山西省大同市隆湖中学2023年高三英语期末试题含解析

山西省大同市隆湖中学2023年高三英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Thegovernmentistryingtodosomethingto

betterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.

A．raise

B．promote C．appeal

D．arise参考答案：B2.Goodhealthis______mostpeopletakeforgranted—untiltheyloseit.A.anything

B.everything

C.nothing

D.something参考答案：D3.Beforeyouquityourjob,

howyourfamilywouldfeelaboutyourdecision.A.consider

B.considering

C.toconsider

D.considered参考答案：A4.Busywiththeirbusiness,theyhadnotimeto______theirwedding,sotheyhaditorganizedbyacompany.A.accelerate B.arrange

C.approve D.acknowledge参考答案：B考查动词词义辨析。句意为“由于忙于生意，他们没时间安排他们的婚礼，所以就请婚礼公司打理。”“arrange”意为“安排”。5.—Whendidyougettoknowyourgirlfriend?—Itwasin2015________shewasworkingasavolunteerinAfrica.A.that B.whichC.when D.then参考答案：C【详解】考查定语从句连接词。句意：——你什么时候认识你女朋友的？——是在她在非洲做志愿者的2015年。本句为定语从句修饰先行词2015，且先行词在从句中做时间状语，故用关系副词when。故选C。

6.Sheisjustabeginner,sodon’tbetoo______abouthermistakesingrammar.A.special B.responsible C.innocent

D.particular参考答案：D7.Apersonwhohas

_______finalsayinaninternationalcompanyisusually_______influentialone.A.a;the

B.the;an

C.the;the

D.a;an参考答案：B8.Indiaattained________independencein1947,after________longstruggle.A.不填；a B.the;

aC.an;不填 D.an;

the参考答案：A【详解】考查冠词。句意：印度在一段长时间的斗争之后，在1947年获得了独立。independence意为：独立，不可数；alongstruggle一段长时间的斗争。故选A项。9.

–Idon’tthinkI’llbeabletogomountain-climbingtomorrow.

--____?

A.Howcome

B.Andhow

C.Howisitgoing

D.Howaboutit参考答案：A10.Injuredin____hand,themanfounditdifficulttoholdtheboxin____place.A.the,/

B.the,the

C./,/

D.his,the参考答案：A11.—Oh,I’mreallyfedupwithJim.He’salwayscausingmetrouble.—I________youtokeepawayfromhim!Butyouwouldn’tlisten.A.toldB.tellC.havetoldD.wouldtell参考答案：A12.Thelong-lastingmeetingendedinfailure,_____noagreement.A.toreach

B.wouldreach

C.reaching

D.reached参考答案：C13.IwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseI______thecloth______well．

A．havetold;washes

B．wastold;washed

C．havebeentold;washes

D．havebeentold;iswashed参考答案：C14.---Mr.Johnsonhasbeenchosenasthemanagerofthesalesdepartment.---___________hewassoexcitedthismorning.A.Nochance B.NowayC.Notpossible D.Nowonder参考答案：D【详解】考查情景交际。A.Nochance不可能；B.Noway没门；C.Notpossible不是可能；D.Nowonder难怪。句意：——约翰逊先生被选为销售部经理。——难怪他今天早上这么兴奋。故选D。15.Wefinishedtheruninlessthanhalfthetime____.A.allowing

B.toallowC.allowed

D.allows参考答案：

C

解析：本题考查非谓语动词作定语的各种形式，过去分词allowed做后置定语表示被动，相当于whichwasallowed。19.

Weleftthesmalltown,_____clearly_____noneedtostay.

A.it;was

B.it;being

C.there;was

D.there;being参考答案：D略二、填空17.Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.account

B.adjustable

C.appliances

D.capture

E.decorations

F.direct

G.experiment

H.intended

I.operated

J.soulless

K.squeezeGoldenRulesofGoodDesignWhatmakesgooddesign?Overtheyears,designersandartistshavebeentryingto

41theessentialsofgooddesign.Theyhavefoundthatsomesayingscanhelppeopleunderstandtheideasofgooddesign.Therearefourasfollows.Lessismore.ThissayingisassociatedwiththeGerman-bornarchitectMiesvanderRohe.InhisModernistview,beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance,andtheaimofthedesigneristocreatesolutionstoproblemsthroughthemostefficientmeans.Designshouldavoidunnecessary

42

Moreisnotabore.TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,theresultis

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design.Post-Modernistdesignersbeganto

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withdecorationandcolor1again.Productdesignwasheavilyinfluencedbythisviewandcanbeseeninkitchen

45

suchasovensandkettles.Fitnessforpurpose.Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproduct’sfunction,purpose,shape,form,color1,andsoon.Themostimportantresultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatis

46

.Forexample,thinkofa(n)

47

desklamp.Itneedstobeconstructedfrommaterialsthatwillstandtheheatofthelampandregularadjustmentsbytheuser.Italsoneedstobestable.Mostimportantly,itneedsto

48

lightwhereitisneeded.Fromfollowsemotion.ThisphraseisassociatedwiththeGermandesignerHartmutEsslinger.Hebelievesdesignmusttakeinto

49

thesensorysideofournature—sight,smell,touchandtaste.Theseareasimportantasrational(理性的)thinking.Whenchoosingeverydayproductssuchastoothpaste,weappreciateacool-lookingdevicethatallowsustoeasily

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thetoothpasteontoourbrush.参考答案：41.

D

42.E

43.J

44.G

45.C

46.H

47.B

48.F

49.A

50.K试题分析：本文属于说明文，告诉我们好的设计应包括四个黄金定律：简约、功能以及情感等等。41.

D

动词capture获得；捕获；本句中该词构成的不定式短语“tocapture.....”作为动词try的宾语。句意：多年以来，设计师和艺术家一直都在努力搞清楚好的设计的本质。42.E

名词decorations装饰，该词在句中作为动词avoid的宾语。本段的主题是“Lessismore”倡导装修设计的简单化。句意：设计应该避免不必要的装饰物。43.J

形容词soulless没有灵魂的；该词在本句中做定语修饰名词design。根据前半句“TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly...”可知美国建筑家RobertVenturi总结过，如果简约没有做好，那么这样的设计就是没有灵魂的；44.G

动词短语experimentwith试用，用...做实验；句意：后现代主义设计师们再一次开始试验装饰和颜色。45.C

名词appliance电器，电器工具；该词可由后面列举的例子“ovensandkettles烤箱和水壶”推理，指厨房电器等物品。46.H

形容词intended预期的；本句中该词和系动词is构成系表结构。句意：对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。47.B

adjustable可调节的；本句中该词作定语修饰名词desklamp，意为＂可调节的台灯＂，与后句中的＂regularadjustmentsbytheuser＂相呼应。48.F动词direct对准，指挥；本句中该词与名词light构成动宾短语。句意：最重要的是，它需要对需要光线的地方。49.A动词短语take…intoaccout考虑……；把…考虑在内；句意；他认为设计必须要把自然的知觉考虑在内，如：视觉、嗅觉、触觉和味觉。50.K动词squeeze挤压；本句中该词和名词thetoothpaste构成动宾关系。句意：我们很喜欢一个看起来很酷的装置，能让我们很容易地把牙膏挤到我们的牙刷上。【名师点睛】在选词填空中，很重要的一点就是要确认空格词的词性。下面给大家一些确认空格词词性的小规律：1.如何确定空格处为名词(1)如果空格处前面为冠词a/an/the、形容词或者及物动词，空格处应填入名词。(2)如果空格处前面是介词，空格充当该介词的宾语，需填入一个名词。(3)如果空格处后面是谓语动词的，且空格前没有句子主语，空格处应填入该动词的主语(名词)。2.如何确定空格处为动词(1)如果空格处前面已经有名词或代词作主语，后面又有名词或代词作动词的宾语，且中间无谓语动词，空格处应为及物动词；如48.Direct把……对准，指导。(2)如果空格处前面是be动词，后面无宾语且句意表被动，空格处应填及物动词的过去分词。(3)如果空格处前面是名词或代词作主语，后面没有宾语或有一个介词加宾语。(4)如果空格处前面是名词或代词作主语，后面是形容词，空格应填入系动词或be动词。(5)如果空格处前有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；如果to是介词，后面应填入动名词。3.如何确定空格处为形容词(1)如果空格处后面为名词的，空格处可能填入形容词；如47.形容词adjustable可调节的(2)如果空格处前面是副词的，空格处可能填入形容词；(3)如果空格处前面是系动词或be动词，空格处可能填入形容词作表语。如46.形容词intended预期的；4.如何确定空格处为副词(1)如果空格处前面或者后面为动词的，空格处可能填入副词。(2)如果空格处后面是形容词的，空格处可能填入副词。18.InChina,thehistoryofpeopleplantingandusingbamboocandatebacktoasfaras7000years.AsearlyastheShangDynasty,bamboowasbeingusedinancientpeople’sdailylives.Itwasusedforfood,clothing,housing,transportation,

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(music)instrumentsandevenweapons.The

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(apply)ofbambooinscienceandtechnologyisthrilling.In251BC,LiBing,inSichuan,

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(lead)thelocalpeopleinbuildingtheDujiangWeirs,thefirstirrigationnetworkintheworld,inwhichbambooplayed

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importantrole.Theworld’soldestwaterpipewasalso

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(make)ofbamboo.DuringtheHanDynasty,thepeopleinSichuan

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(success)sanka1600-metre-deepwellwiththickbambooropes.ThistechnologydidnotspreadtoEurope

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the19thcentury,anditwasbyusingthetechnology

68

theAmericansdrilledthefirstoilwellinPennsylvaniain1859.InChineseculture,bambooiswell-knownas

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ofthe“fourgentlemen”inplants.Tomanydistinguishedmen,bambooisasymbolofgoodnessandhonesty.Itisalwayscloselyrelatedtopeopleofpositivespirits.Bambooculturecontributestoencouragingpeopletoholdonwhen

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(face)toughsituations.参考答案：61.musical

62.application

63.led

64.an

65.made66.successfully 67.until 68.that

69.one 70.facing三、阅读理解19.阅读下面的短文，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Itwasahotsummerday．MydadandIweregettingreadytogooutforarideontheboatwithmyfriendKatieandthedogwhenthephonecallcame,thecallthatmadethatbright,beautifuldayacold,dark,gloomyone．Ihadjustputonmysuit,shorts,andtanktop,andpackedmybagwithsunscreenandeverythingelseIwouldneedfortheday．Iranintomyparents'roomtofindDad．WhenIsawhimonthephone,hewascrying．I'dneverseenmydadcrybefore．Myheartsank．Whatpossiblycouldhavehappened?"Max,I'msosorry,"Iheardhimsay．That'swhenithitme．IknewthatSuziehaddied．Maxhasbeenmydad'sbestfriendforyears．Suzie,hisdaughter,hadararediseasethatmainlyaffectedherbody．HerbrainwasOK．Sheknewwhatwasgoingon;sheknewthatshehadproblemsandwasdifferentfromotherkids．Onceshetoldherdadthatshewishedshecoulddieandbeborninadifferentbody．Yetalthoughshecouldn'tliveanormallife，shewasstillhappy．WhenSuzieandIwerelittle,wespentquiteabitoftimetogether．Aswegrewup,wegrewapart．ShelivedinNewYork,andIlivedintheMidwest．WhenSuziewastenshehadtoliveinahospitalinVirginia．Abouteightmonthsbeforeshedied,Maxgaveushernumberatthehospitalandwetalkedatleasttwiceaweekuntiltheend．Suziewasalwayssoexcitedtotalktousandwantedtoknoweverydetailaboutmylife．ShewantedtoknoweverythingIdidandeverythingIate．Inaway,shelivedthroughme．

Afterwefoundoutaboutherdeath,wemadeourplanstogotoNewYorkforthefuneral．Whenshewasalive,IsentheraBeanieBabyandshesentonebacktome．Ihadboughtheranotheronebutneverhadthechancetosendittoher,soItookittoputinhercasket（棺材）．HerfuneralwasverydifferentfromanyfuneralI'deverbeento．Aftertheyloweredhercasket,eachoneofusputashovelfulofdirtoverher．Iremembercryingsohard,Ifeltweak．Mycheeksburnedfromthetears．MywholebodywasshakingasIpickeduptheshovel,butI'mgladIdidit．WhenSuzieandIfirststartedcallingoneanother,Ithoughtitwouldbemoreofaburdenonme,butIwascompletelywrong．Ilearnedsomuchfromher．ShegavememorethanIcouldevergivetoher．