山西省大同市同煤第二中学高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析

山西省大同市同煤第二中学高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.—I'msorry,butIdidn’tmean__________outyoursecret.—Butyouknow,lettingoutone'ssecretmeans________one’sfeelings.A.tolet;tohurt

B.letting;hurting

C.tolet;hurting

D.letting;tohurt参考答案：C略2.

wethoroughlyapplythescientificoutlookondevelopment，ourcountrywillbecomeevenstrongerandmoreprosperous.A.Aslongas

B.Assoonas

C.Eventhough

D.Nowthat参考答案：A3._____sufficienthistoricalandlegalgrounds，China'spositionontheSouthChinaSeahasbeenconsistentandclear．（）A．Associatedwith B．BasedonC．Centeredaround D．Assessedby参考答案：Bassociatedwith"与…有联系"；basedon"以…为根据"；centeredaround"以…为中心；围绕…"；assessedby"被评估"．本题是过去分词短语作状语表示原因，Basedonsufficienthistoricalandlegalgrounds，意思是"因为以充足的历史和法律为根据"，因此根据语境及句子所要表达的意思可知答案选B，其它选项意思与语境不符．4.

It’snot____________thatwewanttotalkaboutatthemoment;let’schangethesubject.A.anything

B.something

C.nothing

D.everything参考答案：B5.—Look!Maryiscrazilylookingforsomethingagain!—_____,shecan’tfindherkeys.A.Typically B.Occasionally C.Accordingly D.Particularly参考答案：A【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：——看!玛丽又在疯狂地找东西了!——一向如此，她找不到钥匙了。A.Typically典型；B.Occasionally偶尔；C.Accordingly因此；D.Particularly特别是。这里typically相当于inawaythatapersonorgroupisgenerallybelievedtobehave“一向如此”，故选A。6.—Anythingelseplease?—Ihaveamessageneedingtobeconfirmed,thatwillprobablychangemylife.A.that B.one C.ones D.it参考答案：B考查代词。——请问,还有问题吗?——我有个信息需要确认,一个可能会改变我的生活的信息。所填的代词作前面message的同位语,而且此处表示泛指,所以用one。7.---Ifourparentswouldlistenmoretous,theywouldunderstandusbetter.---_____.Theyjustexpectustolisten.A.Ibelievenot

B.Noproblem

C.Goodidea

D.Ican’tagreemore参考答案：D8.Holidayis______timeforleisure.Butmakinggooduseof______timeisnotaneasytaskformostpeople.

A.the;the

B.a;the

C.the;a

D.不填;不填参考答案：B9.

Althoughthecausesofcancer_____,wedonotyethaveanypracticalwaytopreventit.

A.arebeinguncovered

B.havebeenuncoveringC.areuncovering

D.haveuncovered参考答案：A因为句子的主语thecausesofcancer与谓语uncover是被动关系，因此我们使用被动结构，只有A符合这一条件。10.—Helosthisjoblastweek,butheseemshappy．—Ithinkhe_____toputonabraveface．A．istrying

B．tries

C．tried

D．hastried参考答案：A11.

--NextMondayismybirthday.

--Isthatso?____

--Thankyou.A.Idon’tbelieveso.B.I’msoglad.C.Whatpresentdoyouneed?D.Manyhappyreturnsoftheday!参考答案：D12.Eliwhitey’sideaof“standardization”meantproducingthousandsofexactlythesameparts－ofcars,forexample,—whatwould

placewhereotherpartswerebroken.A.associatewith

B.appealto

C.fitinto

D.seizeon参考答案：C35._______mademanycontestantsangryis________wascalledthefairplayturnedouttobeunfairatall.

A.What;thatwhat

B.What;what

C.It;that

D.It;whatthat参考答案：a略14.---Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.I’mgladwetookanumbrella.---Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe__________.A.hadn’t

B.haven't

C.didn't

D.don't参考答案：A略15.—Doyouthinktheweatherisgoodenoughforanouting?

—Yes.Youcouldn’thopefor______atthistimeofthemonth.A.anicerday

B.thenicerday

C.thenicestday

D.aniceday参考答案：A略16.Everyoneknowsthat_______isdangeroustoplaywithfire,but_______isdifficultistopreventchildrenfromplayingwithfire.A.it,it B.what,whatC.it,what D.what,it参考答案：C17.语音知识（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）以A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音完全相同的选项。1．radium

A．analyze

B．astronomer

C．blame

D．certainty2．defeat

A．great

B．bread

C．steal

D．deadly3．link

A．handle

B．within

C．bank

D．instruct4．challenge

A．machine

B．stomach

C．achievement

D．technology5．generation

A．bother

B．nervous

C．observe

D．prefer参考答案：略18.---Thelastone______paysthemeal.

---Agreed!

A.arrived

B.arrives

C.toarrive

D.arriving参考答案：C

解析：中心词是thelast,theonly,thenext或受到thelast,theonly,thenext修饰时,要用不定式作定语。二、填空19.GenesThatMakeYouSmarterThecontributionsgenesmaketointelligenceincreaseaschildrengrowolder.Thisgoesagainsttheideamostpeopleholdthatasweage,environmentalinfluencesgraduallyoverpowerthegeneticlegacy(遗产)wearebornwithandmayhave____31____foreducation.“Peopleassumethegeneticinfluencegoesdownwithagebecausetheenvironmentaldifferencesbetweenpeoplepileupinlife,”saysRobertPlomin.“Whatwefoundwasquite____32____andgoesintheotherdirection.”Previousstudieshaveshownvariationsinintelligenceare____33____duetogenetics.Tofindoutwhetherthisgeneticcontributionvarieswithage,Plomin’steamgathereddatafromsixseparatestudiescarriedoutin4countries,____34____atotalof11000pairsoftwins.Theresearcherstestedtwinsonreasoning,arithmeticsetc.tomeasureaquantitycalled“G”.Eachstudyalsoincludedbothidenticaltwins,withthesamegenes,andfraternaltwin(异卵双生)sharingabouthalftheirgenes,makingitpossibleto____35____thecontributionsofgenesandenvironmenttotheirGscores.Plomin’steamcalculatedinchildhood,genesaccountforabout4lpercentofthevariationinintelligence.Inadolescence,thisroseto55percent;byyoungadolescence,itwas66percent.Noone____36____knowswhytheinfluencefromgenesshouldincreasewithage,butPlominsuggeststhataschildrengetolder,theybecomebetterathandlingtheirenvironmenttosuittheirgeneticneeds,andsays“kidswithhighGwillusetheirenvironmenttodeveloptheircognitiveabilityandchoosefriendswhoarelike-minded,Childrenwith____37____tolowGmaychooselesschallengingpastimesandactivities,furtheremphasizingtheirgeneticlegacy.”Isthereanywaytointerferewiththepattern?Perhaps.“Theevidenceofstrongheritability(遗传可能性)doesn’tmeanthatthereisnothingyoucandoaboutit,”saysSusanneJaeggi,“fromourownwork,theonesthatstartedoffwithlowerIQscoreshadhigher____38____training.”Plominsuggestsgeneticdifferencesmaybemoreemphasizedifallchildrenshareanidenticalcurriculuminsteadofitbeing____39____tochildren’snaturalabilities.“Mytendencywouldbetogiveeveryoneagoodeducation,butputmoreeffortintothelowerend,”hesays.IntelligenceresearchersPaulThompsonagrees:“Itshowsthateducatorsneedto____40____adstowardsthingsdrawingouttheirnaturaltalents.参考答案：31.K

32.H

33.G

34.A

35.B

36.I

37.E

38.F

39.D

40.J本文属于科普文，介绍研究发现，年龄越大，基因对我们的影响就越大，这是与之前的观点相违背的。【31题详解】考查名词。句意：这跟大多数的观点相违背，他们认为年龄增长，环境的影响会逐渐超过我们基因的影响，这可能对教育有启发意义。分析文章可知，本句讲述新的发现观点以及对教育的意义，故选K。【32题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的发现让人非常惊讶，朝着另一个方向前进的。根据文章可知，新的发现与人们固有的认知是相违背的，故选H。【33题详解】考查副词。句意：之前的研究发现，智力的不同部分原因是由于基因。修饰dueto用副词，故用partly，故选G。【34题详解】考查介词。句意：Plomin的团队收集了来自四个国家六份单独的研究数据，其中包括1100对双胞胎。分析句子可知，本句讲述结论的数据来源，故选A。【35题详解】考查动词。句意：每份研究包括同卵双生双胞胎，具有相同的基因，以及异卵双生的双胞胎，他们只有一半的基因相同，这样让区分基因和环境对G分数的影响成为可能。本句主要描述包含真正的双胞胎以及异卵双生的双胞胎的目的在区分不同因素对G的影响，故选B。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：没人确切知道为什么基因会随着年龄的增长而影响加大。修饰动词用副词，结合语境，故用definitely，故选I。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：G分数中等或者低的孩子可能选择挑战性更小的消遣和活动，进一步强调基因的作用。本句描述G中等和分数低的孩子的表现,故选E。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：从我们的研究来说，开始IQ分数不高的人接受了更高的成果训练。修饰training用名词作定语，故选F。【39题详解】考查动词。句意：基因的影响可能会更加明确，如果孩子们接受的都是同样的课程，而不是根据他们的天性安排课程。根据本句identicalcurriculuminsteadof可知，很多孩子接受的专门定制的教育，故选D。【40题详解】考查动词。句意：这显示了教育者需要把广告投入到可以发挥他们天赋的东西上面。本句描述要调整自己的内容和重点，故选J。

20.sofar

inexchangefor

starvetodeath

getawayfromputup

putdown

concentrateon

makeit,losecontactwith

getover,

getdownto

beboundto1.Itwasn'tsurprisingtomethathewaspleasedtotakeseveraldaysoff,becausehereallyneededto

thetiringanddemandingjobforashortwhile.2.

,morethantwentystudentshavehadaninterviewforworkingasajournalistattheschoolradiostation.3.Manycompanies

the“nosmoking”signsattheentranceoftheirofficebuildingsoverthepastfewyears.4.WearefortunatetoliveinmodernChinawhichprovidesitspeoplewithrichfoods,forthereweremanycitizenswhowere

inthepast.5.Arecentlyconductedsurveysuggeststhatonlysixpercentofthepetownerswouldgiveuptheirbelovedpets

onemilliondollars.6.Afterseveralattempts,theChinesemountaineeringteamfinally___________toMountQomolangmafromthenorthfaceforthefirsttimein1960.

7.Fortunately,wefinally_____________alldifficultiesandcompletedtheprojectontime.8.Theplane_______________thecontroltowershortlyafterittookoffbutfortunatelyitsuccessfullylandedlater.9.Whenyou_________________onetask,youcangetitdonefasterandbetter.10.Youaresowellpreparedthatyou________________passthejobinterview.参考答案：1.getawayfrom

2.Sofar

3.haveputup

4.werestarved/starvingtodeath

5.inexchangefor

6.madeit

7.gotover

8.lostcontactwith

9.concentrateon

10.are/willbeboundto三、阅读理解21.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ThePealeswereafamousfamilyofAmericanartists.CharlesWillsonPealeisbestrememberedforhisportraitsofleadingfiguresoftheAmericanRevolution.HepaintedportraitsofFranklinandJeffersonandoveradozenofGeorgeWashington.Hislife-sizeportraitofhissonsRaphaelleandTitianwassorealisticthatGeorgeWashingtonreportedlyoncetippedhishattothefiguresinthepicture.

CharlesWillsonPealegaveuppaintinginhismiddleageanddevotedhislifetothePealemuseum,whichhefoundedinPhiladelphia.Theworld’sfirstpopularmuseumofartandnaturalsciencemainlycoveredpaintingsbyPealeandhisfamilyaswellasdisplaysofanimalsintheirnaturalsettings.Pealefoundtheanimalshimselfandfoundamethodtomaketheexhibitsmorelifelike.Themuseum’smostpopulardisplaywastheskeleton(骷髅)ofahuge,extinctelephant,whichPealeunearthedonaNewYorkfarmin1801.

ThreeofPeale’sseventeenchildrenwerealsofamousartists.RaphaellePealeoftenpaintedstilllivesofflowers,fruit,andcheese.HisbrotherRembrandtstudiedunderhisfatherandpaintedportraitsofmanynotedpeople,includingoneofGeorgeWashington.Anotherbrother,RubensPeale,paintedmostlylandscapesandportraits.

JamesPeale,thebrotherofCharlesWillsonPeale,specializedinminiatures(小画像).HisdaughterSarahMiriamPealewasprobablythefirstprofessionalfemaleportraitpainterinAmerica.56.TheauthormentionsinParagraph1thatWashingtontippedhishattothefiguresinthepaintingtoshowthat________.A.CharlesWillsonPeale’spaintingwasverylifelikeB.WashingtonrespectedCharlesWillsonPeale’sworkC.WashingtonwasfriendlywithRaphaelleandTitianPealeD.thepaintingofthetwobrotherswasverylarge57.Theunderlinedword“unearthed”isclosestinmeaningto“______”.A.showed

B.dugup

C.invented

D.lookedover58.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthechildofCharlesWillsonPeale?A.TitianPeale.

B.RubensPeale.

C.RaphaellePeale.

D.SarahMiriamPeale.59.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthePealesisingeneral_______.A.puzzled

B.excited

C.admiring

D.disappointed参考答案：ABDC22.Itiseasyforustotellourfriendsfromourenemies.Butcanotheranimalsdothesame?Elephantscan!Theycanusetheirsenseofvisionandsmelltotellthedifferencebetweenpeoplewhoposeathreatandthosewhodonot.InKenya,researchershavefoundthatelephantsreactdifferentlytoclothingwornbymenoftheMaasaiandKambaethnicgroups.YoungMaasaimenspearanimalsandthusposeathreattoelephants;Kambamenaremainlyfarmersandarenotadangertoelephants.Inanexperimentconductedbyanimalscientists,elephantswerefirstpresentedwithcleanclothingorclothingthathadbeenwornforfivedaysbyeitheraMaasaioraKambaman.WhentheelephantsdetectedthesmellofclothingwornbyaMaasaiman,theymovedawayfromthesmellfasterandtooklongertorelaxthanwhentheydetectedthesmellsofeitherclothingwornbyKambamenorclothingthathadnotbeenwornatall.Garmentcolor1alsoplaysarole,thoughinadifferentway.Inthesamestudy,whentheelephantssawredclothingnotwornbefore,theyreactedangrily,asredistypicallywornbyMaasaimen.Ratherthanrunningawayastheydidwiththesmell,theelephantsactedaggressivelytowardtheredclothing.Theresearchersbelievethattheelephants’emotionalreactionsareduetotheirdifferentinterpretations