常用词的用法4

UnitFourdamage,dance,danger,dare,date,deal,dear,death,debate,debt,decide,declare,decorate,decrease,defend,delay,demand,deny,depend,describe,design,desire,despite,destroy,detail,determine,develop,devote,die,diet,differ,difference,different,difficulty,direction,disappoint,discover,dissolve,distance,distinguish,disturb,divide,do,double,doubt,dozen,dream,dress,drive,drop.damage

damage毁坏、损害。短语：cause/dodamageto对……有损害；bebadlydamagedby遭受严重损害；比较：damage指伤害人或物，使其失去价值、用途或外表，含有对价值或效果造成的损失。如：Thecropswerebadlydamagedbythefloods.harm指物质、精神或肉体上的损害，强调痛苦和损失的影响。如：Theworkershavetheirhearingharmedbythenoiseofthemachines.injure无论是肉体、心灵上，还是价值、名誉的损失都可用。如：Heinjuredanarminacaraccident.①Hishousewasslightly___inthisflood.A.ruinedB.destroyedC.damagedD.broken②Hisselfishnessandgreedinessatlastbroughthimto___.A.ruinsB.ruinC.damageD.damages③Hisbikewassobadly___thatitcouldn’tberepairedatall.A.destroyedB.ruinedC.damagedD.damaging④Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart?___.A.TheyweredestroyedintheearthquakeB.TheearthquakewasdestroyingthemC.TheydestroyedintheearthquakeD.Theearthquakedestroyedthem⑤Atrafficaccidenthappenedandagreatmanypeoplewere___.A.destroyedB.injuredC.harmedD.damagedCCBBAdanger

danger危险。反义词safe短语：beindangerof有……的危险；makeadangerof认为……难办；Thereisdangerthatwewillbemisunderstood我们有被误解的危险；Thereisdangerofhisseeingus/inhisseeingus我们很可能被他看见/他看见我们就会有危险；bedangeroustodosomething做某事有危险；比较：indanger在危险中、处境危险，指某人（物）处于危险状态下；dangerous指某人（物、事）是“危险的”，即可给他人（物）造成或带来危险。indangerof有……的危险；outofdanger脱离危险；①ItappearedthatTomwas___losinghislife,butluckilyhewas___intheend.A.inthedangerof;outofthedangerB.indanger;outofdangerC.indangerof;outofdangerD.indangerof;outofthedanger②It’sbettertokeepalittleforthenight___need.A.indangerofB.infaceofC.inthewayofD.incaseof③Thinice!___!A.DangerB.AdangerC.DangersD.Thedanger④Jackisnow___danger.Let’shelphimout.A.atB.inC.outofD.withCDABdare

dare敢、敢于。短语：Idaresay我揣测、我想；Idareyoutodosomething我量你不敢做某事；Iwonderwhetherhedaretry我不知道他是否敢试；用法：（1）dare后跟带to的不定式，若用于否定句、疑问句，to可省略，尤其当主语是I时。dare作情态动词，后跟动词原形，多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中；dare作分词用时，to不可省；daren’t可表示现在、过去或将来。（2）Idaresay在我看来、可能、也许(侧重不肯定)；Idaretosay我敢说(侧重肯定)；Idareyoutodosomething是小孩用来激对方去做使人害怕的事，意为“我谅你不敢做某事”；(Don’t)youdare!你敢，叫别人不要去做不该做的事；Idaresay我想、我认为；Howdareyou?放肆，表示愤慨时使用的感叹句；①He___gooutaloneatnight.A.daresnotB.daresnottoC.darenotD.darenotto②___stopthemwhentheyarequarreling?A.DoyoudareB.DoyoudaretoC.DareyoutoD.Daredyou③Hwdaredtoclimbthetalltree,___?A.daren’theB.didheC.didn’theD.daredhe④Iwonderhowhe___thattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsayCCBDdate

date日期。短语：datebackto/from始于(属于某一历史时期)、可追溯到；datetheletter在信上写日期；datesomething确定某物的年代；todate至今、到现在；atanearlydate日内；outofdate过时；thedateofbirth出生日期；uptodate直到现在的、最新式的；makeadatetodosomething相约做某事；比较：（1）dateback(to)和datefrom都有“追溯到、从……就开始有”的意思。如：Thecustomdatesfromancienttimes./Thecastledatesbacktothefourteenthcentury.datefor意为“与……约会”。如：I’lldateMaryforthedance.(2)、date是指具体的日期，一般用单数。如：Hecan’trememberthedateofthatbattle.day泛指日子。如：He’llneverforgetthedaywhenwedeparted.在疑问句中，date问的是几月几号，day问的是星期几，day可指天气，date不可。①Weweretoldthatthestonefigure___backtothe16thcenturywasofgreatvalue.A.datedB.datingC.comingD.kept②Thecastle___the14thcentury.A.datesbackB.datedbacktoC.datesfromD.datedfrom③Theseoldbuildingspossibly___theMingPeriod.A.aredatedbacktoB.datefromC.aredatedfromD.dateBBCdeal

deal分配、分派、处理、应付、量、数额。短语：dealinrice/tea做米(茶)生意；agreat/good(不可省)deal(of)很多；dealoutsomethingtosomebody把某物分发给某人；Dealwithamanashedealswithyou以其人之道，还治其人之身；用法：dealwith处理、论述，其功能相当于一个及物动词，在问句中要和how连用，可用于被动语态。如：Howdidyoudealwiththeproblem?dowith应付、对付，在问句中，要与what连用，what与do是动宾关系，不能用于被动语态。如：Whatdidyoudowiththeproblem?①He___theproblem___wecoulddealwithpollutioneffectivelyandquicklyattheconference.A.didwith;whatB.dealtwith;howC.dealtwith;whatD.didwith;how②ProfessorYangisworkingonabook___thewarbetweenAmericaandIraq.A.dealtinB.dealtwithC.refertoD.dealingwith③Youshouldlearn___withpeoplearoundyou.A.whattodealB.howtodealC.howaboutdealingD.whataboutdealing④Thenursehasgreattrouble___suchnaughtychildren.A.indealingwithB.dealingC.todealwithD.beingdealtwith⑤500yuan,butthat’smylastoffer.Well,that’sagreat___.A.muchB.dealC.quantityD.numberBBBDA⑥Willyoupleaseshowme___todonext?Well,we’llhavetoconsider___todealwiththepollutedrivernearbyourvillage.A.what;whatB.how;howC.what;howD.how;what⑦Theproblemof___becomeaseriousone.A.dealingwithwasteplasticshaveB.dealwithwasteplasticshasC.dealingwithwasteplasticshasD.todealwithwasteplasticshas⑧Thewriterisworkingonabook___thehistoryofsocialdevelopment.A.dealtinB.dealtwithC.dealinginD.dealingwith⑨ThisisthefirstproblemthatIhaveto___.A.dowithB.dealwithC.takeinterestD.workon⑩LastsummerItookacourseon___poisonousgases.A.howtodealwithB.whattodealwithC.howtobedealtwithD.whattobedealtwithCCDBAdear

dear昂贵的、高价的、亲爱的。短语：somebody’sdearesthope某人心底的愿望；holdsomebody/somethingdear重视(宠爱)某人(物)；bedeartosomebody对某人亲密；用法：(1)、mydear/dearme/oh,dear/goodheavens哎呀、天啦(表示焦急、惊奇、伤心等)，mydear也可用于友好地称呼别人，以示亲切。(2)、dear=highinprice,不能与price连用；一个价值千元的金表如卖千元，不能说dear，只能说expensive。一斤苹果通常卖一元，如卖一元五，就是dear。比较：dear常用来表示东西的价格太贵，带有不值这么多钱的含义，是物价超过常情的贵。如：Thisclothistoodear.expensive昂贵，指大大超出物质本身的价值或超出人们的购买力，常用于昂贵的东西，可与dear通用，但语气和程度dear不及expensive。如：Thenecklaceistooexpensiveformetobuy.①Atthepresenttime,thecarofeverykindisn’t___,andmanyconsumerswanttobuy___.A.high;oneB.dear;itC.high;itD.dear;one②Helosteverythingthatwas___tohim.A.expensiveB.valueC.dearD.highDCdeath

death死。短语：putsomebodytodeath处死某人；meethisdeathfromcancer患癌症而死；sentencesomebodytodeath判处某人死刑；thedeathofone’shope希望的毁灭；on/uponthedeathof在某人死时（后）；①Thestormsdidalotof___andcausedsome___.A.damage;deathB.damages;deathsC.damage;deathsD.damages;death②Accordingtothenewspaper,themurderer___todeath3daysago.A.hadsentencedB.wouldbesentencedC.sentencedD.wassentencedCDdebate

debate辩论、讨论。短语：debatewithsomebodyupon/aboutsomething与某人辩论某事；debatesb与某人辩论；debateaboutsth争论某事；adebatewithsb与某人的一场辩论；①Afteralong___thebillwaspassedbytheHouseoftheCommons.A.argueB.debateC.discussD.quarrel②The2sidesdebated___eachother___whowasthebetterforadayA.to;toB.with;aboutC.over;onD.between;inBBdebt

debt债务、欠款。短语：get/runintodebt=indebt负债；indebttosomebody/insomebody’sdebt欠某人的债、受某人的恩惠；(get)outofdebt还清债务(以上三者debt前不用限定词)；oweadebttosomebody欠某人的债；Afterthemerchant’sshipswerealllostatsea,hewas___.A.heavyindebtB.inheavydebtsC.heavyindebtsD.inheavydebtDdecide

decide下决心、决定、断定。反义词短语和句型：decidefor/infavorof做出对……有利的决定；decideon/uponaplan决定计划；1)、decideanewplan；2)、decidewhethertogoatonce；3)、decideondoingsomething决定做某事；4)、decide(not)togo/on(upon)going决定(不)去；5)、Ithasbeendecidedthat…已决定……；6)、decideagainstdoingsomething决定不做某事；7)、Wecan’tdecidewhoshouldopenitfirst.用法：(1)、decide+that从句，意为“断定、肯定”时，从句用陈述语气；意为“决定、决意”时，从句用虚拟语气。(2)、decide可跟带连接代词、连接副词加不定式。如：decidehowtodoit；类似的词有：ask,consider,explain,findout,know,show,tell,wonder,teach,learn,discuss,forget等。常用的疑问词有：what,who,whom,when,how,where,whether,which等，其结构相当于一个宾语从句，也可在句中做主语、表语。(3)、decide不跟带不定式的复合结构，不说：decidehimtodoit,要改为decide+that从句。比较：decide通常指经过考虑或商议后做出决定。如：Haveyoudecidedwhattotakewithyou?determine指对某些具体细节进一步加以确定，有“决定后坚持下去”的含义。如：Wearedeterminedtocatchupwiththeadvancedcountries.makeupone’smind指打定主意，与“迟疑、动摇”等相对。如：Hehasmadeuphismindthatheshouldworkmore.settle表示澄清了事实，解除了疑问之后的最后决定。如：settlethetriptotheGreatWall①ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureonthewesternculture,butwhenandwhere___yet.A.hasn’tbeendecidedB.haven’tdecidedC.isn’tbeingdecidedD.aren’tdecided②Heis___tocarryouthisplanforlanguagestudy.A.determinedB.decidedC.decisionD.decideonAAdeclare

declare声明、断定、宣布。短语和句型：declarefor/againstsomething表态支持(反对)某事；Hedeclaredthatitwastrue/declaredittobetrue(复合结构)断定那是真实的；Hedeclaredhimself(tobe)satisfied他表示自己满意；declarewaron/against向……宣战；1)、declaremyopinion发表我的看法；2)、declaresomebody(tobe)innocent宣布某人无罪；3)、Hedeclaredthatthemeetinghadbeenpostponed.用法：declare的宾语可以是名词、代词、宾语从句，不接不定式。如：Hedeclaredtofinishthework要改为：thathecouldfinishthework；Thechairmandeclaredthemeeting___intheend.A.closedB.openingC.closingD.openAdecorate

decorate装饰、修饰。短语：Thehallisdecoratedwithredflags礼堂里悬挂着红旗；decorate…withsth用某物装饰……；①Inthewesterncountries,peopleliketodecoratetheirhouses___holly___Christmas.A.with;inB.with;onC.with;atD.about;at②Allthestreetswere___withflagstowelcometheChinesedelegation.A.furnishedB.decoratedC.suppliedD.providedCBdecrease

decreasen.减少,减少之量;v.减少;短语：beonthedecrease在减少；decreaseto50减少到五十；decreaseby减少了；比较：decrease“缩短、减少、减小”，指速度、体积的减小和数量、价值等的减少；reduce“减少、降低”，指物体在大小、外观上的减少和价格的降低。配套练习：①Thereisnodenyingthefactthatasonegrowsolderone’smemory___.A.refusesB.declinesC.decreasesD.falls②Givingupsmoking___theriskofheartdisease,soyou’dbetterfollowthedoctor’sadviceand___smokingassoonaspossible.A.increases;kickB.reduces;giveupC.reduces;getridofD.decrease;giveinBCdefend

defend保卫。短语：defendsomebodyfrom/againstharm保护某人使其不受伤害；defendsomebody为某人辩护；defendoneself自卫；比较：defend防御、保卫，指抵御或击退外来的威胁、攻击。如：Wtect保护、防止(危险、损害等)，指采取保护措施，使之不受伤害或损伤，可用于防御风雨、寒冷烈日、疾病或保护经济、法律、权益等。如：Wemustprotectthelivesandpropertyofthepeople.guard指小心看守以保安全。如：Wemusttakemeasurestoguardthecropsagainstfrostandsnow.①ThePLAmenwere___thecityagainsttheattacksfromtheair.A.defendingB.guardingC.preventingD.protecting②Wemustalwaysbealreadyto___ourcountry___aggression(侵略).A.protect;fromB.guard;againstC.defend;againstD.prevent;fromACdelay

delay推迟、耽搁。短语和句型：nodelay刻不容缓；withoutdelay立刻；1)、Thebadweatherdelayedtheplane坏天气耽搁了飞机起飞；2)、delay(in)doingsomething迟迟末做某事(也可接不定式)；比较：delay常表示由于外界原因而推延，也表示有意推延。如：Thetrainwasdelayedthreehoursbecauseoftheheavysnow.putoff指有安排的推延，常说明推延到什么时候。如：Themeetingwasputoff.配套练习：①Thegovernmentisaccusedofusing___tactics(战术).A.delayB.delayingC.delayedD.beingdelayed②Excusemeformy___yourletter.A.delayansweringB.delayingtoanswerC.delayinansweringD.delayinginansweringBCdemand

demand要求、需要。短语和句型：Theproblemdemandslookinginto问题需要调查；demandananswerof/fromsomebody要某人答复；makestrictdemandsononeself严格要求自己；beingreatdemand需要量很大；meetthedemandofthepeople满足人民的需要；ondemand一经请求；Thereisagreatdemandforsomething某物需要量很大；1)、demandskillandcare需要技术和细心；2)、demandtodosomething要求做某事；3)、demandofsomebodytodosomething/that从句(用虚拟语气)，要求某人做某事；用法：demand后不能跟宾语补足语。如：demandhimtocome要改为that从句。demandansweringimmediately要改为：demandanimmediateanswer；比较：demand常用来指一个有权要求别人做某事的人，坚持要对方服从，不希望对方有相反的意见，口气较强硬。如：Hedemandedimmediatepayment/tobepaidimmediately.request指比较正式但仍有礼貌地提出要求，语气比demand弱得多。如：Visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.require和demand一样表示权威和坚持，不同之处在于它强调需要，表示因需要而要求，是期待服从的要求。如：Theworkrequirespatience.want要、想要，表示主观上的需要。如：Iwantabottleofmilk.wouldlike/shouldlike想要，语气委婉的说法。如：Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?need需要，表示客观上的需要。如：Thehouseneedspainting.ask通常表示在感到其要求可能得到满足的情况下提出要求。如：Sheaskedhermothertotellherastory.beg表示一再恳切地提出要求。如：Theblackbeggedthewhitedoctorstohavepityonhischild.①Atthe___ofhisfollowers,heagreedtoremaininoffice.A.suggestionB.requestC.requirementD.demand②IdemandthatJohn___thereatonce.A.goesB.wentC.goD.togo③I___youalltobeseated.A.askB.begC.demandD.requestBCDdeny

deny否定、否认、拒绝。用法：deny后接名词、从句、动名词，不接不定式。如：denybreakingthewindow否认打破了窗户①Hedenied___mehe___me!A.telling;toldB.telling;hadtoldC.totell;toldD.totell;hadtold②He___hiscountryandhisprinciples!A.hasdenyedB.wasdeniedC.hasdeniedD.wasdenyedBCdepend

depend依靠。短语：dependonsomebodytodosomething指望某人做某事；dependonhertobelate/dependonherarrivingontime别指望她不迟到；dependuponit毫无疑问、没错；Heisthemantobedependedupon他这人靠得住；It(all)depends…靠……决定(on可省)；用法：(1)、dependon后可接连接副词引导的从句，不能用if，而要用whether引导。意为“依……而定”。如：Thisdependsonwhetherthemedicineiseffective.(2)、dependon/upon和relyon/upon不直接接从句，若要接从句这个从句要放在it之后。如:Idependuponitthathewillwanttocome.①Idon’tthinkheistherightperson___.A.todependonB.thatIcandependC.IcandependonD.tobedepended②Youmaydepend___itwon’thappenagain.A.thatB.onthatC.onitD.onitthat③Wouldyoucomeoverforsupperthisevening?I’dliketo,but___.A.I’llneverknowB.italldependsC.thatdependsonD.mymotherwon’tpromisemeto④I’mplanningtoholdapartyintheopenair,butIcanmakenoguaranteesbecauseit___theweather.A.linkswithB.dependsonC.connectstoD.decideson⑤IpromiseIwillgoshoppingwithyoutomorrow.Youcan___.A.dependB.believeC.dependonmeD.bedependedCCDBBdescribe

describe描写、描述。短语：describeoneselfasadoctor自称为医生；describesomethingtosomebody向某人描述某事；①Noonecan___himself___genius.A.describe;asB.describe;asaC.describe;withD.describe;witha②Howdoyoufindthefilm?It’sgreatbeyond___.A.describeB.descriptionC.reachD.descriptiveBBdesign

design计划、设计、绘制。短语：designdoingsomething/todosomething打算做某事；makedesignsforsomething/designsomething设计某物；carryoutadesign实行一项计划；bydesign故意地、蓄意地；designer设计者、制图者；①Doyouknowwhomthebridgewas___.A.designedB.designedbyC.designingD.designingby②Whetherbyaccidentor___,hearrivedtoolatetohelpus.A.purposeB.aimC.designD.chanceBCdesire

desire:愿望、心愿、希望、欲望、请求。短语和句型：haveadesiretodosomething渴望做某事；atone’sdesire按某人的要求；adesireforsomething某事的愿望；1)、desiretodosomething想做某事；2)、desiresomebodytodosomething要求某人做某事；3)、desirehappinessandhealth渴望得到幸福和健康；4)、Hedesiresthathisjobbechanged他很想调换工作；5)、Itisdesiredthatthisruleshallbebroughttotheattention.6)、Hespokeabouthiscountry’sdesirethatfriendlyrelationshouldbeestablished.用法：desire=wantverymuch非常想；=wishearnestlyfor急切希望；=requestformally正式要求。比较：desire表示主观上为享受或满足而想得到某物或想达到某一目的的强烈愿望，显示出热忱和积极，同时还兼有需要努力争取才能得到或达到的意味，修饰上庄严或正式。如：Wealwaysdesiretoliveinpeacewithourneighbours.expect表示认为客观上有一定根据、肯定性，已达到做好准备的程度，预料、预计或希望某事可能发生或到来，相信某种行为或感情即将发生或到来。如：TheyexpectedtofinishtheworkbyFriday.hope表示主观上深信，对可实现性抱有一定信心，着重期待，有时表示肯定某人所期待或盼望的事必将发生。如：Ihopetomeetyousoon.long表示一心一意想得到某物，词义强烈，表示对目前不存在的或难以实现但将来有可能的愿望念念不忘，常常含有持续的急切的意味，常与for连用。如：Peoplelongforpeace.want表示因缺乏而需要，侧重可获得。如：Thehousewantsrepairing.wish1)、希望、想要，强调主语的主观愿望，其愿望的实现性较大，后接不定式或带不定式的复合结构作宾语。2)、但愿，表示向往得到的事物或难以实现的愿望，后接从句，动词用虚拟语气。如：Wewish(that)hecouldcome.lookforwardto盼望、期待，表示以焦急的、愉快的、满足的心情期待某一事件或某一事态的发展及其热切要求或向往的事物。如：Thechildrenarelookingforwardtotheholidays.①Wedesirethatimmediatehelp___tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.A.begivenB.willbegivenC.shouldgiveD.isgiven②Tom’sbrotheristooselfishaman,whomwecan’t___tolendusahand.A.desireB.makeC.hopeD.suggest③Theteacherdesiredthatthestudents___theirexercisesbeforeschoolwasover.A.shouldhandB.handedinC.shouldhandinD.shouldbehandedin④Alltheparents___moreeducationfortheirchildren.A.hopeB.desireC.wishD.give⑤Theyoungmanworksveryhardfroma(n)___tobecomerich.A.needB.requestC.ideaD.desire⑥I___youapleasantjourney.A.desireB.expectC.hopeD.wish⑦HowI___agoldwatch!A.wishforB.longingforC.hopeforD.wishingforAACCBDDdespite

despite不管、尽管、任凭。短语：(in)despite(of)=inspiteof不管、尽管、任凭；用法：inspiteof尽管、虽然，后可跟名词、代词或名词性词组，作让步状语，常可与(in)despiteof互换，前者语气较强，后者较正式。如：IwillgotoShanghai,despite/inspiteofyourobjections.Heremainedmodest___hisgreatachievement.A.despiteofB.despiteC.inspiteD.inthespiteofBdestroy

destroy破坏、毁坏、分裂。反义词organize短语：destroytheoldworldandbuildthenewone破坏旧世界建设新世界；比较：damage指伤害人或物，使其失去价值、用途或外表，含有对价值或效果造成的损失。如：Thecropswerebadlydamagedbythefloods.harm指物质、精神或肉体上的损害，强调痛苦和损失的影响。如：Theworkershavetheirhearingharmedbythenoiseofthemachines.injure无论是肉体、心灵上，还是价值、名誉的损失都可用。如：Heinjuredanarminacaraccident.destroy彻底毁坏，不能修复使用，有毁灭的意思。ruin破坏、毁坏，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。①Anearthquakestruckthisarea,___alotofdamage.A.makingB.causingC.doneD.caused②Hisselfishnessandgreedinessatlastbroughthimto___.A.ruinsB.ruinC.damageD.damages③Hishousewasslightly___inthisflood.A.ruinedB.destroyedC.damagedD.broken④Thehousewhich___inthefirelastyear___.A.destroyed;wasbelongedtomeB.destroyed;belongtoIC.wasdestroyed;belongedtomineD.wasdestroyed;belongedtome⑤Hiscamerawas___byhisson.Hehadtohaveitrepairedatonce.A.hurtB.woundC.destroyedD.damaged⑥Hisbikewassobadly___thatitcouldn’tberepairedatall.A.destroyedB.ruinedC.damagedD.damagingBBCCDDdetail

detail详细短语：indetail详细地；detailsomethingtosomebody详细地把某事告诉某人；gointodetail/details叙述详情；配套练习：用detail的适当短语填空：①Editingrequiresgreat_____________.②Studythecontract____________beforesigning.③For______________,contactthepersonneldepartment.attentiontodetailindetailfurtherdetailsdetermine

determine决定、决心。短语和句型：1)、determineonanearlystart决定早出发；2)、determine/bedetermined/decide/makeupone’smindtodosomething决定做某事；3)、determinewheretogo决定去哪儿；4)、Wehavedeterminedthatoursonhaveagoodeducation.5)、Hisadvicedeterminedmetodrinkandsmokenomore.6)、Hehadbeendeterminedthatnooneshouldknow.用法：(1)、determine接不定式、从句及介词on,upon引起的短语。如：Hedeterminedtogo/thathewouldgo/ongoing.(2)、determine接从句，常用虚拟语气形式，should表示强迫、必须、主观意愿等。如：Hedeterminedthatweshouldstay.(3)、determine作状语表示伴随情况，要用过去分词。如：Ilefttheplace,determinednevertocomebackagain.(4)、作定语用determined。如：Sheisaverydeterminedwoman.(5)、determine是短暂动词，不能与表示时段的状语连用，bedetermined则可。如：Shedetermined(wasdetermined)todoitforalongtime.determination决心。短语：havethedeterminationtodosomething/ofdoingsomething有做某事的决心；cometoadetermination(todosomething)下定决心；用法：one’s/thedetermination后的定语可用不定式，也可用of加动名词；determination后可跟that从句(同位语)，从句用虚拟语气。配套练习：①Thedoctor’slecture___menottodrinkandsmokeanymore.A.decidedB.determinedC.madeD.attracted②Ilefttheplace,___nevertogobackagain.A.determiningB.beingdeterminedC.wasdeterminedD.determinedBDdevelop

develop发展、开发、冲洗(照片)。短语：adeveloped/developingcountry一个发达(发展中)国家；developintoadoctor成为一个医生；developaninterestin对……产生兴趣；developacough患咳嗽；developthehabitof养成……的习惯；withthedevelopmentof随着……的发展；①China,___,shouldspeedupitsdevelopmentofeconomy.A.isadevelopingcountryB.asadevelopedcountryC.whichisadevelopingcountryD.belongingtoadevelopingcountry②___intoagreatport,Dalianplaysanimportantpartinthe___oftheprovince.A.Developed;developingB.Developing;developedC.Hasdevelopment;developD.Havingdeveloped;development③Chinaisa___countryanditmusttakein___technologyfrom___countriessuchasJapanandtheUSA.A.developing;advancing;developingB.developing;advanced;developedC.developed;advanced;developedD.developed;advancing;developing④They’retryingto___anewwayoffarming,withthepurposeofincreasingtheproductionofcrops.A.formB.developC.makeD.perform⑤Theless___countriesshouldbeequaltothe___onesininternationalaffairs.A.developing;developedB.developed;developedC.developed;developingD.developing;developing⑥Attentionmustbepaidto___scienceandtechnology.A.developB.developingC.developmentD.developedCDBBBBdevote

devote把……奉献、把……专用。短语：devoteoneselfto献身于、致力于；devoteattentionto专心于；bedevotedto贡献给、专心从事；devoteourlivestothecauseofteaching一辈子献身于教育事业；devoteeveryefforttofinishingthetaskontime全力以赴按时完成任务；用法：devoteto,lookforwardto,payattentionto,listento,stickto,objectto中的to是介词，不是不定式符号。①Stevehasdevotedallhislifeto___films,andKate,hiswife,isalso___tothedutyofherprofession.A.make;devotedB.making;devotingC.making;devotedD.make;devoting②Theretiredteacherwashighlyrespectedforhisdevotionto___Englishfor30years.A.teachB.havetaughtC.teachingD.havingtaught③Thereneverwasastudentmore___totheworkoftheStudents’UnionthanJoan.A.devotedB.devotingC.wasdevotedD.bedevotedCDAdie

die死、枯萎。短语：dieinpoverty死于贫穷；bedyingfor极想得到；bedyingtohaveadrink极想喝水、口渴得要命；diedown(炉火)渐熄、(骚动等)渐平息、(闹声)渐消失；dieaway渐弱；dieoff相继死去；dieout消失、灭亡；dieofhunger(cold,poison,illness,oldage,joy,grief,shame,adisease,thirst,sorrow,disappointment,love,afever,heat,boredom无聊)死于饥饿；diefromawound(lackoffood,anaccident,overwork,carelessness,drinking,anearthquake,brokenheart,snakebite,lossofblood,someunknowncause)死于受伤；用法：die是短暂动词，不能与表示一段的时间状语连用。它一般只指由于生病、负伤等原因造成的死亡，若指突然地横死需要强调外界因素时，则用tobekilled。(2)、dieof和diefrom后都可跟illness,cold,hunger,wound等。(3)、bedead后接介词of,with表示死亡的原因。比较：diefrom死于明显的客观灾难、伤害、事故等。如：Hediedfromachestwound.dieof死于专门的疾病及激烈的内在情绪。如：Incoldwintermanywildanimalsmaydieofhunger.dieby指死于暴力，刀或剑等凶器。如：Hediedbythesword/hanging.diefor表示为某种事业或目的而死。如：Hisbrotherdiedforhiscountry.diethrough表示因无人照顾和抚养而死的场合。如：diethroughneglect.diein表示在某种情况下致死的场合,如战事。如：Thesoldierdiedinthelastbattle.表示处绞刑而死的场合用dieon.diewith表示死于某种精神因素。如：Shediedwithdeepsorrow.①Ittookalongtimefortheexcitement___.A.tobedieddownB.dyingdownC.todiedownD.tobedeaddown②Withthedevelopmentofmodernsociety,sometraditionalcustomsaregradually___.A.dyingofB.dyingoutC.dyingdownD.dyingfrom③Wecan’tfigureoutwhyquiteanumberofinsects,birdsandanimals___.A.arediedoutB.hasdiedoffC.aredyingoutD.havedieddown④Hewas___inacaraccidentand___anoperationlater.A.wounded;diedfromB.injured;diedofC.hurt;diedofD.injured;diedfrom⑤The___soldiertoldushispastdaysbeforelonghe___.His___madeusverysad.A.dying;died;deathB.dying;death;diedC.dead;died;dyingD.died;dead;death⑥___thedeathofthelittleson,thenoblefamilyhad___.A.Upon;diedoutB.With;dieddownC.At;diedawayD.By;diedhard⑦Theplantinthisarea,whichdied___alongtimeago,istobe___fromotherplaces.A.off;grownB.out;takenC.away;shippedD.out;introducedCCBDDAA⑧Hewwas___inacaraccidentand___anoperationlater.A.wounded;diedfromB.injured;diedofC.hurt;diedofD.injured;diedfrom⑨The___soldiertoldushispastdaysbeforelonghe___.His___madeusverysad.A.dying;died;deathB.dying;death;diedC.dead;died;dyingD.died;dead;death⑩Ittookalongtimefortheexcitement___.A.tobedieddownB.dyingdownC.todiedownD.tobedeaddown⑾Withthedevelopmentofmodernsociety,sometraditionalcustomsaregradually___.A.dyingofB.dyingoutC.dyingdownD.dyingfrom⑿Wecan’tfigureoutwhyquiteanumberofinsects,birdsandanimals___.A.arediedoutB.hasdiedoffC.aredyingoutD.havedieddown⒀Nothingcouldbedonetosavethepatientandhe___fast.A.die