八年级下Unit10Ivehadthisbikeforthreeyears课件

before

/ago

before和ago都能表示在一段时间以前，但是二者的内涵和具体用法有明显的区别：

1.

before表示从过去或将来某一时间算起多少时间以前，由于与这一时间状语连用的行为先发生在过去或将来某一时刻之前，因此往往出现在过去完成时态或将来完成时态中。例如：I

called

him

up

last

night,but

his

mother

told

me

he

had

left

for

Wuhan

two

days

before.

②She

said

that

she

had

married

him

five

years

before.

2.如果不具体表明多少时间以前，before意为"从前；以前"，表示从现在开始追溯到过去一段时间，或者主句的谓语动词表示的是经常、反复发生的行为，以副词的形式置于句末，可以用在现在完成时态中。例如：

①I

have

never

been

to

Beijing

before.

②Have

you

ever

seen

a

tiger

before?

③

I

often

go

over

the

lessons

that

I

have

learned

a

few

days

before.

注意：before前的时间状语如果是特定的，含义不一样。试比较：He

said

he

had

arrived

here

a

day

before.

(一天前)

He

said

he

had

arrived

here

the

day

before.

(前一天)

3.

ago指的是从现在起到过去时间的某一点的一段时间。这个时间状语常与一般过去时态或过去进行时态连用。例如：

①I

graduated

from

the

college

twenty

years

ago.

②I

was

asked

what

I

was

doing

a

month

ago.

4.

表示在某一时间点或事件以前时，只能用before，不用ago。因为这种用法是将before当作介词或连词使用。ago不具有这种功能。例如：

①He

will

come

back

before

eleven

o'clock.

他的爷爷已经去世2年了。

Nick参军3年了.

他离开深圳好长时间了。这本书我已借了4个月了.Hisgrandpahasbeendeadfor2years.

Nickhasbeeninthearmyfor3years.

HehasbeenawayfromShenzhenforalongtime.

Ihavekeptthebookfor4months.

method2:Itis+时间段+since+一般过去时的句子.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。

Nick参军3年了.

他离开深圳好长时间了。这本书我已借了4个月了.Itis2yearssincehisgrandpadied.

Itis3yearssinceNickjoinedthearmy.ItisalongtimesinceheleftShenzhen.

Itis4monthssinceIborrowedthebook.他参军五年了。HejoinedtheArmyfiveyearsago.——HehasbeenintheArmyforfiveyears.——HehasbeenintheArmymemberforfiveyears.——itisfiveyearssincehejoinedtheArmy电影开始五分钟了。Thefilmbeganfiveminutesago.——Thefilmhasbeenon

forfiveminutes.——Thefilmhasbeenon

sincefiveminutesago.——Itisfiveminutessincethefilmbegan.toybear玩具熊breadmaker面包机scarfn.

围巾复数为：scarvessofttoys毛绒玩具boardgames棋类游戏

howlong,howsoon,howoften,howfarHowlong

多久,多长(时间)。对时间段提问,如:for+时间段；since+过去的时间点/时间段+ago/一般过去时的句子。e.g.--HowlonghaveyouworkedinBeijing?--Forfiveyears.1.--Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?--Ihavehaditforthreeyears.LanguagepointsHowsoon多久以后。对“in+时间段提问,常用于一般将来时”,其答语常用“in+时间段”。e.g.--HowsoonwillMr.Libeback?--Inaweek.Howoften

多久一次,对频率提问,其答语为:once(twice/…)+时间段,always,usually等。e.g.--Howoftendoyouexercise?--Onceaday.Howfar

多远，对距离提问，其答语是表距离的内容。e.g.--Howfarisitfromheretoyourschool?--Threekilometers.Unit10I'vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.Samgotsicktwodaysago.Samhasbeensickfortwodays.Lilygotherdriver’slicense(执照)in1999.Lilyhashadherdriver’slicensesince(自从)1999.Samhasbeensicksincetwodaysago.=JimstartedtoplaytennisinJanuary.JimhasplayedtennissinceJanuary.MarymovedtoHawaiiin1996.MaryhaslivedinHawaiiforabout18years.I_________inMa’anMiddleSchoolsince18yearsago.(work)

haveworked=I_________inMa’anMiddleSchoolfor

18years.(work)

haveworked现在完成时二:用法2:现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能还将持续下去。简称“延续用法”.1）常与for,since引导的时间段的时间状语连用.since,for的用法:2）动词使用延续性动词。此用法需注意两点：因为瞬间动词在肯定句、since:(自…以来)1)since+时间点He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.2)since+时间段+agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.疑问句中不能和时间段连用.since＋一段时间＋ago＝for＋时间段;sincetwoweeksago=fortwoweeks;Ihavekeptthelibrarybookforaweek.=Ihavekeptthelibrarybooksincea

weekago.在现在完成时态中，for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。3)since+从句(句子要用一般过去时态）She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:(长达）for+时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀:过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带。歌诀用for和since填空。______threehours______threeo’clock______twodays______yesterdayafternoon______Icamehere______lastSunday_______aweek_______alongtime_______1997______twoweeks_______threeyearsago_______lastmonthforsinceforsincesincesinceforforsinceforsincesince在现在完成时中短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用。为了表述这种意思，我们常将短暂性动词转变成相应的延续性动词来代替非延续性动词，或变成：Itis+时间段+since+一般过去时的句子.常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变第一类：短暂动词be+adj.diefinishopen/closefallill/asleepmarrysb/getmarriedto第二类：短暂动词be+介词.start/beginleavejoin

bedeadbeawayfrom

bein/beamemberofbeopen/closedbeonbeoverbeill/asleepbemarriedto第三类：短暂动词另一个动词buyborrowbecomeputonkeephavebewear

巧记瞬间性动词的转换“开始离去借来还，出生入死买到家，穿衣入睡要感冒，开开关关变结束。”1beginbeon6

returnbeback2leavebeawayfrom7

joinbein3

gobeoff8

diebedead4

borrowkeep9

buyhave5

comebehere10

arrivebehere10reachbehere11putonwear12fallasleepbeasleep13catchacoldhaveacold14openbeopen15closebeclosed16becomebe17end/finishbeoverA:Howlonghaveyoustudiedin

thisschool?B:I__________(study)inthisschool

for2years.

havestudied

=I__________(study)inthisschool

____2years___.

havestudiedsince

agoItistwoyears______IstudiedEnglish.since()1.Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?___.A.SincelastmonthB.LastmonthagoC.LastmonthbeforeD.Lastmonth()2.Hisfather___thecomputerfortwoyears.A.hasboughtB.hashadC.boughtD.havehad()3.Howlonghaveyou_____thebook?I_________itsincetwodaysago.A.borrowed,haveborrowedB.keep,havekeptC.kept,havekeptD.kept,kept()4.Wehavebeengoodfriendssincewe___eachotherfiveyearsago.A.knewB.haveknownC.gotoknowD.knowABCAUnit10I'vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.=I’vehadthisbikesincethreeyearsago.=It’sthreeyearssinceIboughtthisbike.=Iboughtthisbikethreeyearsago.PairworkNewwordsYardsale庭院旧货出售这是国外的一种风俗，也是一种独特的售货方式。人们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物件，放在自家庭院中廉价出售，因而被称作yardsale，也可译作“家庭拍卖会”。庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，大到家具，电器，小到玩具，衣物和鞋帽。这些物品虽多数为二手家什，但也有全新的物品，且价格合理公道，甚至还可讨价还价。正是这种低廉，公道的价格及买家淘宝和碰大运的心理，使得yardsale广受欢迎，逐渐演变成一种独特的文化现象。1bListenandcheck(√)thefacts

youhear._____Jeff’sfamilyishavingayardsale._____Amythinksit’shardtosellheroldthings._____Jeffhashadhisbikeformorethan10years._____Amywantstokeepheroldthingsbecausetheybringbacksweetmemories._____Youcanalsogiveoldthingsawayto

people

inneed.√√√Listening勾起甜蜜回忆1c

Practicetheconversation.Then

makeconversationsaboutother

thingsinthepictureonpage73.A:Thisisareallyoldbook.B:Yes,I’vehaditforsevenyears.I’vereaditthreetimes.A:Whyareyousellingit?B:BecauseIdon’treaditanymore.A:Howmuchisit?B:Youcanhaveitfor75cents.2aListenandcheck()thethings

Amy’sfamilyaregivingawayand

circlethethingstheyarekeeping.

bookmagazinetoybeartoyliontoytigerbreadmakersweaterdresshatscarf2b

Listenagainandfillintheblanks.1.Amyhashadherfavorite______forthreeyears.2.Amyhashadtheboy_____sinceshewasa______.3.Amy’smomhashadtheoldbreadmakerformorethan_____years.4.Amycangiveawaythe_______and______becausetheydonot

fither

anymore.bookbearbaby10sweaterdress2c

StudentsAisAmy’smom.Student

BisAmy.Makeconversations.A:Amy,canwegiveawaythesesofttoys?B:Mom,Iwanttokeepthebear.A:Why?It’ssoold.B:BecauseI’vehaditsinceIwasababy.PairworkLinda:WelcometoSunshineHomeforChildren.I’mLinda.Amy:Hi,I’mAmy.Ihavesomethingsforthekids.I’vehadthismagazineforacoupeofmonths.Thestoriesinsidemaybeabit

old,butthey’restillinteresting.Linda:Great!Manychildrenherelovereading.2dRole-playtheconversation.Amy:Andcheckoutthesesofttoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids.I’vehadthemsinceIwasachild.There’salsoasweaterandadress.Linda:Perfect!Wealwaysneedtoysandclothes.Amy:Onelastthingisabreadmaker.Mymom’shaditforalongtimebutitstillworks.Linda:Thankssomuch!check用作及物动词,意为“检查,审查”;checkout意为“察看，观察”。e.g.Ifyoufinishit,checkitbyyourselffirst.

如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。

Checkoutallthebooksforchildren.

察看一下所有的儿童书籍。check还可用作名词，意为“支票,账单”。Readthearticlewrittenbyafatherforanewspaper.Whatishisfamilygoingtosellattheyardsale?Son:Daughter:Father:3aFastreadingatrainandrailwayset

，

thetoymonkeycertaintoysfootballshirts清理；丢掉拥有一套轨道火车partwith放弃(=giveup)、交出，

partv.

离开，分开n.部分,地区，区域e.g.Don’tpartwithyourdream.不要放弃你的梦想。=totellthetruthhonest为形容词，意为“诚实的；老实的”。反义词为dishonest“不诚实的”。1.Whydidtheydecidetohaveayardsale?2.Whatdotheywanttodowiththemoneyfromthesale?Becausethefather’schildrengetbiggerandtheirhouseseemstogetsmaller.Theywanttogivethemoneytoachildren’shome.3bReadthearticleagainandanswerthequestions.3.Whydoesthesonwanttokeephistrainandrailwayset?4.Howcantheoldtoysbeusefulagain?Becausehehasowneditsincehisfourthbirthday,andheplayedwithitalmosteveryweekuntilhewasaboutseven.Theycanbesold

to

thepeoplewhoneedthem.可以被卖掉5.Haveyoueverthoughtabouthavingayardsaletosellyourthings?

Whatwouldyoudowith

themoneyyouraise?Yes,Ihave.Iwouldgiveittothecharity.你会怎样处理你筹集的钱？Findthewordsorphrasesinthearticlewhichcanbereplacedwiththeonesbelowandwritethemnexttothewords.lose—partwithkids—_______truthful—__________many—________sometime—______eventhough—_______quickly—______older—______childrenhonestalotofalthoughfastbiggerawhile3cExercise1.MybestfriendTomis____honestboy.Youcanbelievehim.A.aB.anC.theD./2.—IsMr.SmithstillinShanghai?—Yes,he____therefortwomonths.A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.hasbeentoD.hasgonetoExercises1.Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeover there?

I’vehaditforthreeyears.2.Howlonghashissonownedthetrain andrailwayset?

He’sowneditsincehisfourthbirthday.3.Haveyoueverplayedfootball?

Yes,IdidwhenIwaslittle,butIhaven’t playedforawhilenow.4aRewritethesentencesusingfororsince.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedaysago.2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.Theyhaven’teaten

fortenhours/sincetenhoursago.Jimhas

beenin

Japanforthreeyears.3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009.4.IknowAnna.Ifirstmetherthreeyearsago.5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday.Ihavehadacamerasince2009.IhaveknownAnnforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.LindahasbeenillsinceMonday.4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.I_______________(neverbe)tothewaterparkbefore.Iwantto_____(go)nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold.2.They_________________(neverown)anypets,butthey___________(alwayswant)tohaveadog.haveneverbeengohaveneverownedhavealwayswanted3.We_________(have)apianosincelast November.We_______(buy)itfrom theLifamilywhentheymovedtothe USlastyear.4.CathyandAmy____________(notbe) backtotheirhometownfortwoyears. They______(miss)theirhometowna

lotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear.havehadboughthaven’tbeenmiss

verymuch5.Thismuseum_________(be)herefor over20years.It_____(be)oneofthe oldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.

hasbeenisSectionB11aCheck(√

)theplacesorthingsyoucanfindinyourtownorcity.____amuseum____aprimaryschool____abridge____azoo____apark____ahill____alibrary____ariver√√√√√√√√GroupworkListenandanswerthequestions.1.DoesMartinlikeJenny’shometown?2.DoesJennystillliveinherhometown?3.Whatisbehindthesciencemuseum?Whatdopeopledothereonweekends?1b

Yes,hedoes.No,shedoesn’t.Abigpark.Peoplegotheretolettheirkidsrunaroundandclimbthehills.ListeningListenagainandfillinthechartabouttheplacesinJenny’shometown.1cPlaceNeworold?Howlonghasitbeenthere?townlibrarysciencemuseumrestaurantdownthestreetoldforhundredsofyearsnewsincelastAugustoldforaslongasJennycanrememberTalkaboutyourtown/citywithapartner.A:Mycityislovely.B:Whataresomeofthespecialplacesthere?A:Well,there’saconcerthallthere.It’sbeenaroundforatleast20years.1dGroupworkHowoftendoyouvisityourhometown?Whatarethechangesinyourhometown?WarmimgupAnswerthequestionsbeforeyouread.Thenreadthepassagetofindoutif(是否）youranswersarethesameasinthepassage.2aCarefulreading1.WhydomillionsofChineseleavethecountrysideeveryyear?2.Howoftendoyouthinkthesepeoplevisittheirhometowns?3.Whatnewbuildingsdoesthegovernmentusuallybuildintownsandvillages?TosearchforworkincitiesIthinktheyvisittheirhometownsonceortwiceayear.Largehospitalsandnewschools.先前的家乡情怀Readingways阅读策略amongprep.在三者或三者以上之间betweenprep.在两者之间1)Tomsits________thestudents.

汤姆坐在学生之间。2)Tomsits_______MaryandFrank.

汤姆坐在玛丽和弗兰克之间。among与betweenAmongtheseisZhongWei,a46-year-oldhusbandandfatheramongbetweenin/forthepast/last+数字+时间名词:“过去……（时间）以来”,常和现在完成时连用’“对…..很感兴趣”

regard意为“将······认为；把······视为”。常用短语regardAasB意为“将A视为B；把A当做B”，as为介词，其后接名词或代词。1)我把你当做我最好的朋友。

Iregardyouasmybestfriend.2)我们把他当成兄弟看待。

Weregard

himasourbrother.

我注意到在我的家乡这些改变确实在发生’一成不变accordingto意为“依照，按照”，to为介词，后接名词、代词或从句。sohappyachildhoodFindexpressionsinthepassagethathavethesamemeaningsasthesewordsandphrases.1.lookfor_________5.goback_______2.consider________6.changes_________3.acrossfrom_______7.area_______4.inone’sopinion___________2bsearchforregardoppositeaccordingtoreturndevelopmentsplaceconsider动词，意为“考虑”，=thinkabout，后跟名词，代词，动名词，宾语从句或“疑问词+不定式”。

1）Pleaseconsidermyadvice.

请考虑我的建议。2）IamconsideringgoingtoBeijingonvacation.

我正在考虑去北京度假。3）Hehasneverconsideredhowtosolvetheproblem.

他从未考虑过如何解决那个问题。Completethesummarywithwordsfromthepassage.Youmayneedtochangetheformsofthewords.ManyChinesepeoplethesedaysleavetheir_________toworkin_______.Theyusually_______totheirhometownoneortwotimesa______.

ZhongWeihasn’tbeenbackinclosetothreeyears.Hehasbeenworkingina________factoryinWenzhouforthepast13years.2chometowncitiesreturnyearcrayonPeoplelikehimare_________inhowtheirhometownsarechanging.Newbuildingsareoftenbuiltbythe___________.ZhongWeithinksthesechangesare_____becausethingsneedtochange

inordertobecomebetter.Buthealsothinkssomethings___________change,andhishometownisstilltheplacethatholdsallhischildhood_________.interestedgovernmentgoodwillnevermemoriesThinkofchangesthathappeninginyourtownorcitytoday.Whichchangesaregenerallygood?Whichchangescouldbeseenasbad?2dGroupwork3aGroupworkThinkaboutyourfavoritethingfromchildhoodwhichyoustillhave.Forexample,itcanbeatoyorabook.Thentakenotesusingthequestions.1.Howlonghaveyouhadit?2.Howdidyougetit?Didsomeonegiveittoyou?Who?3.Whydoyoulikeitsomuch?Whyisitspecial?4.Canyousayanythingmoreaboutit?Inthefirstparagraph,introduceyourfavoritething.Inthesecondparagraph,talkaboutwhyitisspecial.Inthethirdparagraph,writeaboutastoryormemories.Writethreeparagraphsaboutyourfavoritething.Useyournotesin3atohelpyou.3b写作指导

usefulsentences

Myfavoritethingfromchildhoodis_____.I’vehaditfor/since_____.____gaveittome.Ilike_____somuchbecause_____.It’sspecialtomebecause____.Ithink_____._____hasgivenmemanymemories.Irememberwhen______.Myfavoritethingfromchildhoodisatoycar.Ihavehaditfor6years.MyfathergaveittomewhenIwasfiveyearsold.IlikeitsomuchbecauseIplayedwithiteverydayuntilIwenttoschool.It’sspecialtomebecauseitwasmyfifthbirthdaygiftthatmyfatherbought.参考范文

Thetoycarhasgivenmemanymemories.IrememberwhenIwassevenIstillplayedwithit.Iwouldnevergotobedwithoutit.OnedayIcouldn’tfinditafterIreturnedhomefromschool.Iaskedmyparentstohelpmefindit.Welookedforiteverywhereuntilmymotherfounditundermybed.

1.Completethesentencesusingfororsince.1.Ihaven’tbeentoamuseum____________________________.2.Ihaven’twrittenaletter______________________.3.Ihaven’triddenabike____________.4.Ihaven’tseenamovie__________.5.Ihaven’tplayedcomputergames___________.Selfcheckfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsagosinceIwastenyearsagoforfiveyearssince2010foroneyearA:HeyEric,_____youenjoyedyourtimeinBeijingsofar?B:Yes,it___beengreat!Everyoneissofriendly.A:Howlong_____youbeeninChinanow?B:Oh,I__________here___abouttwoyearsnow.havehashavehavebeenfor2.Completetheconversation.A:Wow,thatmeansyouhaven’t______backtotheUSfortwoyears.B:No,I____beenbacktwice_____movingtoChina.____youbeentotheUSbefore,LiJuan?A:Yes,IwentthereoncewhenI_____10yearsold,butI_____notbeenback_____then.beenhaveafterHave

washavesince

1.—JackieChanhasdonated___dollarstocharity.—Heisanexampletousall.A.thousand B.thousandsC.thousandofD.thousandsof2.—Canyougivemesomeinformationaboutvacationtrips?—Whynot___goingtoHainanIsland?A.considerB.mindC.keepD.thinkDAExercises3.—DidyougotoKenliduringthePeachBlossomFestival(桃花节)?—Yes.Theflowerswerebeautiful.Beeswereflying____them.A.inB.amongC.betweenD.through4.NowadaysmillionsofChineseleavethecountrysideto___fortheworkincities.A.lookedB.searchC.findD.seeBB5.Mr.Jack______Chinaforseveralyears.A.hasbeento B.hascometoC.hasbeenin D.cametoC1.howlong多久，多长时间2.haveayardsale举行庭院拍卖会3.giveaway捐赠；赠送4.not…anymore不再……5.welcometo…欢迎到……6.abit一点儿，稍微7.boardgame棋类游戏8.checkout察看；观察9.abreadmaker面包机短语归纳10.growup长大11.clearout收拾，整理12.alotof许多13.nolonger不再；不复14.atfirst起初15.forexample例如16.arainandrailwayset一套轨道火车17.asfor…至于……18.giveup放弃19.tobehonest说实在的20.atleast至少21.onweekends在周末22.onceortwiceayear一年一两次23.millionsof数百万的24.searchfor寻找25.accordingto依据；按照26.acrossfrom在……的对面27.inone’sopinion依……看28.inorderto为了1.Itis+adj.(+forsb.)+todosth.(对某人来说)做某事是……2.wanttodosth.想要做某事3.lovedoingsth.喜欢做某事4.decidetodosth.决定做某事5.havebeenin+地点在某处待了多久用法集萃Makenewsentencesaccordingtothestructures.6.hopetodosth.希望做某事7.oneof+the+形容词最高级+

可数