【创新设计】高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 选修8

Unit3Inventorsandinventions课前10分钟概括大意Nordoesfluonlyspreadthroughtheair.Saysomeonecoversasneezewithhisorherhand，thentouchesadoorknoborsubwaypole.Ifyoutouchthatspotnextandthenputgermyhandsonyournoseormouth，you’vebeenexposed.It’shardertorubyournosewhilewearingamaskandsoyourfacemaygetprettysweatyundermasks.Youreachundertowipethatsweat，andmaytransfergermscaughtontheoutsideofthemaskstraighttothenose.Thesearetheproblemsfacemasksmaycreatefortheirusers.此段落的大意是：__________________________________________________Dangerofinfectionthroughgermyhandsandmasks.漫画欣赏画面描述

Twopeople，fatherandson，aretalkingwitheachother.Theboy，standingontheground，islookingupathisfather，slightlyscared，whilehisfather，seatedonabigChinesecharacter“fu”，meaning“father”，isshoutingathisson.寓意理解

Inoursociety，fatherandsonarenotinequalpositions.Fatherssimplytelltheirsonswhattodoandwhatnottodoratherthanlistenpatiently.Sonshavefewchancestosharetheirownideasoropenuptotheirfathers.Theyoftenlookuptotheirfatherswithrespect，fearingthattheymightnotliveuptotheirfathers’expectations.你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇120词左右的小短文？课堂双基回归Ⅰ.词义辨析1．Peoplewhocan’t________betweencolorsaresaidtobecolor­blind.A．accumulateB．monitorC．undertakeD．distinguish2．An________changeintheweatherresultedinthebreakoutofflu.A．abruptB．absurdC．optionalD．elegantDA3．WethoughtMarywouldpassandJohnwouldfail，butcontraryto________itwastheotherwayround.A．applicationB．descriptionC．expectationD．regulation4．BritishAerospacehasbuiltascannerthat________damage

totheozone(臭氧)layer.A．purchasesB．monitorsC．declaresD．accompanies5．Thechequeisnot________ifitisnotsignedbythefinancedirector.A．validB．stableC．passiveD．abrupt6．The________ofnewscientificdiscoveriestoindustrialproductionmethodsusuallymakesjobseasiertodo.A．operationB．appreciationC．conservationD．applicationCBAD7．Woulditbe________foryoutopickmeupatfouro’clockandtakemetotheairport?A．apparentB．vacantC．handyD．convenient8．Televisionissuchameansthatitkeepsusinformedabout________events.A．oppositeB．theoreticalC．currentD．clumsy9．Watercanabsorbandgiveoffalotofheatwithoutbigchangesintemperature，thuscreatinga________environment.A．peacefulB．sensitiveC．commonD．stable10．Whenweplanourvacation，motheroftenoffers________suggestions.A．currentB．practicalC．effectiveD．acceptableDCDBⅡ.短语填空callup；setabout；incase；hangon；outoforder；diveinto；getthrough；ringoff；fillin；amatterof1．We_________acoffeeshoptoavoidtherain.2．I’msorry，butI’veto________now.Ihaveatraintocatch.3．Theyhavesentusanotherformto________.4．Planningaprojectisjust____________workingouttherightordertodothingsin.5．Idialedseveraltimes，butIjustcouldn’t___________.6．Hewasoverlookedwhenthey________choosinganewmanager.7．________atyourpresentjobuntilyoucangetanother.divedintoringofffillinamatterofgetthroughsetaboutHangon8．Myclockwas____________andwakedmeupat3thismorning.9．Thesmellofthesea________happymemoriesofmyyouth.10．You’dbetterwritethetelephonenumberdown________youforget.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Betweentheoutsideandinsidewallsofthebowlthereissomejelly，________________________________(这些果冻冷却后会冻结)．(cool)2．Followitup，exploreallaroundit，and________________(不知不觉中)，youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.(know)outofordercalledupincasewhichfreezeshardwhencooledbeforeyouknowit3．________________(由于非常稳定)，ithasprovedinvaluableinthedesignofbridges.(stable)Ⅳ.单项填空1．Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognition________thatyouaretrulyaninventor.A．canyousayB．youcansayC．sayyouD．cansayyou2．________withsomeresearchfindings，Idecidedonthreepossibleapproaches.A．PreparingB．HavingpreparedC．PreparedD．ToprepareBeingverystableAC3．But________carefully，thesnakesprovedtobenotroubleandallwentaccordingtoplan.A．monitoringB．tomonitorC．beingmonitoredD．Monitored4．Itwasthisexploringaroundproblemsthatledtohismostfamousinvention—________telephonein1876.A．theB．aC．/D．one5．Thepatentwasgivenin1876，butitwasnotuntilfivedayslater________Bellsentthefirsttelephonemessagetohisassistant，Watson.A．whenB．thatC．onwhichD．sinceDAB知识要点整合核心词汇梳理1．distinguishv.

区别；辨别Atwhatagearechildrenabletodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong?儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非？Whatwasitthatdistinguishedherfromherclassmates？是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？Themalebirdisdistinguishedfromthefemalebyitsredbeak.雄鸟喙呈红色，有别于雌鸟。Thetwinsaresoalikethatit’sdifficulttodistinguishonefromtheother.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨谁是谁。链接tell...from...把……与……区分开

2．convenientadj.

方便的；近便的搭配beconvenientto/forsb.对某人来说方便

Isitconvenientto/foryouifIcomeat6p．m.？如果我下午6点来拜访你，方便吗？Isthreeo’clockconvenientforyou？3点钟你方便吗？句型itisconvenientforsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事方便Itwon’tbeconvenientformetoseeyoutomorrow.我明天不方便去看望你。Whenisitmostconvenientforustomeet？我们什么时候见面最方便呢？提示convenient不可用“人”作主语。如果表达“如果你方便的话，在你方便的时候”时，要用if/when/wheneveritisconvenientto/foryou。Comewheneveritisconvenienttoyou.在你方便的时候请过来。If(itis)quiteconvenienttoyou，IwillbewithyounextTuesday.如果你方便的话，我下周二去见你。2．convenientadj.

方便的；近便的

搭配beconvenientto/forsb.对某人来说方便Isitconvenientto/foryouifIcomeat6p．m.？如果我下午6点来拜访你，方便吗？Isthreeo’clockconvenientforyou？3点钟你方便吗？

句型itisconvenientforsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事方便Itwon’tbeconvenientformetoseeyoutomorrow.我明天不方便去看望你。Whenisitmostconvenientforustomeet？我们什么时候见面最方便呢？提示convenient不可用“人”作主语。如果表达“如果你方便的话，在你方便的时候”时，要用if/when/wheneveritisconvenientto/foryou。Comewheneveritisconvenienttoyou.在你方便的时候请过来。If(itis)quiteconvenienttoyou，IwillbewithyounextTuesday.如果你方便的话，我下周二去见你。4．bearvt.

忍受；承受；负起提示bear通常与can，could连用，多用于否定句或疑问句中。Thepainwasalmostmorethanhecouldbear.这种痛苦几乎使他无法忍受。Wejustcouldn’tbearthethoughtofsellingthefarm.我们想都不敢想卖农场的事。句型can’tbeardoing/todo忍受不了做某事can’tbearsb.doing/todo不能忍受某人做某事；不能容忍某人做某事Alisoncouldn’tbeartoleaveandcriedallthewaytotheairport.阿莉森忍受不了离别之苦，去机场的路上一直在哭。Hecan’tbearpeoplesmokingwhilehe’seating.他忍受不了人们在他吃饭的时候吸烟。句型beardoing意为“耐得住……；经得起……”，通常用于否定句或疑问句，且不可用人作主语。Hissufferingsdon’tbearthinkingabout.他遭受的苦难不堪回首。Thejokedoesn’tbearrepeating.这个笑话不可说第二遍。链接stand忍受，忍耐endure忍受，忍耐tolerate忍受，容忍

重点短语例释1．callup召唤；使人想起；调动(力量、人员等)；(给……)打电话Thephotographcalledupmemoriesofhischildhood.那张照片唤起了他童年时代的一些回忆。Hewascalleduprightatthebeginningofthewar.他是在战争刚一开始的时候被征召入伍的。Don’tcallmeupinthemorning.不要在早上给我打电话。2．setout出发；上路ShesetoutforParisat6andhopedtogettherebeforedark.她6点动身去巴黎，希望天黑前到达。Columbussetoutonexploringthedistantregionsoftheearth.哥伦布出发到地球远方探险。拓展setouttodosth.开始做某事；着手做某事

Isetouttoknitasweaterbutintheenditbecameavest.我一开始想编织毛衣，但最后却织成一件背心。辨析setaboutdoingsth.着手做某事getdownto(doing)sth.开始认真做某事Wesetaboutcleaningthehouse.我们着手打扫房子。Let’sgetdowntodealingwiththeseproblemsnow.现在咱们开始认真处理这些问题吧。链接setoff动身，出发，引爆startout动身，出发3．hangon不挂断；紧紧握住；稍等Hangonamoment，please.请等一下。Weallhungonasthebusswungaroundasharpbend.公共汽车急转弯时，我们都紧紧抓住扶手。4．incase以防万一；如果；假使Takeanumbrellaincaseitrains.带把伞吧，以防下雨。I’msureHarrywillremember，butwhynotgivehimaringjustincase?我确信哈利会记得，但为以防万一，为什么不给他打个电话呢？I’llmakesomesandwiches，justincasewegethungrylateron.我会做些三明治，以防一会儿我们肚子饿。Incaseyoucan’tcome，givemeacallbeforeIleaveforwork.如果你来不了，在我去上班之前给我打个电话。疑难语句细解1．Beingverystable，ithasprovedinvaluableinthedesignofbridges.由于具有良好的稳定性，在桥梁设计中，它被证明是极其有用的。【要点指南】Beingverystable是现在分词短语，在句中作原因状语。“being＋形容词、过去分词、副词、介词短语、名词”通常在句中作原因状语，此结构一般放在句首，有时也可置于句尾。Beingveryshy，hecouldn’taskhertogotothemovieswithhim.由于很害羞，他不敢开口邀请她一起去看电影。Beingunemployed，hehasn’tgotmuchmoney.由于没有工作，他没有多少钱。Thegirlfeelshomesick，beingawayfromhomeforthefirsttime.由于是第一次离开家，这个女孩有点想家。拓展上面句子中的being其逻辑主语与句子的主语是一致的，但如果不一致的话，就要给being加上自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。Schoolbeingover，youcanhardlyfindanystudentsthere.因为已放学，所以在那儿你找不到学生。Therebeingnorainformonths，allthecropsaredyingout.因为几个月没有雨水了，庄稼都快要死光了。2．Nowit’samatterofwaitingandhoping.现在就是等待和期盼了。【要点指南】(just/only)amatterof...是很常用的一个短语，意为“(只不过)是个……的问题”。Learninglanguagesisjustamatterofrememberingwords学习语言只不过是记住一些词汇而已。Itisnotsimplyamatterofdecidingwhatpriceyouwanttopay.这不是简单的你愿意出多少钱的问题。Itappearedtobeonlyamatteroftimebeforetheywerecaught.看来，抓住他们只不过是迟早的事。突破阅读理解怎样猜测词义(四)【方法技巧】根据构词法猜测词义。例如：Theyoverestimatetheinterviewee’sabilityandaskedhimmanydifficultquestions.其中的overestimate是由estimate“估计”加上前缀over­“过分”构成的，故可猜测出overestimate意为“过高估计”。【实例验证】Towardsevening，therecomesthegrandfinaleoftheopeningday，anextremelyexcitinghorse­race.Alltheridersrunveryfastonhorseback.Someridershangoffthesideoftheirsaddles.Someevenrideupsidedown—theirlegsandfeetstraightupintheair—allatfullspeed.Othersrushdownthecoursetogether，menarminarm，ondifferenthorses.Onandontheygo.Sofastandsowonderful.ofastandsowonderful.◆Theunderlinedword“finale”mostprobablymeansthe________oftheopeningday.A．firstpartB．middleC．lastpartD．whole解析：finale是由final“最后的”派生而来的，所以很容易就可确定答案为C。答案：C【实践应用】MostwomeninGhana—theeducatedandilli