初中英语-细讲代词-精品课件

代词英语代词总复习代词的种类代词{人称代词物主代词反身代词指示代词疑问代词{主格宾格{形容词性名词性不定代词人称代词主格和宾格

单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称主格

宾格

Imeyouyouhesheithimheritweusyoutheythemyou数人称格人称代词主、宾格的用法人称代词主格在句子中充当主语。

IamstudyingEnglishnow.

Weloveourschool.注意：1.几个人称代词并列充当主语时的顺序：单数形式：you,heandI复数形式:we,youandthey.

2.Iamheissheisitisweareyouaretheyare

人称代词的宾格在句子充当动词、介词的宾语或表语

Canyouhelpme?

Wearewaitingforthem.

Ourteacherwillhavesupperwithus.介宾Whoisthere?It’sme.动宾介宾介宾表语

单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称主格

宾格

单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称

宾格

单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称

宾格

单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称

格

数人称名称形容词性名词性youryoursminemyhisheritshishersitsouroursyour

yourstheirtheirs形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种物主代词的不同用法：

1）形容词性物主代词用来修饰后面的名词，不能单独应用：

My

parentsarebothdoctors.Thereissomethingwrongwithhisbike.Theylovetheirworkinthefactory.

小结：形容词性物主代词+名词两种物主代词的不同用法2）名词性物主代词应单独使用，后面不跟名词：MayIuseyourruler?Minehasbeenlost.MayIuseyourruler?Ihavelostmyruler.Let’scleantheirroomfirst,andthencleanours.Let’scleantheirroomfirst,andthencleanourroom.

Theselettersarehis.Theselettersarehisletters.小结：这种物主代词所修饰的名词通常出现在它的前面。反身代词数

单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称

英文

myself

himselfherselfitself

中文

我自己

你自己

他/她/它自己

我们自己

你们自己

他们自己人称中英文yourselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves反身代词的用法1在句中作宾语，表示动作反射到动作的执行者本身。Mygrandmotheristoooldtolookafterherself.LeiFengwasalwaysreadytohelpothers,heneverthoughtofhimself.Whentheywokeup,theyfoundthemselveslyingontheground.反身代词的用法2在句中作名词或代词的同位语，用来加强语气，可译为“亲身”、“本人”、等。Weourselveswillbuildthefactory.Thechildrenmadethemodelplanethemselves.Thehouseitselfisnotsobeautiful.反身代词的用法3反身代词在实际运用中可构成许多常用词组：byoneselfforoneselfcalloneselfteachoneselfhelponeselfspeaktooneselfloseoneselfenjoyoneself亲自为自己称自己自学随便吃自言自语=saytooneself迷路自得其乐练习1._____love______countryandwe’llmakeitmorebeautiful.(we)2.______studiesinamiddleschoolnear____home.(he)3.____________doit.(I)4.--Isit_______,Tom?(you)--No,itisn’t______,(I)itmustbe____(she)5.Ithink______teacherisyoungerthan_____.(we,they)6.Thefarmergrowthesetomatoes________.(they)WeourHehisImyselfyoursminehersourtheirsthemselves7.Everyoneworkshardat_____lessonsinourclass.8.Theboyistooyoung.Hecan’tlookafter______.(it)9.Openthedoor,Please!It’s________.(I)10.That’snot_______,itis______,Imadeit_________.(he,I,I)theiritselfmehisminemyselfIndefinitepronoun不定代词

1.不定代词的定义：不定代词，即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词2.常用不定代词有：some（something，somebody，someone），any（anything，anybody，anyone），no（nothing，nobody，noone），every（everything，everybody，everyone，），all，each，both，much，many，（a）little，（a）few，other（s），another，none，one，either，neither等。不定代词含义数量关系作定语时名词的数作主语时动词的数both两者都=2复数复数either两者中的任何一个=2单数单数neither两者都不=2单数单数all三者或三者以上都≥3单数或复数单数或复数none三者或三者以上都不≥3○单数或复数each每一个≥2单数单数every每一个≥3单数单数1.Bothofus____(be)students.2.Eitherofus____(be)astudent.3.Neitherofus____(be)astudent.4.Allofus____(be)students.5.Allthework____(be)finished.6.Noneofthem_______(be)here.7.Eachstudenthere______(work)veryhard.8.Everystudentinourclass______(work)hard.areisisareisis/areworksworks这两个词含义大致相同，只是位置不同：

all要放在冠词之前，而whole应放在the之后。例：Allthefamily/thewholefamily全家2.在复数名词前一般用all，在单数可数名词前一般要用whole。如：

Allthechildrenenjoyedthemselves.

所有的孩子都过得很快活。

Thewholebuildingwasburning.

整座在楼都在燃烧。注：它们在意义上有差别,all指“一个不剩”(即“全部”),whole指“一点不缺”(即“整个”)。whole和all1.Maryspent_____thesummerathome.2.Maryspentthe______summerathome.3.______thestudentsareheretoday.用whole和all完成句子allwholeAll1.Many:许多，用于可数名词前，much：许多，用语不可数名词前。

2.few,afew修饰可数名词，little,alittle修饰不可数名词。few,little具有否定意义，表示“几乎没有”，afew具有肯定意义,表示“一些；几个”alittle具有肯定意义，表示“一点”。

onlyalittle;onlyafewmuch/many/(a)few/(a)little

⒈none：①表示“一个也没有；一点也没有；都不”。②none的反义词是all，③none≥3④none通常和of连用noneofthem/us…⑤none可以指人也可以指物。例：Noneoftheproblemsiseasytosolve．这些问题没有一个是容易解决的Noneofusknowstheanswer.⒉Noone:=nobody没有一个人，不和of连用。Noonelikesthefilm.⒊no：形容词，“没有”，后面必须加名词。如：Ihavenomoney/friends.⒋nothing表示“什么也没有”。如Thereisnothingintheroom.noone/none/no/nothing6.none与数量有关，可回答howmany或howmuch提出的问句，表示“一个也没有”一点也没有.7.noone表示“什么人也没有”，可回答who的问句。8.nothing表示“什么也没有”，回答what的问句。例:1)—Howmanypeoplearethereinthatroom?—______

2)—Howmuchwateristhereintheglass?

—

______3)—Whowaslatetoday?—_______.4)—

What’sinthebag?—

_______NoneNoneNooneNothing训练：1.TheEnglishnovelisquiteeasytoyou.Thereare____newwordsinit.A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few2.--Canyoucomethiseveningortomorrowevening?--____isOK.I’mfreetodayandtomorrow.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None3.--Whichdoyouprefer,abottleoforangeorabottleofmilk?--_____,thanks,I’dlikeacupoftea.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None4.--Doyoulivebyyourself,MrWang?--Yes.Ihavethreesons.But___ofthemliveswithme.TheyarenowstudinginAmerica.A.neitherB.bothC.noneD.either5.--Haveyousentyourparentsane-mailtellingthemyouarrivedsafe.--No.____ofthemcanuseacomputer.A.NoneB.BothC.NeitherD.All6.--Isthereabustothezoo?--I’mafraidthereis____bustothezoo.A.noB.anyC.someD.none7.Allofuswereinvited,but____ofuscameA．neitherB．noneC．bothD.all8.--Look!Wehave____sugar.--Really?Let'sgoandbuysome.A．fewB．afewC．littleD．alittle9.Therearesometreeson____sideofthestreet.A．bothB．allC．eitherD．Every10.Thereisn't____milkinthefridge.You'dbetterbuysome.A．noB．anyC．someD.many11.--Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?--_______.A.NoneB.NothingC.NooneD.Nobody12.--Isthereanystudentsintheclassroomnow?--_______.A.NoneB.NothingC.NooneD.Nobody13..--Isthereanydesksintheclassroom?--_______.A.NoneB.NothingC.NooneD.Nobody14.–What’sintheclassroom?.--_______.A.NoneB.NothingC.NooneD.Nobody15._____ofthemlikesmaths.A.NoneB.NothingC.NooneD.Nobody16.--Whoisabsenttoday?--_____A.NoneB.NothingC.NooneD.No1、everyone是不定代词。当表示“每一个、人人”时，它等于everybody，且谓语动词用单数形式，不能与of连用。

例：Everyoneishere．大家都来了。2everyone表示“每个人”时，等于everyone，例：Everyoneputonhishat.=Everyoneputonhishat．（每个人都带上了帽子。）3、everyone表示“每一个（东西、事情）”，everyone后面可以接of例：Heateeveryoneofthemooncakes.他把月饼都吃光了。everyone/everyoneany/somesome:一些。它可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词。Somewater/money.Somebooks/boys例:Somearedoctors，somearenurses．some也可用于疑问句：

①在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中例：Wouldyoulikesomecake?MayIaskyousomequestions?any：一些，任何

②

any常用在否定句或疑问句中。它可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词.例：Thereisn’tanyinkinmypen.③不定代词any表示“任何”时也可以用在肯定句，表示三者或三者以上，例：Youmaycomeatanytime．Herearethreebooks,youcanreadany.

⑴other①表示“另一个或另一些”是泛指，当形容词或代词用。后既可接可数名词复数形式又可接不可数名词例：anyotherstudentotherstudentsothertea⑵others①表示“其他的（人或物）”，是代词，②后面不能再加名词。③常用于some…,others…结构④指剩下的一部分.例：Somepeoplelikesinging,otherslikedancing.⑶theothers是特指…，①表示“其他的（人或物）”，是代词，②后面不能再加名词。③指剩下的全部。例：Ihavefivecolourpencils.Oneisred,andtheothersaregreen.other(s)/theother(s)/theother/another

⑷theother:通常指（两者中的）另一个，用于one…theother….一个…另一个…如：Ihavetwobrothers,oneisadoctor,theotherisamanager.

⑸another:①另一个；指三者或三者以上中的另一个。

例：Idon’tlikethisone.Pleasegivemeanother.

②another+数词+复数名词表示“还…,再…”Ihaveanothertwoquestions.我还有两个问题。

another+数词+复数名词=数词+more+复名

Ihavetwomorequestions.each/every⑴each:①代词或形容词，“每个”.②可以和of连用，也可以单独使用Eachboyhasadictionary.每个孩子都有一本词典。Thereare20boys,eachhasadictionary.Eachofushasacellphone(手机).=Weeachhaveacellphone(手机)

词组：eachother互相⑵every:①形容词，“每个”.②后面必须修饰名词③不能和of连用Everyboyhasadictionary.每个孩子都有一本词典。(3)every强调全体，而each强调“个体”。Hegaveabooktoeachofhisparents.

他给他父母各送了一本书。

Everycomradewasthereandeachdidhiswork.

每个同志都在那儿，各人做各人的工作。(4)every+

基数词+

复数名词；every+

序数词+

单数名词，当作每隔(多少)或每(多少)解释。every+other+单数名词,表示每隔“一”every+few+复数名词.表示每隔“些/几”如：every

three

days

每三天或每隔两天every

third

day每三天或每隔两天everyotherday

每隔一天every

few

days相当于汉语的“隔些日子”。every/some/any/no+(thing,one,body…)some,any,every,no都能和one,body,thing一起构成代词，这些代词叫复合不定代词some构成的复合不定代词，其作用和some相同，用于肯定句；any构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句；no构成的复合不定代词表示否定含义.例:①Ihavesomethingtotellyou.我有事要告诉你。②Hedidn’tsayanythingatthemeetingyesterday.昨天在会上他没发言。③Everybodylikesswimming.每个人都喜欢游泳。④Thereisnothingwrongwithyourears.你耳朵没毛病。注意：1.something可用于提建议或请求的问句中，以及希望说话对方作出肯定回答的问句中。例：Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?2.复合不定代词在句子中作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例：Nobodyknowshisname.1.----“Thereisn't____waterhere.Couldyouget____forme?----“Allright.”A．some;someB．any;anyC．some;anyD．any;some2.Thesesweatersaretoosmallforme.Pleaseshowme____one.A．otherB．othersC．theotherD．another3.Thereisn't____paperinthebox.Willyougoandget____forme?A．any;someB．any;anyC．some;someD．some;any4.Therearetwentyteachersinthisgrade．Eightofthemarewomenteachersand____arementeachers.A.theotherB.theothersC.othersD.Other5.Theywereallverytired,but____ofthemwouldstoptotakearest.A．anyB．someC．noneD．Neither6.Therewere____peopleand_____noiseintheparklastSunday.A．many;muchB．much;muchC．much;manyD．many;many

7.Thereis____waterhere;buttherearequite____emptyglasses.A．little;afewB．few;littleC．few;afewD．little;alittle8.Thestudentsarehavingagoodtimeinthepark.Somearedrawingbythelake.＿＿＿areclimbingthehill.A.OthersB.OtherC.AnotherD.Theother

9.______ofushasanEnglishbook.A.EveryoneB.EveryoneC.NooneD.Every10.Thebottleisempty.Thereis____init.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything11.____ofthemhasadictionaryand____oneofthemcanlookupwordsinthedictionary.A．Each;everyB．Every;eachC．Each;eachD．Every;every12.There

are

trees

on

______

side

of

the

road.

A.eachB.everyC.bothD.any

13.--TheUSiscertainlyaninterestingcountry.

--Yes,youcanfindjustabout_______there.

A.somethingB.everythingC.nothingD.anything

14.Theoldmanfeelslonelywith_______tolookafterhim.

A.someoneB.nooneC.anyoneD.none15.Hekeptthemoneywithout_______knowingwhereitwas.

A.anyoneB.anythingC.everythingD.someone16._______of

the

pupils

has

passed

the

exams.

A.Every

one

B.Everyone

C.Someone

D.All

17.--Couldyoutellme______aboutyourfamily.--Sorry.,Ican’ttellanybody______.A.something,anythingB.anything,somethingC.something,something

D.anything,anything

18.Afterthat,MadameCuriedidoneexperimentafter___.A.oneB.otherC.anotherD.theother19.Youcanfindatowerat___endofthebridge.A.bothB.everyC.eitherD.any

20.Wecangohome______othermonth.A.eachB.everyC.anyD.some21___ofthemwillacceptyourideabecauseitisnotreasonable.A.nobodyB.NooneC.EveryoneD.None22.--Is___here?--No,BobandTimaskedforleave.

A.everybodyB.somebodyC.anybodyD.nobody23.--Isthereanypictureonthewall?--_____.A.NothingB.NooneC.NoonesD.None24.Tomsingsbetterthan_____inourclass.A.anyothergirlB.someothergirlsC.anygirlD.somegirl25.Ididn’tknowwhichwasthebettersoItookthem_____.A.allB.eachC.noneD.both1）部分否定当all，both，each，every（body，thing）等表示整体意义的代词与否定词连用时，一般只表示部分否定。例：1）Allofthestudentsdidnotturnup.

=Notallofthestudentsturnedup.不是所有的学生都出席了。

2）Bothofthestudentsdidn’tturnup.

=______________________________

3）Each/Everystudentdidn’tturnup.

=______________________________

4）Everybodydidn’tup.

=______________________

不定代词的否定Notbothofthestudentsturnedup.Noteach/everystudentturnedup.Noteverybodyturnedup.归纳：All,Both,Each,Every（body，thing）not…Notall,both,each,every（body，thing）..都表示部分否定，“….并非都….”的意思。2）全部肯定,如要表示全部肯定，应该用none,noone，neither,nobody,nothing,either…not等对整体意义具有否定作用的代词或副词。上述句子变为全部否定分别为：1)______ofthestudentsturnedup.

2)______ofthestudentsturnedup.或______ofthestudentsdidn’tturnedup.3)______ofthestudentsturnedup.

4)______________turnedup.

NoneNeitherNoneNoone/NobodyEitherone的用法

one,复数形式ones.可用来代替前面出现过的可数名词,以避免重复.1）Idon’tlikesmallboxes;Ilikelargeones.2）Yourquestionisaverydifficultone.3）Hedoesn’tlikeredshirts.helikeswhiteones.

a+形容词+one这一形式，经常见到或使用。Ihaveanoldbike，buthehasanewone.(但不可说成aone.)

it和one的比较

it用来指特定的东西（特指）；而one则用于替代不特定的东西（泛指）简单点说one是“同类不同个”，it就是“同一个”

如:1）IhavenopenandIwanttobuy____(任一支钢笔，同类不同个，泛指）2）Youhaveapen，canIuse__（=thepen）？

(就是前面那支，同一个，特指）3）--Whichbagisyours?--Thered____4）--Doyoulikethepen?

--Yes,Ilike___.oneitoneit1.Ihaven'tapen.Canyoulendme_____?A.thisB.thatC.itD.one2.Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems—infactfarmoreserious_______thanmobilephonesdo.A.oneB.onesC.itD.those3.—Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow_______?—No，I’dratherbuy________inthebookstore.A.it；oneB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;it4.IpreferaflatinInvernessto_______inPerth，becauseIwanttolivenearmyMom’s.A.oneB.thatC.itD.this5.---“Haveyougotsomebrowneggs?”---“No,butI’vegot___.”A.anywhiteonesB.somewhiteonesC.somewhiteoneD.anywhiteone

6.---“Haveyoufinishedreadingthebook?”---“No.Ihaven’ttouched______.”A.thatB.thisC.theoneD.it7.Myshoesaresimilarto___youhadonyesterday.A.theoneB.thatC.onesD.theones8.We’vebeenlookingathousesbuthaven’tfound_______welikeyet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them

9.Thepotatocropin1846wasinferiorto___of1815.A.theoneB.thatC.thoseD.one10.---HasColingotapen?”---“Yes,theteacherhas___.”A.lenthimoneB.lentonehimC.borrowedhimoneD.lentittohim6.---“Haveyoufinishedreadingthebook?”---“No.Ihaven’ttouched______.”A.thatB.thisC.theoneD.it7.Myshoesaresimilarto___youhadonyesterday.A.theoneB.thatC.onesD.theones8.We’vebeenlookingathousesbuthaven’tfound_______welikeyet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them

9.Thepotatocropin1846wasinferiorto___of1815.A.theoneB.thatC.thoseD.one10.---HasColingotapen?”---“Yes,theteacherhas___.”A.lenthimoneB.lentonehimC.borrowedhimoneD.lentittohim11.thestoryissoamazing!it'sthemostintertstingstoryI'veeverreadbutI'mafraiditwon'tbelikedby__________A.anybodyB.everybodyC.nobodyD.noone12.Ihaven'tread__ofhisbooks,butjudgingfromtheoneIhavereadIthinkhe'saverypromisingwriter.

A.bothB.eitherC.neitherD.any13.HehaslivedinLondonandNewYork,buthedoesn'tlike__city.Theywerebothnoisy.A.eitherBbothC.neitherD.all14.Thoughheisagreatman,______thathesaidisnotright.A.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.something

代词专练改错：1.Tom'smotheristallerthanmy.2.Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday,soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishthem.3.Heandyoushouldgotothelibrarytoreturnthebooks.4.Heorhisbrotherisdoingtheirhomework.5.Hisbrotheristallerthanhim.6.Myselfdidityesterday.7.Takecareofourselves.8.Pleasebringyourdaughterwithyourself.————————————————————————9.Makeyouathome.10.—Who'sthisspeaking.—That'sMary.11.Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthisinwinter.12.Itissuchagoodbookthateveryonelikestoread.13.Everyoneshoulddoone'sbest.14.—Whowonthegame?—None.15.Therearemanytreesoneithersidesofthestreet.16.EitheryouorIareright.———————————————17.Ihavethreesisters.Neitherofthemisadoctor.18.Hedoesn'tlikeBeijingopera.Idon'tliketoo.19.Weeachhasaticketfortheconcert.20.Everyofushastopasstheexam.21.Everyoneofusshoulddohouseworktwohoursaday.22.Therearetreesoneverysidesofthestreet.23.Allmyparentsareengineers.24.Theallvillagewasflooded.—————————————————————25.Thepostofficeisonothersideofthestreet.26.TherearetenstudentshereWherearetheothersstudents?27.Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher,anotherisadoctor.28.Somepeoplelikesports.Theotherslikereading.29.Pleaseremembertowatertheflowerseachotherday.30.Iwantanybookstoread.Doyouhaveany?31.Wouldyoulikeanythingtodrink?32.Becareful.Don'tdrinktoomany.————————————————————单项选择：1Theseare＿＿＿books.Yoursareoverthere.AIBmyCmeDmine2—＿＿＿isshe?—Sheisateacher.AWhatBHowCWhoDWhere3＿＿＿iswrongwithmywatch.Ithasstopped＿＿＿.ASomething,workingBSomething,toworkCAnything,workingDAnything,towork.4Mary,help＿＿＿tothebananas,please.AyouByourCyourselfDyourselves5—＿＿＿doyougotoschooleveryday?—bybus.AHowBWhyCWhenDWhere6Myskirtis＿＿＿popularthan＿＿＿.Amuch,herBmuch,hersCmore,herDmore,hers7—CanyouspeakEnglish?—Yes,butonly＿＿＿.AfewBafewClittleDalittle8Mr.Smithisanoldfriendof＿＿＿.AIBmeCmyDmine9—“＿＿＿doyouhearfromyourparents?”—“Aboutonceamonth.”AHowlongBHowmanyCHowoftenDHowmuch10MrGreenwouldn'tsay＿＿＿atthemeeting.AeverythingBnothingCanythingDsomething。11—“Mum,Ann‘scomingtonight.Let’sgiveher＿＿＿toeat.”—“Goodidea!”AanythingniceBniceanythingCsomethingniceDnicesomething12—Whenshallwemeet,thiseveningortomorrowevening?—Idon'tmind.＿＿＿timeisOK.ASomeBNeitherCEitherDBoth13Thisisnotherkite,but＿＿＿.Ahe'sBhimCheDhis14Don'tworry,Mum!＿＿＿newsisgoodnews.I'msuredaddywillcomebacksoon.ANoBManyCThoseDTwo15Maryhassixapples.Herbrotherhasthree.Shehas＿＿＿applesthanhe.AfewBmanyCmoreDfewer

。16Thereisn't＿＿＿intoday'snewspaper.AanythinginterestingBsomethinginterestingCnothinginterestingDinterestinganything17September10this＿＿＿Day?ATeacherBTeachersCTeacher'sDTeachers'18—InEngland,peopleeatalotof“takeaway”food.Whataboutpeopleinyourcountry?—＿＿＿ASowedo.BWedoso.CSodowe.DWesodo.19—Shallwegointothatshopandhavealook?—