大学英语写作技巧与训练(图画写作技巧)

Approach1.CartoonWritingPractice

I.图画作文应试步骤与技巧1）仔细研读作文考试指令，搞清楚作文的具体要求。2）仔细观察分析画面，如人物表情、特征、周围的环境;找出图中事物之间的内在联系；充分发挥想像力，弄清画面的真正含义。图画作文可分为图片、漫画与照片等多种。此类作文大部分是一幅图，也会有多幅图出现的情况。如果出现两幅图，则很有可能是突显对比的情况。3）反复阅读所给关键词。图画上可能没有任何文字，也可能在上面出现了一句话，也可以单个人物说话或两个人物对话，也可能在图画外写了总结性话语（一般是非常重要的，应予译出）。从中悟出试题设计者要阐述的中心思想,从而构思出短文的内容。切忌把这些关键词丢在一边任意发挥。从2000年开始，考研大作文考查的一直都是图画作文，且多反映的是与人们日常生活相关的社会现象与问题，如文化教育、道德修养、家庭关系、自然环境等4）草拟提纲。根据情景的发展和已给出的关键词，综合考虑先写什么，后写什么，哪儿要重点写，哪儿要扼要阐述，分几段等。5）组织材料，丰富短文。提纲拟好后，利用“涌泉式思维(brainstorm)”将与话题有关的信息记录下来并细化归纳，写出一篇逻辑性强又紧扣画面文章。1.2图画类作文结构：“现象或问题——原因或利弊分析——解决办法”（基本是每年四六级必考段落内容）

a.描述图画(DescriptionoftheCartoon)

b.推导绘画者的意图(ImplicationoftheCartoon)

c.做出评论(CommentGiving)首先，开门见山但十分简练、准确地描述图画；其次，推导绘画者的意图。方法有二：此现象或问题的表现和此现象的危害（弊）与意义（利）或问题产生的原因（可把简单意图推导直接放到第一段描述图画之后，而在第二段中说原因）。最后，解决问题。包括提出建议、表明观点、展望未来等一种或多种形式并存。如果谈论的是好事，或者解释一下就结束，或者提出如何进一步发展的方法;不好的事情就要写出如何解决的办法。II.图画作文模板第一段

(1)

Asisvividlydepictedinthepicture,(描述图画)，(whichseemstobehumorousandridiculousbutthought-provokingonsecondthoughts）(2)

Themoststrikingfeaturethatimpressesmedeeplyis

(图画重点信息).

(3)

Thereisnodoubtthatitssymbolicmeaningsubtlyconveyedshouldbegivendeepconsideration.第二段(1)

Toaccountfortheabove-mentionedphenomenon,severalseriouseffectshavebeenputforward.(2)

Tobeginwith,

主题

notonlyresultsdoesharmtoourphysicalandmentalhealthbutalsoresultsinafrustratingandhumiliatinglife.(3)

Inaddition,nothingismoreharmfulthan主题

tocontradictwithaharmonioussociety.(4)

Lastbutnottheleast,noissueisasharmfulas主题

toincreasefamilyburdens,whichisathreateningsituationweareunwillingtosee.(5)

Nobetterillustrationofthisideacanbethoughtthantheexamplementionedbelow.(6)AccordingtoasurveymadebyChinaDaily,63.93%ofyoungpeoplewhohaveeverexperienced主题willliveadulllifeorevenfeellossofhopeaboutthefuture.(7)

Ifwecannottakeusefulmeans,wemaynotcontrolthistrend,andsomeundesirableresultsmaycomeoutunexpectedly,wewillseethegloomyfutureofsomething.第三段(1)

Fromwhathavebeendiscussedabove,itistherefore,necessarythatsomeeffectivemeasuresaretakentoprevent

主题.(2)

Ontheonehand,weshouldbesensibletostrengthentheenforcementofthelawstoprotectsomething.(3)

Ontheotherhand,itisdemandingforustokeeppeopleawareoftheimportanceofsavingsomebodyoutoftheevilhandsofdestruction.(4)

However,itiseasiersaidthandone.(5)

Althoughthefightagainstitislong-standingandtremendousone,oureffortswilleventuallypayoff.(6)

Onlywhenyouattentiontoitcanyouseeacolorfulandharmoniousfuturebettersoonerorlater.Directions：Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicTheImpactoftheInternetonInterpersonalCommunication.Youarerequiredtogiveabriefdescriptionofthecartoonandthencommentonit.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

III.例题分析（1）：

2012年6月六级真题回顾点评：

2012年6月份考到了较为少见的图画评论式作文，要求先对图画进行简要描述，再对图画所描述现象进行评论。此次作文，内容方面上有两项要求：图画描述+根据图画内容评论主题。针对该次作文，阅卷中发现跑题同学不在少数，主要有以下几种类型：1）只见树木，不见森林：即重点写图画中的blog，而忽略了题目中Internet和interpersonalcommunication才是重点所在。2）重点偏题：即详细阐述了internet对现代生活的影响，殊不知题目要求internet的影响是局限在interpersonalcommunication上。3）题目要求对图画描述，但被考生忽略，或未能从interpersonalcommunication角度对图画要旨进行介绍。

此类全英文命题形式在答题时可根据题目“内容要求”先自拟三个汉语提纲，然后再依照提纲去写相应的“功能段落”，这样全英文命题与传统作文就没有差异了。提纲如下：1.所给图画描述了一个很有意思的场景：……2.网络对人际交流的影响：利弊3.我的建议

TheImpactoftheInternetonInterpersonalCommunication首段：（图画描述：现象）

Givenisacartoonwhichillustratesaratherinterestingscene：

thefather，sittinginsofa，asksabouthisdaughter'sschoollife，withanexpectationoftalkingwithher；however，tohisdisappointment，thegirlsimplyrespondswitharejection："Youcanreadallaboutitonmyblog.”

第二段（利弊段：分析网络对人际交流的利弊）

ThiscartooncanbenaturallyassociatedwithimpactsofInternetoninterpersonalcommunication.（图画联系主题）Ontheonehand，Internetbringsusgreatconvenienceandhelpsustoremovetheobstaclesofdistanceincommunication.ItisInternetthatenablespeopleindifferentplacestokeepintouchwitheachother.WithoutInternet，itisimpossibleforthemtokeepinstantcontactwithothers.（利）

Ontheotherhand，

thisphenomenonisparticularlyworthconcernforthebackgroundthatpeople，likethedaughterincartoon，mayfocustoomucheyesightonInternet，totallyturningablindeyetoface-to-facecommunication.WhatworriesmanyexpertsisthatInterpersonalcommunicationmaybealienatedandindifferent.（弊）

第三段（现象总结+建议）

Incontemporarysociety，ithasbecomeatrendforpeopletocommunicateviaInternet.Meanwhile，anincreasingnumberofindividualsdeemitconvenient，fastandfashionabletochatonline.（现象）However，Iamconvincedthatweshouldeducate，advocateandencourageourfriends，classmatesandacquaintancestospendmoretimetalkingorchattingfacetoface.（建议）Dobearinmind：Internetismerelyatool.（222words）

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsontheimportanceoflearningbasicskills.Youshouldwriteatleast

120wordsbutnomorethan

200words.WriteyouressayonAnswerSheet1.句酷批改网作文号为：288088III.例题分析（1）：

2013年6月四级真题（1）首先，要看懂图画的表面意义，再有就是它的深层本质。图画中，一群学生坐在教室里，样子都傻傻地。老师正在讲解乘法口诀表，教的不亦说乎!这个时候一个傻孩子突然提问：“老师，我无意冒犯，但是等到我们工作的时候，这些你教的东西不会过时吗?”第一段：图画描述，这个是本能，是直觉，同时，也是题目中明确要求的(abriefdescriptionofthepicture)，所以你不描绘图画，或者是图画信息不全，扣分。描述的时候，你要把学生提问的那句话写出来，把老师教课的动作写出来，以及老师听到学生挑衅性的提问之后的表情，也要写出来。第二段：提炼挖掘图画的内涵。孩子对老师教的知识，确切地说，是对老师教授的基本知识、非实用性知识的一种质疑。所以，你可以在第二段分析一下原因：为什么学生，也就是现代人的代言，对这种不能马上用于工作的、带来回报的、理论性的基础指示和技能不懈?第三段：结论和表态，分析完了原因之后，你要回到主题，那就是我们不能忽视这些基本技能，要唤起大家对“基本技能的重要性”的认识。所以，这一段，你可以正面阐述为什么basicskills如此的重要，就可以了。新东方范文BasicLearningSkills

Asisvividlydepictedinthecartoongivenabove,wecanobservethattherearemanystudentssittinginaclassroom.Whenlisteningtotheteacher,oneofthestudentsjustinterruptstheteacherandsays“Nooffense,butbythetimewe’reinthejobmarket,won’tthatstuffbeoutdated?”Havingheardthisquestion,theteacherstopsdemonstratingtheMultiplicationTableandseemstobequiteshockedandembarrassed.

Thecartooninformsusofthephenomenonthatquiteafewstudentsundervaluetheimportanceoflearningbasicskillsthesedays.Confrontedwithfiercercompetitionfromsocietyandemploymentmarket,studentsaremorefocusedonpracticalskillswhichcanbeappliedindailyworkimmediately.Moreover,theyalsofearsthatthebasicknowledgeandskillstheylearntodaywillbeoutdatedbythetimetheyareinthejobmarket.

However,noonecandisclaimtheimportanceoflearningbasicskills.Itenablesustolayastrongfoundationforfurtherlearningandexploration.Inotherwords,thosewhohavemasteredbasicskillswellaremorelikelytoacquireotherskillsandknowledgewithease.Basicskillsareequivalenttothefirststepofsuccess,asanancientChinesesayinggoes,“Aroadofthousandmilestowardsthesuccessbeginswiththefirststep.”4.1开头句型1.Recentlythephenomenonhasbecomeaheatedtopic.2.Recentlytheproblemhasbeenbroughtintofocus(成为关注焦点).3.Nowadaysthereisagrowingconcernover…4.

Whatcallsforspecialattentionisthat…5.

There’snodenyingthefactthat…6.

What’sfarmoreimportantisthat…

7.

Itiscommonknowledgethathonestyisthebestpolicy.8.Itiswell-knownthat…9.Manynationshavebeenfacedwiththeproblemof…10.

Aseveryoneknows,noonecandenythat…11.Assth.rapidlydevelops，…IV.

语言表达模式4.1开头句型12.Aproverbsays,“…”（适用于已记住的名言）13.

Itgoeswithoutsayingthat(不言而喻)…（适用于自编名言）下面各句同样适合图表作文：

14.

Accordingtoarecentsurvey，…15.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,about…ofsb.dosth.16.

Arecentstatisticsshowsthat…IV.

语言表达模式4.2结尾句型4.2.1表示方向性的句型：

1)Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove，wecandrawtheconclusionthat…2)Inconclusion，itisimperative\necessarythat…3)Itcanbeconcludedfromthediscussionthat…4)Insummary，ifwecontinuetoignoretheabove-mentionedissue，moreproblemswillcropup.5)Withtheeffortsofallpartsconcerned，theproblemwillbesolvedthoroughly.6)Takingalltheseintoaccount，we…

7)Whetheritisgoodornot/positiveornegative，onethingiscertain/clearthat…IV.

语言表达模式IV.

语言表达模式8)Allthingsconsidered，…

9)Itmaybesafelysaidthat…10)Therefore，inmyopinion，it’smoreadvisablethat…

11)

Manysolutions

arebeingoffered…12)Thereisnoeasymethod,but…mightbehelpful...13)Itisclearthatthetaskdemandsgreatefforts…4.2.2表示建设性的句型1)

Thereisnodoubtthatattention

mustbepaid…2)Itisnecessarythatsteps

shouldbetaken...3)Obviously,Itis（high）timethatweurgedanendto...4)Accordingly,Irecommendthatsomemeasuresbetaken.5)Consequently,tosolvetheproblem,somemeasuresshouldbetaken.6)Itishopedthatefforts

bemade...7)Inshort,weshould...8)Whatweneedis...9)Itishopedthatefforts

bemade...10)Inshort,weshould...11)Whatweneedis...12)Manysolutions

arebeingoffered…13)Thereisnoeasymethod,but…mightbehelpful...14)Itisclearthatthetaskdemandsgreatefforts…15)Frommypointofview，itwouldbebetterif...IV.

语言表达模式4.2.3

表比较句型1)

AfaroutweighB.2)TheadvantagesofAaremuchgreaterthanthoseofB.3)

AmaybepreferabletoB，butAsuffersfromthedisadvantagesthat……4)Forallthedisadvantages，ithasitscompensatingadvantages.5)Likeanythingelse，Ahasitsfaults.6)

AandBhasseveralpointsincommon.7)However，AisnotapplicabletoB.8)

AandBdifferinseveralways.9)Evidently，ithasbothnegativeandpositiveeffects.IV.

语言表达模式4.2.4表原因句型1)Anumberoffactorsareaccountablefor\accountfor\contributeto\leadtothisphenomenon\problem\situation.2)Thefactorsthatcontributetothephenomenon\problem\situation…include...

3)Thephenomenon\problem\situationmainlystemsfrom\resultsfromthefactthat…4)Partoftheexplanationsforphenomenon\problem\situationisthat…5)Thechangein…largelystemsfrom\resultsfromthefactthat…IV.

语言表达模式4.2.4表原因句型6)Oneofthemostcommonfactors\causes\reasons

isthat…7)Anothercontributingfactors\causesis…8)Perhapstheprimaryfactor\causeisthat…9)Butthefundamentalcauseisthat…10)Therearemanyfactors\causes\reasonsfor…11)That'sthereasonwhy…12)Theanswertothisphenomenon\problem\situation

involvesmanyfactors\causes\reasons

.IV.

语言表达模式4.2.5表结果句型1)Itmaygiverisetoahostof(许多)problems.2)Theimmediateresultitproducesis…3)Itwillexerciseaprofoundinfluence(深远的影响)upon…4)Itsconsequencecanbesogreatthat…4.2.6表反驳句型1)Itistruethat…，butonevitalpointisbeingleftout(忽视).2)Thereisagrainoftruth(一丝真理)inthesestatements，buttheyignoreamoreimportantfact.3)Manyofushavebeenundertheillusionthat…4)Itmakesnosense(毫无意义)toarguefor…5)Suchastatementmainlyrestson(依靠)theassumptionthat…6)Contrarytowhatiswidelyaccepted，Imaintainthat…IV.

语言表达模式4.2.7表证明句型1)Noonecandenythefactthat…2)Theideaishardlysupportedbyfacts.3)Unfortunately，noneoftheavailabledatashows…4)Recentstudiesindicatethat…5)Thereissufficientevidencetoshowthat……6)Accordingtostatisticsprovedby…，itcanbeseenthat…IV.

语言表达模式4.2.8表例举句型first（firstly/thefirst/inthefirstplace）,second（secondly/thesecond/inthesecondplace）,third（thirdly/thethird/inthethirdplace）,last（finally/thelast/lastly（不推荐）强烈推荐:1)tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally2)tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally3)firstandforemost,besides,lastbutnotleast4)mostimportantofall,moreover,finally5)ontheonehand,ontheotherhand6)foronething,foranotherthing7)inonesetting,inanotherIV.

语言表达模式Studythefollowingdrawingcarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould:

1.describethedrawing,

2.interpretitsmeaning,and

3.makeyourcomment.

Youshouldwrite160~200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.V.Practices2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题试卷

2句酷批改网作文号为：2880972013年6月大学英语四级考试真题试卷3句酷批改网作文号为：2881052013年12月14日英语四级考试作文真题1

Directions:Forthispart,you’reallowed3