综合英语第三册 unit one fresh start

UnitOneFreshstartAnswerstoTranslationp9Itdistressedmeagreatdealtohearthenewsthathehadsufferedrepeatedfailures.Heassumedanairofcheerfulness,eventhoughhelostfavorwithhisboss.Gulliverexperiencedextraordinaryadventuresandsawastrangeassortmentofpeople.4.Hewillbefuriouswithyouifyourepeatthesamemistake.5.Wewereallgreatlydrawnbyhisfrankview,humorouswordsandgenialmanner.6.Afterthethunderousapplausedieddown,theNobelPrizewinnerbeganhisspeech.PartonePreparation

TaskOneHowwellhaveyoubeenacquaintedwithouruniversity?FreshmenversusSeniorsJustKidding123HowwellhaveyoubeenacquaintedwithyouruniversityCanyourecognizetheseplaces?Whichisyourfavoriteplace/themostfrequentlyvisitedplaceoncampus?Why?Wouldyouwalkusthroughatypicaldayofyoursoncampus?backABCA.QuestionandAnswerA.Canyourecognizetheseplaces?

backB.QuestionandAnswer:Ask2or3studentstoanswersomeofthefollowingquestions.B.Whichisyourfavoriteplaceoncampustheplaceyoumostfrequentlyvisitedtheplaceyouspendmostofyourtimeandwhy?Examples:1.Ilikethestudentcafeteriabestbecausethefoodthereisdelicious!2.Ispendalongtimeindormitoryforyouknowsleeptakesatleast8hoursaday.UsefulWordsandExpressions:backComputerCenter,AdministrationBuilding,Stadium,StudentActivitiesCenter,Library,AuditoriumC.GroupWork:dividethestudentsintogroupsof4andaskthemtohaveadiscussionaboutthefollowingquestion.C.Canyoutellusatypicaldayofyourcampuslife?Hints:WhereWhoWhatdoyouusuallygointhemorning/afternoon/evening?doyoumeetthere?doyouusuallydothere?backUsefulExpressions:ComputerCenter/Stadium/StudentActivitiesCenter/LibraryAuditorium/No.#TeachingBuilding/Cafeteria/DormGenerallyspeaking/workon…/assignment/staywithsomebody./attendclass/devotesometimeon…/bekeptbusy/inmysparetime…/everydayroutine2.FreshmenversusSeniorsWalkingacrosscampus,it'seasytopickoutafreshmanfromasenior.Nooffense,freshmen,butyoukindofstickoutlikesorethumbs…Let’shaveaminitesttoseewhetheryouarefromafreshmantoasenior!Ready?Go!backAreyouanactiveparticipantsofvariousstudentassociationsoncampus?yesnobackDoyoualwayscountdaystogohomeonlybecomehomesickoccasionallybackDoyouknowwhichcafeteriasellsbestfoodalwaysfindthecafeteriadishesawfulbackDoyouprefertositinthefrontrowsoftheclassroomwouldrathersitatthebackbackDoyoumemorizethecoursematerialstogetagoodgradememorizetheprofessor’shabitstogetagoodgradebackIfyouseeadeadflyinyourdinner,whatwouldyoudo?pourthedishandfeelsickforthewholeeveningtaketheflyoutandgoontoeatbackJustKidding

Universityisfullofknowledge;thefreshmenbringalittleinandtheseniorstakenoneaway,andknowledgeaccumulates

backPre-readingQuestionsDoyourememberyourfirstcampusvisit,registrationorthefirstdayofclasses?Howdidyoufeel?Andwhydidyougetthatkindoffeeling?Thefollowingwordsmightbeuseful.Fresh,lost,surprised,homesick,shocked,disillusioned,disappointed,different,carefree,independent,excited,proud,busy,messy,unbearable,tired

Pre-readingQuestionsNowyouareJuniors,howdoyoufeelaboutthisfreshstart?HaveyougottofeelanydifferencecomparedtoyourlifeinGradeone?Howdidyoustudylastyear?Giveyourselfaselfcommentastofirstyearcollege’life.CulturalBackgroundCollegeStudyInAmericancollegesanduniversities,studentshavemanychoicesaboutthesubjectstheystudy,theirclassschedule,andtheteachersoftheirclasses.Inthisway,studentscancreateaschedulethatismostsuitableforthem.Theycanalsofulfilltherequirementsoftheirdegree.Therefore,studentscarrymostoftheresponsibilityformanagingtheiracademiclife,althoughacademicadvisorsareavailabletohelpthem.GradingSystemsintheU.S.

MostcollegesuselettergradeslikeA,B,C,D,F,andsomeuseplusorminuslikeB-orC+.Tocomputestudents'averagestheysayA=4,B=3,C=2,D=1,F=0.Ittakesanaverageof2.0tograduate.GradesofFmustberepeatedtogetcredit.Moststudentstake5oroccasionally6coursespersemester,andmostcoursesare3credits.Itusuallytakesbetween120and130creditstograduate.Afewcollegesusenumericalgradesinsteadofletters.Ifso,mostlikelyA=90,B=80,C=70,D=60,butthismaybeuptotheprofessor.Organizationofthetext:(Para1)Introduction:Howshefeltthefirstdayoncampusafterherparentshadleft.(Para2-9)Theauthorrecallsa

fewincidentsduringherfirstdaysofcollege.3(Para10-14)Herreflectionsonmakingmistakes.TextanalysisPartone(Para1)Comprehensionquestions:1.HowShefeltthefirstdayoncampus?2.Whatdoes“first-gradish”mean?3.Whydidtheauthorhavetheimpressionthat“everyoneoncampuswaswatchingme”?HowIfeltthefirstdayoncampus.(Para.1)

1)IwaswonderingwhatIwasdoing.

2)Iwasstandingpitifully.

3)Iwasfeelingabitfirst-gradish.4)Itseemedthateveryoneoncampuswaswatchingme.5)IhopedthatnoonewouldnoticeIwasafreshman.Languagepoints…wantingnothingmorethantofindmywaysafelytomydormroom.

只想平安无事地回到寝室.

wantnothingmorethantodo…只想做……Shetoldmeattheotherendofthetelephonelinethatshe

wantednothingmorethantolisten

tomyvoiceagain.她在电话的那一端告诉我她只想再听听我的声音。目前，我只想把英语学好，通过四级考试。Now,I

wantnothingmorethantostudy

EnglishwellandpasstheTEM-4examination.line5.Addingtomydistresswasthedistinctimpressionthateveryoneoncampuswaswatchingme.让我更痛苦的是我明显感觉到校园里每个人都在打量我。distress:n.[U,sing](causeof)greatpain,sorrow,suffering,etcLuke's()behaviorcausedhisparentsgreatdistress.

马拉松赛接近终点时,有些参赛者显出极难受的样子.Towardstheendofthemarathonseveralrunnersshowedsignsofdistress.distress:Vt.tomakesomeonefeelveryupset

我听到你父亲去世的噩耗,十分难过.Iwasmostdistressedtohearthesadnewsofyourfather'sdeath.add(sth)tosthtoaddinsulttoinjury

Shenotonlydeceivedhimbut,toaddinsulttoinjury,allowedhimtopayforhermeal.

toaddfueltothefire/flames

tomakeanargumentordisagreementworse

Ratherthanprovidingasolution,theirstatementsmerelyaddedfueltothefiredistinct:easilyheard,seen,feltorunderstood;definiteThefootprintsarequitedistinct;theymustbefresh.足迹清晰易辨,一定是不久前留下来的.~(fromsth)differentinkindThelearningneedsofthetwogroupsarequitedistinctfromeachother.

distinctive:havingaspecialquality,character,orappearancethatisdifferentandeasytorecognizeadistinctiveappearance,style,smell

arockbandwithadistinctivesound

Paraphraseandtranslate!MyplanwastokeepmyearsopenandmymouthshutandIhopenoonewouldnoticeIwasafreshman.IplannedtobeobservantandsilentsothatnobodywouldnoticethatIwasonlyanewcomertocollege.我打定主意:竖起耳朵,闭上嘴巴,但愿别人不知道我是个新生.Parttwo(para2-9):Culturalbackground:Americanfootball,knownintheUnitedStatessimplyasfootballandoftenasgridironoutsidetheUnitedStates,isacompetitiveteamsport.Theobjectiveofthegameistoscorepointsbyadvancingtheballintotheopposingteam'sendzone.Pointscanbescoredinavarietyofways,includingcarryingtheballovertheopponent'sgoalline,catchingapassthrownoverthatgoalline,kickingtheballthroughthegoalpostsattheopponent'sendzone,ortacklinganopposingballcarrierwithinhisendzone.Thewinneristheteamwiththemostpointswhenthetimeexpires.Footballplayers(forboys)andcheerleaders(forgirls)areverypopularoncampus./programs/view/zCvsV6Q6pjY/CheerleaderCheerleadingisanintensephysicalactivity,sometimesacompetitivesport,usingorganizedroutines,usuallyrangingfromonetothreeminutes,whichcontainthecomponentsoftumbling,dance,jumps,cheers,andstuntingtodirectspectatorsofeventstocheeronsportsteamsatgamesortoparticipateincompetitions.Thepersoninvolvediscalledacheerleader.TheNationalCheerleadersAssociation(NCA),theUniversalCheerleadersAssociation(UCA),andtheUnitedStatesAllStarFederationarethreeofthesanctioningbodiesforcheerleadingintheUSA.CheerleadingoriginatedintheUnitedStates,andremainsapredominantlyAmericanactivity,withanestimated1.5millionparticipantsinall-starcheerleading.SeemovieBringiton.Parttwo:para2-9Para2Whydidshe“raisedherhead,squaredhershoulders”?Howdidshereactwhenshesawthecollegefootballplayer?LanguagepointsSquareTosetstraightoratapproximaterightangles:Hesquaredapictureonthewall.squareone‘scap.DiscreetDiscreet:adjcarefulorshowinggoodjudgmentinwhatonesaysordoes;nottooobvious

Mysecretaryisverydiscreet.Shenevertellsanyoneanythingunconcernedaboutthecompany‘sbusiness.atadiscreetdistance我们必须极为小心才是,我丈夫已起疑了.Wemustbeextremelydiscreet;myhusbandsuspectssomething.

discreetlyadv.ClutchVttoholdorgrasptightlyThefrightenedwomanclutchedherbagtoherchest.

Vi.Totrytograsporseize(clutchatsth)Heclutchedattheropewehadthrowntohimbutcouldn'treachit.ReserveSelf-restraintinexpression;thehabitofnotshowingone’sfeelingsorthoughts:

由于沉默寡言，约克先生在同事中不受欢迎。Beingamanof

reserve,Mr.Yorkwasneverpopularwithhiscolleagues.Judyhastriedeverymeanstobreakthroughthereserveofherstepson.adj.reservedTheEnglishmanhasareputationforbeingreserved.seekout

phrv

totrytofindsomeoneorsomething,especiallywhenthisisdifficult

Ourmissionistoseekouttheenemyanddestroythem.

whereaboutsn.approximatelocationThepolicewanttoknowthewhereaboutsofhisbrother.

ad.aboutwhere;in,atornearwhatlocationWhereaboutsdoyoulive?

ScanfromPara.2toPara.8andfindoutthemistakesshemadeandherreaction.

the1stmistake:Shewenttoawrongclass.herreaction:Shestayedthere,embarrassedthe2ndmistake:Shesteppedinapuddleofketchup,droppedthefoodtrayandfelltotheground.herreaction:Sheavoidedgoingtothecafeteriaforthreedays,feelingashamed.Questionsrelatedtothe1stmistakesfromPara3toPara5Whydidshechoosetosittotheside?(Para3)Whydidcoldsweatbreakoutonthebackofherneck?(Para4)Whydidn’thechoosetoleave?Whydidhetrytolookserious?(Para5)Languagepointsgrope:totrytofindsomethingthatyoucannotseebyfeelingwithyourhands~(about)(for/aftersth)

Ginnygropedforherglassesonthebedsidetable.

他在黑暗中摸索着找门把手。Hegropedforthedoorhandleinthedark.togropeafterthetruth.grope(one‘sway)across,along,past,etc(sth):makeone’swayinthestateddirectionbyfeelingorsearching摸索着向某方向走gropeone`swayalongadarkenedcorridor

Haveyoueverbeenatseainadensefog,whenitseemedasifatangiblewhitedarknessshutyouin,andthegreatship,tenseandanxious,gropedherwaytowardtheshorewithplummetandsounding-line,andyouwaitedwithbeatingheartforsomethingtohappen?(byHelenKeller)tipoff:givesbanadvancewarningorhintDidyourteachertipyouoffaboutthefinalexam?有人事先向警方报告了会有抢劫的消息.

Someonetippedoffthepoliceabouttherobbery.

Oralpractice:youmusthaveexperiencedsomesimilarembarrassingincidentoncampus.pleaseshareitwithothers.Detailsrelatedtothe2stmistakesfromPara6toPara7Howdidthestudentsreactwhensheslippedandfelldown?Andhowtheauthorfeelaboutit?Whydidshedineonjunkfoodforthenextthreedays?SentencestudyIpiledmytraywithsandwichgoodiesandwasheadingforthesaladbar

when

Iaccidentallysteppedinalargepuddleofketchup.when在此句中表示“这时（突然）……”。表此意时，when往往放在句中。goody(inf)(a)pleasantthingtoeat;sweet,cake,etcToomanygoodieswillmakeyousick.(b)desirablething:

Thecompetitiongivesyouthechancetowinallsortsofgoodies.

Anexample我正在路上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍拍我的肩膀。Iwaswalkingalongtheroad

when

suddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulderfrombehind.maneuver(AmE)manoeuvre

(BrE)askilfulorcarefulmovementthatyoumakeAcarefuldriverwilloftenstoptalkingbeforecarryingoutacomplexmaneuver.

brigadeagroupofpeoplewhoareorganizedtodosomethingfirebrigadetheanti-nuclearbrigade

sneaksneakinto,outof,past,etcsth;sneakin,out,away,back,past,etc

Thecatatethefoodandsneakedoff.

猫吃完食物就偷偷跑了他偷了钱後从房子里溜了出去.Hestolethemoneyandsneakedoutofthehouse.paraphraseAsmyrearendmetthefloor,Isawmyentirelifepassbeforemyeyes;itendedwithmyfirstdayofcollegeclasses.WhenIfelldowntothefloor,IwassodesperatethatitseemedthatIcouldrecallmywholelifeinafewseconds,andmylifecametotheendonmyfirstdayatcollegeMyreactiontotheabovemistake(Para8)

What’sthereaction?Iavoidedgoingtothecafeteriaforthreedays,feelingashamed.Howwouldyoureactifyousufferedfromthesamemistakes?TranslationpracticeForthreedays,Idinedaloneonnothingmorethanhumiliation,shame,andanassortmentofjunkfoodfromamachinestrategicallyplacedoutsidemyroom.

整整三天，我一直被耻辱和羞愧感所困扰，凑合着吃了各种各样的垃圾食物——似乎有人知道我的窘境而有意将自动售货机安放在我门外似的。TranslationpracticePerhapsthreedayswaslongenoughforthecampuspopulationtohaveforgottenme.兴许三天时间已经足以让校园里的人把我忘在脑后.Para9Whatdoeshemeanby“metthesamefateasIhad”?What’sthisguy’sreactiontotheincident?Hegotup,handsheldhighabovehisheadinvictoryclasp,grinningfromeartoear.Heturnedaroundandbeganpreparinganothertray.Whatdidtheincidenthelptheauthorrealize?Ihadbeentakingmyselffartooseriously.grinLanguagepointsMyheartwentouttohim.Ifeltalotofsympathytowardshim.Myheartwentouttothechildrenwhohadlosttheirparentsintheearthquake.TranslationpracticeHegotup,handsheldhighabovehisheadinvictoryclasp,grinningfromeartoear.他站起身,咧嘴大笑,双手紧握高举在头顶上,作出胜利的姿势.slinkmoveasifonefeelsguiltyorashamed,ordoesnotwanttobeseenThethiefslunkdownthedarkalley.那个贼偷偷钻进黑胡同里.*ThedogslunkoutwhenIshoutedathim.我向那条狗一喊,它就溜出去了.Edwardwashopingtoslinkpastunnoticed.

Part3(10-14)WhatwasthekeylessonEvelynHeraldlearnedduringherfirstfewweeksincollege?WhatlessonshaveyoulearnedfromEvelyn’sexperiencesafterreadingthearticle?Languagepointsmalicious:

havingthenatureorwishtohurtothersamaliciousremark/girlmaliciousgossipn.maliceShecertainlybearsyounomalice.她对你肯定没有恶意.她是出于恶意而那样做的.

Shediditoutofmalice.

merelyHe'smerelyaboy-youcan'texpecthimtounderstand.

我们仅仅是好朋友，并没有在谈恋爱。Wearemerelygoodfriends,notdating.tellmeaboutit

usedtosaythatyoualreadyknowhowbadsomethingis,especiallybecauseyouhaveexperiencedityourself

'I'vebeensotiredlately.''Yeah,tellmeaboutit!'

ParaphrasePopularitywasnotsoimportant:runningwiththecrowdwasnolongeralawofsurvival.Itdidn’tmatterwhetherornotyouwerewidelyacceptedoradmired.Youdidnothavetobehavetothelikingofeverybodyelse.ParaphraseThiswasmybigchancetodomyownthing,bemyownwoman——ifIcouldgetpastmypreoccupationwithdoingeverythingperfectly.SolongasIcouldgiveuptheattempttobeperfectineverything,IwouldwellbeabletodowhatIwantedinthewayIwascomfortablewith.preoccupation~(withsth)stateofconstantlythinkingorworryingaboutsth;obsessionShefoundhispreoccupationwithmoneyirritating.她发觉他心里只有钱,感到很生气.Hismainpreoccupationatthattimewasgettingenoughtoeat.他那时盘算的是如何填饱肚子.shackle

Cusupl通常作复数]eitherofapairofmetalringslinkedbyachain,usedforfasteningaprisoner'swristsoranklestogether手铐;脚镣;镣铐.

shackles[pl]the~sofsth(fig比喻)conditions,circumstances,etcthatpreventonefromactingorspeakingfreely束缚;羁绊:theshacklesofconvention习俗的束缚.

警察给嫌疑犯戴上了手铐。Thepolicemanplacedshacklesonthesuspect’shands.It’shardtobreakthroughtheshacklesofhabit.打破习俗的限制并非易事。TranslationpracticeIgaveuptryingtoactmywaythroughcollegeandbegannotactingatall.在以后的大学生活里,我不再试图做什么姿态,而是顺其自然.我明白大学时期可能会是唯一的哪怕犯了许多愚蠢错误都可以得到完全谅解的时期。

College,Idecided,

was

probablytheonlytime

Iwouldbecompletelyforgivenformassivemistakes.

back童年是我们一生中唯一没有烦恼的一段时期。Childhoodis

theonlytimewehavenoworriesinourlivesPresidencywastheonlytime

hewouldratherneverforget.那段总统任期是他永远也不想忘记的唯一的一段时期。Examplesbackmassivelarge,heavyandsolid；substantialamassivemonument,rockMyphonebillisgoingtobemassivethismonth.

Hesufferedamassive(ieverysevere)heartattack.

TrytoconnecttheseseparatedsentencesintoacompletepassageIgotverynervouswhenIwasleftaloneonthecampusthefirstday.____wenttothewrongclass.Theninthecafeteria,Iaccidentallysteppedinapuddleofketchup,droppedthefoodtrayandfelltotheground.____mademefeltashamed.______

Onthefourthday,I____healsodroppedthefoodtrayandfelltotheground._____,heseemedtofeelthatnothingserioushadhappened.ThenIrealizedthat_____.Ibecameawarethatitdidn’tmatterifonemadeanymistakesincollegeandmakingmistakes______.SummaryQuestionsDoyoustillrememberanymistakesyouhavemadeincollege?Inyourlife?Whatwerethey?

Howshouldweencourageothersorourselvestodevelopahealthyattitudetomistakes?

PerhapsthegreatestMistakeanyonecanmakeisbeingconsciousofnevermakingany.ForitisindeedatruismthatthemanwhonevermakesaMistakeisalsotheonewhoneverdoesanythingTheerrorofthepastisthewisdomandsuccessofthefuture.Toerrishuman.backSummaryQuestionsVocabularyexerciseI(p6)1.Ihadjustthefeelingofanewcomertocollegewithoutthestrengthonlyanexperinecedstudentmightpossess.2.myapparentconfidenc3.somefoodtoappeasemyhunger4.goingwiththetideofthemajoritywasnolongercrucialtoyoursuccessincollege5.restraints6.foolishandglaringmistakesListeningpractice/programs/view/a17J7CZhV0s//v_show/id_XNDU5NzU1NjQ=.html“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs”—HongYe“机会之门就在前方”ThefirstdoorIseeisthe(1)_____tostudydifferentkindsof(2)____thatinterestus.Myauntsaidshewashappytostudy(3)_____,butshewasalsohappythatshecouldattendlectureson(4)____ChinesepoetryandonShakespearedrama.Asformyself,IamanEnglish(5)___,butImayalsogotolecturesonhistory.Tome,ifcollegeeducationinthepastemphasized(6)___,now,itemphasizesfreeand(7)___developmentofeachindividual.Soallthefineachievementsofhuman(8)____areopentous.Theseconddooristhedoortothe——.Learninggoesbeyondclassroomsandnational——.Myauntremembersherpreviouscollegedaysas——andevencallshergeneration"frogsinawell.“Buttoday,astheworldbecomesa——village,itisimportantthatourneighborsandwebe——tolearnwithandfromeachother.Thethirddooristhedoorto——learning.Asnewideasappearallthetime,wealwaysneedto——newknowledge,regardlessofour——.Naturally,myauntherselfisthebestexample.Manyofmyaunt'scontemporariessaythatsheisamazingly——foramiddle-agedwoman.Shesimplyresponds,"Agedoesn'tmatter.Whatmattersisyour——.Youmaythinkit'sstrangethatIamstillgoingtocollege,butIdon'tthinkI'mtoooldtolearn."ThefirstdoorIseeistheopportunitytostudydifferentkindsofsubjectsthatinterestus.Myauntsaidshewashappytostudymanagement,butshewasalsohappythatshecouldattendlecturesonancientChinesepoetryandonShakespearedrama.Asformyself,IamanEnglishmajor,butImayalsogotolecturesonhistory.Tome,ifcollegeeducationinthepastemphasizedspecialization,now,itemphasizesfreeandwell-roundeddevelopmentofeachindividual.Soallthefineachievementsofhumancivilizationareopentous.Theseconddooristhedoortotheoutsideworld.Learninggoesbeyondclassroomsandnationalboundaries.Myauntremembersherpreviouscollegedaysasmonotonousandevencallshergeneration"frogsinawell.“Buttoday,astheworldbecomesaglobalvillage,itisimportantthatourneighborsandwebeopen-mindedtolearnwithandfromeachother.Thethirddooristhedoortolifelonglearning.Asnewideasappearallthetime,wealwaysneedtoacquirenewknowledge,regardlessofourage.Naturally,myauntherselfisthebestexample.Manyofmyaunt'scontemporariessaythatsheisamazinglyup-to-dateforamiddle-agedwoman.Shesimplyresponds,"Agedoesn'tmatter.Whatmattersisyourattitude.Youmaythinki