山西省大同市铁路一中分校2022-2023学年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析

山西省大同市铁路一中分校2022-2023学年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.—Canyouexplain

China’sfootballteamfailedagainintheattemptfortheWorldCup?—Iamsorry,butthisisthelasttime.Wewillbehaveourselves.A.whyisitthat

B.whyitisthatC.howitisthat

D.howisitthat参考答案：B试题分析：考查强调句的特殊疑问句结构。根据第二句话，我们得知第一句话的句意：你能否解释中国足球队为何又没能进入世界杯？特殊疑问句中只有疑问词可以强调，其强调结构是“疑问词+is(was)itthat...?"根据句意，是要“why”引导而不是“how”所以排除CD。而且句中的强调句结构所在的句子是跟在动词“explain”后面做宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序，也就是“疑问词+itis(was)that...故选B。【名师点睛】强调句一、强调句句型1.陈述句的强调句型：Itis/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+其他部分。2.一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。e.g.WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing？3.特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分？e.g.Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn？4.

注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that，who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that，who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。二、not…until…句型的强调句1.句型为：Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其他部分e.g.普通句：Hedidn'tgotobeduntil/tillhiswifecameback.强调句：Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.2.

WangLinfailedtobeadmittedbyHongKongUniversitylastyear,andonlythen_______theimportanceofEnglish.A.hefinallyrealized

B．hehadrealized

C．didherealize

D．hadherealized参考答案：C3.—Whatshouldyoudoifyouhaveproblemswithyourlife?

—

.

A．Tofindafriendtotalk

B．Findafriendtotalkto

C．Findingafriendtotalkto

D．Foundafriendtotalk参考答案：B4.TheOpeningCeremonyofthe29thOlympicGamesisagreatsuccess,____thathassurprisedtheworld.A.it

B.one

C.theone

D.which参考答案：B5.Weareallbusy_________thisJune’sNMETnowandIamsureonJune7we’llbesittinginthetest-room,fully__________it.A.preparing;preparingfor

B.preparingfor;willbepreparedforC.preparing;preparedfor

D.preparingfor;preparedfor参考答案：D6.Silk______oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.A.hadbecome

B.wasbecoming

C.hasbecome

D.isbecoming参考答案：A试题分析：句意：到公元前100年为止，丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上交易的主要商品之一。时间状语是by-过去时间，谓语用过去完成时。故选A。7.I______tovisithiminthehospital,butIwasfullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.A.hadgone B.mightgo C.musthavegone D.wouldhavegone参考答案：D【详解】考查情态动词+havedone的用法。句意：我本要去医院看望他，但我上一整周都很忙。A.hadgone已经去了；B.mightgo可能会去；C.musthavegone肯定去了；D.wouldhavegone本要去（而未去）结合语境可知，此处考查虚拟语气，wouldhavedone“本要做某事（而未做）”，故选D项。【点睛】本句考查情态动词+havedone表虚拟的用法，常见的结构有shouldhavedone本应该做（而未做）,couldhavedone本能做（而未做）,wouldhavedone本要/会做某事（而未做），例如：Ifeelupsetnow.Ishouldhavecorrectmyanswer.我现在很失落，我本应该修改答案的。Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn’thavepassthetest.没有你的帮助，我本不能通过测试。8.Itisnoneofyourbusiness________otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.A.how

B.what

C.which

D.that参考答案：B9.Whethersomethingisaliveordeadisacrucial______anditisonethatchildrenhavenodifficultyunderstandingbytheageoffive.A.declaration B.distinction C.division D.distribution参考答案：B【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：某些东西是活的还是死的是一个重要的区别，这是一个孩子在5岁时就不难理解的问题。A.declaration宣告，声明；B.distinction差别，区别；C.division分割；D.distribution分配，分布。根据前面的“是活的还是死”可推知，这是指孩子对死和活的区别，故选B。10.InawayIcanseewhatyoumean,eventhoughIdon’t____yourpointofview.

A.permit

B.share

C.recognize

D.Agree参考答案：B11.It’stheendofthemonthandIcanhardlymakeendsmeet.

,Iwouldbuyyouagoodgiftforyourbirthday.A.Ifany

B.Ifnot

C.Ifever

D.Ifso参考答案：B12.Indeedthebestleadingactorhasreadalotofbooks,butthebestsupportingactresshasreadno______.

A.more

B.few

C.less

D.little参考答案：C略13.Hecameherewithoutfriendsor______andmadehisfortune.A.possessions

B.possession

C.wealth

D.good参考答案：

A解析：wealth是不可数名词，无复数形式。good后加s才是“财产”的意思。possession作“财产；所有物”时，常用复数形式。14.Misunderstandings_____fromlackfromsocialcommunication,unless______properly,mayleadtoseriousproblems.A.arisen;handling

B.arising;handled

C.rising;handled

D.risen;handling参考答案：B15._________goodTonyBlairdidforhiscountry----actuallyquitealot----istotallyovershadowedbycrimesinIraq.A.Whatever

B.Whichever

C.However

D.How参考答案：A略16.ManypeopleholdtheviewthatMoYan________amongtheworld’sgreatestwriter.A．promotes

B．rates

C．regards

D．ranks参考答案：D二、填空17.IwasattheIndiangrocerystorewithmycarttotallyfulltocheckout.TherewasanAfricanAmericanmaninhis

61．

(sixty)behindme.Itoldhimhecouldgobeforeme

62．hehadjusttwoitemsinhishand,andhewasallsmilesandadded,asif63．

(tease)me,“Thanks!Whydon’tyoupayformystufftoo,”andlaughed.Ifeltalittle64．

(embarrass)andthoughtthatthemanhadawonderfulsenseofhumor.Itoldtheladyatthecheckoutnot65．

(change)him.IsaidIwouldpayforhim.Hesaid,“No,no,no,Iwasjustkidding.”AndI66．

(reply)withasmile,“Yes,yesyourwishisheard.Pleaseletmedoit!”Aswetalkedoutside,hetoldmethattheIndianherbs(草药)67．

hehadbought68．

(be)forhisfriendsoIshouldtakethemoney.Isaidtohim,“Itisgoodthatitisnotforyou.Nowyoucanpayitforwardtosomebodyelse.”Hethankedmeandpromisedhewould.69．(eventual),Iwenthome70．

mycarfullofgroceriesandmyheartfullofwarmthandkindness.参考答案：61．sixties62．because/since/as63．teasing64．Embarrassed65．tocharge66．replied67．that/which68．were69．Eventually70．with61．sixtiesinone’ssixties在某人六十来岁的时候。62．ecause/since/as我告诉他他可以到我前面，因为他只有两件商品。63．teasing他笑了笑，好像是在嘲笑我，说“谢谢，你为什么不接着把我这两件的钱也给付上呢？”此处为状语从句的省略，省略了主语和be动词（hewas）64．embarrassed我感到有点尴尬。embarrassed感到尴尬的。65．tocharge我告诉这位女士不要收他的钱，我为他结账。Tellsb.todosth.告知某人做某事。66．replied。我微笑着回答。本文是回顾以前发生的事情，主要是用了一般过去时，故填replied。67．that/which此处为修饰theIndianherbs的定语从句，先行词为物，且从句中缺宾语，故填that/which。68．were此处句子的主语为theIndianherbs，故应填were。69．EventuallyEventually修饰后面Iwenthome

70

mycarfullofgroceriesandmyheartfullofwarmthandkindness以整句。70．with我载着满满的货物回家了。with表伴随，意为“带着”。18.Twoself-drivingbuseshaverolledoutontothepublicroadsofHelsinki,Finland,inthefirsttrials___41___itskind.TheEasymileelectricmini-buses,abletocarryupto12people,willrunontheopenroadsofHelsinki'sHernesaaridistrict.“___42___isnomorethanahandfulofthesekindsofstreettraffictrialstakingplace.”HarriSantamala,testprojectleadsaid.Finland___43___(become)atopleadermautomatedtechnologydevelopmentandtestingrecentlybecause,unlikemostoftherestoftheworld,Finnishlawdoesnotrequirevehiclesonpublicroadstohaveadriver.Obstacles___44___(meet)inmanyotherfirmsandresearchgroupsthatlookedtotestautonomousvehiclesintheUSandEuropehavebeenremoved.Operatingsuchasystemhasprovena(n)___45___(true)difficultchallenge.Thecitytrafficwillprovidehardpointsforthebusestoovercome,sincetheyhavetowork___46___commoncarsandotherroadusersmaynotbepredictable.Thebuseshaveamaximumspeedof40km/hbutwilltravelatanaveragespeedof10km/h,thus___47___(lead)themtobeslow-movingvehiclesduringrush___48___(hour).Helsinkiisseveralyearsintoits10-yearplantomakecarownershippointlessthroughpoint-to-point"mobilityondemand"systems.Twoyears___49___,thesmartbusserviceKutsuplushadbeenshutdownduetocostsandthelowvolumeofpassengers.___50___isexpectedtohappenthatsmallautomatedbusescouldmakeadifferencewhenpresenthuman-operatedtransporthasprovedinefficientwithgovernmentfunds.参考答案：41.of

42.There

43.hasbecome

44.met

45.truly

46.where

47.leading

48.hours

49.earlier/before

50.It这篇短文介绍在芬兰首都出现了两辆自动驾驶公共汽车，以及这类汽车运行的一些困难。41.考查介词。在芬兰首都赫尔辛基的公共道路上，有两辆自动驾驶的公共汽车已经上路，这是同类车中的第一次。根据句意可知，此处表示所属关系，用of表示。故填of.42.考查固定句型。在这类街头交通试验中，只有为数不多的几个。根据句意可知，此句中表示“有”，用therebe句型。故填There.43.考查句子时态。芬兰最近成为了最高的自动技术研发和测试的领导者。根据句中从句的时态可知此处应该用现在时，并结合语境可知应该用现在完成时。故填hasbecome.44.考查句子时态。句意：在许多其他公司遇到的障碍，以及在美国和欧洲测试无人驾驶汽车的研究小组已经被移除。根据句意可知，该句应该用一般过去时，meet过去式为met.故填met.45.考查副词。句意：操作这样一个系统已经被证明是一个真正困难的挑战。该处修饰后面的形容词difficult，应该用副词修饰形容词。故填truly.46.考查副词。句意：城市交通将为公共汽车提供难以克服的困难，因为它们必须在公共汽车和其他道路使用者可能无法预测的地方工作。根据分析句子可知，work后面应该是状语，此处应该用where引导状语从句。故填where.47.考查现在分词。句意：公共汽车的最高时速为40公里，但将以每小时10公里的速度行驶，因此在上下班高峰期将会是缓慢行驶的车辆。此处是结果状语，lead与其逻辑主语（句子主句）之间是主动关系，应该用现在分词做状语。故填leading.48.考查名词。句意：公共汽车的最高时速为40公里，但将以每小时10公里的速度行驶，因此在上下班高峰期将会是缓慢行驶的车辆。此处表示具体的高峰期，hour是可数名词，应该用复数形式。故填hours.49.考查副词。句意：两年前，由于成本和乘客数量的减少，智能的公共汽车服务Kutsuplus被关闭了。Ago用于一般过去时，before/earlier用于完成时，根据句子时态haddone，此处表示的两年前应该用before/earlier.故填before/earlier.50.考查it。句意：人们预计，当现有的人力交通工具在政府资金中被证明效率低下时，小型自动巴士可能会产生影响。句中设空处应该是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，英语中用it做形式主语。故填it.【名师点睛】语法填空体现新课标的“突出语篇，强调语用”的要求，用一篇完整的短文来侧重考查学生对语言知识在具体篇章中的意义和灵活运用的能力。主要考查能力要求：1.阅读/理解语篇的能力；2.分析句子结构的能力；3.熟练运用语法的能力；4.单词拼写能力和逻辑推理能力。建议考生把做过的语法填空题找出来，归纳自己总错的是哪方面的语法，然后可以挤一些时间将自己薄弱的这块语法复习、理顺。在语法填空中，我们要特别注意词性转换题。如本文的，横线前面有介词of，横线上要使用名词achievement作为of的宾语。，在英语副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词regularly做状语修饰动词takeshortbreaks。词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。技巧4：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，

有可能考词类转换如小题5，在句中非常明显的体现设空处修饰形容词difficult，根据副词修饰形容词，很容易得到正确的答案。三、阅读理解19.Fordecades,familiessettledonthesofatosharethelatestnewsandTVseries,untiladditionalbedroomTV,computergamesandtheInternetalmostputanendtofamilyrowsoverwhoheldtheremotecontrol.Now,however,thetraditionallivingroomsceneismakingacomeback.AstudybythecommunicationswatchdogOfcomhasfoundfamiliesareonceagaingatheringaroundthemaintelevisionset,buttheyarebringingtheirpadsandsmartphoneswiththem.

“The1950slivingroomismakingacomebackasafamilyentertainmentcentre,”saidJaneRumble,headofmediaresearchatOfcom.“Wearewatchingonmuchbetter,bigger,andmoredelicatetelevisionsets,butwearecomingintothelivingroomholdingourconnecteddevices.”Whilethefamilyarecomingtogetheroncemore,comparisonswiththepastendthere.Witharangeofsmallerscreensonhand,noteveryonesittingonthesofasharesthesameviewingexperience.

Thecoronation(加冕礼)mayhavedrawntheundividedattentionof20millionviewersin1953,butthosewatchingtheQueen’sJubileecelebrations50yearslaterwereaslikelytobecommentingonlineaboutBBC’sbroadcastaswatchingit.“Justafewyearsago,wewouldbetalkingaboutlastnight’sTVatworkoratschool,”saidaviewer,“Now,we’rehavingthoseconversationslivewhilewatchingTV,usingsocialmedia,textandinstantmessaging.”

Itisabehaviourofmediameshing（联网）,whoseinfluencewasunderlinedduringthisyear’sWimbledonmen’stennisfinal.AsAndyMurraypushedtowardshisvictory,1.1millionpeopleworldwidesentanaverageofovertwomicroblogsaboutthematch.

PeopleusetheInternettoenhancetheirtelevisionexperience,forexample,byreadinganewspaperliveblogaboutafootballmatchwhilewatchingtheactiononthemainscreen.Forahugenumberofyoungerviewers,theportablescreenoffersachancetodosomethingunrelated,suchasonlineshopping,listeningtomusicorwatchinganothertelevisionprogramme.Some70%of16-to-24-year-oldsclaimtobeabsorbedinwhatOfcomcalls“mediastacking”atleastonceaweek.ForTVviewers,theInternetscanningis