Islam(伊斯兰英文版)

11级英教1班第二组蔡金蓉Islam1.Theestablishmentand

ExpansionofIslamism

2.Doctrines(教义)

3.Influence4.CulturecontentIntroductionTheArabicmeaningofIslamissubmissiontoGod/Allah;Theword“Islamic”inChineseliterallymeanspureandsincere.IslambeganinArabiaandwasrevealedtohumanitybytheProphetMuhammad.ThosewhofollowIslamarecalledMuslims.MuslimsbelievethatthereisonlyoneGod.TheArabicwordforGodisAllah.Prophet

Muhammad:anArabholyman,borninmecca,whostartedthereligionofIslamandwasitsmostimportantprophet.wordsdeliveredtohimbyGodwerelaterwrittendowntoformtheholybookcalledtheKoran.Themajorsects

（宗派，派别）

1．SunniIslam(逊尼派)Ithasthelargestpopulation.InChina,mostMuslimsbelongtothissect.2．Shī‘aIslam(什叶派)Thissecthasasmallpopulation,mainlydistributedinIran,Iraq,PakistanandIndia.（一）SixBeliefs（六大信条））（二）FiveDuties（五功）DoctrinesSixBeliefs六大信条

BelieveinAllah信安拉

BelieveinProphets信使者

BelieveinAngel信天使

BelieveinBookssentbyGod信经典

BelieveinDayofJudgement信末日

BelieveinDestiny信前定Fiveduties（五功）Professionoffaith(念功)“ThereisnogodbutGod,andMuhammadistheMessengerofGod”（万物非主，唯有真主,穆罕默德是主的使者）Prayer(礼功)-topray5timesadayFasting(斋功)-noeatinginSeptemberCharity(课功)-topaytaxPilgrimage(朝功)-pilgrimagetoMecca（去麦加朝圣）Prayer(礼功)thedaily5timesprayerSalatal-Fajr

晨礼（sunrise）Zuhr

响礼（atnoon）Asr

晡礼(afternoon）Maghrib

昏礼（sunset）Isha

宵礼（evening）Fasting（斋功）

ThewholeSeptemberofeveryyearisforfastingMuslimsareprohibitedfromeating,drinking,smoking,andengaginginsexualintercoursefromdawntosunsetPilgrimage(朝功)1.promotetheunityofloosetribe部落andtribalculturehasbeendeveloped(使各个地区的文化得以传播、交流)2.Thecrystalofmankindandhugedevelopmentofscience(人类伟大文明的结晶及科学技术事业的发展)3.ThespreadofIslaminChinaInfluence1.1TheunityofloosetribeItisthemajorcontributionofIslam.MohammedunifytheArabianpeninsula阿拉伯半岛throughmanymethods,suchaswar(BattleofMecca),commerce，politics，migrationsandsoon.1.2thedeveloping

tribalcultureMuslimsbuiltthe

mosque

清真教,schools,libraries,hospitalsIslamexpandedArabic阿拉伯语,communicationbecameconvenientpromotethedevelopmentoftheeconomy.

AchievementsofcivilizationdevelopedquicklyFamousInventionanddiscoveryPrecisenauticalchart航海图3.thespreadofIslaminChinaIn651（Tangdynasty）,IslamwasspreadtoQuanzhou泉州、Guangzhou广州SunniIslam(逊尼派)isthemainreligionamongChina’sMuslimsMostmuslimsliveintheareasoftheXingjiangUygurautonomousregion,NingxiaHuiautonomousregionandfourautonomouspefecturesand13autonomouscountiesinotherpartsofChina.Muslisms’DistributioninChinaFestivalsCustomsArchitecturecultureEidAl-Fitr(开斋节)Maulidal-Nabi(圣纪节）Eidal-Adha(宰牲节)

MajorFestivalsEidAl-Fitr(开斋节,肉孜节,大尓德)InSeptember,Muslimsdonoteatuntilthesunset.ThisperiodiscalledRamadan“闭斋”ThefirstcrescentdayafterSeptemberistheEid-ul-Fitr“开斋节”.peoplewillgettogetherandhaveagrandcelebration.

Maulidal-Nabi(圣纪节）

MuhammadwasbornonSeptember23rd,570ADanddiedonthesamedatein632AD.That`swhy圣纪isalsocalled圣忌OnMaulidal-Nabi(圣忌日)，March12thinMuslimcalendar,Muslimsholdholycelebration，readQu`ran（古兰经），andadmiretheachievementsofMuhammad.TheQur'an

Eidal-Adha宰牲节，古尔邦节

OnMuslimcalendarDecember10th,peolekilltheirlivestocksuchascattle,goats,camelsandexchangepresentswitheachother.Customs大小净：Beforeenteringthetemplepeopleneedtocleanthemselvesfromheadtotoe不吃猪肉：Muslimsdonoteatpork,deadanimals,blood,especiallythemeatofdonkeys,mulesanddogs.Itisforbiddentodrinkalcohol.pullednoodles(拉面）

右手：Peopleusetheirrighthandstoservethetea,carrybowlsands