【语法课件】it的用法

英语复习专题It的用法

it是常见代词之一，它既可以指代时间、地点、天气、距离等，还能作形式主语或形式宾语，同时可以引起强调结构，是历年高考热点之一。现结合高考试题对其用法作一介绍。一、用来表示时间、天气、地点、距离、环境、形势等。例如：Itistwomilestothebeach.这里到海滨有两英里。Itwasraininginthemorning.今天早晨下着雨。Ifit’sconvenientIcanseeyoutomorrow.如果方便，我明天能见你。it表示时间常用于句型：1、Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since从句。意为“自……以来已有多长时间了”或“自不……以来已有多长时间了”。例如：1）Itis/hasbeenmanyyearssinceIwaslastinLondon(P.136SEFCBook2B)自从我上次到伦敦，已经有许多年了。2）It’salongtimesincewemetlast.(P.89JEFCBook3)自从我们上次见面以来已经有很长一段时间了。2、Itis/was/willbe+一段时间+before从句。表示“在（做某事）前过了多长时间”，或“过了多长时间才……”。如：Butit________morethan100yearsbeforethecountrybeginsonceagaintolookasitdidbefore.但是在100年之后，这个国家才能恢复到以前的样子。willbe二、用来指代人。说明某人的身份或者做某事的人；指代婴儿或儿童；在不清楚某人性别时，也可使用it，尤其在问答的形式中更为常见。例如：

1.---Look,someoneiscoming.Whocanitbe?---Itmaybetheheadmaster.---Itcan’tbehim.HehasgonetoShanghai.---ItmustbeMr.Zhang.Helooksliketheheadmaster.2.____DoctorStone,isn’tit?She’susuallygood.ThatisB.ItisC.ThisisD.Sheis3.----IsthatDoctorStone?----Yeah.----Whois___?A.thisB.thatC.sheD.it三、用来指代前文中的内容，或指代整个主句。如：1.Takeyourpoundofflesh!Ideclarethecourtallowsitandthelawgivesittoyou.割下你要的那一磅肉吧！我宣布法庭允许你这么做，法律把那一磅肉判给你了。2.Ifitispossible,holdupthepartofthebodywhichisbleeding.如果可能的话，就把出血的部位抬起来。3.Iwasdisappointedwiththefilm，Ihadexpected_______tobemuchbetter．A．thatB．thisC．oneD．it4.Tom'smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,___didn'thelp.heB.whichC.sheD.butit

5.ItissaidthatinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows___.A.itwhattodowithB.howtodealwithitC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwith6.TheParkersboughtanewhouse,___willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A．butthatB．butitC．oneD．which7.Iloveswimming,____keepsmefit.

anditB.whichC.itD.as8.Theysaidtheyhadfinishedthework,but___.Ican’tbelieveitB.whatIcan’tbelieveC.whichIcan’tbelieveD.Idon’tbelieve四、在一些相对固定的词组中出现，没有特殊含义，经常不翻译。如：He’sneverreallymadeitasanactor.作为演员，他从未获得过真正的成功。

Itismyturn．轮到我了。3.That’sjustit---Ican’tworkwhenyou’remakingsomuchnoise.原因就在这儿---你们这么吵，我没法工作。4.____.I’vegotsomuchworkIdon’tknowwheretostart.

Whatanawful!B.It’sawful!C.Thatwasawful!D.Asisawful,5.___withyou?

___Verywell,thankyou.WhatisgoingonB.Howisitgoing

C.Howiseverythinggoing

D.Whatisup五、指代不定式、动名词、从句等，用作形式主语或形式宾语。如：___alwaysdifficulttobeinaforeigncountry,especiallyifyoudon’tspeakthelanguage.ThatisalwaysB.ItisalwaysC.ItwillbealwaysD.Thatwillalwaysbe2.Wemustmake___tothepublicthatsomethingshouldbedonetostoppollution.WhatisclearB.itisclearC.itclearD.thatclear3.Ihate__whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them

4.___onedaytheywillhaveenoughanimalstosetthemfree.ItishopedforB.whatishopedthatC.AsishopedthatD.Itishopedthat5.____insidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.A.ItappearedcalmbutB.Heappearedcalm,butC.WhatappearedcalmwasD.Itwasappearedcalm,but用it作形式主语或形式宾语的句型主要有:It+be+adj./n.(forsb./ofsb)+todosth.It+be+fun/awasteoftime/nogood/nousedoingsth.It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句It＋be＋形容词＋that从句5、It＋be＋名词（词组）＋that从句Isitpossiblenecessarytotellhisfathereverything?Infactitisahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.Idon’tthinkitpossibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.Howsillyofyouitistohavedoneit!It+be+adj./n.(forsb./ofsb)+todosth.

注意：该句型中的形容词通常是表示事物的特点或特征的如difficult，hard，easy，impossible，necessary，important等，此时用for；表示人的性格特征或特点的如nice，good，bad，kind，silly，foolish，wise，clever，careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful，grateful等，这时要用of。It+be+fun/awasteoftime/nogood/nousedoingsth.___tojumpintoariveronahotsummerday!HowfunitisB.WhatfunitisC.WhatfunofitisD.WhatafunitisItisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.[谚]牛奶已泼，哭也无用。It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句Itissaid,reported,announced,hoped,thought，told，believed，expected，decided，suggested,known+that从句该句型通常可以转换成sb/sthissaidthat…如：Itissaidthatthebookwastranslatedintomanylanguagesin1950.Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguagesin1950.It＋be＋形容词＋that从句

可用于此句型的形容词还有wonderful，true，good，right，wrong，important，useless，surprising，clear，unusual，lucky，certain等。如：1）Itisquitecertainthathewillnotmakeaspeechatthemeeting.2）Itisimportantthatwe(should)studyhard.5、It＋be＋名词（词组）＋that从句。适用该句型的名词（词组）还有apity，anhonor，agoodthing，afact，asurprise，goodnews等。如：1）Itisapity(that)youmissedthesportsmeetinglastweek.2）___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It6、It＋seem／appear／happen的适当形式＋that从句。该句型常可以转换成含不定式的简单句。如：1）Itseemsthatthereisabigwastepipecomingdownfromthetown.→Thereseemstobeabigwastepipecomingdownfromthetown.2）Heappearedcalm,butinsidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.→Itappearedthathewascalm,butinsidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.7、Itdoesn‘tmatter（It’snowonder；Itdoesn‘tmaketoomuchdifference等）＋when/where/which/whether等从句。如：1）Does___matterifhecan'tfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it2）Theyareallclassmates．___isnowonder___theyshouldhelpeachotherwiththeirstudies．（上海98）A．This；whetherB．It；ifC．That；thatD．It；that8、S.+v.it+adj./n./+不定式或从句。常用于这一句型的动词有find,consider,feel,make,think等。如：1）…hefounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.2）Iwanttomakeitclearwhethersheisstillatschool.3）IfeelitourdutytostudyEnglishwell.4）Idon'tthink___possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.(NMET90)A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it1.WasitBill,___playsfootballwell,___helpedtheblindmancrosstheroad.that/thatB.who/thatC.who/whoC.that/who

六、it用来引起强调句型解析Who引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰Bill;that指代被强调部分Bill.2.Itwasintheschool,___Ioncestudied,___weheldaparty.正是在我曾经就读的那所学校我们举行了一次聚会.where/thatB.inwhich/thatC.that/whereD.that/inwhich解析whereIoncestudied非限定性定语从句修饰school。3.Itwasinthe1990s,___greatchangesweretakingplaceinchina,___hemadealotofmoney.

正是在中国发生着巨大变化的二十世纪九十年代,他挣了大把的钞票.that/whenB.duringwhich/thatC.when/thatD.that/that解析强调部分inthe1990s后跟了一个非限定性定语从句。4.---Wheredidyoumeethim?---Itwasinthepark____hiswifeandhefirstmet.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.when这是个强调举行的省略句，完整句子是：ItwasintheparkwherehiswifeandhefirstmetthatImethim.解析4.---Doyoustillremember___youlostyourwallet?---Yeah.Itwasatthecrossing___Igotlost.wherewasit/thatB.wherewasit/thatC.Theplacewhere/whereD.whereitwasthat/where第一个空是强调句型用作宾语从句；第二空where引导定语从句，后边省略了thatlostmywallet.解析5.Itwasfiveo'clockintheafternoon___theyclimbeduptothetopofthemountain．A．sinceB．whenC．thatD．untilfiveo’clockintheafternoon不能独立作时间状语，不能作为一个强调部分；atfiveo’clock才可以构成独立的时间状语。解析6.----Canit__themanagerthattalkedtoyourbrother?----No.It___someoneelsethatspoketoyourbrother.be/musthavebeenB.havebeen/musthavebeenC.havebeen/mustbeD.be/mustbe

解析这是强调句型表示判断的用法，对过去情况推测、判断。1._____intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.

A.WhatisrequiredB.Whatrequires

C.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires(2005上海)

综合练习解析It在此作形式主语，实际宾语为thatyoushould….2.Catherineboughtapostcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting,addressed____

to_____andthenposteditatthenearbypostoffice.(2006安徽)

A.it;herB.it;herselfC.herself;herD.herself;herself

addressedittoherself,it代指thepostcard;意思是“在明信片上写上自己的地址寄给她自己。解析3.AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade_____herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople'saffairsinthattown.

A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it(2006湖南)

解析It为形式宾语，指代不定式tolookafteralltheotherpeople’saffairsinthattown.4.___isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.(2006浙江)

A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.It

解析It形式主语指代thatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,…5.I'dappreciate_____ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.

A.thatB.itC.thisD.you(2006山东)解析It为形式宾语，指代ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.6.Idon‘tlikeworkinglateintothenight，butIcan’thelp_____.A.soB.thatC.itD.them.解析Icanhelpit.为习惯用法，意思是“我实在控制不住”，“这不能怪我”。全句意思是“我不想熬夜，但我控制不住自己。

7.IpreferaflatinInvernessto_______inPerth,becauseIwanttolivenearmyMom's.

A.oneB.thatC.itD.this(2005天津)

One不定代词，指代aflatinPerth。全句的意思是：我更在Inverness有一套房子，而不是在Perth，因为我想住在我妈妈附近。解析8.We'vebeenlookingathousesbuthaven'tfound____welikeyet.

A.oneB.onesC.itD.what

解析考查不定代词的用法。one指代ahouse;whatwelike我们喜欢的东西，指房子。9.Thedoctoradvisedstronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but____didn'thelp.

A.itB.sheC.whichD.heIt指代前文中的事情。解析10.Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems–infactfarmoreserious_____thanmobilephonesdo.

A.oneB.onesC.itD.those

解析Ones指的是前边的problems,farmoreseriousonesthanmobilephonesdo是前边healthproblems的同位语,对healthproblems进行补充说明。11.Iintendedtocomparenoteswithafriend,butunfortunately______couldn't

sparemeevenoneminute.

A.theyB.oneC.whoD.it从句子结构上，可排除选项C；从代词的意义上可排除D；根据前半句的意思，句中的afriend指任意一个朋友，可理解为afriend0fmine．而后半句意指“我”这些朋友们，为复数。解析12.Ilike____in