初中英语时态超好讲解

动词的时态初中英语语法

动词的时态结构歌谣一般现在时，动词用原型；一般时单数三人称，动词加“s”。一般过去时，动词加“ed”。Iwork.Heworks.Iworked.现在进行时,进行时例句：Iamworking.过去进行时,am,is,are,-ing。was,were,-ing。例句：Iwasworking.将来时一般将来时，would加原型。过去将来时，will加原型。Iwillwork.Iwouldwork.完成时现在完成时，have/has加过分。Ihaveworked.过去完成时，had加过分。Ihadworked.各种时态的用法一、一般现在时1.用法：A.现在经常性习惯性的动作或状态 B.客观事实和真理。2.标志词:always,usually,often,sometimes,never,everyday/week/month/year/…1.Theboyusually___(get)toschoolearly.gets2.Theteachertoldmelight______(travel)s

在时间（when、while，assoonas,until,after等）、条件（if如果，unless）等状语从句中，用现在时表将来，即主将从现或主祈从现。

1.--Mum,_______shallwehavelunch?--Wewillhaveitwhenyourdad_________.when;returns

B.where;returns

C.where;willreturn

D.when;willreturn2.--TomorrowwillbeFather'sDay.Whatwillyoudoforyourfather?--Iwillsay"Iloveyou,Daddy"assoonashe_______up.willwake

B.iswaking

C.wakes

D.woke4.--Let'sgofishingifit_______thisweekend.--Butnobodyknowsifit_______.isfine,willrainB.willbefine,rains

C.isfine,rainsD.willbefine,willrain二、一般过去时1.用法：过去的动作或状态。2.标志词：yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,threedaysago,lastnight/week/month…,inthepast；justnow=amomentago点击中考LiMingdidn’tunderstandwhatAmericanpeoplesaid,_____?A.couldn’theB.couldheC.didn’theD.didheSimon___hisfingerswhenhewascookingthedinner.

A.burnt

B.wasburning

C.hasburnt

D.hadburnt2.--I'msorryyouhavemissedthebus.It___fiveminutesago.

--Whatapity!

A.wasleaving

B.hasleft

C.left

D.leaves

3.--Mr.Johnson,wehavefoundyourwatch.--Mywatch！Thankyou.Where____

it?doyoufind

B.haveyoufound

C.didyoufind

D.wereyoufinding三、现在进行时1.用法：A.现刻动作：目前正在发生的动作。B.现阶段动作：目前一个时期一直在进行的动作，此刻不一定在进行。2.标志词：now,rightnow,atonce,atpresent,atthemoment;Look!Listen!中考模拟：--Mike,who____footballintheyard?--Letmegoandsee.A.hasplayed B.willplay C.wasplaying D.isplaying1.Look!What___thechildren___overthere?2.Thoseworkers____herethesemonths.A.arework B.areworked C.work D.areworkingA.are;do B.are;doing C.is;do D.isdoing3.--How__you___alongwithyourworkmates?--Verywell.A.do;get B.will;getC.can;getD.are;getting4.--MustIwatertheflowersnow?--No,youneedn’t.Jack_____them.A.iswatering B.watering C.waters D.iswatered注意A.有几个瞬间动词可以用现在进行时表将来，如：begin,start,come,go,leave。1.--Lucy!Wouldyouliketogivemeahand?--OK.I____.A.willcome B.come C.amcoming D.wouldcome2.--When____you____forToronto?--Tomorrow.A.do;leave B.are;leaving C.will;leaving D.shall;leaveTheboy____always____us!(夸赞)A.is;helping B.does;helpC.can;help D./;helpB.现在进行时和always连用，表示说话人较强烈的感情色彩。You____always_____thesamemistake!(责备)A.do;make B.does;makeC.is;making D.are;making四、过去进行时1.用法：过去某时正在进行的动作。2.标志词：atthattime,thistimeyesterday,then,when…1.Father______whenI_____yesterdaymorning.A.stillslept,gotupB.wasstillsleeping,gotupC.issleeping,gotupD.sleeps,getup2.She___applesinhergardenwhenI____toseeheryesterday.A.picked，went B.waspicking，wentC.picked，wasgoing D.waspicking，wasgoing当过去某一件事情发生时，另外一个动作正在进行。此时，延续性动词用过去进行时，瞬间动词用一般过去时。

TheearthquakestartedwhileIwasdoingsomeshopping.

【中考链接】1.--Icametoyourhomeyesterdayafternoon,butnobodywasin.--Oh,we_______someshoppinginthesupermarket.（2007年南通）AhavedoneB.didC.weredoingD.aredoing2.--Whatdoyouthinkofthecolorofmynewdress?--Sorry,butwhatdidyousay?I_________aboutsomethingelse.（2007年扬州）AthinkB.thoughtC.amthinkingD.wasthinking

3.I_____myhomeworkwhilemyparents_______TVA.did;havewatchedB.wasdoing;werewatchingC.haddone;werewatchingD.woulddo;werewatching4Thedoorbell____(ring)whilemyparentswerewatchingTVlastnight.rang五、一般将来时1.用法：将来的动作或状态。2.结构：willshallbegoingto

3.标志词：tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,inthreedays,in(the)future,nextweek/month/term…,fromnowon+V.(原型)（第一人称）4.shall/will/begoingto之间的区别：

计划决定要做某事(近期)，一般用begoingtodo结构。shall往往用于第一人称疑问句,will可用于任何人称。will常用于表邀请或命令,带有意愿色彩。临时决定做某事，可指遥远的将来。1.There___twomeetingstomorrowafternoon.A.aregoingtobe B.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobe D.willhave2.Thetwins____tothecinemawiththeirparentstonight.A.willgo B.wouldgo C.arego D.went---When____wehavethemeeting?---At8.A.are B.shall C.would D.will3.--When___you___forLondon?--Nextweek.A.will;leaving B.are;leaving C.shall;leave D.have;left六、过去将来时1.用法：从过去看将要发生的动作。2.结构：wouldwas/weregoingto+v.(原型)1.--Whatdidhesayyesterday?--Hesaidhe____toSydneynextweek.A.goes B.willgo C.wouldgo D.aregoing2.--DidyoursonfailhisEnglishexamonceagain?--Yes,buthetoldmehe____hardnextterm.A.studies B.isstudying C.willstudy D.wouldstudy试题：1.用法： 12七、现在完成时现在完成时过去现在影响：作业都做完了，我能出去玩会儿吗？这该死的！我都等了一个小时了，他怎么还不来？过去的动作对现在的影响。I

havefinished

myhomework.

过去的动作持续到现在。Ihavestayedhereforanhour！2.标志词：

already（肯定句）,just,yet（否定，疑问句）,ever,never,sofar(tillnow/uptonow),recently,inthepast3years,before,since+时间点,for+时间段3.现在完成时和一般过去时的异同点： 共同点：动作都在过去。

不同点：和现在有无关系。(与现在有关的过去动作用现在完成，与现在无关的动作用一般过去。)4.易错点：121havegoneto+地点,表示“去了某地”。（人已走，尚未回。只用于第三人称。）TheyhavegonetoEurope.(Theyarenothere.)havebeento+地点,表示“去过某地”。（人已回）IhavebeentoEurope.(IamnotinEuropenow.)3havebeenin+地点+时间段,表示“在/来某地多久”。IhavebeeninEuropeforthreeweeks.(IamnowstillinEurope.)25.瞬间动词和延续性动词若句中出现时间段，则必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续性动词转换关系如下：begin/startbeongotherebethereleavebeawaygethomebehomediebedeadopenbeopenjoinbein/beamemberofclosebeclosedgettoknowknowgetmarriedbemarriedborrowkeepcomeherebeherebuyhave1.Thefilmbegan5minutesago.2.Theyleftanhourago.3.Themandiedaweekago.4.Hejoinedtheclub3daysago.5.Theygotmarried10yearsago.6.Hecamehereanhourago.7.Jackgothome2hoursago.8.Mumopenedthedoorjustnow.9.Theygottoknow10yearsago.10.Iborrowedthebookaweekago.11.Iboughtthecarayearago.Thefilm_________for5minutes.They____________foranhour.Theman___________foraweek.He__________theclubfor3days.They_______________for10years.He_______heresinceanhourago.Jack_______homefor2hours.Thedoor_______openforawhile.They__________since10yearsago.I_________thebookforaweek.I________thecarsinceayearago.hasbeenonhavebeenawayhasbeendeadhasbeeninhavebeenmarriedhasbeenhasbeenhasbeenhaveknownhavekepthavehad1.--Whatanicebike!Howlong____you____it?--Justtwoweeks.A.will;buyB.did;buyC.are;havingD.have;had2.--Howlonghaveyou____here?--Since1997.A.arrived B.movedC.come D.lived3.--Ican’tfindmypen.____you____itanywhere?--No.Look!What’sthatunderyourbook?A.Have;seen B.Do;see C.Did;seeD.Had;seen4.--I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.--Oh,notatall.I__hereforonlyafewminutes.A.willbe B.was C.am D.havebeen5.Iwon’tgotoseethefilmbecauseI____theticket.A.lost B.havelost C.willlostD.didn’tlost八、过去完成时1.用法：发生在过去的过去的动作。

They

hadgotmarried

whenhecameback.

gotmarriedcameback现在过去过去的过去我来晚了！没希望了！终于结婚了！好幸福呀！现在完成时2.标志词：bytheendof…,bythetime…,when+一般过去时过去完成时是一种相对存在的时态，判定时必须根据上下文找到一个可以作为参照点的过去时间，在此参照点前发生的动作都可以用过去完成时。注意：1.We____learning1000wordsbytheendoflastterm.A.finished B.havefinished C.hadfinished D.finish2.Thetrain____whenwegottothestation.A.leaves B.haveleft C.wereleaving D.hadleft3.Bythetimehereturned,hisson____supper.A.cooksB.hadcookedC.hascooked D.wascooking中考链接（2015河北）31.I_________theshops.CanIgetyouanything?A.gotoB.wenttoC.havegonetoD.amgoingto32.Paulaispleasedthatshe_________herlostwatch.A.findsB.foundC.hasfoundD.willfind36.Grace_________thisgameeverytimeweplay.A.winsB.wonC.willwinD.haswon37.IsawJeffinthepark.He_________onthegrassandreadingabook.A.sitsB.satC.issittingD.wassitting时态综合试题1.Sorry,I____tohelpyouatten.Iwasbusyatthemoment.A.won'tcome B.can'tcomeC.didn'tcome D.shouldn'tcome2.He_______thispenforfiveyears.He______itin1997.A.hasbought,bought.B.bought,boughtC.haskept,hasbought D.hashad,bought3.She_________theflowersinthegardenwhenI_________toseeheryesterday.A.watered，went B.waswatering，wentC.watered，wasgoing D.waswatering，wasgoing4.Idon'tknowifmyfriend_________.Ifhe_________,I'llletyouknow.A.comes,comes B.comes,willcomeC.willcome,comes D.willcome,willcome5.Johnsaidhe_________supper.Hewasquitefull.A.hadhadB.washaving C.hadeatenD.haseaten6.There_________twopartiesnextweek.A.aregoingtobe B.aregoingtohaveC.isgoingtobe D.willhave7.It______10yearssinceI______here.A.is,come B.is,havecomeC.was,came D.is,came8.--Katelikeseatingchocolate.--____.Look,sheiseating.(A.SoLucydoes B.SodoesLucy C.Sotheydo D.Sodothey9.Kate_________tobeduntilhermother_________back.A.won'tgo,come B.hadn'tgone,cameC.went,came D.didn'tgo,came10.Hisbrother_________fromhomeforalongtime.A.hasleft B.hasbeenawayC.left D.willleave11.--Lucy,___you____yourticket?--Notyet.A.did;find B.have;found C.has;found D.do;find12.--____totheUnitedStates?--No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago.A.Haveyoubeen B.HaveyougoneC.Didyougo D.Haveyouwent13.Themanwholivedontheislandthoughthe___never____.A.will;found B.would;befound C.is;found B.had;beenfound14.--Idon’tknowifhisuncle____.--Ithinkhe___ifitdoesn’train.A.willcome;comes B.willcome;willcomeC.comes;comes D.comes;willcome15.--Lindahadnothingforbreakfastthismorning,__?--No,shegotuptoolate.A.hadshe B.hadn’tshe C.didshe D.didn’tshe16.Theflowers____wellifthey____.A.won’tgrow;don’ttakegoodcareofB.don’tgrow;aretakengoodcareofC.won’tgrow;arenottakencareofD.don’tgrow;don’ttakecareof17.--Hurryup!It’stimetoleave.--OK,____.A.I’mcoming B.I’llcome C.I’vecome D.Icome18.There____anEnglisheveningnextTuesday.A.was B.willbe C.willhave D.aregoingtobe19.ImustreturnthecameratoLiLei,I____itfortwoweeks.A.keep B.borrowed C.havekept D.havelent20.--When__thiskindofcomputer__?--Lastyear.)A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used21.--Jerry,____you____yourlostbook?--Notyet.A.did;find B.have;found C.has;found D.do;find22.--Don’tforgettopostthisletterforme,please!--No,I____.A.don’t B.won’t C.mustn’t D.can’t23.Doyouknowif____backnextweek?Ifhe____back,pleaseletmeknow.A.hecomes,willcome B.willhecome;comesC.hewillcome;comes D.willhecome,willcomeManythanks!动词基本形式

（原形，三单，现在分词，过去时和过去分词）1三单情况

变化规则

例词

一般

加-sreads,writes,says以ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的词

加-esteaches,washes,guesses,goes以辅音字母加-y结尾

变y为I,再加-estry-triescarry-carriescry-cries不规则变化

have---has读音规则

一般情况下读/z/在清辅音/p//k//t//f/后读/s/如stops,looks在/s//z//tʃ