Unit 4 Looking good,feeling good 课时作业（四）-高三英语一轮复习牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册

课时作业（四）必修一Unit4Lookinggood,feelinggoodI.阅读理解（2022·烟台市高三质检）OneinfivechildrenstartingprimaryschoolintheUKareoverweight.Bythetimetheyleaveschool,thatfigurewillrisetooneinthree.Thechanceofthembeingoverweightinadulthood,whichbringsarangeofassociatedhealthrisks,ishigh,at50%-75%.Therootcauseofdiet-relatedfatnessisnosecret:anenergyimbalancebetweenthequantityoffoodbeingconsumedandthelevelofphysicalactivitybeingconducted.Addressingthisimbalanceneedstobe,inpart,areviewofourdiet.Morefreshingredients(原料)especiallyfruitandvegetables,lessprocessedfoodsandfeweradditives(添加剂)areallimportantfactorsinbuildingabalanceddiet.TheDepartmentofHealthhasrecognizedthatacollectiveapproach,ratherthanjustindividualbehaviourchange,isasuccessfulwayofachievingthis.Universaladjustmentslikeablanketdecreaseinsugarcontentinfluencethewayweeatthroughthechoicesavailabletous.Applyingthisapproachtoschoolkitchensmakessense.Theyhaveanimportantroletoplayinmaintaininghealthydiets.Offeringaschoolmenupackedwithfreshingredientsandwithoutartificialadditivesmakesadirectandeffectiveimpactonwhatchildreneatatschool.It’sanareatheSoilAssociationconsistentlyworkstohandlethroughitsFoodforLifeprogram—workingwithschoolstotransformfoodculture,improvefoodeducationandencouragelastingchangestothewayschoolsthinkaboutfood.Itworks.InFoodforLifeschools,pupilsareathirdlesslikelytoeatnofruitorvegetablesthanthoseincomparisonschools.OnewayforschoolstogetinvolvedisaFoodforLifeServedHereaward,whichmeansatleast75%ofdishesarepreparedonsiteusingfreshingredients.Itencourageslocalseasonalproduceand,atsilverorgoldlevel,requiresacommitmenttoenvironmentallyfriendlyproduce.Atitsheart,theawardisdesignedtosupporthealthandenhancefoodunderstanding.Over50%ofEnglishprimaryschoolshavesuchanawardalready,servingaround1.7millionmealseachdaytoover10,000schoolsandit’safigurewe’llseegrow.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Addressing”inParagraph2mean?A.Tackling. B.Ignoring. C.Maintaining. D.Postponing.2.Whichapproachwillworkforstudentstobuildabalanceddiet?A.Stoppingthemeatingaloneinschools. B.Gettingthemawareoftheharmoffatness.C.Ensuringhealthyrecipesonschoolmenus. D.Increasingtheavailabilityandflavouroffood.3.WhatcanwesayabouttheFoodforLifeprogram?A.It’saheavyloadonschools. B.It’scomplicatedtooperate.C.It’satemporaryproject. D.It’safruitfulattempt.4.WhichtypeoffoodmaytheFoodforLifeServedHereawardpromote?A.Sugarysnacks. B.First-classsausages.C.High-qualityimportedbeef. D.Freshlypickedorganicbeans.II.阅读七选五（2022·洛阳市统考）Canyoutellthedifferencebetweenaglassofregularanddietsoda?No,youcan’t.1.That’swherethetroublestarts.Untilrecently,everythingwehaveeatencontainssomeamountofcalories.Sowhenwedrinkdietsoda,thesweetnesstricksourbodyintothinkingit’srealsugarbutwhenthoseenergy-packedcaloriesdon’tarrive,theinsulininourbrainhasnothingtostore.2.It’scalledmetabolicsyndrome,whichisamixofconditionsthatincludeincreasedbloodpressure,highbloodsugarandweightgainwhichcanincreasetheriskofdiabetes,heartdiseaseandstrokes.Whiledrinkingdietsodawiththemealmaysoundlikeatastycalorie-freealternativetoplainwater,thismaybetheworsttimetodrinkitbecausethecheatingcaloriesinthedietsodacouldfinallydestroytherealcalorieswemetabolize.3.Anotherproblemcouldbethefactthatartificialsweetenersindietsodacanbe10to100timessweeterthansugar.4.It’slikewhenyougotoapartyexpectingloadsoffoodandyouendupwithahandfulofvegetables.You’releftunsatisfiedandhungry.Inthesameway,artificialsweetenerscanleaveourbrainswantingmore,whichleadstoincreasedappetiteandpotentialweightgain.5,maybejuststicktowater.A.Asitturnsout,neithercanyourbodyB.No,thiswasdietsodaanditwasawesomeC.WhenyougotoapartyexpectingloadsoffoodD.DrinkingdietsodaisassociatedwithadiseaseE.Soifyou’redrinkingdietsodatodropafewpoundsF.AnditpotentiallyleavesextracaloriesbehindwhichwethenstoreasfatG.Sowhenwetasteit,ourbrainsexpectmorecaloriesthanwhatwegiveitIII.语法填空（2022·昆明市质检）Atpresent,thetake-outindustryhasbecomeapopularconsumptionpattern.Apartfrom1(buy)foodfromtake-outstores,consumerscanorderfoodatdifferenttimesandinmultipleplaces2thehelpofthenetwork.Whilewetendtothinkoftake-outfoodassomethingoriginatinginthemodernera(时代)asaresultofour“toobusytopreparemyownmeal”lifestyle,the3(true)isquitetheopposite.Theconceptoftake-outfoodcanbetracedbacktobothancientGreeceandancientRome.IntheancientGreco-Romanworld,eatingathomewashighly4(usual)forpoorpeople.Becausethesepeoplecouldnotaffordaprivatekitchenintheirhousetocookmealsfor5(they),theyhadtobuy6(prepare)foodfrommarketandroadsidestalls.Thus,7wascalled“thermopolium”cameintobeing.Thewordthermopoliumliterallymeant“aplacewheresomethinghot8(sell)”atthattime.Itwaseitheranancientformofatake-outrestaurant9anoutdoorservicecounterthatofferedready-to-eatfood.Overtheyears,archaeologistshave10(constant)discoveredanumberofthermopoliainPomeiiandHerculaneum,twotownsthatweredestroyedbytheeruptionofMountVesuvius.Inonethermopolium,theremainsofclothbagscontainingaroundonethousandcoinswerediscovered,certainlyshowingthepopularityoftheestablishment.IV.写作阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。（2022·湖北黄冈高三质检）Theraincamedownsteadyandhard.JasonStoriehearditbutwasnotworriedashepreparedforadayofcavingwithfivefriendsinaremotespot80milesnorthwestofhishomeinDuncan,onCanada’sVancouverIsland.Itwas6a.m.onDecember5,2015.Asanewcomertothesport,Jasonhadgonecavingonlyfourtimes.Thiswouldbehistoughestoutingyet:acavecalledCascade.Itwasdangerousenoughthattheentrancewasblockedbyalockedmetaldoortokeepthecasualcaversout.Aboutamilelongand338feetdeep,Cascadewasfullofturnsandbarelypassable.Jasonwasnewamongthegroup,withtheleastexperienceand,at43,olderbyadecadeormore.ItwashisfriendAndrewMunoz,33,whointroducedhimtothesport.UnlikeJason,Andrewwasanexpertcaver—aformercavingguide,actually.Theyhikedabitbeforecomingtothedoor,whichsatintheground—you’dmissitifyouweren’tlookingforit.Itwas10a.m.Withtheirwaylightedbyheadlamps,theywalkeddownanarrowpassagestuddedwithsharprocks.Thesilencewasbrokenbyadrip,drip,dripfromabove.Soonthedripturnedintoalightbutsteadyflow,andtheywerewadinginwateruptotheirankles,thentotheirshins.Twohourslater,theyapproachedoneofthefeaturesthatmadethecaveunique:anarrowpassagenotbigenoughtostandupinthatledintoashort,tightdownhill.Thishadaname:Bastard’sCrawl.Fourstreamsmethere,andindeed,thewaterwasflowingmorequickly.Thesoundofthewaterhadturnedintoaroar.WhentheyfinallynearedthetopofBastard’sCrawl,therewerebarelyfourinchesofairleftbetweenthewaterandtheceiling,notenoughforthemtokeeptheirheadsuptobreathe.Theycametoterrifyingrealizationthattheywereindanger!注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Thewaterkeptrising,andtherewasnohopeofrescue.Slowlybutsteadily,thegroupmadetheirwayforward.课时作业（四）答案I.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。英国儿童超重问题严重，这会带来一系列与健康相关的风险。为此，英国卫生署制定了一些措施来改变学生们的饮食，以保证他们的健康。1.A词义猜测题。根据第一、二段内容可知，画线词所在句表示“解决这种不平衡的办法”。Addressing意为“解决，处理”，与A项意义一致。2.C细节理解题。根据第四段第三句可知，保证学校菜单上的食谱是健康的能够帮助学生建立均衡的饮食。3.D推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，FoodforLife学校的学生们不吃水果或蔬菜的可能性比其他学校的学生低三分之一。由此可推知，FoodforLife计划是一次卓有成效的尝试。4.D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，该奖项推广的是用新鲜食材现场制作的菜肴。II.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了饮用无糖汽水可能会导致疾病和体重增加等。1.A文章首句提出了关于一杯普通汽水和无糖汽水的区别的问题，并回答了你不能识别；空后则说这是麻烦的开始，故A项（结果证明，你的身体也不能）符合语境。2.D空后讲述代谢综合征，包括血压升高、血糖升高和体重增加，这些都会增加患糖尿病、心脏病和中风的风险。由此可推知，饮用无糖汽水可能导致疾病。故D项（饮用无糖汽水可能导致疾病）符合语境。3.F空前提到无糖汽水中的“欺骗”卡路里最终可能会破坏我们代谢的真正卡路里，空处应承接上文继续说明这种“欺骗”卡路里对身体的负面影响。故F项（且它可能会留下额外的热量，我们的身体随后会将其储存为脂肪）符合语境。4.G空后用去参加派对期望有很多食物，结果你只吃了一把蔬菜作为比喻，由此可见，品尝无糖汽水时，与我们提供的卡路里相比，我们的大脑期望得到比我们提供的更多的卡路里。5.E空前讲述人造甜味剂会导致食欲增加和潜在的体重增加，空后建议仅仅坚持喝水，故E项（所以如果你喝无糖汽水是为了减掉几磅）承上启下，符合语境。III.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。外卖食品看似是现代产物，但早在古希腊与古罗马时期就已出现，并且广受欢迎。1.buying考查非谓语动词。from为介词，其后跟动词-ing形式，故填buying.2.with考查介词。withthehelpof...为固定搭配，意为“在······的帮助下”，故填with。3.truth考查词形转换。空处作主语，结合空前的the可知，此处应用名词形式，故填truth.4.unusual考查形容词。根据下文语境可知，穷人负担不起为自己做饭的私人厨房，因此穷人在家吃饭是非常不常见的，故填unusual.5.themselves考查代词。此处是指为他们自己做饭，故填themselves.6.prepared考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作定语，且food与prepare之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填prepared.7.what考查主语从句。空处引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，故填what.8.issold考查时态、语态和主谓一致。引号里的内容是在解释单词thermopolium的意思，为客观事实，此处应用一般现在时；热的东西