山西省太原市吴村中学2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末试题含解析

山西省太原市吴村中学2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Foodpriceshavebeengoingupsharplyinthelasttwomonths,______manypeopletobuyless.A.toforce B.forcing C.forced D.havingforced参考答案：B

2.Thetrafficisheavythesedays.I________arriveabitlate,socouldyousavemeaplace?A.can

B.must

C.needD.might参考答案：C3.---HaveyouheardthenewsthatanincidenthappenedinacoalmineinShanxi?---Yes.______news!A.Whatastonishing

B.Howastonishing

C.Howastonishinga

D.Whatastonishinga参考答案：A4.--Whyisthelibrarianlookingsohardatme?--You_____toreadaloudinthereadingroom.

A.don’tsuppose

B.haven’tsupposed

C.arenotsupposed

D.arenotsupposing参考答案：C5.Howlongdoyouthink______therescueteamsfindtheplaneblackbox?A.itwillbebefore

B.willitbeuntilC.willitbewhen

D.itwillbethat参考答案：A6.Youshould_______beforetheduetime;thetrainlefttenminutesago.A.arrive

B.bearriving

C.havearrived

D.

havebeenarrived.参考答案：C7.Ihaveneverbeeninsuchasituation________Iamincontrolofnothing.(

)A.which

B.that

C.what

D.where参考答案：8.【答案】D

8.—Hey,John.I________tomeetyouhere.—Oh,yes.ThisismyfirsttimetobeattheInternetcafé.Doyouoftencomehere?A.haven’texpected

B.wasn’texpecting

C.hadn’texpected

D.didn’texpected参考答案：D9.---CanIhavethesportssection?

---Yeah,__________.Ihavereadit.

A.comeon

B.goahead

C.keepitup

D.makeit参考答案：B略10.Thereisnodoubt______ourmonitorisresponsibleforthisaction.A.if

B.howC.that

D.why参考答案：C11.Theairqualityinourcity,

isshowninthechart,hasbeenbadoverthelastthreemonths.A.that B.it C.as D.which参考答案：C12.Ratherthan________onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers________abike.A．ride;ride

B．riding;rideC．ride;toride

D．toride;riding参考答案：C[考查固定句式。句意：他喜欢骑自行车而不喜欢乘坐拥挤的公交。根据句式此处为prefertodo...ratherthando句式，意思为“宁愿……而不愿……”。]13.Mr.Williamsdoesn’tbelievethatJackisabletodowellinthejobinterview,

?A.doeshe B.ishe C.doesn’the D.isn’the参考答案：A14.Studyingingroupsisnecessary______youwanttodowellinschool

A.if

B.until

C.unless

D.though参考答案：A略15.–WouldyouliketogohikingwithusthisSunday?--_____.That’sthelastthingintheworldIeverwanttodo.A.No,thanks. B.It’suptoyou.C.Italldepends. D.Icouldn’tagreemore.参考答案：A16.Thereportsays________numberofendangeredanimalsisincreasing,for________numberofthemarebeinghuntedorhavingnofoodtoeat．A．the;aB．the;theCa;aD．a;the参考答案：A略17.—Couldyoudomeafavorandtakethesebookstomyoffice? —yes,______. A.withpleasure B.Icould C.mypleasure D.forpleasure参考答案：A18.Heopenedthedoor,________somebooksinhishandandwentintothekitchen.A.took B.taken C.held D.holding参考答案：D试题分析：考查分词做状语。本句中动词open和gointo...是并列谓语，holdsomebooks与openthedoor是同时发生的事情，且holdsomebooks与he构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语做状语。句意：手里拿着一些书，他打开门，走进了厨房。故D正确。【名师点睛】一、时间状语

Hearingthenews,hejumpedforjoy.听了这消息时高兴得跳了起来。

Askedwhohewas,hemadenoreply.当问到他是谁时，他没作回答。

上面两句中的分词短语均用作时间状语，均可改为时间状语从句，其中现在分词短语hearingthenews相当于whenheheardthenews，过去分词短语askedwhohewas相当于whenhewasaskedwhohewas。二、原因状语

BeingsickIstayedathome.我因病呆在家中。

Muchdiscouraged，shemovedontoLondon.她很沮丧，搬到了伦敦。

两句中的分词短语均用作原因状语，其中现在分词短语beingsick相当于ashewassick，过去分词短语muchdiscourage相当于asshewasdiscouraged。三、条件状语

Workinghard,youwillsucceed.如果努力工作，你就可以成功。

Comparedwithyou,Istillhavealongwaytogo.跟你比较起来，我还差得很远呢。

两句中的分词短语均用作条件状语，其中第一句中的现在分词短语workinghard相当于ifyouworkhard，第二句中的comparedwithyou相当于ifIwascomparedwithyou。四、让步状语

Althoughlivingmilesaway,henevercamelate.虽然住在几英里以外，他从未迟到。

Defeated,heremainedapopularboxer.虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。

两句中的分词短短语均表示让步，含有“虽然”“尽管”之意，其中第一句中的althoughlivingmilesaway相当于althoughhelivedmilesaway；第二句中的defeated相当于thoughhewasdefeated。五、方式状语

Hemadealotofmoneysellingwastematerials.他靠卖废料赚了不少钱。

I’mreturningyouletterasrequested.我按要求给你退信。

第一句中的现在分词短语sellingwastematerials表示方式，相当于bysellingwastematerials；第二句的asrequested也表示方式，相当于asitisrequired。六、伴随状语

HewaslyingonthesofawatchingTV.他躺在沙发上看电视。

Hecamein,followedbyhiswife.他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。

两句中的分词短语均表示伴随，第一句中的watchingTV伴随谓语动作waslying同时进行；第二句中的followedbyhiswife伴随谓语动作camein同时发生。七、结果状语

Ifell,strikingmyheadagainstthedoor.我摔倒在地，头撞到门上。

Hedied,leavinghiswifewithfivechildren.他死了，留下他妻子和五个孩子。两句中的strikingmyheadagainstthedoor和leavinghiswifewithfivechildren均为结果状语，分别表示“摔倒”和“死”所带来的结果。二、书面表达19.书面表达（满分15分）4月23日是“世界读书日”（WorldReadingDay），假如你是班长，请你起草一份倡仪书，号召全班同学以实际行动迎接“世界读书日”的到来，为创建“书香校园”，多读书、读好书，养成课外读书的好习惯。字数100左右。倡仪书应包括以下内容：1．现状（看电视、上网时间更多）2．列举一些阅读的好处；(丰富知识，完善自我等)3．建议每位同学每学期至少读1—2本好书。开头已给，不计入词数。Goodmorning!Boysandgirls,__Asweknow,WorldReadingDaywhichfallsonApril23rdisdrawingnear.Thepurposeoftheglobalfestivalistopromotereadingandpublishing._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：20.调查表明，有许多青少年有不吃早餐的习惯。请根据表格内容用英语写一篇短文。原因晚上学习太晚，早上起得迟；用吃早餐的钱去上网玩游戏；一些女孩为保持苗条身材常不吃早餐。结果不利于身体健康；上课时想睡觉；影响记忆力和学习成绩。建议早餐不可少，它能提供全天所需能量的30%。青少年健康应从早餐开始。注意：1.不要逐条翻译，可适当增加情节，使内容连贯。2.词数100左右；3.参考词汇：苗条的：slim能量：energy。Asurveyshowsthatmanystudentsdonothavebreakfast.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：Asurveyshowsthatmanystudentsdonothavebreakfast.Therearedifferentreasonsforthis.Somestudentsstudylateintothenightandgetuplate,sothereisnotenoughtimetohavebreakfast.SomestudentsdonothavebreakfasttosavemoneytoplaygamesontheInternet.Besides,somegirlswanttostayslimandoftengotoschoolwithoutbreakfast.Ifteenagersoftendon'thavebreakfast,itisbadfortheirhealth.Theywillfeelsleepyinclass.Itwillhavebadeffectsontheirmemoriesandstudies.Infact,breakfastplaysanimportantpart.Itcanprovideuswith30%oftheenergythatthebodyneedsthewholeday.Tokeepfit,teenagersshouldstarttheirdaywitharegularbreakfast.这是一篇提纲作文，要求根据表格内容用英文写一篇短文，包括学生不吃早餐的原因，结果以及提出相应的建议。应根据表格所列提纲，灵活运用不同的句式，适当增加情节，是文章表达流畅，结构层次突出。此篇文章应主要包括三部分内容：学生不吃早餐的原因：晚上学习太晚，早上起得迟；用吃早餐的钱去上网玩游戏；一些女孩为保持苗条身材常不吃早餐学生不吃早餐的后果：不利于身体健康；上课时想睡觉；影响记忆力和学习成绩提出相应建议：早餐不可少，它能提供全天所需能量的30%。青少年健康应从早餐开始写作时应注意本文是基于调差报告来写的，应用一般现在时，注意语态。【范文亮点】结构层次分明，第一段用一句话总结调差报告结果，第二段紧接着阐明原因，说出后果，最后一段说明早餐的重要性并对学生提出建议。连接词使用自然，使文章表达清晰连贯。阐明原因时用“somestudents……somestudents……besides……”三个紧密连接的句子表达，使文意表达清晰自然流畅。三、阅读理解21.Peoplerealizethat,althoughanimalsmaynothavethesameintelligenceashumanbeings,theyaresmartenoughtolearncertainthings.Dogsareextremelyusefulascompanionsforblindpeople.Whenadoghasbeenproperlytrained,hewillalwaysleadhisblindmasterintherightdirectionandkeephimoutofdanger.Forexample,seeing-eyedogslearnnevertocrossabusyroadwhencarsarecoming,eveniftheirmasterorderedthemtodoso.Horsesarealsoabletolearnmanythings.Horsesthatareusedforguardorpolicedutymustlearnnevertobefrightenedofnoises,traffic,andotherdisturbances.Racinghorsesareabletorunmuchfasterthanotherhorses,buttheyarealsoquitehighstrung(易紧张).Therefore,itisnecessaryforthosepeoplewhotrainthemtobeverypatientandunderstanding.Themovingpicturesandtelevisioncanusetrainedanimalstoo.Someanimals,suchasmonkeysandfoxes,areeasytofilm.Allyouhavetodoismakeatrailinfrontofthecamerabydraggingsomethingthatsmellsgoodtotheanimalsovertheground.Biganimals,suchaslionsandtigers,canbephotographedastheyboundhappilybacktotheirfamiliesanddinner.Ifamovieactorisnearby,thewell-trainedanimalwillpaynoattentiontohim.However,theaudiencemayimaginethattheactorescapedaterribledeathbytheskinofhisteeth.60.Dogswhohelpblindpeoplemustlearn

.

A.toobeyallorders

B.toobeyonlysafeorders

C.nevertocrossroads

D.tocrossroadwhenorderedtodoso61.Racehorsesarehardtotrainbecausetheyare

A.fasterthanotherhorses

B.smallerthanotherhorses

C.cleverthanotherhorse

D.morenervousthanotherhorses62.Whatdoes“makeatrail”meanhereinthelastparagraph?

A.placesomethingtoattracttheanimal

B.givetheanimalacertaintask

C.ordertheanimaltodothings

D.followtheanimaltohunt参考答案：60-62BDA22.Alittlesocialsupportfromyourbestbudsgoesalongway,whetheryou’reahumanorachimpanzee(黑猩猩).AnewstudythatfollowedachimpanzeecommunityintheforestsofUgandahasfoundthatqualitytimewithclosecompanionssignificantlydecreasedstresshormonelevelsintheprimates—whethertheywereresting,groomingorfacingoffagainstrivalgroups.Thefindings,describedthisweekinthejournalNatureCommunications,shedlightonthephysiologicaleffectsofclosecompanionshipinchimpanzees—andcouldhaveimplicationsforhumanhealthtoo.Researchershavelongknownthatstresscanworsenhealthandraisetheriskofearlydeathinhumansaswellasothersocialmammals.“Itcanhaveeffectsonimmunefunction,cardiofunction,fertility,cognition,andevenyourmood,”saidstudycoauthorKevinLangergraber,aprimatologistatArizonaStateUniversity.Maintainingclosesocialbondscanhelptheseanimals(humansincluded)reducesomeofthatstress,potentiallyminimizingsomehealthrisks.Butscientistshaveyettopindowntheexactphysiologicalmechanismsatwork.“Socialbondsmakeyousurviveandproducebetter—buthowdotheydothat?”Langergrabersaid.Tofindout,theinternationalteamofresearchersstudiedmembersoftheSonsochimpanzeecommunityinUganda’sBudongoForest,agroupconsistingof15males,35femalesand28juvenilesandinfantsduringthestudyperiodfromFebruary2008toJuly2010.Likehumans,chimpanzeestendtohavebesties—bondpartnerswithwhomtheyappeartofeelclose.Theresearcherswantedtoseewhetherinteractionswiththesebondpartnersledtolowerstresslevelsduringparticularlystressfulsituations,suchaswhenfightingrivalgroups,orwhethertimespentwithfriendshelpedlowerstresslevelsmoregenerally,throughouttheday.Thescientistsobservedthechimpsperformthreetypesofactivities:resting,groomingorquarrellingwithothergroupsofchimps.Theresearcherskepttrackofwhetherthechimpsweredoinganyofthesethreethingswiththeirbondpartnersorwithotherchimpsintheirgroup.Ateamofuptosixobserverswatchedthechimpsandfolloweddiemaroundtocollecturine(尿液)samples.Thesamples,collectedfromnineadultmaleandeightadultfemalechimps,weretestedtoseehowmuchofthestresshormonecortisol(荷尔蒙皮质醇)theycontained.Thescientistsfoundthatchimpanzees’levelsofurinarycortisolwere23%lower,onaverage,duringtheactivitieswhentheywerewiththeirbondpartner.Thiswasespeciallytrueforstressfulactivities,suchastheintergrouprivalries,wherean