中考英语二轮专题复习 阅读理解 说明文二（含答案）

…………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………※※请※※不※※要※※在※※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※…………○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………一、阅读理解（共5题）1、Havingapicnicisoneofthegreatpleasedactivitiesinsummer.Therearesomethingsyoushouldthinkabout.Packing(打包)yourfoodsBeforeyousetoff,checkifyourfoodboxisshutclosely.Ifit’sahotsummer’sday,thenacoolboxwillbeusefulforkeepingyourpicnicfoods.Don’tforgettopackcupsorbottlesfordrinks.FoodsafetyYoushouldkeepthingslikemeatpies,fishanddairydishesincoldboxes.You’dbetterkeepyourfoodsoniceforaslongaspossiblebeforeyoueatthem.Finally,carrysomehandsanitizers(洗手液).Makesurethateveryone’shandsarecleanbeforetheytouchthefoods.DelicioussnacksAfteryouhavepreparedthemaindishes,it’stimetopacksomesnacks.Chips,chocolatecandiesandcookiesareconsideredgreatpicnicsnacks.Theyareverydelicious,ofcourse,butbecarefulnottoeattoomanyofthem.31．Whatshouldyoudofirstbeforegoingoutforapicnicfromthearticle?A．Eatsandwiches.B．Carrysomehandsanitizers.C．Makesurethefoodboxisshutclosely.32．Whatdoyoupackfordrinks?A．Cups.B．Boxes.C．Chopsticks.33．Whataregoodpicnicsnacksfromthearticle?A．Chips.B．Hamburgers.C．Chocolatedrinks.34．Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Youshouldpreparemaindishesafterhavingpackedsnacks.B．Acoolboxisveryusefulwhenyougoforapicnicinsummer.C．Whenyouhaveapicnic,youcaneatasmanysnacksasyouwant.35．Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A．Makingapicnic.B．Enjoyingapicnic.C．Preparingapicnic.2、Atreehasroots.Peoplehaverootstoo.Ifyougettotherootofaproblem,youwillsolveit.It’sthesamethingwithwords.Digdeeplyintoabig,unfamiliarwordandyouwillunderstandwhereitcamefrom.Asreaders,especiallythosereadinginasecondlanguage,weneedtodealwiththetextasifweweredetectives(侦探)lookingforinformationtounlocktheunknown.Likeanygooddetectivearrivingonthecrimescene,thefirstthingtodowhenmeetinganewanddifficultwordistojudgethesituation,tolookateverythingthatisknownandseeifithelpsustounderstandwhatitmeans.Asyouknow,prefixes(前缀)andsuffixes(后缀)canbeaddedtothebeginningorendofwordstochangethemeaning.Knowthem,andyouwillhavethewordbuildingpower.Butrootwordsarethekey.Taketimetolearnafewofthese,puttheminyourmemory,andyouwillbecomeamasterworddetective.Let’slookatonecommonrootwordusedinEnglish.“Alter”fromtheLatinwordmeans“other”.Whenyoumeetthisrootword,youknowthatthebiggerwordhassomethingtodowith“other”.Examinetheword“alternate”.CanyoufindtheLatinrootinit?·Ifyouandyourfriendliketoeatout,firstyoupayandtheotherpaysthenexttime.Youarealternatingpaying.·IfyougotothemoviesonalternateSaturdays,yougoononeSaturday,butnottheotherSaturday.·Ifyouhavenoalternative,youhavenootherchoice.Learnasmanyrootwordsaspossibleinthelanguageyouarestudying.Thenuseyour“rootingforwords”skills.Likeanynewskill,practiceandhardworkarealwayspaidback.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph2referto?A．Thesituation.B．Thecrimescene.C．Anewanddifficultword.D．Everythingthatisknown.27．IfJimandLilygotothemovies,whichonebelowis“alternatingpaying”?A．Theyeachpayhalf.B．Jimpayseverytime.C．Theytaketurnspaying.D．Theirparentspayforthem.28．Howdoestheauthorexplainhisideasaboutrootwords?A．Bygivingafact.B．Bytakinganexample.C．Bytellingastory.D．Byhavingadiscussion.29．“Sen”fromtheLatinwordmeans“old”.WhichwordusesthisLatinroot?A．Mybrotherismyseniorbytwoyears.B．Hewasillsohewasabsentfromschool.C．Acriminalwassentencedtodeathbylaw.D．60studentswerepresentatthesportsmeeting.30．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure(结构)ofthepassage?(①=paragraph1②=paragraph2,…)A．B．C．D．3、①Walkordrivetowork?Whichwayislowerincarbon（碳）?Tobefriendlytotheenvironment,youmaychoosetowalk.Haveyouevertriedtolivealow-carbonlifethroughyourdiet（日常饮食）?②AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofOxfordhaslookedintothehealthandenvironmentalinfluencesof15foodscommoninwesterndiets.Amongthese,plant-based（基于植物的）foodsincludedfruits,vegetables,nutsandpotatoes.Italsostudiedanimal-basedfoods,includingredmeat,chicken,milkproducts,eggsandfish.③Accordingtothestudy’sleadresearcher,MichaelClark,“Choosingbetterandgreenerdietsisoneofthemainwayspeoplecanimprovetheirhealthandprotecttheenvironment.”Thatistosay,plant-baseddietsaremuchhealthierforusandkindertotheenvironment.④Togetthisresult,researcherscomparedtheinfluenceofeatinganotherportion（一份）ofeachfoodwiththeincreasedriskofafewillnesses.Theyalsofindouttheenvironmentalharmforeachanimal-basedfoodandeachplant-basedfood.⑤Byusingthismethod,thestudyfoundthatredmeatswerethemostunfriendlyfoodstotheenvironment.Keepingfarmanimalsproducesalargenumberofmethane（甲烷）thatkeeps30timesmoreheatthanCO2.Aswellasmakingtheearthwarmer,eatingtoomuchredmeatisknowntoincreasetheriskofafewillnesses,suchashearttrouble.⑥Plant-baseddietscangiveusthesamehealthbenefitsinamuchgreenerway.Accordingtothestudy,withouteatingorusingmeatandmilkproducts,globalfarmlandusecouldbecutdownbymorethan75%andstillfeedtheworld.⑦SpeakingtotheGuardian,TimBentonofChathamHousesaid,“Ifwecangivepeoplereasonableofficialadviceofwhatahealthyandgreendietis,theworldanditspeoplewouldbeinamuchbetterplace.”根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号涂黑。31．Whichoneisanimal-basedfood?A．Milkproducts.B．Fruits.C．Potatoes.D．Vegetables.32．What’stheresultofthisstudy?A．Manypeoplechoosetowalktowork.B．Plant-baseddietsarehealthierandgreener.C．Themoreweeat,thebettertheenvironmentis.D．15foodscommoninwesterndietsarenothealthy.33．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph⑤?A．TheharmofCO2.B．Theriskofhearttrouble.C．Areasonforkeepinganimals.D．Twodisadvantagesofredmeats.34．Whatdoes“benefits”inparagraphmeaninChinese?A．问题B．方式C．益处D．状况35．Whatwillthisstudyprobablybeusedfor?A．Teachingfarmerstoplantvegetablescorrectly.B．Offeringdoctorsnewmethodstotreatpatients.C．Guidingpeopletoloseweightbydoingexercise.D．Givingofficialadviceonhealthandenvironment.4、Doyoueverfindyourselfstandinginfrontofrubbishbins,notsurewhetherthepieceofwasteinyourhandisrecyclableornot?Tosolvethisproblem,fourHongKonghighschoolstudentshaveinventedasmartrubbishbinthatusesAItosort(分类)thewaste.ThestudentsnamedthebinWasteCollectionPoint.Connectedtoacomputer,thebinusesacameratotellthekindofthewasteitreceivesandsortsitintoplastic,paper,glass,orotherkinds.Tomakesurethebincansortwastecorrectly,theteamtestedeveryproductintheschoolshopandtookatleast500picturesofeachone.“TotraintheAI,wehadtotakemanyphotosfromdifferentangles(角度),soithasabetterrateofaccuracy,”saidoneofthestudentswhobuilttheAIsystem.Theideaofthesmartbinwasborntwoyearsago,whenthestudentswereinGradeTen.Atthattime,peoplefromthecitycrowdedintotheirvillagebecauseoftheCOVID-19.Theyleftbehindalotofrubbishandcausedmorepollution.“Allthebinswerefull,andtherewasevenrubbishonthemountain,”thestudentsrecalled,“Everyweekend,wehadtojointhevillagersinpickingupthewaste.”Thestudentsdecidedtodevelopaspecialrecyclingbinthatwouldencouragepeopletoprotecttheenvironment.Althoughschoolendedat2pm,theteamwouldcontinuetoworkontheirinventionuntil6or7pmatschool.Evenwhentheirschoolwasclosedlastyear,theywouldstillmeetandworktogetheronline.“Ourbinisnowinitsthirdgeneration(代).Beforegraduation,wehopeitcanbewidelyusedinthecity.”Thestudentssaid,“Thenitwillbeeasierthaneverforpeopletorecycleandprotectourenvironment.”36．Accordingtothefirstparagraphweknowthe________ofWasteCollectionPoint.A．priceB．sizeC．use37．Theunderlinedwords“rateofaccuracy”mean“________”inChinese.A．精准度B．参与度C．知名度38．ThischartshowswhyWasteCollectionPointwasdeveloped.Whichisthemissingpart?A．thehitoftheCOVID-19B．villagers’encouragementC．pickinguprubbisharound39．Thispassageismainlyabout________.A．fouryounginventorsB．anewinventionC．therubbishproblem40．Howisthispassageorganized(组织)?(P=Paragraph)A．B．C．5、TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicswasagreatsuccess.ChinahaskeptthepromisetoholdagreenOlympics.Manygreenactionsmadeitpossible,likeprovidingenvironmentallyfriendlysmartbeds,usingnewenergy(能源)cars,supportingsportingplaceswith100%cleanenergyandreusingrainandsnowwater.Takemakingiceasanexample.Chinadidn’tuseR507,acommonmaterialtomakeice,becauseitisn’tfriendlyenoughtotheenvironment.Through18months’hardwork,ChinaindependentlydevelopedtheCO₂directcoolingtechnology.Anetoftubesrunsundertheice.High-pressureliquid(液态)CO₂goesthroughthemtocreateheat(热)exchange.TheCO₂evaporates(蒸发)undertheicesurface.Theevaporationtakesinheatandturnswateronthesurfaceintoice.AndtheCO₂goesintoanothercircle.Thistechnologyhelpstomakeicebetterandfaster.Andaboveall,itismuchgreenerbecausethere’snonewCO₂produced.Amongallthe15icesportingplacesintheWinterOlympics,7usedtheCO₂directcoolingtechnologytomakeice.Asaresult,muchlesspollutionwascaused.Beijingdidsomuchmoretosaveenergy.Beijingbuiltthenewsportingplaceswithgreenmaterials.Asfortheoldones,Beijingusednewglasswallstotaketheplaceoftraditionalwallstoletmorenaturallightin.70%ofthewasteheatwasalsoreusedtokeepwarmanddry.AndalargenumberofnewenergycarswereusedattheBeijing2022WinterOlympics.TheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsisthefirsttotrulyachievecarbonneutrality(碳中和),andithassetnewstandardsingreentechnologies.SomenewspaperssayChinahassetanexamplefortheworldinenvironmentalprotectionandgreendevelopment.36．HowlongdidittakeChinatodeveloptheCO₂directcoolingtechnology?A．18months.B．100weeks.C．15days.D．7years.37．ThewriterwritesPara.3toshow________.A．whytheCO₂goesintoanothercircleB．howthenewice-makingtechnologyhelpedC．howsportingplacesusedthenewtechnologyD．whytheliquidCO₂runsthroughthenetoftubes38．Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推断)that________.A．allthebuildingswillbebuiltwithglasswallsinthenearfutureB．theCO₂directcoolingtechnologymaybewidelyusedintheworldC．thehigh-pressureliquidCO₂willtotallytaketheplaceofR507soonD．nonewstandardsingreentechnologiesmaybesetaftertheOlympics39．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ANewGreenIce-makingTechnologyB．GreenTechnologiesUsedinSportsC．ASharedFutureofGreenDevelopmentD．TheGreenBeijingWinterOlympics============参考答案============一、阅读理解1、C

32．A

33．A

34．B

35．C【导语】本文主要介绍了一些为野餐准备的事情。31．细节理解题。根据“Beforeyousetoff,checkifyourfoodboxisshutclosely”可知，在你出发之前，检查你的食品盒是否关紧了，故选C。32．细节理解题。根据“Don’tforgettopackcupsorbottlesfordrinks”可知，别忘了带饮料的杯子或瓶子，故选A。33．细节理解题。根据“Chips,chocolatecandiesandcookiesareconsideredgreatpicnicsnacks”可知，薯片、巧克力糖果和饼干被认为是很棒的野餐零食，故选A。34．细节理解题。根据“Ifit’sahotsummer’sday,thenacoolboxwillbeusefulforkeepingyourpicnicfoods”可知，如果这是一个炎热的夏天，那么一个凉爽的盒子会对你的野餐食物很有用，故选B。35．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一些为野餐准备的事情，故选C。2、C

27．C

28．B

29．A

30．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍学习语言的一些方法。26．推理判断题。根据“thefirstthingtodowhenmeetinganewanddifficultwordistojudgethesituation,tolookateverythingthatisknownandseeifithelpsustounderstandwhatitmeans.”可知，当遇到一个新的和困难的单词时，第一件要做的事情是判断情况，查看所有已知的东西，看看它是否有助于我们理解它的意思。此处it指的是“一个新的和困难的单词”，故选C。27．推理判断题。根据“Ifyouandyourfriendliketoeatout,firstyoupayandtheotherpaysthenexttime.Youarealternatingpaying.”可知，如果你和你的朋友喜欢出去吃饭，你先付钱，下次由对方付钱。“alternatingpaying”的意思是“轮流付钱”，故选C。28．推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，作者通过举例来解释他对词根的看法，故选B。29．推理判断题。根据“‘Sen’fromtheLatinwordmeans‘old’.”可知，“Sen”来自拉丁语，意思是“老”，结合选项“Mybrotherismyseniorbytwoyears.”表示“我哥哥比我大两岁”与之相符，故选A。30．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段引出主题；第二段介绍处理文本时需要注意的东西；第三、四段介绍前后缀和词根的问题；第五段总结。故选B。3、A

32．B

33．D

34．C

35．D【导语】本文主要介绍了低碳的日常饮食方式——植物性饮食，这种生活方式不仅对人们的健康有好处，对保护环境也有益处。31．细节理解题。根据“Italsostudiedanimal-basedfoods,includingredmeat,chicken,milkproducts,eggsandfish.”可知，动物性食物包括红肉、鸡肉、奶制品、鸡蛋和鱼，故选A。32．细节理解题。根据“Thatistosay,plant-baseddietsaremuchhealthierforusandkindertotheenvironment”可知，植物性饮食对我们来说更健康，对环境更友好，故选B。33．主旨大意题。根据“Keepingfarmanimalsproducesalargenumberofmethane（甲烷）thatkeeps30timesmoreheatthanCO2”及“Aswellasmakingtheearthwarmer,eatingtoomuchredmeatisknowntoincreasetheriskofafewillnesses,suchashearttrouble”可知，第五段主要介绍了红肉的两个缺点，故选D。34．词义猜测题。根据“Plant-baseddietscangiveusthesamehealthbenefitsinamuchgreenerway”可知，植物性饮食可以以更绿色的方式给我们带来同样的健康益处，所以benefits表示“益处”，故选C。35．推理判断题。根据“Ifwecangivepeoplereasonableofficialadviceofwhatahealt