Ch12知识点及语法

Chapter12Readingasaresult结果Asaresult,hehadtoleave.结果他只得离开。Therewasasubstantialgrowthofindustryandforeigntradeincreasedasaresult.由于工业的大发展,对外贸易也发展了。Languagepointsasaresult和asaresultof的区别:

asaresult单独使用，后面一般用逗号隔开，并且不能连结2个句子。

Heworkedhardathisstudy.Asaresult,hepassedtheexameasily.

asaresultof+名词或者代词.

Asaresultofhishardwork,hepassedtheexameasily.2.availableadj.有效的,可用的,在手边的,可利用的Thisfilmticketisnolongeravailable.这张电影票不再有效。Theswimmingpoolisavailableonlyinsummer.这个游泳池只在夏天开放。3.huntv.搜索,寻找;追猎,猎取;追捕I'mhuntingajob.

我在找工作。Novemberisagoodtimetohuntdeer.

十一月正是猎鹿的好时节。Policearehuntinganescapedconvict.

警察正在追捕一个逃犯。4.atallcosts无论如何,不惜任何代价Wewillsavehislifeatallcosts.我们将不惜任何代价挽救他生命。Thegovernmentwantedtoavoidwaratallcosts.政府拟不惜一切代价避免战争。Thebridgemustberepairedwithinthreedaysatallcosts.要不惜一切代价在三天内把桥修好。5.miss…out遗漏You'vemissedoutoneword.你漏掉了一个词。6.searchv.

找寻;搜查;搜索;探查

Wesearchedhereandthere,butcouldnotfindher.我们到处找她,但还是找不到。Whatrighthaveyoutobreakinhereandsearch?你们有什么权利闯进来搜查?7.ontime按时，准时ontime和intime的区别on

time

准时，in

time及时ontime的意思比intime的意思要细化的多,intime是不太确定的时间。如:

I

go

to

school

on

time

every

day.

(我每天按时到校)

He

returned

the

book

in

time.

(他及时还了书)

8.aswellas意为“并且、还”，它通常强调所连接的两个成分的前一项。Therearealsoroomsontransport,...aswellasmaths,physicsandchemistry.那里还有与交通等相关的房间，另外还有与数学、物理和化学相关的房间。9.arrive是不及物动词，表示到达、抵达某地（尤指行程的终点）。arrive后常接介词at或in，一般in接大地方，at接小地方，若是地点副词，则不需用介词。home就是地点副词。aswellas连接的两个成分作主语时，谓语动词与前面的成分保持一致。如：HelenaswellasIiseagertoseetheperformance.海伦和我一样急着要看演出。例如：

DoyouknowwhattimetheplanearriveinMoscow?你知道飞机什么时候抵达莫斯科？Theyarrivedatthestationat8thismorning.他们今天早晨八点到达车站的。Hermothersawherwhenshearrivedhome.她到家时她妈妈看见了她。10.applyv.申请,请求;适用

Youmayapplyinpersonorbyletter.你可以亲自到场或去信提出申请。Iwanttoapplyforthejob.我想申请这项工作。11.Yoursfaithfully=Yourssincerely正式信函署名前的套语译为谨上或您忠诚的……来作为信尾签名之前的用语

Translatethefollowingsentences.search作动词，意为“寻找；搜查”，通常有以下几种用法：search+sb.意为“搜查某人；搜身”。如：Theysearchedhim,butnothingwasfoundonhim.他们对他搜身，但什么东西也没搜到。searchsearch+someplace意为“搜查某地”。如：Thevillagersarehelpingtosearchthewoodsforthemissingchild.村民们正在帮忙搜索树林寻找那个失踪的孩子。search(sb.)forsth.意为“搜查(某人)以寻找某物”。如：Forover100years,menhavebeensearchingforgoldinthehills.一百多年来，人们一直在山里寻找金子。ThepolicesearchedDavidforthepistol.警察搜查了大卫，看他身上是否有手枪。search(someplace)forsb./sth.意为“搜查(某地)以寻找某人/物”。如：Theysearchedforthethieveseverywhere.他们到处搜寻那个小偷。Theysearchedthehouseforthemurderer.他们搜查屋子寻找凶手。ExercisesTranslation.警察正在搜寻那个年轻人。_______________________________________2.他们每次进门时都要被搜身。________________________________________________________Thepolicearesearchingfortheyoungman.Theyweresearchedeverytimetheywentthroughthegate.3.他搜查了这所房子里的每一个房间寻找丢失的狗。_________________________________________________4.她翻找自己的护照，但没找着。________________________________Hesearchedeveryroominthehouseforthelostdog.Shesearchedinvainforherpassport.1.—Moreandmorepeopleare____jobsatCareerAdviceCentre.—Yes.Thecentrecantellthemwhatkindofjobis___forthem.A.hunting;important B.huntingfor;availableC.lookingfor;imaginaryD.looking;effective单项选择—Thecomputerhasbrokendown.We’dbetter_____themanager____anewone.—Allright.A.apply;for B.ask;buyC.askfor;to D.applyto;for3.—Couldyougivemesomeadviceformyinterview?—Ofcourse.Ithinkyoushouldnotonlydress______butalsobeontimefortheinterview_____.A.neatly;atallcosts B.neat;asaresultC.neatly;assoonaspossible D.neat;asquicklyaspossible1.Hersmilehas______(prove)theresultoftheinterview.2.Iam________(hunt)foraflatnow.3.Therearetenwaiters______(serve)lunchtothecustomers.4.Therewere300__________(applicant)comingforthejobs,butonly2percentofthemcangetthejobs.5.Youcangetfive______(mark)vedhunting根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。servingapplicantsmarksReflection1.asaresult/asaresultof2.atallcosts3.miss…out4.ontime;intime5.aswellas6.arriveat/arrivein7.Yoursfaithfully=Yourssincerely1.____heisyoung,heknowsalotofthings.A.AsB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.If2.Hedidn'tcometotheparty____hehasalotofworktodo.A.becauseB.ifC.soD.alsothat3.Ican'tuseyourpen,____thereisnoinkinit.A.forB.sinceC.asD.because4.LinTaodidn'trecitethetext____hehadafeverlastnight.A.whyB.becauseC.untilD.unless5.We'llgotovisittheGreatWall____itdoesn'traintomorrow.A.sinceB.assoonasC.whenD.if6.Theboydidn'tgotoschool____hewasill.A.becauseB.ifC.butD.soCAABDA7.Hedidn'tgowithus____hewasverybusy.A.whenB.untilC.becauseD.so8.Idon'tknowifit____tomorrow.Ifit____,Iwon’tgoout.A.willrain,rainsB.willrain,willrainC.rains,rainsD.rains,willrain9.____youwon'thelpme,Imustdoitmyself.A.BecauseB.SinceC.IfD.While10.Youngpeoplelovethistimeofyear____it'sgoodforsports.A.sinceB.becauseC.soD.though11.___Ihaven’treadthebook,Ican'ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.A.ForB.SoC.AsD.SincethatCABBC12._____thejobapplicantishere,let’sbeginourinterview.A.SinceB.BecauseC.ForD.After13.---Whyisouratmospherechanging?---______wearepollutingitwithchemical.AAsBSinceCForD.Because14.___therewasnofoodinthefridge,____Iwenttothesupermarket.A.Because;soB.As;soC.As;/ D.For;/15.李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。

LiMingdidn'tcometoschool___________________________.ADCbecausehewasill1.Youwillnotpasstheexam__youdon’tworkhard.(unless/if)2.Youmustbesureyourteaiscool

_____youdrinkit.(since/before)3.Youshouldwalkslowlyinicyweather______youdonotfallover.(sothat/although)4.Youshouldnotdrive____drinkingbeer.(until/after)ifbeforesothatafter5.____itisoftenverycoldinthemountains,youneedtowearwarmclothes.(Since/Inorderthat)6.IwaswaitingforTim____hewasdoinghishomework.(since/while)7.Tomboughtadog________heactuallypreferscats.(because/although)Sincewhilealthough状语从句--中考链接一、时间和条件状语从句由before,after,when,while,since,until,as,assoonas等引导的时间状语从句以及由if，unless引导的条件状语从句，若主句出现以下四种情况之一时，则从句用一般现在时。（一）当主句谓语是一般将来时时。

如：I’lltellherthegoodnewswhenshecomesback.Hewillcomehereontimeunlessitrains.（二）当主句是祈使句时。如：Lethimcallmeassoonashecomesback.Pleasestayathomeifitrainstomorrow.（三）当主句的谓语含有can,may,must等情态动词时。如：Shecan’thelpyouuntilyoutellherthetruth.Youmuststopwhenthetrafficlightsarered.（四）当主句的谓语是hope,wish,want等动词时。如：Iwanttogothereiftherainstops.友情提示：1.since引导的时间状语从句如用一般过去时，则主句常用现在完成时。2.when引导的时间状语从句如用一般过去时，则主句常用过去进行时或过去完成时。3.“祈使句+or+陈述句”这一并列句常可与if或unless引导的条件状语从句进行同义句转换。考题链接Ifyou____latetomorrowmorning,youwon’tcatchtheearly

bus.

A.getup

B.don’tgetup

C.willgetup【答案解析】时间和条件状语从句遵循“主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时”的原则。选A。2.Ididn’tknowhecameback____Imethiminthestreet.

A.since

B.whenC.until

D.after【答案解析】句意为“直到在街上见到他我才知道他回来了。”not...until...为固定结构，意为“直到……才……”。选C。【答案解析】“祈使句+or+陈述句”常与if引导的

否定的条件状语从句进行

句型转换。应填If;don’t。3.Hurryup!Oryouwillmissthetrain.(改为同义句)

_____

you

_____hurryup,

youwillmissthetrain.

二、原因状语从句原因状语从句可以由as,because,since等引导。在引导原因状语从句时，because语气最强，其次是as和since。由why提出的问句要用because来回答。友情提示：because与so不能在同一个复合句中使用。考题链接IkeepanEnglishdiary_____ithelpsmeimprovemywritingskill.

A.how

B.when

C.because

D.if【答案解析】本题考查原因状语从句的用法。句意为“我坚持写英语日记，因为它能帮我提高写作能力。”前后句是因果关系，故答案为C。2._____hislegwashurt,______hewalkedslowly.

A.Because;so

B.Because;/C.Although;but

D.Although;/【答案解析】because与so不能同时使用，再由句意“因为他的腿受伤了，所以他走得很慢”可知，应选B。【答案解析】对because引导的原因状语从句提问时需用why。故应填Whydo。3.Icollecttoysbecausetheyarebeautiful.(对画线部分提问)

___________youcollecttoys?

三、让步状语从句:一般由though/although,evenif/though等连词来引导。友情提示：though/although与but不能在一个复合句中同时使用。考题链接1.Iwillneverforgetthatterribleaccident_______

ithappenedsolongago.

A.onlyif

B.eventhoughC.onlywhen

D.eversince【答案解析】由句意“尽管那场可怕的事故发生这么长时间了，但我决不会忘记”可知，需用eventhough(尽管，即使)。选B。【答案解析】本题考查让步状语从句。句意为“虽然现在天黑了，但是工人们仍然在那里继续工作着。”though用于句首，意为“虽然，尽管”。不能和but同时出现在句中。选A。2.

_____itisdarknow,theworkersgoonworkingthere.

A.Though

B.Because

C.As四、比较状语从句比较状语从句一般由as和than引导。考题链接1.Ourvillagehaschangedalot,anditbecomes_____before.

A.sobeautifulas

B.asbeautifullyas

C.morebeautifulthanD.muchmorebeautiful【答案解析】由前句“我们村子发生了很大变化”可知，“它比以前更美丽了。”故选C。2.Don’tjustbelievetheadvertisement.Thatkindofcamerais

____itsays.

A.asgoodas

B.notasgoodasC.aswellas

D.notaswellas【答案解析】根据前句句意“不要只相信广告”可知下文为“那种相机不像广告说得那么好。”notas+adj./adv.+as...表示“……和……不一样……”。be动词后跟形容词作表语，应选B。五、结果和目的状语从句so/such...that（如此……以致于）引导结果状语从句；sothat（以便于，为了）引导结果或目的状语从句。考题链接1.Thisexerciseis____

difficult

____.A.so;thatfewofuscandoB.so;thatfewofuscandoitC.too;foranyoneofustodoD.too;foranyoneofustodoit【答案解析】

anyone后不能跟of...,故排除C、D两项。在so...that句型中，that引导的应是一个完整的状语从句，因此其主谓宾各种成分应齐全。选B。【答案解析】

根据that后的句子用了肯定句，前后句子主语不一致可知，能与简单句...enoughforsb.to转换。应填easyenoughforme。2.ThismathproblemissoeasythatIcanworkitout.(改为简单句)

Thismathproblemis

_________toworkout.友情提示：1.复合连词sothat既可引导结果状

语从句，又可引导目的状语从句。

如：Theroomwasfilledwithpeople,sothatwecouldn’tgetin.

(结果状语从句)2.sothat引导目的状语从句，若主从句的主语一致时，则常改为简单句soastodosth.或inordertodosth.。如：Heworkedhardsothathecouldmakemoremoney.→Heworkedhardsoasto/inordertomakemoremoney.考题链接Youmustcheckyourpapercarefully_____thereisnomistakeinit.

A.sothat

B.suchthatC.inorderto

D.soasto【答案解析】

sothat意为“以便于；为了”，后面跟句子；而inorderto或soasto意为“为了”，后跟动词原形。选A。1.___,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.Howeverlateishe

B.Howeverlateheis

C.Howeverishelate

D.HoweverheislateB选择题。2.Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup___therehadoncebeenatheatre.A.that B.whenC.which D.whereD3.Whydoyouwantanewjob__you’vegotsuchagoodonealready?A.thatB.where

C.which D.when4.—I’mgoingtothepostoffice.—___you’rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?