综合教程 新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材 教师PPTBook 2 Unit11

Unit11Watchthevideoandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.InthefilmRachelGettingMarried,Kymdroveacaroffabridgewhenshewas16.Inthataccident,herlittlebrotherEthandied.Andthetragedyhappenedbecauseshetookdrugs.Doyouthinkthefamilymemberscanforgiveher?2.Whatcanforgivenessbringus?Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement1AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationYes,theycan,althoughitmaytakealongtimetorecoverforeveryoneinthefamily.Finally,theycan.Open.Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement2AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationRachel:Dad,lookatme.Okay?I’mrighthere.Okay?AndIamtellingyouthatafterEthandied,Iwantedhertogetbetterorjustdie.Father:Rachel,she’sbetter.Rachel:And...No,no.Recoverydoesn’tworkifyoulie.Sheknowsthat.Iamworthlesstoher.Shedoesn’tgiveashitabouttherestofus!Kym:Youarenotworthless.Howdareyou!You’remysister.Iloveyouguys.Ineedyouguys,butyoudon’t...gettositaroundfortherestofmylife,decidingwhatI’msupposedtobelike.Imean,youweren’tthere.Youweren’tinsideofmyheadwhenIwasfucked-up.Youarecertainlynottherenow.VideoScript1AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationVideoScript2AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationRachel:Kym,

Kym.Kym:Youhaven’tgotanyideahowIfeel.Rachel:Kym,youtookEthanforgranted.Okay.Youwerehighforhislife.Youwerenotpresent.Okay,youwerehigh.Kym:Yes.Rachel:Andyoudrovehimoffabridge.Andnowhe’sdead.Father:Rachel,itwasanaccident.Kym:Yes,Iwas.Yes,Iwasstonedoutofmymind.WhodoIhavetobenow?IcouldbeMotherTeresa.Itwouldn’tmakeadifferencewhatIdid.DidIsacrificeeverybitofloveinthislifebecauseIkilledourlittlebrother?VideoScript2AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationFather:Itwasanaccident.Itwasanaccident.Kym:AndI’msorry.I’msorry.Father:Kymmie,Kymmie,itwasanaccident.Kym:I’msorry.I’msorry.Rachel:I’msorry,too,Dad.Culturalinformation

1AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformation1.QuoteHumanityisneversobeautifulaswhenprayingforforgiveness,orelseforgivinganother.

—JeanPaulRichterCulturalinformation

2AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformation2.PoemForgivenessJudithMammayForgivenessisnoteasyWhenwebelieveOurworldhasended,Andblamelieswithanother.Forgivingislettinggoofthepain;Acceptingthatwhatwas,was.Itwillnotchange,Cannotchange.Culturalinformation

3AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationForgivingisdismissingtheblame.Choicesweremadethatcausedthehurt.Weeachcouldhavechosendifferently,Butwedidn’t.Forgivingislookingatthepain,Learningthelessonithasproduced,AndunderstandingWhatwehavelearned.ForgivingallowsustomoveonTowardabetterunderstandingOfuniversallove,Andourtruepurpose.Culturalinformation

4AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationForgivingisknowingthatloveIstheanswertoallquestions,AndthatweallAreinsomewayconnected.ForgivingisstartingoverWiththeknowledgewehavegained.Iforgiveyou—AndIforgivemyself.Thisessaydiscussesanimportantvirtue—,inwhichtheauthormentionstheorthemeritsofforgiveness,proposestoachieveit,discussestheofsomeoppositeviews,andexaminespossibleofunfairhurtthatvictimizesus.GlobalReading-MainideaMainideaStructuralanalysisfourguidelines_________________forgiveness_____________significance_____________invalidity___________causes________Structuralanalysis1ParagraphsMainidea1-67-1819-20Theauthorcitesacommonphenomenonofpeoplehurtingeachother,andthenturnstotheneedandsignificanceofforgiveness.Theauthorintroducesfourguidelinestoachieveforgiveness.Theauthorexpresseshisdisagreementwiththosewhoclaimthatforgivenessis“unjust”andis“asignofweakness”.1.Dividethetextintopartsbycompletingthetable.MainideaStructuralanalysisParagraphsMainidea21-23Theauthoroffershisadvicethat,asweareseldomwrongedwithoutreason,weoftenneedtoexamineourselves.Structuralanalysis2MainideaStructuralanalysisStructuralanalysis32.Findoutthemetaphoriclanguageusedtoindicatethecriticalimportanceofforgiveness.heal,pain,malignancy,fester,cutout,infest,surgeryMainideaStructuralanalysisOpentheDoortoForgivenessLewisB.SmedesDetailedreading1-3DetailedreadingSomeonehurtyou,maybeyesterday,maybelongago,andyoucannotforgetit.Youdidnotdeservethehurtandithaslodgeditselfinyourmemory,whereitkeepsonhurting.Youarenotalone.Weallmuddleourwaythroughaworldwhereevenwell-meaningpeoplehurtoneanother.Afriendbetraysus;aparentabusesus;aspouseleavesus.PhilosopherHannahArendtbelievesthattheonlypowerthatcanstopthestreamofpainfulmemoriesisthe“facultyofforgiving.”Inthatspirit,oneDecemberdayin1983,PopeJohnPaulIIwalkedintoacellofRebibbiaprisonoutsideRometomeetMehmetAliAgca.ThePopetookthehandofthemanwhohadtriedtokillhim,andforgavehim.123Detailedreading4-5Formostofus,however,itisnoteasytoforgive.Forgivingseemsalmostunnatural.Oursenseoffairnesstellsusthatpeopleshouldpayforthewrongtheydo.Butinforgivingwecanmovefromhurtingandhatingtohealingandreconciliation.Hateisournaturalresponsetodeepandunfairhurts.Awomanwishesherformerhusbandwouldbemiserablewithhisnewwife.Amanwhosefriendhasbetrayedhimhopesthefriendwillbefiredfromhisjob.Hateisamalignancythatfestersandgrows,stiflingjoyandthreateningourhealth.Ithurtsthehatermorethanthehated.Itmustbecutout—forourownsake.Detailedreading45Detailedreading6-8Howcanthisbedone?Howcanyouletgoofahurt,thewayachildopenshishandsandfreesatrappedbutterfly?Hereareguidelinestohelpyoubegintoforgive:Confrontyourmalice.Noneofuswantstoadmitthatwehatesomeone,sowehideitfromourselves.Butthefurydeniedragesbeneaththesurfaceandinfectsallourrelationships.

Admittingourhatecompelsustomakeadecisionaboutthesurgeryofthesoulwecallforgiving.Wemustacknowledgewhathashappened,faceuptotheotherpersonandsay:“Youdidmewrong.”LizwasanassistantprofessorofbiologyatauniversityinCalifornia.Shewasagoodteacher,andthechairmanofherdepartmentpromisedtoaskthedeantopromoteher.Instead,hisreportwassocriticalofherperformancethatthedeanadvisedhertolookforanotherjob.Detailedreading768Detailedreading9-10Lizhatedthechairmanforbetrayingher,butsheneededarecommendationfromhim.Whenhesaidhowsorryhewasthathissupportcouldnotconvincethedean,shepretendedtobelievehim.Butshecouldnotkeepuptheduplicity.Onedaysheconfrontedhim.HisembarrasseddenialenabledLiztoseehimfortheweakpersonhewas.Shebegantofeelthepowersheneededtoforgivehimand,inherdecisiontodoso,wassetfreeofherhate.Separatethewrongdoerfromthewrong.TheBibledescribes,intheancientdramaofatonement,howGodtookabundleofhumansinsoffman’sback,tiedittoagoat,andsentthe“scapegoat”toa“solitaryland.”Forgivingisfindinganewvisionofthepersonwhohaswrongedus,thepersonstrippedofhissins—whoreallylivesbeneaththecloakofhiswrongdoing.Detailedreading910Detailedreading11-12Thefirstgiftwegetwhenweseparatethewrongfromthewrongdoerisinsight.Aswecometoseethedeepertruthaboutpeople—thattheyarefallible—ourfeelingschange.

At16myadopteddaughter,Cathy,wasahotheadwhobitterlyresentedhernaturalmotherforgivingheraway.Whyhadshenotbeenworthkeeping?Thenshefoundoutthatherparentshadbeenveryyoungandpoorandnotmarried.Aboutthistime,oneofCathy’sfriendsbecamepregnantand,infearanddoubt,gaveupherbabyforadoption.Cathysharedherfriend’sconflict,andwassureherdecisionhadbeenright.Graduallyshecametofeelthatherownmother,too,haddonetherightthing—shehadgivenherbabyawaybecauseshelovedhertoomuchtokeepher.Cathy’snewunderstandingbroughtherresentmentdowntoforgivingsize.Detailedreading1112Detailedreading13-16Letgoofthepast.Afriendofmine,abeautifulactress,wasleftcrippledbyacaraccidentafewyearsago.Herhusbandstayedwithheruntilshehadpartiallyrecovered.Then,coldly,helefther.

Shecouldhavemortgagedherfuturetohate.Instead,sheforgaveherhusbandandwishedhimwell.Iwasskeptical.“Supposehemarriedasexyyoungstarlet.Wouldyouwishhimtobehappywithher?”“Yes,Iwould,”sheanswered.Thisdoesnotmeanmyfriendhasentirelyforgottenthehurt.Infact,forgettingtoosoonmaybeadangerouswaytoescapeforgiving’sinnersurgery.Oncewehaveforgiven,however,forgettingisasignofhealth.Wecanforget,eventually,becausewearehealed.Detailedreading13141516Detailedreading17-18Don’tgiveuponforgiveness—keepworkingatit.Asaboy,theBritishscholarC.S.Lewiswasbadlyhurtbyabullyofateacher.Formostofhislifehecouldnotforgivetheteacherandthistroubledhim.Butnotlongbeforehedied,hewrotetoafriend:“onlyafewweeksago,IrealizedsuddenlythatIhadatlastforgiventhecruelschoolmasterwhosodarkenedmychildhood.I’dbeentryingtodoitforyears,andeachtimeIthoughtI’ddoneit,Ifoundithadtobeattemptedagain.ButthistimeIfeelsureitistherealthing.”Thehatehabitishardtobreak.Weusuallybreakitmanytimesbeforewefinallygetridofit.Andthedeeperthehurt,thelongeritcantake.Butslowlyithappens.Detailedreading171820Idisagree.Vengeanceneverevensthescore.Ittiesboththeinjuredandtheinjurertoanendlessescalatorofretaliation.Gandhiwasright:Ifwealllivebythe“eyeforaneye”brandofjustice,thewholeworldwillbeblind.TheologianReinholdNiebuhrsaidafterWorldWarII:“Wemustfinallybereconciledwithourfoe,lestwebothperishintheviciouscircleofhatred.”Forgivenessbreaksthegripthatpastwrongandpainhaveonourminds.Detailedreading19-20Persuasiveargumentshavebeenmadeagainstforgiving.Somesaythatforgivenessisunjustbecausethewrongdoershouldnotbeletoffthehook.Otherssayforgivenessisasignofweakness.BernardShawcalledit“abeggar’srefuge.”Detailedreading19Detailedreading21

Tounderstandforgiveness,weshouldkeepinmindthatweareseldommerelysinnedagainst.Youmaycontributetoyourspouse’sinfidelitybyignoringyourpartner’sneedsanddesires,orbringonyourchildren’srebellionbyyourcoldjudgmentsandhottemper.AmanI’llcallMarkthoughtofhiswife,Karen,asdomineering;himselfasineffectiveandtimid.Onenightataparty,KarenlaughinglycalledMarkamama’sboywhohadnevergrownup.WhentheygothomeMarkshouted:“Iwillneverforgiveyouforthis!”Hisragewasacoverfortheweaknesshedarednotface.Detailedreading21Detailedreading22-23Throughherowncontrition,Karenlearnedthatsheherselfwasweakandafraid.Hertoughnesshadbeenawaytokeephersecretdemonsundercontrol.WhenshefoundthecouragetorevealherneedstoMark,hebecamestrongenoughtodrophismaskofanger.

Inmutualforgiveness,theycreativelycombinedtheirweaknessesandstrengthstoforgeafarhealthierrelationshipwithoutillusions.Whenweforgive,wecomeascloseasanyhumancantotheessentiallydivineactofcreation.Wehealthehurtandcreateanewbeginningoutofpastpain.Detailedreading2223Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Weallmuddleourwaythroughaworldwhereevenwell-meaningpeoplehurtoneanother”?Detailedreading1--Quesion1-2Thesentencemeansthat“weallcouldmakesomesillymistakesduetoourcarelessnessorinsomeconfusingstate”.Thissentenceiscloselyrelatedwiththepreviousone,becausetheauthorswitches“you”intheprevioussentenceandinthefirstparagraphto“we.”Thischangeisnecessary,because“you”referstothereaderinparticular,while“we”includesthereader,theauthorandotherpeopleingeneral.Thustheswitchconfirmsthestatement:“Youarenotalone.”DetailedreadingHowdoestheauthorcommentonforgivenessandhate?Detailedreading1--Quesion5Theauthoradmitsthat“itisnoteasytoforgive.Forgivingseemsalmostunnatural.”“Oursenseoffairnesstellsusthatpeopleshouldpayforthewrongtheydo”and“hateisournaturalresponse.”However,hebelievesthatforgivenessbringsabouthealingandreconciliationwhilehateonlydarkensourlifeandaffectsourhealth.Detailedreading1.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“thewayachildopenshishandandfreesatrappedbutterfly”?Detailedreading1--Quesion6Bycomparingcuttingouthatetofreeingatrappedbutterfly,theauthorimpliesthatforgivenesswouldnotbethatdifficultifyoufollowhisguidelines.Detailedreading2.Whatisthefirstprobleminourattempttoachieveforgiveness?Thefirstproblemisthatweusuallydonotadmitthatwehatesomeonewhohashurtus.Detailedreading1--Quesion7-9DetailedreadingWhatcanbelearntfromLiz’scase?Liz’scaseindicatesthatfacinguptothewrongdoerandadmittingyourhategivesyouthepowertoforgive,andconsequentlyyouarefreedfromthehate.Whatcanwelearnfromthecaseoftheauthor’sadopteddaughter?Detailedreading1--Quesion10-12Cathy’scaseprovestheauthor’ssuggestedguideline.Separatingthewrongfromthewrongdoerwouldenableyoutogetanewandtrueunderstandingoftheperson.Thenyoucometobeawarethathe/sheis,afterall,ahumanbeingandisasfallibleasyourself.DetailedreadingHowdoestheauthorunderstandtheguideline“Letgoofthepast”inrelationwithforgiveness?Detailedreading1--Quesion16Theauthorthinksthatifwehaveforgivensomebody,wecanforgetthepastandeventuallyhealourwound.Butitcouldbedangeroustoforgetbeforeweforgive,becausethe“innersurgery”hasnotbeendoneyet,andthewoundisstilltherehurtingus.DetailedreadingWhatdoestheC.S.Lewis’exampleindicate?Detailedreading1--Quesion17-18Theexampleindicatesthattrueforgivenesstakesalongtime.Sometimesyouthinkyouhavedoneitwhileyouhaven’t.Youhavetokeepworkingatitandmakeithappen.DetailedreadingWhatdoestheauthormeanby“Vengeanceneverevensthescore”?Detailedreading1--Quesion19Theauthormeansthatretaliationjustsetsoffanendlesschainoffurtherretaliation.DetailedreadingWhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowwiththeexampleofMark?Detailedreading1--Quesion23Theauthorwantstoshowthatweallhaveweaknessesaswellasstrengthsandthatweshouldadmitandrevealthemtoothers,ifwewanttoenjoyhealthyrelationships.Detailedreadingbetrayv.beunfaithfultoDetailedreading1–betraye.g.JudasbetrayedJesustotheauthorities.Youhavebetrayedourtrustinyou,andforthatyoumustbepunished.Derivation:betrayaln.betrayern.Collocation:betraysb./sth.tosb.handoverorshowsb./sth.disloyallytoanenemybetrayoneself

showwhatorwhoonereallyisDetailedreadingabusev.sayunkindorrudethingstoDetailedreading1–abusee.g.Sheabusedhimroundlyforhisneglect.Anangrypassengerabusedthestationmanagerforthelaterunningofthetrain.Derivation:abusivea.Synonym:misuseDetailedreadingComparison:misuse

totreatsomethingorsomebodybadly.Itisoftenusedaboutobjects.误用，使用不当，Themanufacturersdisclaimallresponsibilityforthedamagecausedbymisuse.

因使用不当造成的损坏，生产厂家不负任何责任。abuse

makebadorwronguseof.Itisrarelyusedaboutobjects,butwhenitisusedinthiswayitisstrongerthanmisuse,andsuggeststhatthereisdamage.滥用abuse,misusefacultyn.

anaturalpowerofthemindDetailedreading1–facultye.g.Forthemomenthercriticalfacultiesseemedtohavedesertedher.Hehadnotlosthismentalfaculties.Collocation:facultyof/fordoingsth.Detailedreadinge.g.Shehasagreatfacultyforlearninglanguages.Detailedreading1--payfor1payforv.receivepunishmentorsufferingforsth.e.g.Hepaiddearlyforhisunfaithfulnesstoher.Withaten-yearprisonsentence,he’spayingdearlyforhiscrimesnow.Collocation:paybackreturnmoneytosb.thatonehasborrowedfromhim;etone’srevengepayin/intoputmoneyintoabankaccount存入payout(regularly)makealargepaymentofmoneyforsth.付钱，出钱DetailedreadingDetailedreading1–payfor

3Exercise:Chooseaproperphraseinitsappropriateformtofilleachblankinthefollowingsentences.

Ialotofmoneyforthatcar.2.Thesepeoplemustbemadetotheircrimes.3.HaveIyouthe$10Iborrowed?4.Haveyouthechequeyouraccountyet?5.I’llhimforwhathedidtome!paidout_________payforpaybackpayintopayoutpayfor________back______paid______paid_____Detailedreadinginto_____pay_____back______Detailedreading1–former1former

a.ofanearlierperiodortime;beingthefirstmentionedoftwothingsorpeoplee.g.InformertimespeoplewerehangedforstealinginBritain.Ofthetwopossibilities,theformerseemsmorelikely.Derivation:formerlyad.Antonym:current;presentDetailedreadingDetailedreading1–former2Sheusedtobeagreatplayer,butnowshe’sonlyashadowofherformerself.她以前是个健将，现在已不及当年了。Collocation:ashadowofone’sformerselfnothavingthestrength,influence,etc.thatoneformerlyhade.g.DetailedreadingDetailedreading1–Hateisa…Hateisamalignancythatfestersandgrows,stiflingjoyandthreateningourhealth.Translation:仇恨是一种会不断生长壮大的恶意，压抑快乐，并威胁我们的健康。DetailedreadingDetailedreading1--traptrapv.

unabletomoveorescapee.g.Theyweretrappedintheburninghotel.Theliftbrokedownandweweretrappedinside.Collocation:osth./doingsth.catchsb.byatrickDetailedreadingmalice

entiontohurtsb.Detailedreading1–malicee.g.Shecertainlybearsyounomalice.Therewasnomaliceinhiswords,justdisappointment.Derivation:maliciousa.maliciouslyad.maliciousnessn.DetailedreadingCollocation:

malicioustowardssb.desiretoharmothersDetailedreading1–furyfuryn.

verygreatangere.g.Hewasinoneofhisuncontrollablefuries.SheflewintoafurywhenIwouldn’tlendheranymoney.Derivation:furiousa.DetailedreadingDetailedreading1–ragerage

v.wilduncontrollableangere.g.Heragedagainstmefordisagreeing.Iragedforhoursatthedecision.Derivation:raginga.DetailedreadingCollocation:rageat/againstsb./sth.showviolentangerSynonym:anger;furyDetailedreading1–infectinfect

v.makesb.elsehavefeelingsofthesametypee.g.Sheinfectedthewholeclasswithherenthusiasm.Hercheerfulspiritsandbubblinglaughterinfectedthewholeclass.Derivation:infectiousa.infectiouslyad.infectionn.DetailedreadingCollocation:infectwith(ofadisease)togetintothebodyof(someone),oftenthroughtheaire.g.infectwithadisease染病Detailedreading1–compelcompel

v.forceapersontodosth.e.g.Wecannotcompelyoutodoit,butwethinkyoushould.Iwascompelledtoacknowledgetheforceofhisargument.Derivation:compellinga.DetailedreadingSynonym:oblige;forceComparison:compeltomake(apersonorthing)dosomething,byforce,moralpersuasion,orordersthatmustbeobeyed迫使impel

(esp.ofanidea,feeling,etc.)todrive(someone)totakeaction驱使，激励acknowledgev.admit;recognizethefactDetailedreading1–acknowledgee.g.Whentheresultsofthevotewereannounced,thePrimeMinisteracknowledgeddefeat.Sheisacknowledgedasanexpertonthesubject.Collocation:acknowledgesb.assth.DetailedreadingDerivation:acknowledgementn.Detailedreading1–promotepromotev.

givesb.ahigherpositione.g.Mydaughterhasjustbeenpromoted!Theyoungarmyofficerwaspromotedtotherankofcaptain.DetailedreadingDerivation:motionala.Collocation:promotesb.tosth.raisesb.toahigherpositionorrankAntonym:demoteDetailedreading1–recommendationDerivation:recommendv.recommendablea.Detailedreadingrecommendationn.theactofpraisingasbeinggoodforapurposee.g.Thegovernmenthasagreedtoimplementtherecommendationsinthereport.WeboughtthecaronPaul’srecommendation.Detailedreading1–Butthefury…Butthefurydeniedragesbeneaththesurfaceandinfectsallourrelationships.Explanation:Butthehatethatwerefusetoadmitisrightthereburninginsideusandinfluencesallourrelationships.Translation:但这种深藏的怒火在我们心底燃烧，影响着我们的人际关系。DetailedreadingDetailedreading1–Hisembarrasseddenial…HisembarrasseddenialenabledLiztoseehimfortheweakpersonhewas.Translation:他尴尬的否认让利兹看到了他内心脆弱的一面。DetailedreadingDetailedreading1–solitarysolitarya.lonelye.g.Heformedthehabitoftakinglongsolitarywalksthroughthestreets.Onesolitarytreegrewonthemountainside.Derivation:solitarilyad.solitarinessn.DetailedreadingSynonym:lonelyDetailedreading1–insightDetailedreadinginsight

a.thepowerofusingone’smindtounderstandthetruenatureofasituatione.g.Herautobiographygavemeaninsightintothewaygovernmentactuallyworks.Jerrysoonestablishedhimselfasascientistofgreatinsightandcreativity.Derivation:insightfula.Collocation:insightintoDetailedreading1–fallibleDetailedreadingfallible

a.likelytobewronge.g.Wearefalliblebeings.Hewasonlyhuman,andfallible,andthusmighthavemisjudgedher.Derivation:fallibilityn.Antonym:infallibleDetailedreading10-12–ActivityRolePlayThestudentsareexpectedtohavearoleplay.Threestudentsineachgroupareinvolvedinthisplaywhereawifeisgoingtodivorceherhusbandbecausehebetrayedher.Onestudentgivesamonologue,onestudentactsasthewife,andthelastasthehusband.Thestudentsaresupposedtousethefollowingwordsintheirperformanceasmanyaspossible.Andtheresultoftheperformancewillbejudgedbytheteacherandothergroupsaswell.Detailedreadingbetray

payforhidefromformer

malicecompelacknowledgesetfreepromote

abuseDetailedreading1–Forgivingis…Forgivingisfindinganewvisionofthepersonwhohaswrongedus,thepersonstrippedofhissins—whoreallylivesbeneaththecloakofhiswrongdoing.Translation:谅解就是看到曾经亏待过我们的那个人新的一面，他摆脱了自己的罪恶—让我们看到了隐藏在罪恶下面的真实面貌。DetailedreadingDetailedreading1–At16my…At16myadopteddaughter,Cathy,wasahotheadwhobitterlyresentedhernaturalmotherforgivingheraway.Translation:我的养女凯茜在16岁的时候非常容易冲动，她对生母把她自己送给别人抚养怨恨不已。DetailedreadingDetailedreading1–skepticalskepticala.doubting;distrustfule.g.ThemoreIreadaboutthecausesofthewar,themoreskepticalIbecome.Mostdoctorsremainhighlyskepticalaboutthevalueofalternativemedicine.Derivation:skepticnskepticallyad.skepticismn.DetailedreadingShecouldhavemortgagedherfuturetohate.Paraphrase:Shecouldhavegivenupherfutureinordertokeephating.Detailedreading1–Shecouldhave

…DetailedreadingInfact,forgettingtoosoonmaybeadangerouswaytoescapeforgiving’sinnersurgery.Explanation:Infact,itmaybedangeroustoforgetbeforeour“inner”woundsarehealedbyour“forgiving”.Inotherwords,wecannotskipthisprocessofbeinghealedbyforgiving.Detailedreading1–Infact…DetailedreadingTranslation:实际上，忘记得太早很危险，因为这时候我们的心灵创伤还没有被谅解抚平。Detailedreading1–attemptattempt

v.trytodosth.,esp.sth.difficulte.g.ThesecondquestionwassodifficultthatIdidn’tevenattemptit.Heattemptedtoleavebutwasstopped.Derivation:attemptn.DetailedreadingSynonym:tryDetailedreading1–vengeancevengeance

n.revengee.g.Hesworetotakevengeanceonthepeoplewhohadkilledhissister.Herbertsworevengeanceonthemurderersofhisfather.Collocation:vengeanceon/uponsb.payingbackofaninjurythatonehassufferedDetailedreadingSynonym:revengereconcile

v.bringbackfriendlyrelationsbetweenHowdoyoureconcileyourpoliticalprincipleswithyourreligiousbeliefs?Theyquarreled,butnowthey’recompletelyreconciled.Derivation:reconcilablea.reconciliationn.Synonym:harmonizeDetailedreading1–reconcilee.g.DetailedreadingCollocation:reconcilewithDetailedreading1–Ittiesboth…Ittiesboththeinjuredandtheinjurertoanendlessescalatorofretaliation.Explanation:Itmakesboththeinjuredandtheinjurerincreasinglyvengeful.Translation:它将伤害者和被伤害者都置于无穷无尽、愈演愈烈的报复之中。DetailedreadingDetailedreading1–Ifwealllive…Ifwealllivebythe“eyeforaneye”brandofjustice,thewholeworldwillbeblind.Translation:如果我们都遵循“以牙还牙、以眼还眼”的司法模式，那么整个世界都将陷入盲目行动之中。DetailedreadingDetailedreading1–bringon

Detailedreadingbringon

resultinThecollapseofhishealthwasbroughtonbyundernourishment.Herfeverwasbroughtonbygoingoutintherain.e.g.Detailedreading1–rebellionrebellion

n.anorganizedattempttochangethegovernmentbyusingviolencee.g.Alargeriseinfoodpricesledtoarebellionagainstthegovernment.Theslavesroseinrebellionagainsttheirmasters.Derivation:rebelliousa.rebelv.DetailedreadingCollocation:rebellionagainstTheclassisdividedintotwogroups.Theteacherwillexplainthewordsbyusingexamplesandparaphrase,andastudentfromeachgroupwillwritedownthewordsintheblanksonebyonefromthebottomtothetopofthepyramid.Oncethestude