师去世了，这使得所有学生非常难过注意：现在分词做结果状语时，一般表达的是自然而然引起的结果，若是意料之外的结果，一般用onlytodosth结构做结果状语。三、阅读理解20.Peoplewhohavelosttheabilitytounderstandorusewordsduetobraindamagearecalledaphasics（失语症患者）.Suchpatientscanbeextremelygoodatsomethingelse.Fromthechangingexpressionsonspeakers'facesandthetonesoftheirvoices,theycantellliesfromtruths.Doctorsstudyingthehumanbrainhavegivenanumberofexamplesofthisamazingpowerofaphasics.Somehaveevencomparedthispowertothatofadogwithanabilitytofindoutthedrugshiddeninthebaggage.Recently,scientistscarriedoutteststoseeifallthatwassaidaboutaphasicswastrue.Theystudiedamixedgroupofpeople.Somewerenormal;otherswereaphasics.Itwasprovedthattheaphasicswerefaraheadofthenormalpeopleinrecognizingfalsespeeches—inmostcases,thenormalpeoplewerefooledbywords,buttheaphasicswerenot.Someyearsago,Dr.OliverSackswroteinhisbookabouthisexperienceswithaphasics.Hementionedaparticularcaseinahospital.SomeaphasicswerewatchingthepresidentgivingaspeechonTV.Sincethepresidenthadbeenanactorearlier,makingagoodspeechwasnoproblemforhim.Hewastryingtoputhisfeelingsintoeverywordofhisspeech.Buthiswayofspeakinghadtheoppositeeffectonthepatients.Theydidn'tseemtobelievehim.Instead,theyburstintolaughter.Theaphasicsknewthatthepresidentdidnotmeanawordofwhathewassaying.Hewaslying!Manydoctorsseeaphasicsaspeoplewhoarenotcompletelynormalbecausetheylacktheabilitytounderstandwords.However,accordingtoDr.Sacks,theyaremoregiftedthannormalpeople.Normalpeoplemaygetcarriedawaybywords.Aphasicsseemtounderstandhumanexpressionsbetter,thoughtheycannotunderstandwords.8.Whatissosurprisingaboutaphasics?A.Theycanfoolotherpeople.B.Theycantellwhetherpeoplearelying.C.Theycanunderstandlanguagebetter.D.Theycanfindoutthehiddendrugs.9.Howdidthescientistsstudyaphasics?A.ByaskingthemtowatchTVtogether.B.Byorganizingthemintoactinggroups.C.Bycomparingthemwithnormalpeople.D.BygivingthemchancestospeakonTV.10.Whatdowelearnfromthistext?A.Whatonessaysreflectshowonefeels.B.Aphasicshavericherfeelingsthanothers.C.Normalpeopleoftentellliesintheirspeeches.D.Peoplepooratonethingcanbegoodatanother.参考答案：8.B

9.C

10.D试题分析：本文通过对aphasics(失语症患者)的研究，告诉我们一些在某些方面有缺失的人在另外的方面会有很大的发展。8.C细节题。根据第一段后3行Suchpatientscanbeextremelygoodatsomethingelse.Fromthechangingexpressionsonspeakers'facesandthetonesoftheirvoices,theycantellliesfromtruths.可知C正确。10.D推理题。根据文章最后一段owever,accordingtoDr.Sacks,theyaremoregiftedthannormalpeople.Normalpeoplemaygetcarriedawaybywords.Aphasicsseemtounderstandhumanexpressionsbetter,thoughtheycannotunderstandwords.可知在某一方面有所缺失的人在另外一方面会得到一定的补偿，会很擅长，故D正确。点评：本文通过对aphasics(失语症患者)的研究，告诉我们一些在某些方面有缺失的人在另外的方面会有很大的发展。要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，把握文章的真正内涵。要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础;要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从非凡到一般，通过分析、综合、判定等，进行深层处理，符合逻辑地推理。不能就是论事，断章取义，以偏概全。要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。21.Althoughvaccines(疫苗)arerequiredforentryintoschoolinmostplacesintheUnitedStates,thegovernmentdoesallowforexceptions,likereligiousreasons.Inthelastfewyears,theratesofvaccine-preventableillnesshavebeenontherise.Inmostcases,theseoutbreaksbeganwithchildrenwhowereunvaccinated.Todealwiththisthreat,someschoolsinNewYorkhavebeenrefusingtoallowunvaccinatedchildrentoattendschool.Severalparentsthoughtthiswasunfairandcharged.Justrecently,though,acourtruledinfavorofthecityschools.Thecourtmadetherightdecision.Vaccinepolicydependsnotonlyontheaddedprotectionthatvaccinesprovideforthosewhogetshots,butalsoonthedecreasedprobabilitythatanyonewillcomeintocontactwiththedisease.Thisisknownascommunityimmunity(免疫力).Itreferstothefactthatwhenenoughpeopleareimmunized,thentherereallycan’tbeanoutbreak.Andiftherecan’tbeanoutbreak,theneveryoneisprotected.Thisisimportantbecausetherearepeoplewhocannotbegivenimmunizationsforvariousreasons.Forexample,smallbabiescan’tbegivenallvaccines.In1995,thechickenpox(水痘)vaccinewasintroducedintheUnitedStates.Overtime,moreandmorechildrenreceivedit.In2011,astudylookedathowtheprogramaffectedthenumberofchildrenwhodiedfromthedisease.Thefirstthingnotedinthepaperwasthatdeathfromchickenpoxwentdownconsiderablyafterthevaccinewasintroduced.From2001though2007,theratesofdeathremainedmuchlower,withjustafewchildrendyingfromchickenpoxnationallyeachyear.What’smore,from2004through2007,notonechildlessthan1yearofagediedintheUnitedStatesfromchickenpox.Thisisimportantbecausewecannotgivethechickenpoxvaccinetobabies.Inotherwords,allthosebabiesweresavednotbecausewevaccinatedthemagainstthisillness,butbecauseolderchildrenwerevaccinated.Therefore,peoplewhorefusetovaccinatetheirchildrenaren’tjustputtingthemselvesatrisk-they’reputtingeveryoneelseindanger,too.32.Whosebenefitdidthejudgestakeintoconsideration?A.Schoolleaders’. B.Students’.C.Severalparents’. D.Unvaccinatedkids’.33.Whatisneededtopreventdis