高中英语牛津译林版Unit3Amazingpeople 重点词汇讲解

U3重点词汇讲解一、重点词汇列表动词preserve,swallow,disturb,inspire,discourage,murder,orbit,desire,apply名词explorer,fortune,discovery,valley,entrance,content,death,coincidence,connection,punishment,virus,clothing,riddle,labour,airplane,signal,captain,warning,requirement,sex,nationality,data,companion,devotion,organization,voyage,orbit,astronaut,desire,candidate,status,superior,quality形容词curious,scientific,widespread,female,native,outgoing,rare,various,superior,optimistic重点词组setsail,aswellas,rightaway,payoff,agreatdealof,shortlyafter,havesomethingtodowith,liveon,resultin,lookuptosb,liveone’sdream二、精选词汇讲解1.curious(1)curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲强的；奇特的becuriousabout…对……好奇的；becurioustodosth.对做……感到好奇1)Curious,welookedaroundforotherguests.我们好奇地四处寻找着其他客人。2)Hespokeslowly,inacuriousmanner.他以一种奇特的方式缓慢地说着。(2)curiouslyadv.好奇地；稀奇古怪地Philiplookedcuriouslyatthepeople.他好奇地看着人们。(3)curiosityn.[u.]好奇感in/withcuriosity好奇地（相当于curiously）；outof/fromcuriosity出于好奇心1)Philiplookedatthepeoplein/withcuriosity.他好奇地看着人们。2)Hekeptaskingmenumerousquestionsaboutitoutof/fromcuriosity.出于好奇，对那件事他问了我许多问题。(4)curiosityn.[C.]希奇的事；珍品1)Theseantiquesarecuriosities.这些古董是希世珍品。2)Thisredandyellowstripedseashellisquiteacuriosity.这个红黄相间的贝壳是件珍品。2.discovery(1)discoveryn.[c.]发现1)Scientistsmadealotofamazingscientificdiscoveriesinthetwentiethcentury.科学家们在二十世纪作出了许多惊人的科学发现。2)Shewasshockedatthediscoverythathewasathief.她震惊地发现他原来是个贼。(2)discovervt.发现(发现世界上原本就存在的事物)区别：inventvt.发明（发明世界上原本不存在的事物）1)ChristopherColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492.克里斯托弗·哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲大陆。2)Alexanderinventedthetelephone.亚历山大发明了电话。(3)discoverern.[c.]发现者1)ItwasMadameCuriewho/thatfirstdiscoveredradium.是居里夫人首先发现了镭元素。2)MadameCurieiswellknownasthediscovererofradium.居里夫人作为镭元素的发现者而出名。3.aswellas(1)aswellas同样；也；以及（用于连接两个并列的成分；相当与notonly…butalso但aswellas强调的是它前面的内容，而notonly…butalso强调的是butalso部分的内容。当aswellas用来连接两个并列的主语时，句中谓语动词的形式必须与第一个主语一致。）1)JohncanspeakChineseaswellasFrench.约翰不仅能讲法语而且能讲中文。2)It’simportantforyouaswellasforme.这不仅对我而且对你也很重要。3)Lilyaswellasherclassmateswasindeepsorrowatthedeathoftheirprincipal.得知校长的死讯Lily和她的同学们一样沉浸在极大的悲痛中。（aswellas连接两个并列的主语。此句谓语动词用单数was,同第一个主语Lily一致）。(2)aswell同样；也（相当于副词too）1)I’mgoingtoLondonandmysisteriscomingaswell/too.我将去伦敦，我的妹妹也要去。2)Shecanrideahorseandswim;shecanshootaswell/too.她会骑马和游泳，她也会射击。4.present(1)presentadj.出席的，在场的；现在的，现存的bepresentat…出席/在场……peoplepresent在场的人们(present指“出席的或在场的”意思作定语时，常作后置定语)1)Howmanypeoplewerepresentatthemeeting？有多少人出席了那次会议？2)Hewaspleasedatseeingsomanypeoplepresent.他很高兴地看到那么多人在场。(2)presentn.礼物(相当于gift)；birthdaypresents(3)presentn.现在，目前atpresent目前AtpresentwearelivinginRichmond.目前我们住在里士满。(4)presentvt.呈现；递交；赠送presentsth.tosb.把某物递交给某人（也可以用presentsb.withsth.来表示）1)Theypresentedflowerstotheirteacher.他们把花送给了老师。2)Hepresentedherwithabunchofflowers.他送了她一束花。3)Thelatestdevelopmentpresentsaproblem.最近的发展呈现出一个问题。5.result(1)resultvi.结果，导致resultin/leadto导致；resultfrom…由……而引起/产生；起因于1)Hiscarelessnessresultedin/ledtothetrafficaccident.她的粗心导致了那次交通事故。2)Thetrafficaccidentresultedfromhiscarelessness.那次交通事故是由于他的粗心引起的。(2)resultn.[c]/[u]结果；效果theresultsofacompetition竞赛的结果;workwithoutmuchresult没有效果的工作asaresult因此,结果；asaresultof作为……的结果；由于……1)Asaresult,theysaved90%ofthetreesintheforest.结果他们拯救了这森林里90%的树木。2)Thetrafficaccidenthappenedasaresultofhiscarelessness.那事故的发生是由他的粗心引发的。6.certain(1)certainadj.确定的,肯定的(近义词：sure)becertainabout/of…/besureabout/of…确信某事；对某事有把握becertain/suretodo…务必会做……；一定会做……1)Youmustbecertain/sureof/aboutthefacts.你必须对这些事实很确信。2)Heiscertain/suretoreturn.他肯定会回来的。3)You’reprettycertaintobeseenbysomeonewhoknowsyou.你肯定会被某个熟人看到的。(2)becertain/sure+that...相信;makecertain/surethat…确保/确信(that部分是宾语从句)Wearecertain/surethathewillgetoverhisillness.我们肯定他会康复的。1)Iwasnotcertain/surewhetherhewouldcome.我不能确信他是否会来。2)Istayedlongenoughtomakecertain/surethatthehousewasabsolutelyempty.我在那呆得久一些以确保那房子确实是空的。(3)It’scertainthat…是肯定的(在此句型中不能说：It’ssurethat…)forcertain/forsure肯定地1)It’scertainthathewillwintheelection.他肯定会赢得这次大选。2)Icannotsayforcertain/surewhenhewillarrive.我不能肯定地说他何时能到达。7.payoff(1)成功，带来好结果;是值得的，没有白费1)Allmyyearsoftrainingasanexplorerhavefinallypaidoff.那为成为探险家训练多年所付出汗水最后终于得到了好结果。2)Hishardworkpaidoffwhenhegotthepromotion.当他得到晋升时他所有的辛劳都得到了回报。(2)payoffone’sdebt(s)还清债务Iwillpayoffmydebtwiththischeck.我将用这张支票偿还债务。8.warning(1)warningn.警告；提醒；前车之鉴Hisheartattackwillbeawarningtohimnottoworksohard.他心脏病的突发将会是对他如此卖命工作的一个警告（警告他不要如此卖命工作了）。(2)warnvt.警告warnsb.of/aboutsth.警告某人某事warnsb.nottodosth.警告某人不要做某事=warnsb.againstdoingsth.warnsb.againststh.警告某人提防某事warnsb.that警告某人……1)Hewaswarnedofthedanger.他被警告有危险。2)Shewarnedhimagainsteatingtoomuchcandy.她警告他吃太多糖不好。3)Iwarnedyounottobuythatoldcar.我曾警告你/提醒你不要买那辆旧车的。4)Shewarnedmeagainstpickpockets.她提醒我小心扒手。5)Hewarnedusthattheroadswereicy.他警告我们路上结冰了。9.manage(1)managevt.设法,努力,争取TherepairworkisdifficultbutIcanmanage(it).这修理工作不容易,但我能对付下来。(2)managetodosth.=succeedindoingsth.设法做成某事trytodosth.尽力做某事(但不一定做成功)Theboxwasheavybuthemanagedtocarryitaway.那箱子很重但他还是设法把它搬走了。2)Hetriedtogetthereontimebuthefailed.他试图按时到那儿,可是没能做到。三、词汇拓展训练(一)单项填空1.—Theyaresaidtobequarrellingaboutournewlanguagelab.—Idon’tcare.Ithas__________todowithme.A.nothingB.somethingC.anythingD.everything2.Successresults________hardwork,whilelazinessleads_________failure.A.from;inB.in;toC.from;toD.to;in3.E-mail,aswellastelephones,________animportantpartindailycommunication.A.playB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.isplaying4.Theproblem_______tobemoredifficultthanwehadsupposed.A.provedB.turnedＣ.wasprovedD.wasturnedout5.Atthemeeting,allthe_________agreedtomakeMr.Jacksonprincipal.A.presentteachersB.teachersatpresentC.atpresentteachersD.teacherspresent6.—CanyoushowmeMr.Jaffer’soffice,please?—________.ButIdon’tknowifheisinatthemoment.A.ThanksB.GoonC.SureD.Youarewelcome.7._______wildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoMadagascarforfurtherresearch.A.SocuriousaboutthecouplewasB.SocuriouswerethecoupleaboutC.HowcurioustothecouplewereD.Thecouplewassuchcuriouson8.After3yearsofhardwork,he________toenterthebestuniversityinChina.A.succeededB.managedC.triedD.attempted9.Aftertenyearsofhardwork,hisdream_________.A.cametrueB.livedC.realizedD.wascometrue10.Theoperationonmymotherwas_______for20minutesbecausetherewaselectricityfailure.A.interruptedB.disturbedC.missedD.lost(二)单词拼写1.If___________（呼吸）in,thesevirusescanresultinillnessorevendeath.2.PractiseyourspokenEnglishandthenyoucan_________(表达)yourselffreely.3.Hewaspunishedfor__________（打扰）otherswhentheywereworking.4.Thepolicemanshowedgreat_________（勇敢）infaceofdanger.5.Thisarticleisnotwell___________（组织）.6.Itwasa___________（巧合）thathewasbornonhismother'sbirthday.7.Theancientbuildingsinthisareaarewell____________（保护）.8.Weneedfoodandwaterfor_____________（生存）.9.Sheisoneofthebest____________(秘书)Ihaveeverseen.10.Thedoctor__________（检查）theboyandfoundtherewasnothingthematterwithhim.(三）选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空。Asetsail(for),aswellas,rightaway,payoff,agreatdealof,shortlyafter1.Hepassedthroughadifficultperiod_____________hismarriagebrokedown.2.Heisill.Youshouldcallinadoctor______________.3.Theshipwill_______________Londonat8:30.4.Afterseveralyears’selfstudy,heacquired(获得)______________knowledge.5.AccordingtoTom,twoyearsofbusinessschoolreally_____________.6.Tom，___________hisparents,isfondofclassicalmusic.Bhavesomethingtodowith,liveon,not…but…,lookuptosb,liveone’sdream1.Theyall______________himastheirleader.2.Ourpurposeis________todoitforyou_______toteachyoutodoitbyyourself.3.Mostpeopleinthatcountry____________rice.4.Themaninsistedthathe____________themurder.Hewasnotonthespotatthemoment.5.Youngasheis,hehas______________andbecomewellknownthroughouttheworld.(四)综合填空1.—DidmanypeopleattendMike’sweddinglastnight?—Yes,therewerearound100people_________atthewedding.2.—Arethevegetablesstill____________?—Yes,Ijustboughtthemthismorning.3.—Didhepasshisdrivingtestintheend?—Yes,he___________madeitsincehehadbeenpractisinghardfortwomonths.4.—AreEgyptianpyramidsamongtheoldestbuildingsintheworld?—Yes,the_________Egyptianswerecleverenoughtobuildthemeventhoughtherewerenotmodernmachinesthen.5.—Itittruewhatoneexperiencesasachildoftenplaysabigpartinshapinghischaracter?—Yes,one’s___________experienceswillhavealife-longinfluenceonhim.6.—HasTomfinallygothisdesiredposition?—Yes,becauseheisthebestoneamongallthe_________.7.—Dothesegoodssellwell?—No,the______ofthemistoopoor.8.—Isitimportantforapersontohaveasenseofsuccessinhisjob?—Certainly,being_________inone’sjobisoneoftheelementsthatmakesapersonhappy.9.—Dopeoplestillkeepintouchwitheachotherbywritingletterstoday?—Yes,butmostoftenthey_______eachotherbye-mailorMSN.10.—Isshetherightpersonforthejob?—Yes,sheisquite________todothejob.(五)短文填空HowardCarter,afamousbraveand(1)explorer,discoveredmanyamazingthingsduringhislifetime.His(2)abouttheworldledhimtoexploreEgypt,wherehefoundseveralimportanttombs,withthe(3)bodiesofdeadkingsknownasmummies.In1922,sponsored（赞助）byLordCarnarvon,aBritishmaninterestedinEgypt,hemadehismostamazing(4)ofall—thetombofKingTutankhamun.By(5)thetombofeverythingitcontained,Carterandhisteambecamerichandfamousrightaway.However,(6)sevenyearsafterthediscover