江西财经大学国际结算课件第一章

InternationalSettlement国际结算

主讲人：王慧主要内容第一部分简介第二部分国际结算工具——流通票据汇票；本票；支票第三部分基本结算方式汇款;托收;信用证;保付代理;福费廷；保函第四部分单据发票；运输单据；保险单据等等参考书目《InternationalPaymentsandSettlements》,王益平主编，清华大学出版社大学出版社，2009。《新编国际结算与案例（英文版）》，朱文忠编，对外经贸大学出版社，2010；《UCP600详解》，顾民著，对外经贸大学出版社，2009；《香港银行押汇实务》，于强著，浙江大学出版社，2006；《UCP600制单兑用实务手册》,顾民著，对外经贸大学出版社，2008。《UCP600与ISBP681述评及案例》，黄飞雪，李志洁著，厦门大学出版社，2009。《福费廷》，周红军著，中国海关出版社，2008。《国际保理：金融创新及法律实务》，黄斌著，中国法律出版社，2006。Periodicals:《对外经贸实务》,《国际经贸探索》references

(汇通天下国际结算网)第一章国际结算概述1.1国际结算概念1.2国际结算发展过程1.3代理行关系

1.1国际结算概念

两个不同国家的当事人，不论是个人、单位、企业或政府间因为商品买卖、服务供应、资金调拨、国际借贷而需要通过银行办理的两国间的货币收付业务，叫做国际结算。用一句话来说，结清国与国之间债权债务关系活动即国际结算。

金融活动:国际贸易结算:Visibletrade/有形贸易/商品贸易非贸易结算Invisibletrade/无形贸易/服务贸易政府间支付金融交易

1.2国际结算的发展过程

1.从现金结算到非现金结算2.从直接结算到间接结算3.从简单的价格条件到复杂的价格条件4.从商品买卖到单据买卖5.从纸质单据到电子单据

SWIFT:SocietyforWorldwideInter-bankFinancialTelecommunicationSWIFT的成员资格Memberbank:AmongthemembercountriesofSWIFT,theheadofficesofthosebankswhichobtainthelicensesofdoingforeignexchangebusinesscanbeappliedtobememberbanksofSWIFTSub-memberbank:会员银行在海外的全资附属银行或持股份额达90％以上的银行，可以申请为sub－memberbank。Participant:Non-bankfinancialinstitutescanappliedtobeparticipants.ButparticipantsareonlyallowedtousepartofitsmessagesSWIFT银行识别代码

Itiscomposedby4parts:bankcode(4letters);countrycode(2letters);locationcode(2lettersornumbersrepresentingthecity);branchcode(3lettersornumbersrepresentingthecityofthebranch)中国银行上海分行：BKCHCNBJ300中国农业银行江西分行ABOCCNBJ140中国工商银行总行ICBKCNBJ交通银行总行COMMCNSH中国人民银行总行PBOCCNBJ中信实业银行总行CIBKCNBJSWIFT电文格式分类（messagetype）根据银行的实际业务运作，swift标准格式部门和银行共同开发10大类电文格式：一客户汇款和支票（customertransfersandcheques）二银行头寸调拨（financialinstitutiontransfers）三外汇买卖（foreignexchange）四托收（collections）五证券（securities）六贵金属和辛迪加（preciousmetalsandsyndications）七跟单信用证和保函（documentaryL/Csandguarantees）八旅行支票（traveler'scheques）九银行帐务十SWIFT系统电报每一类包含若干组(group)，每一组又包含若干格式（type）,每个电报格式由三位数字组成。MajorpaymentsystemsCHIPSFEDWIRECHAPSTARGET

米兰买方日那亚卖方货币兑换商货币兑换商3.书面证明5.书面证明6.当地货币7.定期结算1.当地货币付货款

2.书面证明4.货物1.3代理行关系代理行协议控制文件specimenofauthorizedsignaturesTelegraphictestkeysscheduleoftermsandconditionsSWIFTauthentickeyInter-bankaccounts/银行间账户

Nostroaccount（我帐、往帐）Vostroaccount（你帐、来帐）

TradetermsINCOTERMS2010Rulesforanymodeoftransport:EXWFCACPTCIPDATDAPDDPRulesforseaandinlandwaterwaytransport:FASFOBCFRCIFFOB卖方

出口清关.把货物交到指定船舶上.承担货物越过指定船舶船舷之前的风险.买方安排装运货物。承担货物越过指定船舶船舷之后的风险。进口清关。CIF卖方

出口清关安排保险，支付保费安排装运，并支付至目的地的运费承担货物越过指定船舶船舷之前的风险买方承担货物越过指定船舶船舷之后的风险支付货款进口清关Chapter2NegotiableInstruments

2.1Generalintroduction2.2Billsofexchange2.3Promissorynotes2.4Cheque2.1GeneralIntroduction2.1.1Whatisanegotiableinstrument?

Anegotiableinstrumentisaninstrumenttherightsonwhichcanbetransferredeasilyfromonepersontoanother.Inabroadsense,itreferstoanycommercialtitleownership,suchasbillsoflading,insurancepolicies,warehousewarrants,checks,drafts,promissorynotes,etc.

Inanarrowsense,itisawrittendocumentthatcontainsanunconditionalpromisebythedrawertopaythepayeeoranunconditionalorderbythedrawertothedraweetopaythepayeeafixedamountofmoneyatadefinitetime.Suchasbillsofexchange,promissorynotes,andchecks.2.1.2Characteristicsofnegotiableinstruments金钱债权性设权性NegotiabilityRequisiteinformNon-causativenaturePresentmentReturnabilityLiterallydeterminedcontent(文义性)2.1.3Functionsofnegotiableinstruments

Asapaymentinstrument;Asacreditinstrument;Asatransferableinstrument;Asameansforoffsetbill

orderbillBuyer/drawerSeller/payeedrawee2.1.3Functionsofnegotiableinstruments

Asameansforoffsetbill

orderbillseller/BCo./buyerCCo./sellerbuyer/ACo.2.1.4PartiestoanegotiableinstrumentDrawer:

thepersonwhodrawsadraft,acheckorapromissorynote.Forthepromissorynote,thedrawerisalsocalledthemaker.whendrawinganinstrument,thedrawerengagedthat,onduepresentment,theinstrumentwillbeacceptedandpaidasspecified.DraweeThepartyuponwhomadraftoracheckisdrawnPayee

thepartytowhomthemoneyistobepaid.EndorserEndorseeAcceptorGuarantorHolder

HolderforvalueHolderinduecourse/bona-fideholderThebilliscompleteandregularonitsface.Theholderdidnotnoticeanydefect.Theholdertakesthebillingoodfaith.Theholdertakesthebillforvaluehimself.

billpickedupandlosttransferredOrderitforvalueacceptedgift

draweeACDEBF2.1.5NegotiableinstrumentlawsUniformLawforBillsofExchangeandPromissoryNotesofGenevaof1930UKBillsofExchangeActof1882China“theNegotiableInstrumentLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina”

2.2BillsofExchange2.2.1Whatisabillofexchange?

IntheUKBillofExchangeActof1882,abillofexchangeisdefinedas“anunconditionalorderinwritingaddressedbyonepersontoanother,signedbythepersongivingit,requiringthepersontowhomitisaddressedtopayondemandoratafixedordeterminablefuturetimeasumcertaininmoneytoortotheorderofaspecifiedpersonortobearer.”2.2.2EssentialitemsrequiredinabillofexchangeExchangeforUS$1,000Shanghai,March5,2013At30daysaftersightpaytotheorderofABCBankthesumofonethousandUSdollarsonly.To:BCDBankNewYork,USAForChinaImport&ExportCo.(AuthorizedSignature)Theword“Exchange”TheUKActhasnospecificrequirementforit;theUniformLawofGenevastipulatesclearlythat“BillofExchange”mustbeinsertedinthebodyofabill.AnunconditionalordertopayafixedamountofmoneyNameandaddressofthedraweeItmustbereasonablyclearanddefinite.

Drawer’ssignatureDateandplaceofissueNameofthepayee

Restrictedorder“payACo.only.”“PayACo.nottransferable.”“PayACo.”plus“NotTransferable”onthefaceofthedraft.

Demonstrativeorder“PayACo.ororder.”“PaytotheorderofACo.”“PayACo.”

Payabletobearer“Paybearer”“PayACo.orbearer”

Tenor

payableondemand;payableatafixedtimeaftersight;payableatafixedtimeafterdate;payableonafixedfuturetime.PlaceofpaymentAfixedamountofmoney2.2.3ActsofabillofexchangeIssue

Todrawandsignadraftanddelivertothepayee

function

Endorsement

Theholdersignsonthebackofadraftanddeliversittotheendorsee.

function

fivekindsofendorsements:

Blankendorsement

Itshowsanendorser’ssignatureonlyandspecifiesnoendorsee.ForACo.signed

Specialendorsement

“paytotheorderofB,ForACo.(signed)”

RestrictiveendorsementpaytoBonly(ornottransferable)ForACo.(signed)ConditionalendorsementPaytotheorderofBCo.onthedeliveryofgoodsForACo.(signed)EndorsementforcollectionForcollectionpaytotheorderofABankForBBankSignedTheendorserinstructstheendorseetocollectthemoneyforhim.Theendorserhasthetitleofthedraft.PresentationPresentationforacceptancePresentationforpaymentThetimeforpresentationIftheholderfailstodoasrequired,itwillloseitsrightofrecoursetoitspriorparties.TheplaceforpresentationTheUKlawTheUniformlawChina’slawPaymentpresentationforasightbillWithinareasonabletimeWithinoneyearafterissuingWithinonemonthafterissuingAcceptancepresentationforatimedraft(onlyfor“见票后定期付款”)WithinareasonabletimeWithinoneyearafterissuingWithinonemonthafterissuingPaymentpresentationforatimedraftOntheduedateOntheduedateorwithin2daysaftertheduedateWithin10daysaftertheduedateAcceptanceThedraweesignsonthefaceofthebillanddeliverittotheholderFunctionGeneralacceptance

AcceptedMarch2,2004ForBankofChina,JiangxibranchsignedQualifiedacceptance:ConditionalacceptanceAcceptedPayableprovidedthegoodsareuptostandardForBankofChina,Jiangxibranchsigned(2)PartialacceptanceAcceptedPayablefor50%ofamountofthedraftonlyForBankofChina,Jiangxibranchsigned(3)LocalacceptanceAcceptedPayableatABCBankonlyForBankofChina,JiangxibranchsignedPaymentPaymentinduecourseismadebythedraweeoracceptortotheholder,andmadeatorafterthematurityingoodfaithandwithoutnoticethattheholder’stitleindefective.functionDishonordishonorbynon-acceptancedishonorbynon-payment.Noticeofdishonor

Intheeventofdishonor,allpartieswhoremainliableonthebillshouldbenotedofthedishonor.Theholdercangivenoticetohisowntransferorortoallhispriorparties.ABCDE

F

Protest:

AwrittenstatementdrawnandsignedbyaNotaryPublicorotherauthorizedpersonforthepurposeofgivingevidencethatabillofexchangehasbeenpresentedforacceptanceorforpaymentbutdishonored.TheUniformLawrequiredprotestwhenfacingdishonor;accordingtotheUKlaw,fortheinlanddraft,protestisnotnecessary,foraforeignbill,protestisnecessarywhendishonor.Recourse

conditionamount

Guarantee

Itisperformedbyathirdpartycalledguarantorwhoengagesthatthebillwillbepaidifitisasightbilloracceptedandpaidatmaturityifitisatimebill.

theguarantorstandssurelyforadebtorsuchasdrawer,endorser,oracceptorandassumeshisindebtednesstotheholder.theguarantormustspecifyforwhoseaccounttheguaranteeisgiven.Intheabsenceofsuchanindication,forasightbill,theguaranteedisthedrawer,foratimebill,itistheacceptor.GuaranteeForaccountof__NameoftheguarantorsignedAcceptanceforhonorItmeansthat,whenabillhasbeenprotestedfornon-acceptance,anypersonnotbeingapartyalreadyliableonthebillmay,withtheconsentoftheholder,acceptthebillforthehonorofanypartytothebill.DrawerpayeeholderACDE

BdraweeFacceptorforhonor1presentforacceptancebutdishonored

2AcceptsforhonorofC3.Presentforpaymentbutdishonored4.Makepaymentforhonor5claimpayment5Paymentforhonor2.2.4ClassificationofbillsofexchangeAccordingtothetenorSightbill(sightdraftordemanddraft)

usancebill(timedraftortermdraft)2.

AccordingtothedrawerBanker’sdraft&trader’sbill3.AccordingtotheacceptorBanker’sacceptancebill&trader’sacceptancebill4.AccordingtowhethercommercialdocumentsareattachedtheretoCleanbill&documentarybillExercisesMakechoiceofwhetherthefollowingbillsareacceptableornot.Markxbeforeacceptableorunacceptableyouchosen.Abillshows:paytoABCCvidingthegoodsincompliancewithcontract.Itis□acceptable/□unacceptable2)Abillshows:paytoABCCo.thesumoftenthousandUSdollarsonconditionthatshipmentofgoodshasbeenmade.Itis□acceptable/□unacceptable(3)Abillshows:ondemandpaytotheorderofABCCo.thesumoftwentythousandUSdollarsdrawnagainstshipmentof10balescottonpiecegoodsfromTianjintoLondon.Itis□acceptable/□unacceptable(4)Abillshows:paytoABCCo.outofproceedsofsaleofwoolenblanketsthesumofonethousandUSdollars.Itis□acceptable/□unacceptable(5)Abillshows:payfromourNo.2accounttoABCCo.thesumofonethousandUSdollars.Itis□acceptable/□unacceptable(6)Abillshows:paytoABCCo.ororderthesumofonethousandpoundsanddebitourNo.2account.Itis□acceptable/□unacceptable(7)Abillshows:aftercustomsclearancepaytotheorderofABCCo.thesumoftenthousandpounds.Itis□acceptable/□unacceptable

(8)Abillshows:paytoMarythesumoffiftypoundsandgiveherasuitofclothes.Itis□acceptable/□unacceptable(9)Abillshows:paytotheorderofABCCo.thesumoftenthousandpoundsplusinterest.

Itis□acceptable/□unacceptable2.(1)abillispayableatxxdaysaftersight,whatdateisthedayfromwhichtimeofpaymentbeginstorun?(2)abillispayableatxxdaysafterdate,whatdateisthedayfromwhichtimeofpaymentbeginstorun?(3)thematurityofonemonthafter31Jan.is()(4)thematurityoftwomonthsafter28Feb.is()3.Accordingtothefollowinginformation,drawbillofexchange.Dateofissue:24Feb.2004Amount:USD4,242.00Tenor:atsightDrawer:ShermanMortorInc.,NewYorkDrawee:theChaseBankN.A.,NewYorkPayee:ShermanMortorIncorporation’sorder.4.Accordingtothefollowingflowchart,choosetherightinformation.drawerpayeethefirsttheseondtransfereetransfereeDPCEADrawee/acceptorCisa□holderinduecourse/□holderforvalue/□holderIfCnegotiatesthebilltoE,Eisa□holderinduecourse/□holderforvalue/□holderIfthebillisunpaidbyA,E□may/□maynotclaimfromC.E□may/□maynotclaimfromP.E□may/□maynotclaimfromD.(4)C□may/□maynotclaimfromP;C□may/□maynotclaimfromD.(5)P□may/□maynotclaimfromD.(6)E’stitle□is/□isn’tsuperiortoP’s.E’stitle□is/□isn’tsuperiortoC’s.(7)C’stitle□is/□isn’tsuperiortoP’s.billgoodsBillasgiftNegotiatedtoclothes5.Accordingtothefollowingdraft,dotheexercises.ExchangeforGBP5,000.00London,1Apr.2013At60daysaftersightpaytotheorderofBankofAustraliathesumoffivethousandpoundsonlyToTheImportingCo.,MelbourneForTheExportingCo.Londonsignature2.GeneralcrossingspecialcrossingoutofdatepostdatedamountinfigureandwordsblankendorseSpecialendorserestrictendorseDocumentarybillsightbillTimedraftacceptancebillDeterminablefuturetimecleandraftNegotiableinstrumentdiscountingbankMerchantbankunconditionalpaymentpromiseJointliability90daysafterdate

v.1.ThedrawerisChinaNationalCraftsImport&ExportCorp.,S.B.2.ThedraweeisABCCo.,London.3.ThepayeeistheBankofChina4.Atenordraft.5.Abillofexchangeintwosets.6.Shanghai.VIExchangeforUS$100,000Shanghai,Aug.252013AtsightpaytotheorderofG&HCompanythesumofUSdollarsonehundredthousandonly.To:DEFBankForABCCo.NewYorkShanghai(signed)7.CheckforUS$2,300（1）March21,2008payto（2）theorderofMrs.WarrenthesumofU.S.dollars（4）twothousandthreehundredonly.ToHongkongandShanghaiBankingCorp.LtdForJoeWilliamsPacificBank,cityofficesigned2.3promissorynotes2.3.1whatisapromissorynote?AccordingtotheUKBillofExchangeActof1882,apromissorynoteisdefinedas“anunconditionalpromiseinwritingmadebyonepersontoanothersignedbythemaker,engagingtopay,ondemandoratafixedordeterminablefuturetime,asumcertaininmoneyto,ortotheorderof,aspecifiedpersonortobearer”.2.3.2EssentialitemsofapromissorynotePromissoryNoteForGBP1,000.00London,March52013At90daysafterdatewepromisetopayABCCompanyororderthesumofonethousandpoundsonly.

ForCharteredBankLondonSignedTheword“promissorynote”clearlyindicated;Anunconditionalpromisetopay;Nameofthepayee;Signatureofthemaker;Placeanddateofissue;Tenor;Asumcertaininmoney;Placeofpayment.2.3.3differencebetweenabillandanoteBillofexchangeAnordertopay.Athree-partyinstrument.Wherepayableafterdate,abillisgenerallyaccepted.PromissorynoteApromisetopayAtwo-partyinstrumentNeveracceptedWherepayableaftersight,abillmustbepresentedforacceptancetofixthematuritydateofthebill,andpresentationforacceptanceisnecessarytorenderthepriorpartiesliable.Canbeacceptedforhonor.Neveraccepted.Butanotecanbemadepayableaftersightaccordingtouniformlaw.suchanotemustbepresentedforvisaofthemaker.（签见）Thevisadateisusedtofixthematuritydateofthenote.Neveracceptedforhonor2.3.4TypesofnotesTrader’snoteThemakerisatrader,say,anindividualoranenterprise.Banker’snoteItismadebyabank,usuallyondemand.Inchina,promissorynoteonlyreferstosightbanker’snotesUSD100,000.00AtlantaGAOct.6,2012atseventydaysafterdatewepromisetopaytotheorderofbearerthesumofonehundredthousandUSdollarspayableattheFirstNationalBankofChicago,Chicago,IllinoisoratFultonNationalBank,mainoffice,Atlanta,GeorgiaValuereceivedNotvalidunlessauthenticatedbytheFirstNationalBankofChicagoasissuingagentDueDec.15,2012forHavertyFurnitureCo.signatureSeniorVicePresidentandTreasurerNoteforGBP100London,21Jan.,2013Ondemandwepromisetopaybearerthesumofonehundredpounds

ForBankofEuropeLondonSignatureCentralbanker’snoteDemandnoteissuedbycentralbankpayabletobearerandwithspecifiedamountofmoney.NegotiablecertificateofdepositACDmeansaninstrumentcontaininganacknowledgmentbyabankthatthebankhasreceivedacertainamountofmoneyandpromisestorepayit.VariousbondsInternationalmoneyorderManufacturershanovertrustcompanyNewYork,N.Y.10015Paytotheorderof_________2004Amount_______patatyourbuyingrateforexchangeonNewMaximumoftwothousandYorkUnitedStatesDollarsfivehundred(USD2,500.00)__________________U.S.dollarsnotvalidunlesscounterManufacturershanoversignedabovetrustcompanyNewYork,N.Y.10015(authorizedsignature)POBox6EastcheapABCBankLondonEC3ALondon,_____ABCbankcertifiesthatthesumof_____poundssterlinghasbeendepositedontermsthatispayabletobeareronsurrenderofthiscertificates,throughanauthorizedbank,at6EastcheapLondonEC3Aonthe__fixedwithinterestattherateof___p.a.,calculatedona365dayyearbasis,fromthedatehereoftothedateofmaturityonly.perproABCBank_______________Authorizedsignature

CITYOFLIVERPOOLBILL[issuedunderthelocalgovernmentact1999]21stJan.,2013ThiscityofLiverpoolbillentitles____orordertopaymentoftwohundredandfiftythousandPoundsattheBankofEnglandoutoftherevenuesofthecityofLiverpool,onthe21stApril,1999.withoutdaysofgrace.J.HhiveCityTreasurer.TreasuryBill￡100,000London9thDec.2012Thistreasurybillentitles____orordertopaymentofonehundredthousandPoundsattheBankofEnglandoutoftheNationalLoansFundonthe9thMar.2013.TawimilLylishSecretarytotheTreasury

2.4cheques2.4.1whatisacheque?Acheckisanunconditionalorderinwriting,signedbythepersongivingit,requiringthebanktowhomitisaddressedtopayondemandasumcertaininmoneyto,ortheorderofaspecifiedpersonorthebearer.Itisabillofexchangedrawnonabankerpayableondemand.2.4.2EssentialitemsofachequeCheque$10,000.00London,May12,2013PaytoTianjinEconomic&DevelopmentCorp.ororderthesumofTenthousandUSdollarsonly.ToBankofEuropeLondonForBritishTradingCo.Londonsigned

Theword“cheque”clearlyindicated;Anunconditionalpaymentorderinwriting;Thenameofthepayingbank;Thesignatureofthedrawer;Placeanddateofissue;Addressofthedraweebank;Asumcertaininmoney;Nameofthepayee.Notice:Tenor,nameofpayeeandthesum2.4.3TypesofcheckAccordingtothepayee

chequepayabletobearer

chequepayabletoorder2.Accordingtothedrawer

banker’schequepersonalcheque3.accordingtowhethercrossed

uncrossedcheque:crossedchequeCrossedcheck:Itmeansthecheckbearingtwoparallellinesontheface.Itmustbepaidintoabankaccountandcannotbecashedoverthecounter.

GeneralcrossingAgeneralcrossingonacheckdoesn’tspecifynameofthe