新视野大学英语1unit3words

Unit3

AGoodHearttoLeanOnVocabulary:Lean:vi/adj

1.leanagainst/(up)on

sth

依靠在某物上Theoldmanleantupon/onhisstick.那个老人靠拐杖走路2.leansthagainst/onsth

使某物靠在另一物上

Theworkmenleanttheirshovelsagainstthefenceandwenttolunch.工人们把锹往篱笆上一靠就去吃午饭去了。3.lean(up)on

sb/sth(forsth)依靠某人、某事物

Iftheydon’tpaysoon,we’llhavetoleanonthemalittle.如果他们不立即付款，我们就得给他们施加点压力了。

Studentsleanontheirinstructorsforguidance.学生离不开老师的指导。

Leanon他们有困难的时候总寻求我们的帮助。Theyalwaysleanonuswhentheyareintrouble.Theministerleanedonhisadvisersforinformationandadvice.这位部长依靠他的顾问提供信息和建议。Adj:(指人或动物)瘦的aleanathleticbody2.Containinglittleornofat.(指肉)脂肪少的，无脂肪的leanbeef3.Notproductiveorprosperous;收益差的：不生产或不繁荣的；贫瘠的：

leanyears歉收的年月

aleanseasonforgoodmovie好影片不多的一段时期balance：balanceinsth(betweenAandB):均衡状态，均势Trytoachieveabetterbalancebetweenworkandplay.争取把工作和娱乐更好地结合起来。

Thenewspapermaintainsagoodbalanceinitspresentationofdifferentopinions.

这家报纸在刊登不同意见时总是不偏不倚。

Allpartsofthebuildingareinperfectbalance.这座建筑各部分都非常匀称。2.inthebalance:(指决定、结果、某人的未来等)不能确定的，尚未决定的；

Thefutureoftheprojectisinthebalance.这个项目的未来还悬而未决。3.keep/loseone’sbalance保持/失去平衡It’sdifficulttokeepone’sbalanceonanicypavement.人行道上结了冰，要想不摔倒可不容易。4.catch./throwsboffbalance:摇摇欲坠

Iwascaughtoffbalancebythesuddenwindandnearlyfell.突然一阵风把我吹得东摇西晃险些摔倒。5.onbalance考虑周全，总得来看

Despitesomefailures,ourfirmhashadaquitegoodyearonbalance.

我们公司虽然有些不足之处，但总的来看这一年还是相当不错的。severe~on/withsb:严格的；苛刻的，纪律严明的：Wasthejudgetoosevereonthethief？Verybad，intense，difficult，etc非常恶劣，紧张，困难等：aseverestormseverepaininward：Tonybreathedinwardsighofrelief.托尼暗自松了一口气。Thedooropenedinwardintothebackyard.这扇门往里面开，通向后院。cripplev.Thecarcrashcrippledhimforlife.那次车祸使他终身残废。Hehadbeenwarnedthatanotherbadfallcouldcripplehimforlife.n.Weputwheelsonthesechairssothatcripplescouldusethemtomovefromoneplacetoanother.bother：n．Wehadalotofbotherfindingavacantapartment.我们费了不少周折才找到一套空闲的公寓。V．Ican’tbotherhimwithmylitteraffairs.我不能因自己的那点小事去打扰他。coordinate：Childrenhavetolearntocoordinateeyeandhandmovements.儿童要学习协调眼与手的动作一致。Wemustcoordinateoureffortstohelpthefloodvictims.我们必须同心协力以援助遭水灾的灾民。halt：n．Workwasboughttoahaltwhenthemachinebrokedown.机器出了毛病，工作便停下来了。Thesearchhaltedovernight,thenresumednextday.搜寻停了一晚上，第二天有继续了。

bringsthtoahalt（cometoahalt；callahalttosth）中断，停止impatient：

Hegetsimpatientwithpeoplewhodon’tagreewithhim.Beimpatientatsth./withsb.对……不耐烦的，无耐性的

Beimpatienttodosth./forsth.热切（要做某事或期待某事）E.g.impatienttobegin.迫不及待地开始Beimpatientofsth.对某事不能忍受pace:SheslowdownherpacesoIcouldkeepupwithher.她放慢脚步好让我份上她。Theworkprogressedataslowpace.这项工作进展缓慢

Hegotup,andbegantopaceupanddowntheroom.他起身并开始在房间里踱来踱去。

Keeppacewithsth/sb

与……进度一致，齐头并进Itisimportantforafirmtokeeppacewithchangesinthemarket.对于一个公司来说，跟上市场的变化是重要的。Thecompanyissettingthepaceinthehomecomputermarket.这家公司在国内计算机市场上是领军者。adjust~sth./oneselftosth.使适合（新情况等），适应（新环境等）Eg.Adjustingtothetropicheatwasmoredifficultthantheyhadexpected.适应热带高温比他预料的难得多。Whereveryougoyouhavetoadjustyourselftothelocalcustom.不管到什么地方都要适应当地的风俗习惯。clingEg.Theyclungtoeachotherastheysaidgoodbye.他们告别时紧紧拥抱在一起。Sheclungtothehopethathewasstillalive.她一直抱着希望：他依然活着。Thesmellofsmokeclingstohisclotheforalongtime.他的衣服上长时间都有一股烟味。Smallchildrenclingtotheirmothers.小孩子总离不开母亲。Amaze：

Wewereamazedthatheagreedsoquickly.amaze/astonish/surprise都含有“使...惊异”的意思,而且它们都是一般以事物或他人作主语,以本人作宾语;以本人作主语时用被动形式。amaze强调“使惊异,困惑”间或还有“惊叹,佩服”的意思,是意义很强的词,如:Wewereamazedattheingenuitywithwhichtheysolvedtheirdifficulties.他们在解决困难中所表现的智慧使我们惊叹[佩服]。astonish表示“使人大吃一惊”、“几乎无法使人相信”,但没有“惊叹”的意思,如:Iwasastonishedathisrudeness.他的粗野使我大吃一惊。surprise语气较上述两词弱,只表示“出乎意外地惊异”,如:Weweresurprisedatfindingthehouseempty.我们惊讶地发现房子是空的。Subject:AncientRomesubjectedmostofEuropetoitsrule.古罗马曾征服过欧洲大部分。Shewassubjectedtotorture.

她经受过折磨。WhenIthinkofitnow,Iamamazedathowmuchcourageitmusthavetakenforagrownmantosubject

himselftosuchshameandstress.现在回想起来，我不仅惊叹：一个成年人蒙受这样的羞辱，承受这样的压力需要多大的勇气啊！

Adj.易受（由指坏事影响的），易患…..的Nancyisoftensubjecttoself-doubt.南希经常容易自我怀疑。stress:Helaysgreatstressonpunctuality.他非常重视守时。Thereisnotenoughstressoneducationqualityattheschool.这所学校不太重视教育质量。complaint:Ihaveanumberofcomplaintsaboutthehotel.我对这家旅馆有几点意见。Shelodgedacomplaintaboutthenoise.她对噪音问题提出投诉。Wehavereceivedalotofcomplaintsofbadworkmanshipoftheproduct.我们收到了很多投宿，说这个产品工艺低劣。envy

:Hecouldn’tconcealhisenvyofme/atmysuccess.他掩盖不住对我的/我的成功的妒忌。Engage:Hewasengagedasaninterpreter.他应聘当译员。

Iengagedhiminconversation.我让他参加谈话。

Ihavenotimetoengageingossip.我没有时间参加闲聊。occasion:onone/thepresent/lastoccasion有一次/这一次/上一次;onoccasion有时;ontheoccasionof在…时Youhaveonoccasionsurprisedpeople.你有时使人们感到诧异。ImetTomontheoccasionofhisdaughter’swedding.I’vemetheronseveraloccasionsrecently.最近我见过她好几次punch:

punchatrainticket在火车票上打孔

punchholesinasheetofmetal.在金属板上冲孔

HehasafaceI’dliketopunch.他那张脸，我真想打他一拳。shove:Heshovedheroutoftheway.他把她推到了一边。content：AreYoucontentwithyourpresentsalary?Heiscontenttostayinhispresentjob.aid：vt.Iaidedhiminhisenterprise.我帮助他做这一事业。vi.Theyaidedinsolvingtheproblem.他们帮忙解决这个问题。n．aidpost[station]救护所anaidtohearing助听器ahearingaid助听器aidsandappliances设备,用具callinsb.'said请某人援助urge：1.力劝;敦促;催促Heurgeshissister'sstudy.他敦促妹妹学习。Sheurgedmygoingtoseehimimmediately.她劝我立即去看他。2.鼓励;极力主张;大力推荐Heurgedthenecessityforimmediateaction.他强烈要求立即采取行动。Heurgedleaving.他极力主张离去。Weallurgedhimtogoaheadwithhisplan.我们都鼓励他实施他的计划。3.驱策,促使;驱赶;鞭策Yourprogresswillurgeustoworkhard.你的进步会促进我们努力学习。4.urgesbon鼓励或激励某人做某事

Themanagerurgedhisstaffon.经理督促职员更加努力。dive:

vi.1.跳水Theydivedfromthebridgeandrescuedthedrowningwoman.他们从桥上跳入水中,救起溺水的妇女。2.潜水Themenaredivingforpearls.这些人正在潜水采集珍珠。3.头向下钻,猛冲Theplanedivedsharplyandroseagain.飞机猛然俯冲而后又拉了起来。reluctant:Hegavemeareluctantassistance.他很不情愿地给了我帮助。Iamreluctantaboutaskinghimtodothis.我极不愿意让他去干此事。

reluctance:ThepolicereleasedAndrewwithreluctance.警方勉强把安德鲁放走了。Regret:Vt.懊悔,惋惜,遗憾Shewillregretandshewillwantyouhere.她会后悔,她会要你留在这里。Ididn'tregretthechoiceIhadmade.我作了这个选择并不后悔。Hesaidhemuchregrettednotbeingabletohelp.他说,他帮不上忙,深感遗憾。Itisamattertoberegrettedthatheshouldhavefailedagainintheexamination.他竟然又一次考试不及格,这是一件令人遗憾的事。IregretbeingunabletosaythatIcannotcome.我不能来,甚为抱歉。Regret：n.1.痛惜,懊悔,遗憾,失望,悔恨Ihavenoregretaboutleaving.我对离去一事毫不后悔。ThePrimeMinisterexpressedherregretatthefailureofthetalks.首相对谈判失败表示遗憾。Toh