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preposition介词介词的主要分类:1.at10:00,inspring,onSeptember1st__________2.atthecinema,inthenorthofChina___________3.gobybus,writewithapen___________4.bytheway,atlast,intheend___________地点,方位介词方式介词时间介词固定搭配介词的考点一.表示时间介词三.表示方式介词二.表示地点(方位)介词四.常见介词的搭配时间介词在…时在…之前在…期间直到…从…到…(持续)…多久到…为止在…之后自从…inforafteruntilbyduringbeforeatsinceonfrom…to..说说它们的中文意思考考你区别下列时间介词1.in,on,at2.in,after3.for,since4.before,by5.from,during6.until,not…until总复习一、时间介词
表示较长时间如:世纪、年代、年份、月份、季节、上午/下午/晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词in。
inthe19thcentury;2010;March;spring;themorning;thefuture1.区别in\on\at,见《53》38面onMonday;March5th;March5th,2010;Children’sDay;acoldmorning;holiday;arainyevening表示某一天或者特定的时间如:星期、某月某日、某年某月某日、含Day的节日、有定语修饰的上午/下午/晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词on。
表示某一时间点,如:钟点、节日、年龄、中午/夜晚/子夜的就餐时间或其它的习惯用法中要用at。
at
7.30;theageof19;noon/night/midnight;lunchtime;first/last;
atChristmas1.MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveinParis_______themorningofJuly9.2.WetravelledovernighttoParisandarrived_______5o’clock______themorning.3.Wefinishourlessons_______11:30andthenhavearest_______noon.atinataton在……之后(内)用于将来时in+时间段在……之后
用于过去时
after+时间段after+时间点用于将来时2.howsoon提问,用in+时间段来回答见《53》42面【课堂练习】1.MrBrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___twoweeks.2.Ourmanagercameback___anhour.3.-------Howsoonwillshearrive?-------
twohours.inafterIn3.for+时段
since+
时段+ago
since+
时间点
since+
一般过去时句子常用于现在完成时见《53》38面howlong提问,用for/since来回答1.Hecamehere_______1992,andhehaslivedhere________1992.2.IhaveknownLiLei_________overfiveyears.3.---_______haveyoubeeninShenzhen?---Forthreeyears.4.Ithasbeenthreeyearssincehe__________here.(come)insinceforHowlongcame4.from+时间点从……(起)1.Westudyatschool_______MondaytoFriday.2.Heliveswithus______theseyears.fromduringduring+时间段在……期间5:until直到…¬…until直到…才…Iwaitedforhimuntiltenp.m.2)TheywillstaythereuntilnextMonday.3)Hedidn'tturnup
untilhalfanhourlater.
4)Thetrafficlawsdon'ttakeeffectuntiltheendoftheyear.Notes:1.until用于肯定句,意思是“到…为止”,主句必须使用延续性动词.
2.until用于否定句,意思是“直到…才”,主句动词可以是延续性或非延续性的【课堂练习】1.Ihadtoomuchworktodolastnight,Ididn’tgotobed___________11o’clock.2.Theywillstaythere___________nextMonday.untiluntilConclusion:before+时间段/句子表示“在……之前”;by+将来时间点,要用一般将来时,+过去时间点,要用过去完成时”表示“到…时为止;不迟于”表示较长时间如:世纪、年代、年份、月份、季节、上午/下午/晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词in表示某一时间点,如:钟点、节日、年龄、中午/夜晚/子夜的就餐时间或其它的习惯用法中要用at表示某一天或者特定的时间如:星期、某月某日、某年某月某日、含Day的节日、有修饰的上午/下午/晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词onin+时间段,表示在……之后(内)用于将来时after表示在……之后,after+时间段,用于过去时,after+时间点,用于将来时表示持续一段时间用介词for:for+时间段表示“自……以来”,从过去某一时刻到现在,用介词since,用于现在完成时。表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用介词from…to…。表示“在……的期间”要用介词during,during表示在特定的时间里。表示“直到…”某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止,用介词till/until。Conclusion:地点介词atinonoverunderabovebelowinfrontofinthefrontof在…(小地点)说说它们的中文意思考考你在…(大地点)在…上面在…正上方在…正下方在…上方在…下方在…(外部)的前面在…(内部)的前面地点介词beforebehindbesidebetweenamongaroundalongthroughacross在…前面说说它们的中文意思考考你在…后面在…旁边在…(两者)之间在…(三者)之间在…周围沿着(内部)穿过(表面)穿过区别下列地点介词on,over,underabove,belowin,at,on(infrontof,inthefrontof)in,to,onthrough,across,up,down,over,round,pastto,for,towardsbetween,amongin,on总复习二.地点介词
1.on在……的上面,与表面接触
over在……的正上方,不接触表面
under在……正下方(是on,over的反义词)1.Look!Thereisabridge_________theriver.2.Canyouseetheegg____________theplate?3.Thelight______usisverybright.overonover2.above在……上方(非正上方)
below在……下方,是above的反义词2.Welayontheroofandenjoyedwatchingthestars___________.4.Fromthehilltopwecouldseetheplains
.abovebelow3.in+大地方
at+小地方
on+门牌,某层楼infrontof
是在物体外部的前面inthefrontof
是在物体内部的前面1.Myunclelive_________F12_______thefifthfloor.2.Theyarrived________Beijingat12:00andwaitedforabus________thestationtothehotel.3.Thereisatree____________theclassroom.4.Thereisablackboard___________________theclassroom.oninatinfrontofinthefrontofat4.in里面,排、行、组on左、右边at前、后部Weare________TeamOne.Isit_______thefrontoftheclassroom.LiPingis_______myleft.ininon5.in在某范围之内
to在某范围之外
on与某地相邻、接壤
1.Chinalies_______theeastofAsiaand_______thenorthofAustralia.2.Indiais________thenorthofChina.toinon三组表示位置关系的介词比较
Bis___theeastofA.Dis___theeastofA.Cis___theeastofA.1.Japanis___theeastofAsia.2.Hunanis___thenorthofGuangdong.3.Koreais___thenortheastofChina.northsouthwesteastABCDintooninontothroughacrossupdownoverround6.through\across\up\down\over\round横穿从内部穿过Runquickly!1.Thesunshinecomeintotheroom________thewindow.2.Youcango________theroadhere.3.Canyouswim_____________theriver.4.Theboyswalked___________abeggar.5.Aplaneflew___________thehouse.6.Hetravelled___________theworld.7.The
monkey
is
climbing
_______
the
treeinordertogetthepeaches.8.The
dogs
were
running
________
the
hilluntiltheyreachedthebottom.throughacrossacrosspastoverroundupdown7.to表目的地或去的目的,常在go,come,return,move后
for动身去某地,常在leave,start后towards“朝,向”,表示方向,无到达的意思1.Hemoved
Shanghai.2.Willyoutakeatrain___Tianjian.3.I’mleaving____Beijingnextweek.4.Shewalkedslowly___________me.totofortowards8.between在两者之间
among在……当中(三者或以上)1.Theylived_____themountainsinthepast.2.Don’tsit________thetwogirls.amongbetween在树上Look!Mykitegetsstuckinthetree!Therearealotofapplesonthetree.在墙上OurclasshassixwindowsinthewallMr.Huanghangsapictureofhisonthewall在报纸上NowadayspeoplearetoobusytoreadthenewsinthenewspaperGrandmaputherglassedonthenewspaperin在…上(不属于事物本身的东西);在…里面on在…上(属于事物本身的东西);在…表面at一般指小地方;in一般指大地方或某个范围内。over,above和on均表示“在……上面”,over反义词是under;above反义词是below;on指两个物体表面有接触。
infrontof
表示“在……前面”,inthefrontof
表示“在……内部的前面”
。Conclusion:between表示在两者之间,among表示“在……中”数目为三者或三者以上,around表示围绕在四周。in在…上(不属于事物本身的东西);在…里面on在…上(属于事物本身的东西);在…表面Conclusion:
round表示“环绕,围绕”。over表示“越过,跨过”。up
表示“向上”,其反义词down表示“向下”。cross
表面穿过through
中间穿过
to
表目的地或去的目的
for
动身去某地
towards“朝,向”,表示方向in
在某范围之内
to
在某范围之外
on
与某地相邻、接壤三.方式介词之in的用法1.WetalkinEnglish.__________________①(使)用某种语言用汉语:inChinese2.Youcansolvethisprobleminthisway.
___________________inthisway用这种方式indifferentways用不同的方式②用……的方式3.Mysisterisinred.Thewomaninayellowdressismymother.___________________________________③in+服装,颜色表示穿什么颜色的衣服用日语:inJapanese3.With
themoney,theybuiltsomeschoolsinthepoorarea._______________________三.方式介词之with的用法“使用”的意思1.Weseewithoureyesandhearwithourears._____________________________①使用人体器官做某事2.Chineseusuallyeatwithchopsticks.________________________②使用某一工具③使用(利用)某材料(金钱等)三.方式介词之by的用法Wegotoschoolby
bike/bus/car/ship/plane…
___________________________________by常接,表示通过某种方式做某事.Italkwithmyfriendsby
sendinge-mail.___________________________通过某种手段或方式注意:步行是_________.
在表达”乘……”时,还可用介词on/in.onfootbybus=ona/thebusbybike=ona/the/one’sbikebyplane=ona/theplanebycar=ina/the/one’scar交通工具Conclusion:in①(使)用某种语言②用……的方式③in+服装,颜色表示穿什么颜色的衣服with①使用人体器官做某事②使用某一工具③使用(利用)某材料(金钱等)by①常接交通工具,②表示通过某种方式做某事.③通过某种手段或方式1.Mymotheroftengotowork_______bike.2.Ifyouareabletogettheticketstomorrow,pleasetellme________phone.3.Theteacheriswritingonthepaper_______redinkandtheblackboard______apieceofchalk.4.Canyousayit________English?byinwithinbyexcept
除……之外,不包括(同类排除)exceptfor
除……之外,不包括(非同类排除)besides
除……之外,还包括1.Everyonepassedtheexam___Tom.A.besidesB.exceptC.for2.__MrLi,fiveteacherswenttothemeeting.A.BesidesB.ExceptC.Beside3.Yourcompositionisgood,
somespellingmistakes.A.besidesB.exceptC.exceptfor其他介词bemadeof+从成品上看得出的材料bemadefrom+从成品上看不出的原料bemadein+产地bemadeinto+产品bemadeby+制造者bemadeupof由…制成ItissaidthatthiskindofclothismadeofsilkanditismadeinChina.据说这种布料是由丝绸制成的并且由中国制造。Thiswineismadefromgrapes.这酒是葡萄酿的。ThismachineismadebyUncleWang.这机器是王伯伯制造的。含介词的常见固定搭配Itissaidthatthiskindofclothismadeofsilk.itismadeinChina.Thiswineismadefromgrapes.ThismachineismadebyUncleWangThearticleismadeupoffourparts.Flour(面粉)canbemadeintobread.bemadeof、bemadefrom、bemadein、bemadeby、bemadeupof、bemadeinto
1)Thestampisusedforsendingletters.
2)Englishiswidelyusedbytravellersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld.
3)Englishisusedasthesecondlanguageinmanycountries.
4)Iamusedtogettingupearlyeverymorning.我习惯早起
5)Iusedtogetupatsix.我过去常常6点起床beusedfordoingsth、beusedtodosth、beusedby、beusedas、beusedtodoingsthusedtodo3.常见的介词搭配①It’sveryniceofyoutohelpme.②It’sverygoodforyoutodoexercise.③theanswer(key)tothequestion(lock)④befamousfor⑤befamousas⑥bemadeof
⑦bemadefrom⑧ontime⑨intime介词和动词的固定搭配。(1)同一动词和不同介词的搭配:lookat(看)
lookfor(找)lookafter(照顾)lookover(检查)lookoutof(朝……外面看)look(a)round(环视)arrivein+大地方(到达)arriveat+小地方(到达)hearof(听说)hearfrom(收到……的来信)spend+钱+onsth.(花钱做某事)spend+时间+(in)doingsth.(花时间做某事)同一介词和不同动词的搭配:askfor(要求)
leavefor(动身去)sendfor(派人去请)
payfor(付钱)waitfor(等待)agreewithsb(同意某人)beginwith(以……开始)helpwith(在……方面帮助)catchupwith(赶上)geton/alongwith(与……相处)makefriendswith(与……交朋友)(2)同一介词和不同动词的搭配:askfor(要求)
leavefor(动身去)sendfor(派人去请)
payfor(付钱)waitfor(等待)agreewithsb(同意某人)beginwith(以……开始)helpwith(在……方面帮助)catchupwith(赶上)geton/alongwith(与……相处)makefriendswith(与……交朋友)(3)其他的介词和动词的搭配:listento(听)
comefrom(来自……)falloff(从……上摔下)
tryout(试验)knockat/on(敲)prefer...to...(比起……来还是……好)learnbyoneself(自学)takecareof(照顾)stop...(from)doing(阻止……做……)helponeselfto+食物(随便吃……)getto(到达)Thanksto(多亏,由于)介词和形容词的常见搭配:begoodat(在……方面好)beweakin(在……方面差)begoodfor(对……有好处)bebadfor(对……有坏处)belatefor(迟到)besorryfor(为……遗憾,抱歉)befullof(充满)bebusywith(忙于)beangrywith(对某人生气)beafraidof(害怕)beinterestedin(对……感兴趣)bedifferentfrom(与……不同)bestrictwithsb.insth.(在某事上对某人严格)befondof(喜爱)1.害怕2.对……惊讶3.生气4.对……兴奋5.对……满意6.以……著名7.充满了8.擅长9.对……感兴趣10.迟到11.与……不同
beafraidof
beamazedat
beangrywith
beexcitedabout
bepleasedwith
befamousfor
befilledwith
begoodat
beinterestedin介词短语
belatefor
bedifferentfromRememberandtranslate:
hearfromringup
holdonsenduphurryupstopsb.from
doingsth.knockat/ontakedown/out/offlaughattakepartinlistentothinkaboutlookafter/at/for/up/outtryontakecareofturnon/offmakefriendswithwaitforpayforwakeupputon/upwritedownputsth.downworryabout看谁译得又快又好...随堂练习1.—Howcanweprotectourselves_______theearthquake?—Weshouldstaycalmfirst.【2014铜仁】2.We’llplaybasketball_______Class3tomorrow.【2014铜仁】3.—Aperson’slifeislikearoad___lotsofdifficulties.—Yes,soweneedpositiveenergy.【2014连云港】4.Mother’sDayis_______thesecondSundayinMayintheUnitedStates.【2014长沙】5.Yousee,Keviniswriting______hislefthand.【2014河北】6.Aconversation_______awisepersonisworthtenyears’studyofbooks.【2014河南】7.Isometimeshelpmymomwithherhousework______Saturdays.【2014北京】 8.NanjingLishuiStrawberryFestivalopened______MarchinFujiabianModernAgriculturalParkthisyear.【2014南京】fromagainstwithonwithwithonin9.—Shesoldhertreasurestocurehermother’sillness,eventhoughitwas
herownwishes.—It’ssokind_____her.【2014鄂州】 10.Teenagersshouldbeencouragedtogo______andbeclosetonature.【2014昆明】11.Mr.Green’sofficeis_______the26thfloor.Youcantakethelifethere.【2014重庆市A】12.—Whattimedoyouusuallygotoschool,Jack?—_______abouthalfpastseven.【2014重庆市B】13.—Whatwouldyoulike_______yourafternoontea?
—Justacupofcoffee_______somesugarandmilk.【2014呼和浩特】14.Meimeiisabeautifulgirl_______bigeyesanddarkhair.【2014济宁】15.OnMay10th,ahorsewasfoundrunninghappily_______thebusystreetinBeijing.【2014东营】16.Cambridgeisasmallcity_______theeastofEngland.【2014天津】17.Momalwaystellsmethatnothingcanbelearned______hardwork..【2014邵阳】againstofoutsideonAtforwithwithwithoutinin18.Someworkersinthatfactoryhavetowork_______night.【2014嘉兴】19.______allhispocketmoney,DanboughtapresentforhismotheronMother’sDay.【2014丽水】20.We’releavingtomorrow.Wewillbeaway_______nextFriday.【2014威海】21.AshipfromSouthKoreasankintothesea_______April16,2014.【2014滨州】22.Itisbelievedthat_______December21,1891,thefirstbasketballgameinhistorywasplayed.【2014菏泽】23.—HowsoonwillhisfathercomebackfromLondon?—_______aweek.【2014聊城】24.Now,peopleregarddrinkingtea_______aculturethanahabit.【2014临沂】25.—WhatcanIdoforyou?—IhopeIhaveanicehouse_______abiggarden.【2014潍坊】atWithuntilononInaswith课后练习1.---Howareyougoingtothetrainstationtomeetyouraunt?---I’mgoingthere_______car.2.Hangzhouisfamous______theWestLake.3.Couldyoutellmeifthereisaflighttothecapital______March,
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