短语点复习学案 人教版英语七年级下册

知识点梳理知识点一：一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词形式为动词原形，当主语是第三人称单数时，动词用三单形式。（加s/es）一、一般现在时的用法。1.一般现在时表示现在的状态：Heistwelve.Sheisatwork.2.表示经常或习惯性的动作：Igetupat6:30everyday.3.表示主语具备的性格和能力:Heisoutgoing.ShespeaksFrench.4.普遍的真理和自然规律：Themoongoesaroundtheearth.Twoplusfourissix.二、常与一般现在时连用的词及短语1.always总是，usually通常，often常常，sometimes有时，never从不等频率副词用于主语之后，动词之前。Weoftenplaybasketballafterschool.我们经常放学后打篮球。everyday(week,month,year,spring．．．)每天（周，月，春天．．．），OnSundays每个星期天inthemorning/evening/afternoon在早上（中午、晚上）等。三、句型结构：

I.当动词是be时：

谓语动词be包括

am,is

,are.

其用法是:我用am;你用are;

is用于他她它;所有复数都用are.

肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。Heisaworker.他是一名工人。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它Isheaworker?他是工人吗？肯定回答

Yes,主语（代词）＋be

Yes,heis.是的，他是。

否定回答

No,主语（代词）＋be＋notNo.heisn’t.注意：必须用缩写形式

isn't/aren't，amnot不用缩写。特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句Whatdoeshedo?他是做什么的？2.行为动词的变化:1)、当主语为第一、二人称(I,weyou)及复数时，动词用原形，变否定句或疑问句时则加助动词do。肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。Weplaybasketballafterschool.否定句：主语+don't+动词原形(+其它)。Wedon’tbasketballafterschool.一般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+其它?Doyoubasketballafterschool?肯定回答

Yes,主语（代词）＋do.Yes,wedo.

否定回答

No,主语（代词）＋don’t.No,wedon't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？Whatdoyoudoafterschool?2)当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it,单数名词)时,动词用三单形式，变否定句或疑问句时则加助动词does。肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。Heplaysbasketballafterschool.否定句：主语+doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。Hedoesn’tplaybasketballafterschool.一般疑问句：Does+主语+动词原形+其它。Doheplaybasketballafterschool?肯定回答

Yes,主语（代词）＋does.Yes,hedo.否定回答

No,主语（代词）＋doesn’t.No,hedoesn’t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？Whatdoeshedoafterschool?第三人称单数的动词变化规则一般情况下动词直接加srun-runsget-gets以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词，加esmiss-missesgo-goeswash-washeswatch-watches以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，将y改为i加esStudy-studiesfly-flies注意：have-has，y前如果为元音则直接加s:buy-buys,say-says例题1.---_________doesyourfathergotoworkeveryday?---Hegoestoworkbybike.A.WhenB.HowC.WhatD.Where例题2、根据中文提示完成句子1）.——你在哪里写你的作业？——我在电脑上写。---Where_____________________________________________?---Iwriteitonthecomputer.2）.——接下来这个男孩做什么呢？——他打开书。---__________________theboy__________________?---Heopensthebook.变式1、_________Bill_________twoping-pongballs?A.Do;haveB.Does;haveC.Do;hasD.Does;has变式2、---_________youspell“pen”?---P-E-N,pen.A.HowareB.WhatdoC.HowdoD.Whatare变式3.用动词所给适当形式填空。1.Daniel

and

Tommy_________

(be)

members

of

the

Reading

Club.2.

My

cousin

sometimes

_________

(play)

cards

with

me.3.

His

father

often

_________

(read)

books

in

the

library

on

Saturdays.4._________your

parents_________(read)

newspapers

every

day?5.

_________

he_________(like)

the

World

Cup?6.The

girl_________

(go)

tothenationallibrary

twiceamonth.7.There

_________(be)

some

water

in

the

bottle.8.She

and

I________(take)a

walk

together

every

evening.知识点二：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，动词要用过去式。一、常与一般过去时连用的词及短语：时间+ago:amomentago,threeyearsagolast引导的时间短语：lastyear/week/Saturday,justnow(刚才),yesterday，thedaybeforeyesterday(前天)，in1998…，whenIwas5yearsold,...等二、一般过去时的结构：1.Be动词的一般过去时：主语+be(was/were)...肯定句：主语+was/were+其他.Iwasinthecinemayesterday.否定句：主语+was/were+not+其他?Iwasnotinthecinemayesterday?一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他？Wereyouinthecinemayesterday?肯定回答：Yes,Iwas.否定回答：No,Iwasn’t.2.行为动词的一般过去时：主语+动词过去式肯定句：主语+动词的过去式.IwatchedafilmlastSunday.否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形?Ididn’twatchafilmlastSunday.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形?DidyouwatchafilmlastSunday?肯定回答：Yes,Idid.否定回答：No,Ididn’t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+以did开头的一般疑问句?WhatdidyoudolastSunday?三．动词过去式变化规则一般在动词末尾加-edpull-pulledcook-cooked动词结尾是e只加dhope-hopedlive-lived末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-edstop-stoppedship-shipped以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为istudy-studiedworry-worried不规则动词过去式am,is-wasare-were,do-didhave-had2).Therebe句型的一般过去时的句式变化肯定句There+was/were+主语+其他否定句There+wasn’t/weren’t+主语+其他一般疑问句Was/Were+there+主语+其他？肯定答语Yes,therewas/were.否定答语No,therewasn’t/weren’t.例句：Therewasapondinthevillagetenyearsago.十年前这个村庄有一个池塘。Therewasn’tapondinthevillagetenyearsago.十年前这个村庄没有池塘。Wasthereapondinthevillagetenyearsago?十年前这个村庄有池塘吗？Yes,therewas.是的，有。No,therewasn’t.不，没有。例题1、---Wereyouintheclassroomjustnow?---_________.Iwasintheplayground.A.Yes,IwasB.No,Iwasn’tC.Yes,IdidD.No,Ididn’t例题2、根据中文提示完成句子1）.珍妮是在哪里出生的？__________________jennyborn?2）.她们生于北京。They___________________________Beijing.变式1、I_________playthepianowhenI_________fouryearsold.A.could;wasB.can;wasC.could;amD.can;am变式2、---Lucy,where_________youbornandhowold_________you?---London,andI’mthirteen.A.was;areB.were;areC.are;wasD.are;were变式3、句型转换(1)IwasborninthecityofWeifang.(改为一般疑问句)________________borninthecityofWeifang?(2)MrWangwasmyfirstEnglishteacher.(对画线部分提问)________________________firstEnglishteacher?变式4.用动词的适当形式填空。1.He

_________(work)

in

that

bank

four

years

ago.2.I

_________(think)of

a

goodidea

just

now.3.I

_________(see)

him

yesterday.4.He_________(come)

to

school

at

6

o’clock

this

morning.5.He

_________(tell)

a

story

to

his

daughter

yesterday.6._________

you

_________(try)

to

call

me

last

night?变式5.写出下列动词的过去式形式。1.am／is

_________

do

_________

go

_________

have_________2.isn’t

_________

aren’t

_________

spend_________

cook_________3.read

_________

clean

_________

live

_________

study_________易错点1.bored，boring1.bored意为“讨厌的；烦闷的”，修饰人。2.boring意为“令人厌烦的；令人讨厌的”，修饰物。例句：Idon’tlikethelecture.It’stooboring.我不喜欢这个讲座。太无聊了。Ihadnothingtodothisafternoon,soIfeltverybored.今天下午我没事做，所以我感到非常无聊。例题：It’sa_________talk.Ifeel_________whenItalkwiththem.A.boring;boring B.bored;boredC.boring;bored D.bored;boring积累：excited(be~dabout)/excitingsurprised(be~dat)//surprisingamazed(be~dat)//amazinginterested(be~edin)/interestingterrified(beterrifiedat/of/with)/terrifyingpleased(be~dwith)/pleasing,=pleasant2.open和turnon1).open意为“打开”，反义词为close“关闭”，通常指把封闭的东西打开，比如“开窗”，“开门”等。2).turnon也表示“打开”，翻译词为turnoff“关上”，通常表示电器的开关，比如“开电脑”，“开电视”等。例句：MayIopenthewindowforawhile?我能开一会窗么？Turnonthelightwhenitisdark.天黑了就把灯开开。例题：Please_________thewindow,andthenwecanletthefreshairin.A.open B.close C.turnon D.turnoff练习：1.短文语法填空题．

Ihavebeenworryingaboutsomanyproblemslately．Iamhopingthatyoucangivemesome(1)________(advise)onhowtodealwith(2)________Asyouknow,Ihaveverystrictparents．Theywillnotletmedoanything(3)________myown．Icannotgooutwithfriends(4)________talkwiththemonthephone．Theywantmetohelpoutathome．Iam(5)________busythatIdonothavetimetostudy．Iam(6)________(stress)fromschoolworktoo．ThereissomuchworkandIhavemeanclassmates(7)________alwaysshowofftheirexpensivethings．Theyknowmyfamilyhasmoneyproblemsandtheylikemakingmefeelbadaboutnot(8)________(have)nicethings．Icannotsleepwellatnight(9)________Iamtooworried．Isometimesfeellikerunningawayfromhome．Doyouhaveanysuggestionsonhowtodealwithstress?I(10)________appreciateanytips．2.根据下列所给句子及所给单词的首字母，按题号写出各单词的完全形式(每空限填一词)。(1)Ifeelreallysorrywhenshetellsmetherealandt________news:TheairlineMH370crashed