山西省朔州市偏岭中学2021-2022学年高三英语模拟试题含解析

山西省朔州市偏岭中学2021-2022学年高三英语模拟试题含解析一、选择题1.---DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?---No,nosooner________thanithappened.A.hadshegone

B.shehadgone

C.hasshegone

D.shehasgone

参考答案：A2.________thereisgoingtobeapolicychange_________ofthosethingsisgoingtochange.A.Unless;few

B.Until;few

C.Unless;none

D.Until;none参考答案：C3.____alongthequietroadatfortymilesanhour,andthenanoldmansuddenlystartedtocrosstheroadinfrontofme.A.Driving

B.WhenIwasdriving

C.Iwasdriving

D.Havingdriven参考答案：C4.Weknowthatourpetdogsandcatscanrecognizeourfaces,butourpetfish?AteamofscientistsfromtheUKandAustraliahavediscoveredthatarcherfishcandistinguishhumanfaces!A.rememberB.tellapartC.recognizeD.attack参考答案：B5.RainstormscontinuedtohitmostpartsofsouthernChina,

millionsofpeoplethere.A.affected

B.toaffectC.affecting

D.havingaffected参考答案：C6.Whydidthewomanmoveout?A.Shedislikedtheroomthatwastoosmallforher.

B.Herroommatewasalwaysmakingnoiseintheroom.

C.Herroommatesaidsomethingthatmadeherangry.参考答案：C7.Thelawyerlistenedwithfullattention，

tomissanypoint．A．nottrying

B．tryingnotC．totrynot

D．nottotry参考答案：B考查现在分词短语做伴随状语及动词不定式的否定式。句中listen和trynottomiss为同时进行的动作，故用现在分词的一般式做伴随状语。又动词不定式的否定式要在其前加not.故选B。8.Itdoesn’tmatterifyouhavemademistakes._______fromyourmistakesandyou’llmakeprogress.A.Learning

B.Learn

C.Tolearning

D.Tolearn参考答案：B9.Itwouldseemtobeageneraltruth__________nothingisasstraightforwardasitatfirstseems.A.that

B.when

C.what

D.if参考答案：A10.Lindafeltsomeone_____onherwayhomefromworkyesterdayevening，andthereforeshewasfrightenedandlookedbackfromtimetotime.A.followed

B.wouldfollow

C.hadfollowed

D.wasfollowing参考答案：D11.____intheUnitedStates,StLouishasnowbecomethe4thlargestcity.A.Itisthe24thbiggestcity B.Itwasthe24thbiggestcityC.Beforethe24thbiggestcity

D.Oncethe24thbiggestcity参考答案：D12.Onseeing______gifttheywanted，thekidsscreamedwith______delight.A./;a B.a；the C.the；/ D.the；a参考答案：C13.OnlymaycousinhaschosentoapplyforajobinAfrica

themajorityofthisyear’sgraduatesworkinginBritain.A．incommonwith B．aswellas C．incontrastto D．byreasonof参考答案：C14.Salesdirectorisaposition______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.A.whose B.where C.what D.that参考答案：B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：销售经理是一个交流能力和销售能力一样重要职位。本句是定语从句，先行词position在定语从句中做地点状语，把position放回从句中，在从句中充当的成分应是“onthisposition”，用关系副词where。故选D。【点睛】定语从句关系词的选择：1、划分句子成分，细心甄别答案。我们确定了考查的是定语从句后，接下来就要判断选用关系代词还是关系副词。关系代词与关系副词表意不同，在从句中的作用也不同。关系代词一般作主语，宾语。表语等，主要有既指人又指物的that，指人的who（主语），whom(宾语)，只指物的which或as。指“人的”或“物的”时，要用whose。而关系副词一段作状语等，主要有when（作时间状语）,why（原因状语）,where.（地点状语）。2、依托语境逻辑，选对关系词。要注意分清它们在定语从句充当什么成分。有时候，仅仅依靠语法规则，很难正确判断关系词，还要结合空格前后所提供的语境以及逻辑来选择3、结合从句提供的语境和句子的逻辑意义来判断。4、确定先行词，可将先行词还原到从句中。1)Whatwasthenameofthemanwho/thatlentyouthemoney借钱给你的那人叫什么名字?（定语从句修饰先行词theman,theman在定语从句中当主语，指人即可用who又可用that）2)Thisisthefactorythat/whichwevisitedtwodaysago.这是我们两天前参观过的工厂。（thefactory在定语从句中做visit的宾语,做宾语指物，既可用which，也可用that）3)Therearesomepeoplewhosefacesyoucanneverforget.有些人,他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。（定语从句修饰先行词people，people在定语从句中当定语,修饰faces,即他们的脸，人的/物的，要用whose）4)IrecentlywentbacktothetownwhereIwasborn.我最近曾回过一次我出生的城市。(先行词是thetown,在定语从句中表示出生的地点，当地点状语，有where，where=inwhich)5)Pleasetellmethereasonwhy（forwhich）youmissedtheplane.请告诉我你误机的原因。(先行词是thereason，在定语从句中表示missedtheplane的原因，当状语,用why，why=forwhich)6)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。(先行词是theday，在定语从句中表示cametothisschool的日子，做时间状语叶要用when，when=onwhich)7)Asiswellknowntous,thetelephonehasbroughtusmuchconvenience.=Thetelephonehasbroughtusmuchconvenience，asiswellknowntous.正如大家所知道的（众所周知），电话给我们带来了许多方便（as在定语从句中指代后面的一整个句子thetelephonehasbroughtusmuchconvenience众所周知，电话已经给我们带来很多方便。As引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如，就像”。既可置于句首也可置于句末。）15.Weprovidevariouscoursesduringthesummervacation.Youcanchoose

______youareinterestedin.A.

that B.one C. each D.It参考答案：B16.________thechilddevelopedthehabitofgettinguptoolatermadehismotherworriedandangry.A．What

B．If

C．Whether

D．That参考答案：D试题分析：该题考查名词性从句。made之前是主语从句，且不缺少任何成分，所以用that来引导。二、新的题型17.Empathyistheabilitytoimaginewhatitmustbelikeinsomeoneelse’ssituation.Itisanessentialpartofwhatitmeanstobehuman,totheextentthatwearesuspiciousofanyonewhodoesnotshowempathyintheirbehavior.___46___Wereadnovels,watchtelevisionandgotothetheatre,andpartofourenjoymentcomesfromunderstandingthedilemmafacedbythecharactersbecauseweknowhowwewouldfeelifwewereinthesamesituation.___47___Onestudyhasshownanimalsdisplayingempathytowardsotheranimalsandtowardshumans.Creaturesfromacrosstheanimalkingdomsuchasbeesandwhales,aswellasdomesticpets,displaybehaviorthatsuggeststheycooperatewithandprotecteachother.Inanotherstudy,psychiatristJulesMassermanandhisteamconductedanexperimentwithmonkeysinwhichthemonkeyspulledoneoftwochainsthatreleasedfood.Onechainsimplyreleasedthefood,whileanothergaveanelectricshocktoasecondmonkey.Thefirstmonkeystoppedpullingthechainthatdeliveredtheshock.____48____Thisempatheticbehaviorwasobservedinanumberofmonkeys.Theoriginofempathyisprobablytheneedfortheyoungofallanimalspeciestobecaredfor.Theycommunicatethisrequirementbycryingforattentionandtoshowpain.Bothhumanandnon-humanyoungweremorelikelytosurviveiftheirparentsreactedpositivelytotheirneeds.Peopleandanimalsalikearesocialbeingsandaremorelikelytoworktogether.____49____Ifwehelpothers,wearealsohelpingourselvesandsoempathyissensibleandrealistic.Wedon’talwaysdisplayempathy,however.Justasanimalsreactaggressivelytounknowncreaturesfromtheirownorotherspecies,humanstendtoregardpeopletheydon’tknowwithsuspicion.____50____Ourunwillingnesstotrustanyoneunfamiliarisasnaturaltousasourempathytowardsthoseweknowandlove.A.Tofeelempathyisnotrestrictedtoreallife.B.Youcanempathizewithsomeonewithoutfeelingsympathyforthem.C.Thisfearofstrangerswill,webelieve,protectusfrompersonaldanger.D.Itseemedtobewillingtogohungryratherthanseeafellowanimalsuffer.E.However,itseemsthatinfactempathymaynotbeaqualityuniquetohumans.F.Empathyplaysaroleinthatasitallowsustounderstandourfellowhumansbetter.G.It’scertainlydifficulttounderstandananimal’sintentionbehindanemphaticresponse.参考答案：46.A

47.E

48.D

49.F

50.C本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是关于“同理心”。同理心是一种想象他人处境的能力。这是人性的一个重要组成部分，以至于我们对任何在行为中没有表现出同理心的人都持怀疑态度。【46题详解】该空位于句首，引出下文。下文提示“我们读小说，看电视，去剧院，我们的部分乐趣来自于理解角色所面临的困境，因为我们知道如果我们处于相同的处境，我们会有什么感觉。”承接下文，A项Tofeelempathyisnotrestrictedtoreallife.（感同身受并不局限于现实生活。）切题。故选A。【47题详解】下文提示“一项研究表明，动物对其他动物和人类表现出同理心。”承接下文，E.However,itseemsthatinfactempathymaynotbeaqualityuniquetohumans.（然而，似乎同理心并不是人类独有的一种品质。）切题。上段说的是关于“人类的感同身受”，该项中的However“然而”与上段构成“转折关系”，并引出下文。故选E。【48题详解】上文提示“第一只猴子停了下来。”再根据下文提示“这种移情行为在许多猴子身上都观察到了。”承接上下文，D项Itseemedtobewillingtogohungryratherthanseeafellowanimalsuffer.（它似乎宁愿挨饿也不愿看到同伴受苦。）切题。故选D。【49题详解】上文提示“人和动物一样都是社会性动物，更有可能在一起工作。”再根据下文提示“如果我们帮助别人，我们也在帮助自己，所以同理心是明智和现实的。”承接上下文，F项Empathyplaysaroleinthatasitallowsustounderstandourfellowhumansbetter.（同理心在其中扮演了一个角色，因为它让我们更好地理解我们的人类同胞。）切题。故选F。【50题详解】上文提示“正如动物对来自它们自己或其他物种的未知生物的攻击性反应一样，人类倾向于用怀疑的眼光看待他们不认识的人。”再根据下文“我们不愿意相信任何不熟悉的人，这对我们来说很自然，就像我们对认识和爱的人产生同理心一样。”承接上下文，C项Thisfearofstrangerswill,webelieve,protectusfrompersonaldanger.（我们相信，这种对陌生人的恐惧会保护我们免受人身危险。）切题。故选C。三、阅读理解18.Neuroscientistshaveexplainedtherisky,aggressiveorjustplainconfusingbehaviorofteenagersastheproductofabrainthatissomehowcompromised.Groundbreakingresearchinthepast10years,however,showsthatthisviewiswrong.Theteenbrainisnotdefective（有缺陷的）.Itisnotahalf-bakedadultbrain,either.Ithasbeenforgedbyevolutiontofunctiondifferentlyfromthatofachildoranadult.Foremostamongtheteenbrain’sfeaturesisitsabilitytochangeinresponsetotheenvironmentbymodifyingthecommunicationnetworksthatconnectbrainregions.Itallowsteenagerstomakeenormousstridesinthinkingandsocialization.Butthechangealsomakesthemsensitivetodangerousbehaviorandseriousmentaldisorders.Themostrecentstudiesindicatethattheriskiestbehaviorarisesfromamismatchbetweenthematurationofnetworksinthelimbicsystem（边缘系统）,whichdrivesemotionsandintensifiesatpuberty（青春期）,andthematurationofnetworksintheprefrontalcortex（前额皮质）,whichoccurslaterandpromotessoundjudgmentandthecontrolofimpulses.Indeed,wenowknowthatone’sprefrontalcortexcontinuestochangeprominentlyuntilhis20s.Andyetpubertyseemstobestartingearlier,extendingthe“mismatchyears”Theplasticityofnetworkslinkingbrainregions–andnotthegrowthofthoseregions,aspreviouslythought—iskeytoeventuallybehavinglikeanadult.Understandingthat,andknowingthatawideninggapbetweenthedevelopmentofemotionalandjudgmentnetworksishappeninginyoungpeopletoday,canhelpparents,teachers,counselorsandteenagersthemselves.Peoplewillbetterseethatbehaviorsuchasrisk-taking,sensation-seeking,andturningawayfromparentsandtowardpeersarenotsignsofcognitiveoremotionalproblems.Theyareanaturalresultofbraindevelopment,anormalpartofadolescentslearninghowtonegotiateacomplexworld.Thesameunderstandingcanalsohelpadultsdecidewhentointervene.A15-year-oldgirl’sdeparturefromherparents’tastesinclothing,musicorpoliticsmaybeasourceofanxietyforMomandDadbutdoesnotindicatementalillness.A16-year-oldboy’stendencytoskateboardwithoutahelmetortoacceptriskychallengesfromfriendsisnotunimportantbutismorelikelyasignofshort-rangethinkingandpeerpressurethanadesiretohurthimself.Otherexploratoryandaggressiveactionsmightberedflags,however.Knowingmoreabouttheuniqueteenbrainwillhelpallofuslearnhowtoseparateunusualbehaviorthatisage-appropriatefromthatwhichmightindicateillness.Suchawarenesscouldhelpsocietyreducetheratesofteenaddiction,motorvehicleaccidentsanddepression.58.HowisParagraphImainlydeveloped?A.Bydrawingacomparison.B.Byconfirmingaprediction.C.Bymakinganassumption.D.Bycorrectingamisunderstanding.59.Whatcanweknowaboutthechangeabilityofteens’brains?A.Itispredictableandavoidable.B.Itisadouble-edgedsword.C.Itisrelatedtotheirbraindevelopmentinthechildhood.D.Itresultsfromseriousfunctionaldisorders.60.ThelimbicsystemandtheprefrontalcortexarementionedinParagraph3to______.A.showhowthemismatchbetweentheirmaturationofnetworkshappensB.explaintherelationshipbetweenearlypubertyandthemC.explainwhatleadstoteens'riskiestbehaviorD.showthedifferencesbetweenthem参考答案： 58-60DBC 19.（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从下框A~F选项中选出能概括每段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。

OnthetrainfromNewYorktoBoston,Ifoundnexttomesatanelderlyblindgentleman.MyPhDdirectorwasablindman,soIstartedatalkwithhim.Tomyenjoyment,theblindmanwasagoodtalker,sowesharedahappyandinterestingjourney.ItwasthenatimewhenaracialconflictbrokeoutinLosAngeles,soourtopicturnedtotheracialprejudice.

TheoldmantoldmehewasbornintheSouthandthathewasbroughtuptobelieveblackpeoplewerealowerrace.IntheSouthhehadnevergonetodinnerorschoolwithblackpeople.Theirfamilyhadusedblackservants.

Thenhewenttoschoolinthenorth.Oncehisclassappointedhimtoorganizeapicnic.Hewentsofarastoattachtotheinvitationthemessage“Wereservetherighttorefuseanyone”.IntheSouthitmeans“Negroesarenotwelcome”.Thisarousedahugerowintheclass,andtheirformteacherdealthimaseverescolding.Hewenton.Sometimeswhenhehappenedtobeservedbyablackassistantinashop,hewouldplacethemoneyonthecounterfortheblackmantotakesoastoavoidhand-to-handcontact.Iasked,smiling,“Soyouwouldn’tmarryapersonofcolour?”Hesaidlaughingly,“Ishutmyselfofffromthem,letalonemarryablackwoman.Truthtotell,atthattimeIthoughtanywhite