中考英语完形填空策略指导课件

StrategiesofClozeTests完形填空解题策略完形填空是一种既对局部进行考查、又对整体进行宏观考查的试题类型，是一种考查语言知识综合运用能力的测试形式。其要求考生根据文章的整体内容和结构，在区分其内在逻辑关系的同时，选择符合文章情节的答案。命题特点是“立足语境、强调推理、注重实际”。完形填空概述中考完形填空采用的考试形式通常为：记叙文、短篇小说、议论文、科普文章、剧本、书信、电子邮件等大多数学生熟悉的长度为300--380词的文本中留出15个空白处，构成15个小题，每小题有4个选项，要求考生从中选出一个最佳答案，使内容完整、正确，构成一篇完整、可阅读的。完形填空考查体裁完形填空解题技巧完形填空技能词语复现解题法上下文语境逻辑推理解题法词义辨析和固定搭配解题法语法结构解题法根据生活常识解题法词语复现解题法是指某一个词以原词或同义词等方式在同一语篇中重复出现。语篇中的句子通过复现关系达到相互衔接的目的。词语复现又可分为原词复现、同源词复现（又叫同根词复现）、同义词或近义词复现（包括与近义词的同根词复现，如ill与sick）、上下义复现（即总括与分述，如animal是sheep,tiger等的上义词；rose是flower的下义词）、反义复现等。Tip1:词语复现解题法小试牛刀MrsNeidlwouldaskmeformy_______.ShewantedtoknowhowIthought...ShebelievedIhadopinions,soIbeganto...()A.opinionB.informationC.inventionD.introductionTheartexpertswhoworkatthegallerysaytheyusedmodernchemistrytechnologyto________thepaintonthepicture.Thesechecksfoundtrace(痕迹）ofpaintdeepinthepicturedatingfromabout1814.()A.tryB.removeC.washD.checkAD原词复现Tip2:上下文语境逻辑推理解题法这类题主要是通过短文中上下语境所透露的信息进行解题。首先要正确理解所给信息，再进行合理分析和推断，这种语境信息一定要遵循逻辑概念。这种逻辑关系主要包含并列关系、对比关系、递进关系、因果关系、转折关系、让步关系和结果关系等。这类题的选项多为连词、副词或具有连词意义的各类短语。小试牛刀Whenwetalked,IdiscoveredsomedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle_______thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.()A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.laterMrsBlackwouldaskmeformyopinion.ShewantedtoknowhowIthoughtweshouldhandlethngs.AtfirstIhadnoideatoanswerbecauseIknow________aboutstagedesign!()A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everythingBC对比关系因果关系Tip3:词义辨析和固定搭配解题法这类题主要是惯用搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。小试牛刀ThechancepassedandIdidn't_____it.ItooktheexamthenextdayandIwon.Ididn'tmeantocheat,butIwasstillcheatinganyhow.()A.takeB.haveC.loseD.findThenursehadhimtakea______inthewaitingarea,tellinghimitwouldbeatleast40minutesbeforesomeonewouldbeabletoseehim.()A.breathB.testC.seatD.walkABThechancepassed和Ididn'ttakethechance构成并列关系，意为“没有抓住机会”Tip4:语法结构解题法这类题需要考生有较为扎实的语法基础知识，能够从句式的结构上辨别出，并填入相关的关联词、连词、副词、形容词或相应的动词。当然还要考虑到主谓一致等语法知识要点。Asmyfather,_____workedthreejobs,oncetoldme...()A.heB.whoseC.whoD.whomShewasFrench--perhapsfromthatplace_____heusuallyspenthisholidays.()A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which小试牛刀CA定语从句Tip5:根据生活常识解题法将文本意思和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识，以及科普常识结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推理”常常交织在一起，因为虽有背景常识，仍需要简单推理，逻辑推理离不开背景常识。小试牛刀...“Ma'am”theofficerreplied,“youweren'tspeeding,butyoushouldknowthatdriving______thanthespeedlimitcanalsobeadangertootherdrivers.Thesameasaspeeder.”()A.closer B.slower C.farther D.higher...Forshypeople,itcanbe__1__tomakefriends,speakinclass,andevengetagoodjob.Butscientistssayyoucan__2__yourshyness.Theysuggesttrying__3__thingsandpracticingconversation.()1.A.difficult B.safe C.harmful D.surprising()2.A.runinto B.lookfor C.getover D.dependon()3.A.new B.private C.awful D.heavyBACA生活常识完形填空运用挑战Isatdowntoreadunderanoldtreeinthepark.Ifeltmylifewas__1__formywholeworldwasdark.Ayoungboyranuptome,outof___2___,hestoodrightbeforemewithhisheaddownandsaid___3___,“lookwhatIfound!”Inhishandwasflower,andwhatapoorsight!Theflowerwasdryand__4__.Igavehimasmallsmileandthenturnedmyeyesawaysothathecouldtakehisdryflowerandgoofftoplay.()1.A.hopeless B.colourful C.simple D.wonderful()2.A.mind B.trouble C.breath D.work()3.A.sadly B.strictly C.angrily D.excitedly()4.A.dead B.fresh C.alive D.heavyACDA上下文语境逻辑推理解题法生活常识解题法上下文语境逻辑推理解题法生活常识解题法完形填空运用挑战Diaosiwasn'tagoodterm(术语）.Itwasusedtodescribethosepoorandordinaryyouth___1___stayedathomealldayplayingvideogames,withnohopeforthefuture.Inotherwords,itmeanta__2__.However,asitwentpopularontheInternet,youngpeoplefromdifferentcountriesbegantolikeandattractedit.Andthediaosiaremostbetween30and39yearsold.Thesepeople__3__morethan80percentofthepopulationofthediaosi.()1.A.what B.which C.who D.how()2.A.loser B.winner C.player D.man()3.A.giveup B.lookup C.takeup D.makeupCAC