初一阅读课件

如何学习英语阅读？英语阅读方法英语阅读方法考查题型及解题方法：主旨大意细节理解猜测词义推理判断一主旨大意题考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。

提问方式：

1）问标题

Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage？

Thebesttitleforthepassageis______.

2）问中心Thefirstparagraphismainlyaboutthe_____Thepassageismostlyabout____

3）问目的；态度Theauthorwantstotell____Thepurposeofthisarticleisto____容易选错的干扰项:以偏概全夸大主题把观点强加给作者解题策略找主题句。主题句是归纳文章中心的句子，它的出现有三种情况：1、在开头。主题句在文章开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。新闻报道、说明文、议论文常用此方式。

Goodmorning.Theprogramtodayisaboutmusic.Theword“music”comesfromtheGreekword“muse”.TheMusesarethegoddessesofthearts.Musicisonlyoneofthearts.Itislikethespokenlanguage,butisusessounds.Today'sprogrambringstogethermusicfromdifferentcornersoftheworld.Whoinventedmusic？Whosangthefirstsong？Nooneknowsexactlytheanswerstothesequestions.Butweknowthatmusicplaysanimportantpartinalmosteveryone'slife.Babiesandyoungchildrenlovetohearpeoplesingingtothem.Whentheyarealittleolder,theyliketosingthesongstheyhaveheard.Whenchildrengotoschool,theirworldofmusicgrows.Inthemiddlegradesstudentstakemusiclessons.Whentheyreachhighschool,theybecomeinterestedinlisteningtopopmusic.

文章开头就说明今天的节目是关于音乐的，其后的句子都是围绕介绍音乐的。从音乐的起源，形式，作用到全世界的受人喜爱音乐，进行逐一说明。文章最后一句“Infact,thetrueloveisnotbuiltonfriendship,loyaltyorbloodrelationship.Instead,itisbasedonnorelationship.真正的爱不以友谊、忠诚抑或是血缘关系为前提，事实上，真正的爱，是无条件的博爱。”就是在前面故事的基础上的总结与概括，即文章的主旨。2.在结尾。

3.在中间。通常是文章的开头提出问题，陈述细节，导出主题句，然后再进一步用细节说明支持主题句。如：

Nothingisasusefulasaflashlightonadarknightifatiregoesflat.Fewinventions（发明）aresohelpfultoachildwhoisafraidofthedark.Infact,themodernflashlightbringslighttomanydarksituations.Findingsomethinginthebackofaclosetiseasywithaflashlightinhand.Acamper（宿营者）alsoneedsoneafterthelightofthecampfire（篝火）hasbeenout（熄灭）.______________________________________________________________________________________二细节理解题本类试题主要考查学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。问题包括询问人(who)、物(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(cause)、结果(effect)、文中的数据(data)等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等常常考查这些细节。解题策略：

1）对应性

2）准确性

3）区分性三词义猜测题单词的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主要组成部分，是考查对文中关键词语的理解。而且，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据文中语境来判断。解题策略:

阅读中碰到生词时不要着急，耐心地读下去，文章会帮助你猜出生词词义。此外，我们也可以通过构词法知识分析生词词义，或通过上下文,同义词，反义词，生活常识等猜测，尤其是本句话以及前后两句话，给生词假设意思，看是否读的通。还可以联想，即回想已知词汇中是否存在拼写方法与该生词类似的词。根据定义或解释猜测词义技巧1Acalendarisalistofthedays,weeks,monthsofaparticularyear.calendar日历Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.herdsman牧人根据定义或解释猜测词义技巧1Acalendarisalistofthedays,weeks,monthsofaparticularyear.calendar日历Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.herdsman牧人根据对比确定词义技巧2Ourmathsprofessor（教授）saysthatalltheproblemshegivesusaresimpleones，however，wefeelthattheyareintricateandhardtosolve．Intricate复杂的技巧3

根据同义词的替代关系猜词义IntheancientcityofRome(罗马),wevisitedeverymansion,church[tʃɜ:rtʃ]（教堂）,theatreandotherpublichalls[hɔ:ls].mansion建筑物或场所根据反义猜词技巧4Twelve-year-oldSallywasanactivegirl.Buthersisterwasquitesedate.

sedate安静的根据上下文情景确定词义技巧5Allhisattempts[əˈtempt]tounlockthedoorwasfutile,becausehewasusingthewrongkey.

futile徒劳的根据常识、经验猜生词技巧6Theoldmanputonhisspectaclesandbegantoread．

spectacles老花镜根据构词法猜测词义技巧7

Hehasrenamedtherestaurant[ˈrestrɑ:nt]“Paradise”.rename重新起名，改名根据因果关系猜测词义技巧8

Youshouldn'thaveblamedhimforthat，foritwasn'thisfault[fɔlt].blame责备四推理判断题

推理判断题着重考查学生的逻辑思维能力，即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此类题目难度大，设计面广，如人物的性格、心理、故事的结局、寓意、文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、态度等。其题目设计的方式一般有：

容易选错的干扰项：选项中意思虽然与原文相符，但是只是涉及一些细枝末节，不符合题干。选项内容与原文无关,或者是对文章内容作了张冠李戴的处理。选项是对原文内容的简单重复，不是推理得出的结论。选项的内容纯属主观臆断得出的结论，文章根本没有提及。解题策略：做这类题目时，大家必须透过文章的字面意思，领悟隐含在字里行间的内涵，体会作者的言外之意、弦外之音。找出作者所陈述的细节、事实以及能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，进行符合逻辑的推理。

例：

Haveyoueverheldatoyballoon(气球)?Theyareverylight.Buttherearemuchbiggerballoons.Theseballoonscanflyveryhighupinthesky.Theyare

bigenoughto

carrypeople.Theyarecalledhot-airballoons.

Tomakeahot-airballoongoup,

turnontheburner

(燃烧器).Thatwillmaketheairinsidetheballoonhotter.Thentheballoonwillgoup.

Tomaketheballoongodown,turnofftheburner.Theairinsidetheballoonwillgetcooler.Thentheballoonwillgodown.

Underneath(在…下面)theballoonthereisalargebasket.Thatiswherethepilot(飞行员)andthepassengers(乘客)go.

Theburnerisjustabovethebasket.Youcanstandinthebasketandturntheburneronandoff.Theballoonwillgowherethewindblowsit.Doyouwanttheballoontogosomewherespecial?Firstmakesure

thewindis

blowingtherightway!

Peoplehavebeenflyinginhot-airballoonsforovertwohundredyears.Beforeplanesitwastheonlywayofflying.Todaypeopleflyinhotairballoonsforfun.Somepeopleliketoracehot-airballoons.ThefirstHot-AirBalloonWorldChampionship(锦标赛)washeldin1973.

()1.Ahot-airballoonis____________.

A.smallerthanatoyballoonB.biggerthanatoyballoonC.thesameasatoyballoonD.lighterthanatoyballoon1、B由“Buttheyaremuchbiggerballoons.”可知。这里的比较级是与前面“atoyballoon”相比较。

()2.Wherewillyousitifyouwanttoflyintheballoon?

A.Insidethebasket.B.Ontopoftheballoon

C.UnderthebasketD.Insidetheballoon

2、A这是一篇有关热气球的科普文章，需要考生熟知有关热气球的基本常识。热气球有燃烧器（也可叫加热器），打开燃烧器，气球内气体被加热，气球会上升，反之就下降。气球下面是一个大篮子，飞行员或乘客在此处，燃烧器在篮子上方。热气球总要随风向飞行。

()3.Youwanttheballoontogoup.Soyouwill_____________.

A.jumpoutiftheballoonB.lettheairoutoftheballoon

C.maketheairinsidetheballoonhotterD.lettheairinsidetheballooncooldown

3、C由第二段的叙述可知。

()4.Noweverythingisallright!Theballoonisflyingacrossthesky.Whereareyougoing?

A.Towardsthesun.B.Totheseaside.

C.Wherethewindblowsyou.D.Tothenearestmountains.

4、C由第六段的叙述可知。

小试牛刀

Peoplesometimesliketoreadstoriesofdogsverymuch.Theythinkthatdogsaremuchclevererthancats,sheep,cowsorotheranimalsintheirhomes.Oneofmyfriends,Bob,hasaverylargepolicedog（警犬）namedJack.EverySundayafternoon,BobandJackhaveawalk（散步）intheparknearby.OneSundayafternoon,Ipaidavisitto（拜访）myfriend.IstayedthereforalongtimeandmyfriendandIhadmuchmoretalkwitheachother.Soonitwastimeforthemtotakeawalkinthepark.Weforgotthat.Jackbecameworriedaboutit.Hewalkedaroundtheroomseveraltimesandthensatdowninfrontofmeandlookedatme.ButIstillpaidnoattention(没注意)tohim.Iwentontalkingwithmyfriend.Atlast,Jackcouldnotwaitanylonger.Hewentoutoftheroomandcamebackafewmi