山西省忻州市原平南坡中学2021年高三英语期末试题含解析

山西省忻州市原平南坡中学2021年高三英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.TheengineerhasspentoneyearworkingintheUnitedStatesanddiscoveredhowthings___________overseas.

A.manage

B.promote

C.operate

D.transform参考答案：C。本句意思是：这个工程师在美国工作了一年，知道了在国外事情是如何运作的。manage管理，promote促进，operate运转，transform转移。2.----Whycan’twehaveashowertonight?

----Aheavytruck______thepipesandthey_________.A.damaged;arerepaired

B.damaged;arebeingrepairedC.hasdamaged;arebeingrepaired

D.hasdamaged;arerepaired参考答案：C略3.Iapologizeifmyson______you,butIamsurethathedidn’tmeanto.

A.hurts

B.hurt

C.hashurt

D.hadhurt参考答案：C4.Expertsbelievethat___warmandcomfortablebathseemstobeaperfectwayforapatienttorecoverfrom___fearoflosingcontrolofhimself.A.the;／ B.a;the C.a;／ D.the;a参考答案：B5.

good，thefoodwassoonsoldout.A.Beingtasted B.Havingtasted

C.Tasting

D.Tasted参考答案：C6.Theybecamefriendsagainthatday,Untilthen,they

toeachotherfornearlytwoyearsA、didn’tspeak B、haven’tspoken

C、hadn’tspoken D、haven’tbeenspeaking参考答案：C7.Joseph______toeveningclassessincelastmonth,buthestillcan’tsay“What’syourname?”inRussian.A．hasbeengoing

B．went

C．goes

D．hasgone参考答案：A句意：约瑟夫自从上个月就一直去夜校，可是他仍然不能用俄语说“你叫什么名字？”。解析：考查时态。句中sincelastmonth，表示“自从上个月起”根据but后的句意，说明动作从过去发生到现在一直在进行着，所以要用现在完成进行时态。33.Thisisbyfar_______moviethatIhaveeverseen. A.aninspiring B.amuchinspiring C.themostinspiring D.themoreinspiring参考答案：C9.Thesentence，whichpuzzledJohn，wasalso

meandwehadtoturntoourEnglishteacherforhelp.A.beyond

B.over

C.after

D.off参考答案：A10.—AlicewasbornonJanuary26thandherhusband,29thofthesamemonth．

—Oh,theirbirthdaysareonlythreedays____!

A．away

B．apart

C．later

D．further参考答案：B略11.—Withthecountry’spensionfundgapbecomingwiderthanever,retirementageshouldbepostponedimmediately.—Easiersaidthandone.________wetakeallfactorsintoaccount,weshallbefacedwithsomeothersocialproblems.A.Unless

B.Until

C.When

D.Once参考答案：A句意：——随着国家养老金缺口越来越大，退休年龄应该立即推迟。——说起来容易做起来难。除非我们把所用因素考虑在内，否则我们将面临一些其他的社会问题。Unless除非；Until直到……；When当……时；Once一旦。A项符合语境。12.Theforestguardsoftenfindcampfiresthathavenotbeen______completely. A.turneddown

B.putout

C.putaway

D.turnedover参考答案：B13.WhenIgotoffthecrowdedbus,Ifoundmypocket______andthediscwithimportantarticles________.A.picking;going

B.picked;going

C.picked;gone

D.picking;gone参考答案：C14.Itisknowntoallthateveryminute_______fulluseof_______thelessonswillbenefitstudentsagreatdeal.

A.whichmakes;studying

B.whenmade;tostudy

C.thatmade;tostudy

D.whenismade;studying参考答案：B略15.Agoodadvertisementoftenuseswords_____peopleattachpositivemeanings．

A．that

B．which

C．withwhich

D．towhich参考答案：D16.Thereisnodoubt______theydidacompletelybadjobatthatverymoment.A.which B.whether C.how D.that参考答案：17.Althoughtheseweregoodstudents，

hadascoreabove60．

A．someone

B．none

C．everyone

D．noone

参考答案：B27.Thecityis1,500kilometers________ourvillage.A.farfrom

B.farawayfrom

C.faraway

D.awayfrom参考答案：D略二、单词拼写41.Hisfatherhasmadeafull_______(康复)aftertheoperation.42.Theachievementsthecityhasachievedhasbeenwidelyr_____(认可)bythepublic.

43.Trafficincitiesisbecomingincreasinglyheavy.Peopleshouldbeencouragedtousepublic_______(交通工具).

44.Ifyoucan’tkeepyourpet,youcangiveittoananimal_________(庇护所)

45.Childrenshouldlearnandobeythe________(原则)oftheschoolfirst.

46.Therewasalotofe__________(证据)thatcouldprovethattheyoungmanhadstolenthecar.47.Wehavether_______(责任)toteachthesingle-childgenerationabouttheimportanceoffriendshipandlovefortheirfamilies.48.Theyhavemadegreatprogressinmachinetranslationandartificial_________(智能).49.Aftertheincident,childrenfinally______(理解，感谢)theimportanceoflearningfirstaid.

50.Yourencouragementmadememore________(有信心的)ofmyfuture.

参考答案：41.recovery42.recognized/recognised43.transport/transportation44.shelter45.principles46.evidence47.responsibility

48.intelligence

49.appreciated

50.confident三、阅读理解20.Piaget’s

theory

of

cognitive(认知的)development

is

a

theory

about

the

nature

anddevelopmentofhumanintelligence.ItwasfirstcreatedbytheSwissdevelopmentalpsychologistJeanPiaget(1896-1980).Thetheorydealswiththenatureofknowledgeitselfandhowhumansgradually

come

to

acquire,

construct,

and

use

it.Piaget’s

theory

is

mainly

known

as

adevelopmentalstagetheory.To

Piaget,

cognitive

development

was

a

progressive

reorganization

of

mental

processesresultingfrombiologicalmaturationandenvironmentalexperience.Hebelievedthatchildrenconstructanunderstandingoftheworldaroundthem,experiencedifferencesbetweenwhattheyalready

know

and

what

they

discover

in

their

environment,

and

then

adjust

their

ideasaccordingly.Besides,Piagetclaimedthatcognitivedevelopmentisatthecenterofthehumanorganism,andlanguageisdependingonknowledgeandunderstandingacquiredthroughcognitivedevelopment.Piaget’searlierworkreceivedthegreatestattention.Child-centeredclassroomsand"openeducation"aredirectapplicationsofPiaget’sviews.Despiteitshugesuccess,Piaget’stheoryisnotperfectandPiagethasrecognizedithimself:forexample,thetheorysupportssharpstagesratherthancontinuousdevelopment.Piagetnotedthatrealityisadynamicsystemofcontinuouschange.Realityisdefined(给……下定义)inreferencetothetwoconditionsthatdefinedynamicsystems.Specifically,hearguedthatrealityinvolvestransformationsandstates.Transformationsrefertoallmannerofchangesthatathingorpersoncanexperience.Statesrefertotheconditionsortheappearancesinwhichthingsorpersonscanbefoundbetweentransformations.Forexample,theremightbechangesinshapeorform,insize,orinplacementorlocationinspaceandtime.Thus,Piagetargued,ifhumanintelligenceistobeadaptive,itmusthavefunctionstorepresentboththetransformationalandthestaticaspectsofreality.32.Whatdoestheunderlined"it"inthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Thetheory.B.Cognitivedevelopment.C.Theknowledgeitself.D.Thedevelopmentofhumanintelligence.33.Piaget’stheoryofcognitivedevelopment

.A.hassomelimitationsB.applied"openeducation"C.wasn’twellreceivedinthebeginningD.isabouthumannatureanddevelopment34.Whatarethetwoconditionsofreality?A.Spaceandtime.B.Transformationsandstates.C.Changesinshapeandform.D.Theconditionsandtheappearances.35.Whichcanserveasthebesttitleforthistext?A.Piaget’scontributiontoatheoryB.TheapplicationsofPiaget’stheoryC.ThedevelopmentofPiaget’stheoryD.Piaget’stheoryofcognitivedevelopment参考答案：32.C

33.A

34.B

35.D【分析】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了Piaget的认知发展理论。【32题详解】考查代词指代。代词所在句表示"这一理论涉及知识的本质以及人类是如何逐步习得、构建和运用知识的",故it指代的是知识,故选C项。【33题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Piaget’stheoryisnotperfectandPiagethasrecognizedithimself:forexample,thetheorysupportssharpstagesrat