2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记模拟题

Howtheotherthree-quartersCertainlytheBritainbeyondLondonandthesouth-eastthatMrsMaywantstoconquer—callittheMayanEmpire—islesseconomicallyadvanced.IfitwereacountryitwouldbeaboutasrichasSpain,withaGDPper one-tenthbelowtheEUaverage.Somepartsarealotworseoff.OntheIsleofAnglesey,inWales, eper 57%oftheEUaverage,lowerthanmostofSicily.ThegapbetweentherichestandpoorestpartsofBritainisgreaterthaninanyotherEUcountry;London’sGDPperis186%oftheEuropeanThefamiliarphenomenonofa“northsouthdivide”isthusaliveandkicking.Butdigintothedataandapuzzleemerges.TheMayanEmpire’sGDPgrowthmaybesluggish,butinrecentyearsthelotofitspeoplehasbeenimprovingfasterthanthatofpeopleinLondonandthesouth-east.Howeveryoumeasurepay—hourly,weeklyorannual,meanormedian—since2009thatoftheMayanshasgrownfasterincashtermsthanthepayofthoseintheLondonregion,incontrasttopre-crisistrends.Afterhousingcosts,Mayans’medianrealhousehold eshaveheldsteadysince2008,comparedwitha6%fallinLondon.Indeed,afterhousingcoststhe esofworking-agefolkarenowhigherinScotlandandtheeastofEnglandthantheyareinLondon.TherearemanyreasonsforMayans’relativelystrongwagegrowth.Theymayhaveexperiencedalightersqueezeonpaybecausetheytendtobeolder,andsohavemoreexperienceandbargainingpowerthanothers,pointsoutStephenClarkeoftheResolutionFoundation,athink- .Aboutone-quarterofemployeesareunionised,comparedwithone-fifthinLondonandthesouth-east.AndMayanshavebeenprotectedbytheirrelianceonpublic-sectorjobs.Sincethecrisis,publicsectorpayhasgrownfasterthanprivate.Themostintriguingexplanationforrelativelystrongpaygrowthoutsidethecapitalconcernstechnology.InarecentspeechAndrewHaldaneoftheBankofEnglandexaminedtheeffectofautomationonwages.Asmachineshavereplacedmenandwomenacrossagrowingnumberoftasks,hesuggested,thebalanceofbargainingpowerhasswungagainstlabour,especiallylow-skilledworkers.WagegrowthcanthusbeweakevenasGDPrises.ThatprocessmaybemostpronouncedinLondonandthesouth-east.Theregionbuzzeswithinnovation;investmentinnewtechnologiesishigh.Andbecauseofthesouth-east’smonstrouslyexpensivehousing,itishardtolocatelow-value-addedactivitiesthere.Secretarialandadministrativejobsintheregionaredisappearing50%fasterthanelsewhere.Thesetrendsmaynotcontinueforlong.Public-sectorjobscouldbecut.Laboursavingtechnologymaysoonsweepacrossthecountry.Still,commonmisconceptionsabouttheBritisheconomyoutsideLondonandthesouth-eastneedsettingstraight.Outputislower,andgrowingslower,beyondthecapital.Butthe esofthethree-quartersofBritonswholivetherearecatchingupwiththoseofLondoners—andinafewplacesarealreadyWhatcanbeinferredinthefirstMayanEmpireisthethenewnameforBritianafterMaytookMayanEmpire’ssizeissimilartothatofSpain’sGDPisone-tenthbelowtheEULondon’sGDP isalmosttwiceofthatoftheEuropeanWhatisthemeaningof“sluggish”inthesecondWhatcanbeinferredinParagraphTheMayanshavemoreexperiencebecausetheyareolderthanTheseniorswon’tsufferfrompayTheproportionofunionisedemployeesinLondonislargerthanthatoftheMayanTheMayanshavebeenprotectedbytheirself-AccordingtoAndrew thebalanceofbargainingpowerusedtobeforthelow-skilledmachineshavereplacedmentodotheheavydutymachinesareproducinganincreasingnumberofThethree-quartersof arethosewhoarericherthantheusedtobelookeddownuponbythemaynotsucceedincatchingupwiththesomeofwhommayhavestartledthe内容概本文选自2016年9月17日的theEconomist《》，原文标题为Howtheotherthree-quarterslive（其余四分之三的人如何生活。文章开头从新首相想要征服的““国”赶超伦敦的速度将越来越快。各段大第一段：梅想要征服的“国”的经济状况第二段：近年来这些地区的人们的际遇比伦敦和东南地区的人们改善得快。。K12A选项（国是后英国得到的新名字，根据“MayanEmpire”定位到首段1句“CertainlytheBritainbeyondLondonandthesouth-eastthatMrsMaywantstoconquer—callittheMayanEmpire—islesseconomicallyadvanced.（当然想要征服的伦敦以外的（国的面积和西班牙相当，根据Spain定位到首段2句“IfitwereacountryitwouldbeaboutasrichasSpain,withaGDPper one-tenthbelowtheEUaverag.Someparsareaotorseoff.（如果组成一个国家，贫富程度会和西班牙差不多，人均GDP）可见，这里和西班牙相当的是富裕程度，而并不是面积，故排除。C选项（西班牙的GDP比欧盟平均水平低10%，这是一个强干扰项，根据Spain定位到首段2句“IfitwereacountyitwouldbeaboutasrichasSpain,withaGPper one-tnthbeowtheEUverge.Someparsareaotworseoff.”里的确说道和“国”贫富程度相当低西班牙“人均”GDP低于欧盟平均水平十分之一，然而，题设里没有人均二字，故这个选项是不确定的，也就是错误的，故排除。D选（伦敦的人均GDP几乎是欧洲平均水平的两倍，根据London定位到首段末句London’sGDPper is186%oftheEuropeanaverage.（伦敦的人均GDP是欧洲平均水平的特别说明：涉及到数字，统计的题设，一定要仔细依次比对每一个词语，例如本题的“perWhatisthemeaningof“sluggish”inthesecondK1根据sluggish定位到二段3句TheMayanEmpire’sGDPgrowthmaybesluggish,butinrecentyearsthelotofitspeoplehasbeenimprovingfasterthanthatofpeopleinLondoneast“K2“很快”是正面表达，而but又是一个转折词，所以前面应该填入的是一个意义词汇，（强壮）K3排除B选项和C项是的，而句后句么““”GDP增长可疑要能转”的GP长能绝”故除B，C选项。特别注意：词汇题在“代入排除时”，一方面考虑句子本身是否通顺，一方面还考虑与上下文是否一致。WhatcanbeinferredinParagraphTheMayanshavemoreexperiencebecausetheyareolderthanTheseniorswon’tsufferfrompayTheproportionofunionisedemployeesinLondonislargerthanthatoftheMayanTheMayanshavebeenprotectedbytheirself-K12A选项（国的人更有经验，因为他们更大），根据older定位到三段2句Theymayhaveexperiencedalightersqueezeonpaybecausetheytendtobeolder,andsohavemoreexperienceandbargainingpowerthanothers,pointsoutStephenClarkeoftheResolutionFoundation,athink-.（智囊机构决议的·，他们往往年纪较，havemoreexperiencebecausetheyareolderthanothersbecausetheytendtobeolder,andsohavemoreexperience是同义替换，故正确。B选项（较大的人不会遭遇薪酬缩水）pay定位到三段2Theymayhaveexperiencedalightersqueezeonpaybecausetheytendtobeolder,andsohavemoreexperienceandbargainingpowerthanothers,pointsoutStephenClarkeoftheResolutionFoundation,athink-.（智囊机构决议的酬缩水更为轻微原文“年纪较大经历的薪酬缩水更为轻微”，因此错误，故排除。C选项（伦敦地区参加工会员工的比率比国地区的高），根据unionisedemployees定3Aboutone-quarterofemployeesareunionised,comparedwithone-fifthinLondonandthesouth-east.（约有四分之一的员工是工会成员，而伦敦和东南地区仅有五分之一）可见，伦敦地区的更低，故排除。D选项（国人通过靠自己来获得保护根protected定位到三段4AndMayanshavebeenprotectedbytheirrelianceon特别注意：如果选项的主语，宾语没有任何的修饰成分（例如本题B选项的seniors，该选项会显得笼统而绝对化，即使再接近原文也要三思（Thinktwice。AccordingtoAndrew thebalanceofbargainingpowerusedtobeforthelow-skilledmachineshavereplacedmentodotheheavydutymachinesareproducinganincreasingnumberofK1AndrewHaldane3Asmachineshavereplacedmenandwomenacrossagrowingnumberoftasks,hesuggested,thebalanceofbargainingpowerhasswungagainstlabour,especiallylow-skilledworkers.（他认为，由于机器取代人类完成越来越多K2替换A选项（议价能力的平衡曾经向低技术工人的方向倾斜，对比原文balanceofbargainingpowerhasswungagainstlabour,especiallylow-skilledworkers（议价能力的平衡已经不再向有利于劳动力（尤其是低技术工人）的方向倾斜。解题关键点在于swung（swing）一词，字典解释：Ifsomethingswingsorifyouswingititmovesrepeatedlybackwardsandforwardsorfromsidetosidefromafixedpoint.所以这里可以推断，议价能力的平衡曾经向低技术工人的方向倾斜，A选项正确。B选项（低技术工人需要通过学习再充电，对比原文，只是说会对低技术工人不利，还没有提到要求其充电，这是典型的过度推测。C选项（机器可以替代做重体力工作，对比原文，没有相关描述，故排除。D选项（机器制造出越来越多的任务），对比原文（机器取代人类完成越来越多的任务，可见，机器没有制造特别说明：swing的特殊含义，是解题要点。在准备考研过程中，不认识的词，要查词典，认识的词，更要查词典。因为常常有你不熟悉的义项：blue天空，disk椎间盘，school鱼群，学派……Thethree-quartersof arethosewhoarericherthantheusedtobelookeddownuponbythemaynotsucceedincatchingupwiththesomeofwhommayhavestartledtheK1由three-quartersofBritons定位到末段末句Butthe esofthethree-quartersofBritonswholivetherearecatchingupwiththoseofLondoners—andinafewplacesarealreadyahead.（首都之外的地区输出更低，增长速度更慢。但那儿的四分之三的英K2A选项（这四分之三的英国人比伦敦人有钱，