初中英语语法-形容词和副词-复习课件

welcomeGENERALREVISIONAdj.adv.用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征的词。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.什么叫形容词?在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成分．e.g.Heisagoodstudent.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后.e.g.Isthereanythinginterestingintoday’snewspaper?作定语Thetreesturngreeninspring.Wearealoneontheisland.只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词你能说出几个？aloneafraidawakeasleepaliveable作表语形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语．e.g.Wemustkeeptheclassroomclean.Hemadeushappy.作宾语补足语Colouritgreen.一、形容词在句中的作用作定语：如It’saninterestingbook.作表语：如Helooksyoung.作宾语的补足语：如①

Weshouldkeeptheclassroomclean.②IthinkitimportanttolearnEnglishwell.其他用法：1、the+形容词可转化为名词

Theyoungshouldhelptheold.

年轻人应该帮助老人。注意:1、形容词修饰不定代词时放在后面.Eg:Ididn’tgetanything

usefulfromthespeech.Ifyoulistencarefully,youwillfindsomethingnew.2、enough修饰形容词时放在形容词的后面。（enough修饰名词时放在名词的前面）Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.Thereisenoughtimetohavearest.形容词和其他词性间的相互转换注意:1.名词+ly→形容词;形容词+ly→副词

friendly,lovely,lively,homely…(形容词)friendlily,livelily,happily…(副词)2.fast,early,straight，late,hard既是形容词又是副词,不加ly.(hardly表示“几乎不”）

Herunsfast.Mywatchisfast.名词+y

→形容词

sun→sunnyhealth→healthy名词+al

→形容词

nation→nationalmusic→musical名词+ful

→形容词

color→colorfulpeace→peacefula+动词→形容词sleep→asleep动词+ing/ed

→形容词

relax→relaxing/relaxedtire→tired/tiring名词+able

→形容词enjoy→enjoyableknowledge→knowledgable名词+en

→形容词wool→woolen还有一些特殊变化：die→deadplease→pleased/pleasant

练习二、用所给词的适当形式填空：1.Theteacherwas_____(happy),becausetheclassroomwas_____(noise).2.Mydoghasbeen___(die)for2weeks.3.It’s_______(possible)formetofinishittoday,I’mtoobusy.4.Ifyouwanttobethinnerand____(health),youshouldeat_____(little)food.5.Hefeltvery____(sleep)andfell____(sleep)soon.6.Theworkis___(tire),andweare___(tire).unhappynoisydeadimpossiblehealthierlesssleepyasleeptiringtired7.Thepeoplethereare____(friend)tous.8.Heknowsalot,heis______(know).9.Jackwantstobea_____(nation)player.10.Don’tfeel____(worry)aboutyourson.11.It’sa_____(please)tripforusall.12.The____(finally)examiscoming.13.Weallhadavery________(enjoy)timelast

Sunday.14.The_____(beauty)girlwas_____(love)and____(live).15.Ithinkthemovieis_____(education)friendlyknowledgeablenationalworriedpleasantfinalenjoyablebeautifullivelylovelyeducationalLet’sfillintheblanks,

形容词的比较级和最高级构成规则变化不规则变化词尾变化原级比较级最高级单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-sttallhardlargewide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或estbighotthinfatwet以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为i再加-er,或-esthappydryearly

narrowclever多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more和mostdifficultpopularslowlytallerharderlargerwidertallesthardestlargestwidestbiggerhotterfatterwetterbiggesthottestfattestwettesthappierdrierearlierhappiestdriestearliestnarrowercleverernarrowestcleverestmoredifficultmorepopularmoreslowlymostdifficultmostpopularmostslowly少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est规则变化原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比较级最高级betterbestworseworstlessmoremostfarther/furtherolder/elderleastfarthest/furthestoldest/eldest不规则变化巧记：特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好little意思不是小一分为二有两个一是老来二是远Ⅰ.写出下列词的比较级和最高级。1.badly/bad/ill2.early3.difficult4.thin5.hard课时训练

worse—worstearlier—earliestmoredifficult—mostdifficultthinner—thinnestharder—hardestⅡ.根据句意填空。1.Whichfilmis______________thisoneorthatone?(interesting)2.IthinkEnglishisoneof__________________subjectsinmiddleschool(important).3.LiLeidoesn'tstudyso____________ashissister.(care)4.Annisalittle__________thanJoan,butsheismuch________.(young,tall)5.TheChangjiangRiverisvery________.It'sThethird___________riverintheworld.(long)课时训练moreinterestingthemostimportantcarefullyyoungertallerlonglongest二、形容词的比较等级变化规律以及不规则变化（重点记忆并灵活运用）比较等级所用的句式（重点掌握）注意：比较时一定在同类事物之间进行。如:HishairislongerthanI.(×）

Hishairislongerthanmine/myhair.(√）一、同级比较。肯定句：as+原级+as

（和……一样），否定句：notas/so+原级+as(和……不一样/不如……）例：I’masoldashe.我和他一样大。

I’mnotas/sostrongashe.我不如他强壮。表示倍数的句型：be+倍数+as+原级+as例：Thetreeistwiceastallasthatone.

这棵树有那棵树两倍高。二、两个事物相比用比较级，表示“更……”句型：A+be+比较级+than+B

例：Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.

太阳比地球大。比较级可用一些词来修饰：even，much,alittle,abit,far

等。表示“……得多”或“……一点”。例：Yourroomisalittlebiggerthanmine.

你的房间比我的大一点。

Ifeelevenworsetoday.

我今天感觉更糟了。表示一方不如另一方时，用“...less+形容词原级+than...”；例：Englishislessdifficultthanmath.

英语不如数学难。Heislessnervousthanyou.他没有你那么紧张。三、比较级的一些特殊用法1、the+比较级……，the+比较级……

（越……,越……）Themoretreesweplant,thelesspollutiontherewillbe.我们种越多的树，污染就越少。Theharderheworks,thehappierhefeels.他工作越努力，就越感到高兴。2、比较级+and+比较级（越来越……）Thebabycriedharderandharder.那个婴儿哭得越来越厉害。

Ourcountryisbecomingmoreandmorebeautifulandricherandricher.3、be+倍数+比较级+than……Thebuildingistwicehigherthanourclassroom.那个建筑物比我们教室高两倍。4、be+数词+名词+比较级+than……HeistwoyearsolderthanI.他比我大两岁。四、三个或三个以上的事物进行比较用最高级句型

1、be+the最高级+of/in短语（比较范围）

LiLeiisthebeststudentofall/inourschool.

李雷是所有学生中/我们学校最好的学生。

2、oneofthe+最高级+名词复数

MissLiisoneofthemostpopularteachersinourschool.

李老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。注：最高级前可有叙述词来修饰，表示其排列顺序。

YellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.

黄河是中国第二大河。3、Which/What/Whoisthe+最高级，A,BorC?

例:Whichisthebiggest,thesun,theearthorthemoon?

哪个最大，太阳，地球还是？五、比较级和最高级的句型互换

be+比较级+thananyother+名词的单数

（同一范围内进行比较）例：Jimisthetallestboyinhisclass.（同义句）吉姆是他班最高的男孩。

Jimistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.

吉姆比他班上其他男孩都高。

be+比较级+than+any+名词单数（不同范围内比较）例：ShanghaiisbiggerthananycityinJapan.

上海比日本的任何城市都大。练习三一、改正以下各句。1.ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinJapan.Shanghaiisbiggerthan

anycityinJapan.Shanghaiisbiggerthan

anyothercityinChina.2.Ihavemanymorebooksthanyou.Ihave

muchmore

booksthanyou.3.John’shairislongerthanMike.John’shairislongerthan

Mike’s.It’senougheasytoworkouttheproblem.It’s

easyenough

toworkouttheproblem.2.多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序（适当了解）如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多，则音节少的形容词在前，音节多的在后。如：asmallbeautifulroom。常用的顺序为：限定词(those)+数量形容词(three)+描绘性形容词(beautiful)+大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词(large)+新旧(old)+颜色(brown)+国籍+材料(wood)+被修饰名词(table)用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子的词。e.g.什么叫副词?very,early,out,soon,quickly,etc.用法例句作表语Mymotherisout.作定语Thegirlthereismyfriend.作状语Herunsfast.作宾补Ifoundhimoutside.副词的用法

副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g.

形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.AttentionsMountQomolangmaisthehighestintheworld.Jimjumped(the)highestoftheall.fast-faster-fastestslowly-moreslowly–mostslowly1.Thebreadis____thanthesecakesA.verydeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.moredeliciousD.asdelicious2.LinTaojumped____inthelongjumpintheschoolsportsmeetingA.farB.fartherC.farthestD.quitefar3.Whentheymetinthehotel.Theytalkedandlaughed______A.happilyB.happyC.happierD.happiestCCPracticeA4.Inourcityit’s____inJuly,butitiseven____inAugustA.hotterhottestB.hothotC.hotterhotD.hothotter5.HainanisaverylargeIsland.Itisthesecond______islandinchina.A.largeB.largerC.largestD.mostlargest6.Anelephantis____thanatiger.A.heavyB.veryheavyC.theheaviestD.heavierDCD7.Ahorseis______thanadog.A.muchheavyB.moreheavierC.muchheavierD.moreheavy8.Emmaalwaysmakesalotofmistakes.Sheis_____.A.careB.carefulC.carefullyD.careless9.Whichsubjectis_____,physicsorchemistry?A.interestingB.mostinterestingC.moreinterestingD.themostinterestingCDC10.Heis___enoughtocarrytheheavybox.

A.strongB.strongerC.muchstrongerD.thestrongest11.Lileioftentalks___butdoes___soeveryonesaysheisagoodboy.A.lessmoreB.fewmuchC.morelittleD.littlemany12.Whenthefamoussingerstartedtosing,everyonebegantoshoutvery___.A.loudlyB.loudC.heavilyD.highAAASummary形容词和副词的意义及用法形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成及用法练习一、选出正确答案1.-Haveyoueverseen“TomandJerry”?-Sure.It’soneof___cartoonsIhaveeverseen.A.wonderfulB.morewonderfulC.themostwonderful2.It’s___cheaperand__enjoyabletotravelbytrainthanbyplane.A.much;farmoreB.very;verymuchC.More;muchmore3.Chongqingisbiggerthan__inIndia.A.anyothercityB.anycityC.theothercitiesCAB4.Weshouldspend___timedoing___work.A.more;lessB.less;moreC.less;fewer5.Wholeftthewindows___?A.open;B.openedC.opening6.Ifyoulikethechicken,youmayhaveas___asyoucan.A.muchB.manyC.more7.Thequestionis__moredifficultthanthatone.A.quiteB.veryC.alittle8.ThepopulationofChinais___thanthatofJapan.A.moreB.largerC.lessBAACB_9.-Jill,wherewouldyouliketogoonvacation?-We’dliketo_____.A.somewherewarmB.warmsomewhereC.anywherewarm10.–Mum,couldIhaveaCDplayerlikethis?--Certainly,wecanbuya__one,butasgoodasthisone.A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapest11.Heisfourteen,Iamsixteen.SoI’m___him.A.asoldasB.twoyearsyoungerthanC.notsoyoungasABC12.Thegardenis___thatone.A.threetimesaslongasB.threetimeslongerasC.aslongasthreetimes13.The__personistalkingwiththedoctor.A.illB.sickC.illness14.---TheTVplaywas___.---Yes,I’veneverseen___.A.suchgreat;abetteroneB.sogreat;abetteroneC.verygood;thebestone15.-IthinkEnglishis___French.-Idon’tagreewithyou.A.sopopularasB.lesspopularthanC.asmorepopularasABBB5.Heworksascarefulashissister.Heworksascarefullyashissister.6.TheChangjiangRiveristhefirstlonginChina.TheChangjiangRiveristhefirstlongestinChina.7.There‘sinterestingsomethingintoday’snewspaper.There’ssomethinginterestingintoday’snewspaper.8.I’dliketovisitQufu,becauseit’seducation.I’dliketovisitQufu,becauseit’seducational.【例1】—Whichis_________seasoninBeijing?—Ithinkit'sautumn.［2003北京］A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest典型例题解析【例2】Itis_________todaythanyesterday.Shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?［2003北京海淀区］A.thehottestB.hotC.hottestD.hotterDD【例3】Jimisrunning_________Bruce.They'reneckandneck,［2003黑龙江］A.fasterthanB.asfastasC.asfasterasD.moreslowlythan【例4】Hermotherwasout.Shestayedathome______,butshedidn'tfeel_________.［2003甘肃］A.alone,lonelyB.lonelyaloneC.alone,lonelyD.lonely,alone【例5】—Isthephysicsproblem_________?—Yes,Icanworkitout_________.［2003黄冈］A.easy,easilyB.easy,easyC.easily,easyD.easily,easilyBAAⅢ.单项选择1.Whata_________cough!Youseen_________ill.A.terrible,terriblyB.terribly,terribleC.terrible,terribleD.terribly,terribly2.Thecarisrunning_________.Itseemstobeflying.A.moreandfasterB.moreandfastC.fastandfastD.fasterandfaster3.Ifeeleven_________now.A.badB.wellC.worseD.worst4.Shewasveryhappy.Sheran_________ofalltherunners.A.fastestB.thequickestC.slowestD.quickly5.Keepquiet,please.It's_________noisyhere.A.manytooB.toomanyC.muchtooD.toomuch课时训练ADCAC6.—Haveyou_________spokentoaforeigner?—No,_________.A.already,neverB.ever,neverC.yet,alreadyD.ever,ever7.Heistallerthan_________inhisclass.A.anyboyB.anyboysC.anyotherboyD.someotherboys8.I'llgoandvisityou_________nextweek.A.sometimeB.sometimesC.sometimeD.sometime9.—Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday?—Itwasverybad.Itrained_____peoplecould____goout.A.hard,hardB.hardly，hardC.hardly,hardlyD.hard，hardly10.Englishisas______asChinese.Youshouldlearnitwell.A.importantB.moreimportantC.themostimportant