现在完成时(重点)

现在完成时Winterhasalreadycome，willitstillbefarinspring?冬天已经来了，春天还会远吗？主语+have/has+过去分词（pp）助动词表示“有”现在完成时的结构Winter

has

already

come，willitstillbefarinspring?主语+have/has+过去分词（pp）否定形式haven’t(havenot）+过去分词hasn’t(hasnot)+过去分词疑问句把助动词have/has放在句首现在完成时的结构注：主语若是第三人称单数助动词用has现在完成时1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态动词构成：have/has+v过去分词havebreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(现在我不饿)I’mnothungrynowmovedherein2000IstilllivehereIhavelivedhereforeightyears.Ihavelivedheresince2000/eightyearsago.Ihavebeenlivinghereforeightyears.Mother:Dearson,cleanyourteethplease.Son:Mum,Ihavealready(已经)cleaned

them.Mother:Dear,tellyourfathertohavebreakfastplease.Son:Mum,dadhashad

breakfast

.Father:Tellyourmothertobuysomemilk,son.Son:Oh,shehasjust(刚刚)boughtsome.Mother:Dear,youmustcleanourhousetoday?Father:Honey,wehavejust(刚刚)cleanedourhouse.1、规则变化（过去分词与过去时变化规则一样）(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work---worked---workedvisit---visited---visited(2)、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live---lived

过去分词(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为“i”，再加“ed”。，study---studied---studiedcry---cried---cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop---stopped---stoppeddrop---dropped--dropped2、不规则变化（过去分词与不规则动词的过去式形式一样）have—had—hadspend—spent—spentmake—made—madensay—said—saidfind—found—foundhear—heard—heard3、不规则变化（过去分词与过去式形式不一样）take—took—takenspeak—spoke—spokensing—sang—sungdrive—drove—drivenbe—was/were—beengo—went—gone4、不规则变化（过去分词，过去式与动词原形一样）cut—cut—cutput—put—putlet—let—letread—read—read动词的过去分词形式1.规则动词2.不规则动词finishlivecarrystopgoseeforget--finished

--finished--lived

--lived--carried

--carried--stopped

--stopped---went—gone---saw—seen---forgot--forgotten抄写动词以及过去式和过去分词。1.e—3.go--4.do—5.have--6.drink—7.give--8.eat–9.know--10.make—11.run--12.say—13.see--14.find—15.draw--16.get—17.hear--18.begin—19.buy--20.leave—was/were--beencame--comewent--gonedid--donehad-haddrank--drunkgave--givenate--eatenknew--knownmade--maderan--runsaid--saidsaw-seenfound--founddrew--drawngot--gotheard-heardbegan--begunbought--boughtleft--left现在完成时的用法1)表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。Nowwehaveplantedallthetrees.Hehasjustcomeback.Theyhavebuiltmanybuildingsinthiscity.2)表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在的影响。Someonehasbrokenthewindow.(窗户现在是坏的)Ihave

already

lostthekey.(我现在没有钥匙)Ihaven’treadthatbookyet.(不了解书的内容)Ihave

just

cleanedmyhands.(手是干净的)常与already(已经),yet(已经),just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用.

already:常用于肯定句中.yet:常用于否定句,疑问句尾.3)表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。ShehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.HehaslivedinBeijingsincehewasborn.

HashelivedinShenzhenfor4years?常与for,since引导的时间短语或从句连用.for+时间段since+时间点,since+句子注：并非所有for作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时Iworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.(我现在已经不在这里工作了)Ihaveworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.（现在我仍在这里工作）since:(自…以来)1)since+时间点He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.2)since+时间段+agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.3)since+从句She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:(长达）for+时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法:

Takenotes

用for或since填空Mr.BrownhashadhisTV______15years.I’vetakendrivinglessons_______lastmonth.Mysisterhashadhercellphone______amonth.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme______mybirthday.Wehaven’tusedourcar_____alongtime.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_____years.Tomhaswornglasses_______hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforforsinceHehasgonetoShanghai.他(已经)去上海了。HehasbeentoShanghai.他(曾经)去过上海。hasgonetoswh.:某人去了某地，还没有回来．havebeentoswh.:曾经去过某地，已经回来．辨析havegoneto和havebeento辨析havebeento和havegonetoMyfatherhasgonetoShanghaiforameeting.他（已经）去了上海。MyfatherhasbeentoShanghaiforameeting.他（曾经）去了上海。ShehasbeentoChina.她（曾经）去过中国。（人已经回来了）havebeentosomeplace.曾经去过某地，已经回来．hasgonetosomeplace.某人去了某地，还没有回来．ShehasgonetoChinalastweek.上周她去了上海。（人可能回来了也可能没回来）用have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto填空：1.—Whereisyourbrother?—He____________theshop.He’llbebacksoon.2.—______youever_________toAmerica?—Yes,I___________NewYorktwice.3.—Hereyouareatlast!Where_____you_____?—I_____________London.4.—David_____________Australia.—I’msurehe’salreadyarrived.5.—IsBennyhere?—No,he__________theschoollibrary.Heleftfiveminutesago.hasgonetoHavebeentohavebeentohavebeenhavebeentohasgonetohasgoneto

常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词:already(已经):用于肯定句Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.yet(已经):用于否定句,疑问句Hehasn’tdonehishomeworkyet.just(刚刚)Theyhavejustleft.ever(曾经)HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?never(从不)Ihaveneverseenhim.before(以前)Haveyouseenthefilmbefore?since(自从…以来)I’veworkedintheschoolsince1999.for(长达)He’slivedinShepastseveraldays/weeks/years(在过去的…)recently(最近)Ihavenotwrittentomyparentsrecently.sofar(到目前为止)Sofarshehaslearned5Englishsongs.uptonow(到目前为止)thismorning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)真题解析1.Bytheendoflastyearwe_____morethan200studentsofEnglishallovertheprovince.(02)A.trainedB.wouldhavetrainedC.hadtrainedD.havetrained2.Catherineisoneofthebrighteststudentswho_____fromtheDepartmentofComputerScience,BrownUniversity.(02)A.isgraduatedB.hasgraduatedC.aregraduatedD.havegraduated3.Theystartedoffatabout5o’clockinthemorning.Theyshould____therebynow.(02)A.arriveB.havebeenarriving C.havearrivedD.bearriving4.Allen__anygoodjobsincehecametoNewYorkCitytwoyearsago.

A.hasn'tfoundB.didn‘tfindC.doesn'tfind D.hadn‘tfound(03)5.It'sreportedthatbytheendoflastmonththesaleofthecompany______by10%.(04)A.hasrisenB.hadbeenrisingC.hadrisen D.hasbeenrising6.Maryhasalotofletterstowritetoday.She___allafternoonandshe_____yet.(05)A.hasbeenwriting;hasn’tfinishedB.haswritten;hasn’tfinishedC.writes;doesn’tfinishD.wrote;didn’tfinish7.Thenumberofgirlsreceivingcollegeeducation__________inthecountryduringthepast10years.(06)A.isdoubledB.hasdoubledC.wasdoubledD.haddoubled8.Theoldmanwenttotheinformationcentersoonafterhisarrivalasthecity______somuch.(07)A.ischangingB.changesC.hadchangedD.haschanged9.ItisoverayearnowsinceIcametothecompany,butI____themanageryet.(08)A.haven’tmetBdidn’tmeetCdon’tmeetDwouldn’tmeet10.Youcan'tdoanythingelseuntilyou

yourhomework.(09)A.finishedB.willfinishC.havefinishedD.hadfinished11.Hetoldmethatthenumberofstudentstobeadmitted

atthattime.A.hadnotbeendecidedonB.werenotdecidedon(09)C.hasnotbeendecidedonD.arenotdecidedonHomework:

模拟试卷：P8，6P16.17P30.19P37.15P37.20

写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词。1leave-________-_______2catch-________--________3tell-________--_________4stand-______--______5get-_______--________6hurt-________--_________7put-_______--_________8come-_______--________9run-________--_________10begin-________--_________11swim-_________--________12draw-_________--_________13know-________--__________14do-_______--________15go-_______--_________16give-_______--_______17see-_______--________18drive-_______--________19take-______--_______20be-________--________21eat-_____--______22write-_______--______23speak-______--________24steal-_______--________25tear-_______--________left

left

caught

caught

told

told

stood

stood

got

got

hurt

hurt

put

putcamecomeranrunbeganbegunswamswumdrewdrawnknewknowndiddonewentgonegavegivensawseendrovedriventooktakenwas,werebeenateeatenwrotewrittenspokespokenstolestolentore