Unit 3 语法讲解【知识精讲+拓展延伸】 九年级 英语教材精讲课件（人教版）

人教版

九年级全册Unit3Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?语法讲解grapen.葡萄centraladj.中心的；中央的mailv.邮寄；

发电子邮件n.邮件；信件nearbyadj.附近的；邻近的

adv.

在附近；附近e.g.

Doyoulivenearby?Hespokesoftlytoacouplestanding

nearby.pardonme抱歉，对不起；什么，请再说一遍e.g.

Oh,

pardonme.Ididn'tseeyoustandingthere.

Pardonme?Ididn'thearyou.eastadj.东方的；东部的adv.向东；朝东n.东；东方e.g.ShewasbornintheEastbutnowlivesinChengdu.

WedroveeastalongXinjianRoad.Readandcompletethesentences.1.打扰了，你知道我在哪儿能买到药？

Excuseme,doyouknowwhere_________buysome

medicine?2.当然，顺着这条街有个超市。

Sure.There’sasupermarket__________________.3.请你告诉我怎样到邮局好吗？

Couldyoupleasetellme_____

_____

gettothepostoffice?Icanhowto

downthestreet4.对不起，我不确定怎样到那儿。

Sorry,I’mnotsurehowto____________.5.你能告诉我们今晚乐队什么时候开始演出吗？

Couldyoutellus______________________playingthis

evening?6.晚上8点开始。

Itstarts______

8:00p.m.7.我想知道接下来我们该去哪儿。

I_______wherewe_________________.8.你应该试试那个新的骑乘项目。

Youshouldtrythat____________overthere.whenthebandstartswondershouldgonextnewridegetthereat

AslongasyoulovemeIdon'tcare____________________

_

__________________AslongasyoulovemewhoyouarewhereyouarefromDon'tcare______________

AslongasyoulovemewhoyouarewhereyouarefromwhatyoudidwhatyoudidListentothesong,andtrytowritedownthemissingsentences.Leadin所填的句子在复合句中用作主句的宾语，我们称作宾语从句。主S谓V宾02.Whendoesthebandstartplayingthisevening?2.Couldyoutelluswhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?4.Whereshouldwegonext?4.Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.Whichquestionismorepolite?3.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothepostoffice?3.Howtogettothepostoffice?1.Excuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?1.WherecanIbuysomemedicine?Politesentencepatterns宾语从句宾语从句的连接词Excuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothepostoffice?Sorry,I’mnotsurehowtogetthere.Canyoutellmewhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?Itstartsat8:00p.m.Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.Youshouldtrythatnewrideoverthere.GrammarFocus探究语法规律Whatdidyoufindout?探究一：宾语从句在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语。看上表格：

探究宾语从句的用法，要从概念、引导词、主句从句时态以及宾语从句的语序这几个方面探究。探究一：宾语从句1.概念：什么是宾语从句？(略)第二单元已学，不再重复2.宾语从句的引导词知识回顾(unit2GrammarFocus)a.Couldyoutell

mewho

heiswaitingfor?b.Ourteachersaid

(that)theearthgoesaroundthesun.c.Idon’tknowif

hewillcometonight.d.Iamthinkingaboutwhat

hesaid.e.Iwonder

if\whether

hewillcome.观察下列句子，请圈出宾语从句的引导词。回顾：宾语从句有三类引导词。1.由that引导的宾语从句，无意义，可省略。如a.句。2.由whether(ornot),if

引导的宾语从句，翻译为“是否”，不可省略。if/whether可互换,

但whether…ornot为固定搭配.如c.e.句。2.宾语从句的引导词3.引导词除了可以用that,whether,if,还可以用where，how，when，who等____________.特殊疑问词知识拓展：把下列直接引语变成间接引语1.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.2.Shetellsme,“Idon’tlikesports”.

3.“Canyoufinishitbyyourself?”heasks.

4.”Whoishe?”Doyouknow?5.“Canyoufinishitbyyourself?”heasks.

6.“Wheredoeshecomefrom?”heasks.

Hesays_________________________.

Shetellsme_________________________.Heasks__________________________________.Doyouknow__________?Heasks__________________________________.Heasks___________________.(that)Tomisagoodstudent(that)shedoesn’tlikesportsif/whetheryoucanfinishitbyyourselfwho

heisif/whetheryoucanfinishitbyyourselfwhere

hecomesfrom探究一：宾语从句2.宾语从句的引导词发现：1.直接引语是陈述句转换成间接引语时，宾语从句用that引导。

that无意义，可以省略。如1.2.句。2.直接引语是一般疑问句或反意疑问句变成间接引语时，宾语从句用if\whether引导。if\whether不能省略。如3.5.句。Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.Hesays________________________.thatTomisagoodstudent.

“TheywillgotovisittheGreatWall,won’tthey?”heasked.

Heasked__________________________________________.if(whether)theywouldgotovisittheGreatWall3.直接引语是特殊疑问句变成间接引语时，宾语从句用原来的who\what等特殊疑问词引导。特殊疑问词不能省略。如4.6.句。

“Howcanwegettothepostoffice?”Iwonder.Iwonder____________________________.

how

we

cangettothepostoffice探究一：宾语从句2.宾语从句的引导词疑问词引导的宾语从句疑问词what,who,whom,whose,which，when,where,how,why可引导宾语从句，它们在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语等。Idon’tknowwhowillteachuschemistry.（作主语）IwonderwhatIneedtopreparenext.（作宾语）Wewonderwhosethiscaris.（作表语）

CouldyoutellmewhichbusIcantaketotheartmuseum?（作定语）注意：当疑问代词在宾语从句中作主语时，宾语从句语序不变；另外含有宾语从句的句子的句末标点由主句决定。Canyoutellmewhenshewillbeback?Hedidn’tknowhowhecouldgetthere.探究一：宾语从句2.宾语从句的引导词知识回顾注意:一般情况下，whether与if可以互换，但有些情况例外.1.Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.2.Itdepends

onwhetheritisgoingtorain.3.Hewonderedwhether

tostay

herethenextweek.4.Whetherhewillcomeisnotdecided.与ornot连用只能用whether介词后只能用whether与todo不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whetherif在宾语从句和条件状语从句的区别.Idon'tknowifitwillraintomorrow.Ifitrains,I'llstayathome.是否用于宾语从句如果用于条件状语从句主将从现巩固练习1.Idon’tknow_______heisdoing.2.Iwonder_____Alicestudiessohard.3.Iremember______hegavemeabookyesterday.4.Iwonder_____hecomeswithustomorrow.5.Wewanttoknow

________thebandstartsplayingthisevening.6.Doyouknow________willgiveareport?7.Iamnotsure________teamwillwinthematch.根据句意选择正确的引导词填空。what,which,why,when,if,that,whowhatwhythatifwhenwhowhich探究一：宾语从句3.宾语从句的时态观察下列句子，根据句意用所给动词的适当时态填空。Ihear(that)Jim______(be)

aworkertwoyearsago.Jim____(be)anEnglishteachernow.

Jim_________(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim_________(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim_________(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim__________(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplaying发现：当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。需要性原则主现从不限探究一：宾语从句3.宾语从句的时态1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heis

sick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinished

hiswork.HesaidHe_________toHongKong.he_____sick.he___________abook.He___________hiswork.将下列句子放在宾语从句的位置，用动词的适当时态填空。wouldgo

waswasreading

hadfinished

发现：当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。呼应性原则主过从也过探究一：宾语从句3.宾语从句的时态注意:当宾语从句表达的是客观事实(真理、自然现象、名言、警句、谚语等)的时候,其时态不受主句的影响,仍是用一般现在时态。观察下列句子，根据句意用所给动词的适当时态填空。真理永现在Lisasaidlight_______(travel)fasterthansound.

Hesaidtime____(be)money.Theteachertold

thestudentsthatpractice______(make)perfect.

Mymothertoldme(that)theearth______(go)aroundthesun.

ismakestravelsgoesCouldyoutellmewherehe_______?(live)Wouldyoupleasetellmewherethebank____(be)?could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。livesiscould表示委婉语气探究一：宾语从句4.宾语从句的语序观察与发现:WhendidheleaveforJapan?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellmewhen

heleftforJapan?陈述语序WherecanIbuysomemedicine?Doyouknow...Doyouknowwhere

Icanbuysomemedicine?

陈述语序When

doesthebandstartplayingthisevening?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellme

when

thebandstartsplayingthisevening?陈述语序一般疑问句语序一般疑问句语序一般疑问句语序发现：在特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句中,特殊疑问词后面用_____________.陈述句语序巩固练习将下列句子合并为一句：1.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.2.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.3.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.4.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?5.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?6.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.

Excuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothepostoffice?Sorry,I’mnotsurehowtogetthere.Canyoutellmewhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?Itstartsat8:00p.m.Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.Youshouldtrythatnewrideoverthere.GrammarFocus探究语法规律Whatdidyoufindout?

探究二：疑问词+不定式当宾语从句中的主语与主句的主语或宾语一致时，可使用“疑问词+动词不定式(短语)”结构对从句进行改写。如：Ireallydon’tknowwhichbookIshouldbuy.=Ireallydon’tknowwhichbooktobuy.CanyoutellmewhereIcangetadictionary?=Canyoutellmewheretogetadictionary?含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换(1)若主句的主语和从句的主语一致，可以将疑问词引导的宾语从句转化为“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构。Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.=whattodo(2)若主句的谓语动词是hope,agree,wish等，且主句的主语和从句的主语一致时，可以将that引导的宾语从句转化为动词不定式结构。Shehopesthatshecangetgoodgrades.=toget(3)若主句的谓语动词是see,hear,watch,notice等时，其后由that引导的宾语从句可以转化为“宾语+宾语补足语(动词原形/动词-ing形式)”。Iheardthattwogirlsweresinginginthenextroom.=twogirlssinging探究二：疑问词+不定式宾语从句与动词不定式转化

Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.=Idon’tknowwhat________next.2.IwonderwhenweshallleaveforNanjing.=Iwonder_________________forNanjing.3.Idon’tknowhowIcandealwiththeproblem.=Idon’tknow______________withtheproblem.4.Hehasnoideaifheshouldjointheclub.=Hehasnoidea___________________theclub.

todo

whentoleave

howtodealweathertojoin5.Ihaven’tdecidedwhereIwillgo=Ihaven’tdecided__________.6.HeaskedmewhatIbought=Heaskedme__________.wheretogowhattobuyExcuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothepostoffice?Sorry,I’mnotsurehowtogetthere.Canyoutellmewhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?Itstartsat8:00p.m.Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.Youshouldtrythatnewrideoverthere.GrammarFocus探究宾语从句与委婉语气Whatdidyoufindout?探究三：宾语从句与委婉语气比较下面两个句子：WherecanIbuysomemedicine?Excuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?Whichsentenceismorepolite?发现：往往含有宾语从句的复合句在表达请求时语气比较委婉。探究四：宾语从句否定转移

Ithink,“sheisn’tclever.”（否定句）=I_____think__________clever.don’tsheis主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来。Idon’tthinkhewillcomewithyou.我认为他将不和你一起来。附连词if和when在宾语从句和状语从句中的区别1.Doyouknowifit_____tomorrow?Ifit_____,wewon’tgotothepark.A.rains,willrainB.rains,rainsC.willrain,rainsD.willrain,willrainC2.Idon’tknowwhenhe_________(come).Ican’twaithereanymore.Whenhe_______(come),pleaseaskhimtocallme.willcomecomesLookatthesentences.Arethesequestionspoliteorimpolite?Doyouthinkthesequestionsaremorelikelyaskedbetweenfriendsorbetweenstrangers?1.WherecanIbuysomegrapesorotherfruit?2.HowdoesthisCDplayerwork?3.HowdoIgettotheCentralLibrary?4.IstheItalianrestaurantnearbyopenonMondays?Rewritethequestionstomakethemmorepolite.4a

WherecanIbuysomegrapesorotherfruits?2.HowdoesthisCDplayerwork?3.HowdoIgettotheCentralLibrary?4.IstheItalianrestaurantnearbyopenonMondays?CouldyoutellmewhereIcanbuysomegrapesorotherfruits?CouldyoutellmehowthisCDplayerworks?Couldyoutellmehow

togettotheCentralLibrary?CouldyoutellmewhethertheItalianrestaurantnearbyisopenonMondaysornot?Whatshouldeachpersonaskinthefollowingsituations?1.Timisveryhungry.CouldyoutellmewhereIcangetsomethingtoeat?Excuseme,canyoutellmehowIcangettoanearbyrestaurant?Pardonme,doyouknowifthereisarestaurantaroundhere?4b2.Sallyneedstomailaletter.Excuseme,canyoutellmewherethenearestpostofficeis?Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?Pardonme,wouldyoumindtellingmehowtogettothepostoffice?CouldyoutellmewhereIcanmailaletter?3.Helenneedstoknowwhenthebikeshopcloses.Couldyoutellmewhenthebikeshopcloseseveryday?Excuseme,canyoutellmewhenthebikeshopcloseseveryday?Excuseme,wouldyoumindtellingmewhenthebikeshopcloseseveryday?Pardonme,Iwonderwhenthebikeshopcloseseveryday?4.Beniswonderingifthere’sabankintheshoppingcenter.Excuseme,wouldyoumindtellingmeifthere’sabankintheshoppingcenter?Couldyoupleasetellmewherethebankisintheshoppingcenter?Pardonme,Iwonderifthereisabankintheshoppingcenter.Writefourquestionsthatatouristmightaskaboutyourtown/city.Thenrole-playconversationswithyourpartner.A:Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmewherethenearestbankis?B:Sure.Yougoeastalongthisstreet...1.

Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmeifthere’sarestaurantaroundhere?2.

Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?4c3.

Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmeifthereisabusstoparoundhere?4.

Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowIcangettoahotel?5.

Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmewhereisthefamouspark?1.—Couldyoupleasetellme________abouttheCCTVHostCompetition?

—Let’scheckitoncomputers.A.howcanIgettheinformationB.howIcangettheinformationC.whycanIgettheinformationD.whyIcangettheinformation(2020云南)B2.

—Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellme_________?—OK.Godownthestreetandyouwillfinditontheleft.A.howIcangettothezoo

B.howcanIgettothezoo

C.whenIcangettothezoo(2020吉林)A3.—Lily,couldyoutellme________?

—Abouttenminutes.A.howfarisitfromyourhometoschoolB.howfaritisfromyourhometoschoolC.howlongdoesittakeyoutowalktoschoolD.howlongittakesyoutowalktoschool

(2020山东青岛)D4.Iwondered_______.A.whichwaywasthewindblowing B.whichoneisthemostconvenientC.whichofthehousesdidyoulivein D.whichschoolitwasyouwentto(2020湖北武汉)D1)Wehaven'tdecided_______.(2021辽宁盘锦)A.thatwewillrepairourhouseB.whendidwegotothepartyC.wherewewentonvacationD.whetherwewillkeepapetD2)—Acelebrationforthe100thanniversaryofthefoundingoftheCPC(中国共产党)willbeheld,andI'mwondering_______．—Let'shaveadiscussionaboutitthisafternoon.

(2021江苏南通)A.howwillwegetthereB.whichclubswilltakepartC.whatwecoulddoforit

D.whethercanwedosomethingforitC3)—Areyoulookingforwardtothepicnictomorrow?I'mwondering_______.—Let'smakeitathalfpast6.(2021辽宁营口)A.wherewillwehaveapicnic

B.whatwewilldoandsee C.howwillweclimbupthemountain

D.whenwewillmeetattheschoolgateD4)—Couldyoutellme_______forthecomingholidays?—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.(2021湖北鄂州)A.whereareyougoingB.whereyougoC.whereyouaregoingD.whereyouwent5)—Hi,Shirley!Couldyoutellme_______?

—Sure.Iusuallygotoworkat7:00am.(2021广西柳州)

A.whendoyougotowork

B.howyougotowork

C.whenyougotoworkCA1.Excuseme,canyoutellmewheretherailwaystationis?打扰一下，请问火车站在哪儿?2.Excuseme,butcanyoutellmethewaytothetrainstation?

劳驾，请问去火车站怎么走?3.Excuseme,couldyoutellmewhichisthewaytothenearesthospital?

劳驾，请问去最近的医院怎么走?问路的常用表达4.Excuseme,wouldyoupleaseshowmethewaytothepostoffice?

请告诉我去邮局怎么走好吗?

5.Excuseme,wouldyoumindtellingmethewaytothepolicestation?

劳驾，请告诉我去警察局怎么走好吗？6.Excuseme,howcanIgettoNo.1MiddleSchool?

劳驾，请问去一中怎么走?7.Excuseme,isthistherightwaytothePeople’sPark?

打扰了，请问去人民公园走这条路对吗?9.Excuseme.DoyouknowhowIcangettoQiaotouMiddleSchool?=Excuseme.DoyouknowhowtogettoQiaotouMiddleSchool?

请问，你知道怎样去桥头中学吗?8.Excuseme.CouldyoutellmeifthereisaQiaotouMiddleSchoolnearhere?

打扰了，请问桥头中学是否在这附近？1.

问路时首先:“Excuseme.”可以引起对方的注意，不失礼貌。2.

当没听清时，可以说“Excuseme,wouldyoupleasesayitagain?”或“Ibegyourpardon?”礼貌地要求重复一遍。that（陈述句）

if/whether（一般疑问句）

who;whom;whose;which;what;when;where;why;how(特殊疑问句)

主句为一般现在时，从句可以是任何时态

主句为一般过去时，从句进行相应的过去变化

客观真理，自然现象等,不变语序陈述语序宾语从句三要素连接词时态I.根据提示完成句子。1.能告诉我刚才他们在讨论什么吗？

Couldyoutellme_________________________amomentago?2.—打扰一下，能否告诉我飞机何时到达北京？

—大概8点。

—Excuseme,canyoutellme__________________________________?

—Atabout8o’clock.whattheyweretalkingaboutwhattimetheplanewillreachBeijing3.—可否告诉我在中国人们怎么庆祝端午节的？

—当然。人们常去观赏龙舟赛，吃粽子。—Couldyoutellme___________________theDragonBoatFestivalinChina?—Sure.Peopleusuallywatchthedragonboatracesandeatzongzi.4.—知道我的字典在哪儿吗？

—知道啊，就在你桌子上放着呢。

—Doyouknow___________________?

—Yes.It’sonyourtable.howpeoplecelebratewheremydictionaryis5.—您可否告诉我您什么时候看见这个孩子的？

—大概二十分钟以前吧。

—Couldyoupleasetellme_____________________?

—Abouttwentyminutesago.6.他们明天是不是要去北京，