第二部分 必修四 Unit 10 Money

(一)根据汉语提示写出短语1.

推迟*2.

失业

3.

赠送给，泄露(秘密)4.

退出，退学

5.

谋生

6.

决心做某事

7.

凭空想出，虚构出putoff

outofwork giveawaydropoutmake/earnalivingbedeterminedtododreamup*8.

轮流*9.

对……关心，挂念

10.

不理睬，拒绝*11.

厌倦了……*12.

吸引……

13.

确切地说*14.

而且，此外*15.

将……与……联系起来taketurnsbeconcernedaboutturnone’sbackonbetiredof...appealto...tobeexactwhat’smorebeassociatedwith1．defeatvt.战胜，击败；挫败，使落空n.战胜，挫败；战败，失败ItwastheRomanswhofirstspoketheLatinlanguageandastheydefeatedthepeopleofEurope,...(教材P6原句)是罗马人首先讲拉丁语的，并在他们击败了欧洲人后，……[个性比较]

defeat,beat,windefeatdefeat和beat这两个动词都可表示在战斗中或在竞赛中“战胜”敌人或对手，常跟表示人的词作宾语，此时两个词可以换用beatbeat词义较广，除表示“战胜”外，还可表示“敲打”、“心跳”等，而defeat则无此义winwin作及物动词时常跟game,argument,battle,prize,money等名词作宾语，而不跟表示“人”的名词作宾语[多维演练]A：选词填空

(win,beat,defeat)①Muchtohisdisappointment,hewasbadly

intheelection.②Whodoyouthinkwill

theelection?③You

meintherace,butI'llyouattennis.④Shecouldfeelherheart

withfear.defeatedwinbeat/defeatedbeat/defeatbeatingB：单项填空⑤IntheALL­STARGAMEinDenverin2010,Wadehas________otherNBAstarsandgottheMVP.A．won

B．beatenC．defeat D．attacked解析：考查动词辨析。win后接比赛类事物；

beat,defeat后接对象或人；

defeat应用defeated。答案：B2．earnvt.挣得，赚得；赢得(名誉、地位、赞扬、尊敬等)Hiscompanymakesalotofmoneyandsoheearnsagoodsalary.(教材P7原句)他的公司赚了很多钱，因此他的薪水也很高。Graduatesearnmorethannon­graduates.(选自2010年高考北京卷·阅读D)大学毕业生挣的钱要比非大学毕业生多。earnrespect/praisefrom...赢得……的尊重/赞誉

谋生earnmoney挣钱，赚钱earnprofit获得利润earnsb.sth.给某人赢得某物earnone'sliving[多维演练]A：完成句子①我利用晚上工作，已经挣了好多钱。Ihave

byworkingintheevenings.②他的成就使他赢得了尊敬和钦佩。Hisachievements

andadmiration.earnedalotofmoneyearnedhimrespectB：单项填空③Youcan________respectfromothers________thatway.A.get;by

B.earn;inC.receive;of D.earn;from解析：句意：你可以用那种方法赢得他人的尊重。“赢得尊重”用earnrespect;“用……方法”用in...way。答案：B3．determinevt.确定，决定Alotofpeoplearedeterminedtobecomeamillionaire.(教材P8原句)很多人一心想成为百万富翁。Determinedtodothisonmyown,Ispentseveralweeksgoingdoor­to­doorforajob,butfoundlittleresponse.(选自2011年高考安徽卷·完形)决定靠自己找一份工作，我花了几周的时间上门找工作，但是几乎没有收到什么回应。(1)determine

sth.确定某事determinetodosth.确定去做某事determinesb.

sth.使某人决定做某事determinethat...决定……(2)determinedadj.坚决的，有决心的bedeterminedtodosth.下定决心去做某事(3)determinationn.决心，决定；确定；决断ontodoTheydeterminedonleavingthecountry.他们决定离开这个国家。Whatdeterminedyoutoaccepttheoffer?什么原因使你接受这项提议。Thecourtdeterminedthatthemanwasguiltyofdrunkendriving.法官判决那个人酒后开车有罪。[思考归纳]想一想，表示“决定/决心做某事”的短语有哪些？determinetodosth.;decidetodosth.;makeadecisiontodosth.;makeupone‘smindtodosth.;bedeterminedtodosth.[多维演练]A：语境填词①He

hismind(下决心)tostudyabroad,sohewasburiedinbooks,

(下决心)toimprovehisEnglish.Finallyhiseffortspaidoffandhewaspleasedwiththe

(他所做的决定).Soifyou

(决心)something,beamanof

(果断)anddoit.madeupdetermineddecisionhehadmadedecide/determinedeterminationB：单项填空②Heis________tocatchupwithhisclassmatesafterbeingencouragedbytheheadteacher.A．devoted

B．determinedC．depressed D．delivered解析：bedevotedto...“致力于……”，其中的to是介词，后面须跟动词­ing形式、代词和名词。depressed“情绪沮丧的”；

deliver“投递，交付”，这两个词的意义与句子不相符。bedeterminedtodosth.“决心做某事”。句意：在受到班主任的鼓励后，他决心赶上他的同学们。答案：B4．concernvt.关于，关系到，参与；使担心n.关心，担忧；关心的人或事Somemillionairescontinuetobeconcernedaboutmoneywhentheybecomemillionaires.(教材P8原句)有些人成为百万富翁后还继续为钱烦恼。Hehasalsotraveledaroundtheworldobservingenvironmentalconcerns.(选自2011年高考安徽卷·阅读A)他也周游世界观察环境问题。SuicidesfromfinancialcrisiscauseconcerninUS.在美国因金融危机导致的自杀引起人们的关注。(1)beconcernedabout/for关心；挂念

oneisconcerned就某人而言beconcerned

与……有关；涉及到；

参与(2)It'snoconcernofmine/yours.这不关我/你的事。asfaraswith[多维演练]A：语境填词①ProfessorHuang

(关心)worldpeaceandhumanprogress.Healsomakesitclearthathisresearchworkshould

(关注)thefarmers'income.

(就他而言),toincreasethefarmers'incomeisgreaterimportancethananythingelse.isconcernedabout/forconcern/beconcernedwithAsfarasheisconcernedB：高考作文高级表达②依我看(asfarasI‘mconcerned)，自行车是解决由汽车引起的问题的一个好方法。(2011·江西高考书面表达)AsfarasI'mconcerned,bicyclesareagoodsolutiontotheproblemcausedbycars.5．awareadj.知道的，意识到的“Afewyearsago，”saysCharles,“Iwasamillionaire,butIwasawaretherewerealotofhungrypeopleintheworld.”(教材P8原句)查尔斯说：“几年前，我曾是个百万富翁，但我意识到世界上还有许许多多忍饥挨饿的人。”(1)be/becomeaware

sth.知道，明白，意识到某事be/becomeawarethat...明白，意识到……(2)awarenessn.意识，觉悟of[多维演练]A：完成句子①Inconclusion,peoplearoundtheworldshould

(知道水资源短缺的真实情况)．②

(她突然意识到)someonelookingather.beawareoftherealsituationofwatershortageShesuddenlybecameawareofB：单项填空③Mostteenagersarenot________thedangerofplayingcomputergames,whichIthinkdoesmoreharmthangoodtothem.A．wellawareto B．wellawareofC．awarethat D．veryawareof解析：考查短语beawareof的用法。bewellawareof“对……相当清楚”。句意：很多青少年对玩电脑游戏的危害认识不清，我认为玩电脑游戏对他们来说弊大于利。答案：B7．ashamedadj.羞耻的，惭愧的Sheisnotashamedtosayshehasnotgotmuchmoney.(教材P11原句)她毫无愧色地说她没有多少钱。Theoldbucketfeltveryashamedbecauseofitsholes.(选自2011年重庆卷·阅读A)因为它的裂口，旧桶感到很惭愧。(1)beashamed

sth./sb./oneself对某事/某人自己感到羞愧beashamedtodosth.耻于做某事；因难为情而不愿

做某事beashamedthat...对……感到内疚(2)shamen.羞愧；遗憾

one'sshame使某人感到惭愧的是It'sashamethat...真惭愧/真遗憾……(3)shamefuladj.可耻的；丢脸的shamelessadj.不知羞耻的oftoIwasdeeplyashamedofmybehaviourattheparty.我对自己在晚会上的行为深感羞愧。IamashamedtosaythatIliedtoyou.我真不好意思说我向你撒了谎。Tomyshame,Irefusedtolistentoherexplanationofthestory.使我感到惭愧的是，我拒绝听她对事情的解释。B：单项填空④Shefelt________ofwhatshehaddonetothepoor.A．shameful B．shameC．shameless D．ashamed解析：feelashamedofsth.“对某事感到羞耻”。答案：D8．annoyvt.打搅，使烦恼Ifthepersonsays“no”，

sheisannoyed.(教材P10原句)如果一个人说“不”，那说明她生气了。...,butaftersomeminutestheywalkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.(选自2011年高考广东卷·语法填空)……几分钟后他们走开了坐在我的附近，看上去很恼火。(1)annoyedadj.恼怒的；气恼的beannoyed

sb.对某人生气beannoyedat/aboutsth.因某事生气beannoyedby...被……惹恼beannoyedtodosth.做某事生气beannoyedthat...因……而恼火(2)

adj.令人恼火的，令人生气的withannoyingShewasannoyedwithTomforhisforgettingherbirthday.汤姆忘了她的生日，让她很生气。Iwasannoyedthathehadleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.他的不辞而别让我很恼火。Hewasannoyedatbeingwokenupsoearly.这么早被叫醒，他很是气愤。Hermostannoyinghabitwaseatingwithhermouthopen.她最令人讨厌的习惯就是吃东西的时候张着嘴。[多维演练]A：用annoy的适当形式填空①Pleasestopmakingthatnoise;it'sgetting

.②Jackfelt

tofindhisfriendshadleftwithouttellinghim.③Fredwasan

boy.Healways

almosteverybodyaroundhim.Peoplewereall

withhimforhisrudenessanddishonesty.annoyingannoyedannoyingannoyedannoyedB：单项填空④What________themothermostwasheronlyson's________behaviour.A．annoyed;annoying

B．annoyed;annoyedC．annoying;annoyed D．annoying;annoying解析：句意：让这位母亲最恼火的是她独生子的恼人的行为。annoysb.“使某人恼火”；

annoying是形容词，意为“令人恼火的”，常修饰物。答案：A9．appealvi.吸引，引起兴趣；呼吁，恳求；上诉，申诉n.上诉，申诉；吸引力Well,ifbuyingabagofcandiesorcookiesdoesn'tappealtoyou,howaboutbuyingatreeinstead？(教材P12原句)你如果对买包糖果或甜点不感兴趣的话，买棵树怎么样？(1)appeal

sb.使某人喜欢；吸引某人appealto...against...不服……而上诉……appealtosb.forsth.向某人呼吁/请求某事appealtosb.

sth.呼吁某人做某事(2)makeanappealtosb.向某人发出呼吁，引起某

人的兴趣totodo[多维演练]A：完成句子①联合国呼吁全世界救援受灾地区的人们。TheUN

thepeopleinthedisasterareas.②湖南电视台的“超女”节目尤其受年轻人的喜欢。Theprogramme“SuperGirls”onHunanTV

.③他请求朋友们支持。He

support.appealedtothewholeworldtorescueappealsespeciallytoyoungpeopleappealedtohisfriendsforB：单项填空④(2010·安徽高考)—HowdidyoulikeNick'sperformancelastnight?—Tobehonest,hissingingdidn't________tomemuch.A．appeal B．belongC．refer D．occur解析：考查动词辨析。答语的意思是：老实说，他的歌唱不太吸引我。appealto“吸引”，符合句意。belongto“属于”；

referto“暗指，提到，查阅”；

occurto“被想起”。答案：A10．replacevt.代替，取代；放回原处Well,it'sadisktoreplaceourtextbook.(教材P17原句)其实它是一个可以代替教科书的磁盘。Mywonderfulcamerawouldveryquicklybereplacedbyanewmodel.(选自2010年高考浙江卷·阅读E)我的好相机将很快被新款相机取代。JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtoreplacehim.约翰病了，我想知道谁要替他。Youhavetoreplacethebooksontheshelvesbeforeyouleave.你离开之前必须把书放回书架上。(1)replacesth.

sth.用某物替换某物(2)inplaceof＝

inone'splace代替take

of＝

takeone'splace代替with/bytheplaceYou'dbetterreplacethebrokenwindowwithanewonetocelebratetheChristmas.为了庆祝圣诞节你最好把破旧的窗户换成新的。Plasticsmaytaketheplaceofmetalinmanyaspects.在许多方面塑料可以替代金属。[多维演练]A：翻译句子①没有什么东西能取代母爱。(replace)②课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。(replace)Nothingcanreplacethemother'slove.Teacherswillneverbereplacedbycomputersintheclassroom.③他不适合(fit)这项工作，所以我们另雇(hire)了个人代替他。(inplaceof)Heisnotfitforthejob,thereforewe‘vehiredanewoneinplaceofhim.B：单项填空④(2011·安徽高考)—Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?—Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut______.A．willneverreplace

B．wouldneverreplaceC．willneverbereplaced D．wouldneverbereplaced解析：考查时态和语态。答话人认为商店购物将与家庭购物并存，但是永远不会被取代。it与replace之间是被动关系，再结合本句的时态

willexist可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态。

答案：C1．giveaway赠送给；泄露(秘密)；颁发；失去，错失Thereforehegaveawayallhismoneytocharities.(教材P8原句)因此，他把所有钱财都捐给了慈善机构。结合下列例句，写出giveaway的不同意义：①Hegaveallhislandsawaytothecity.

②Shegaveawaystatesecretstotheenemy.

③Themayorgaveawaytheprizesattheschoolspeechday.④WouldtheyletShaybatandgiveawaytheirchancetowinthegame？(选自2011年高考江苏卷·阅读D)

赠送给泄露颁发失去giveoff发出(光、热、气味等)give

分发，分配；散发；用尽；精疲力竭give

(向……)屈服/投降；(向……)提交giveup放弃givewayto撤退；让步；让路；让……优先outin(to)Hewouldratherdiethangiveintotheenemy.他宁死不屈服于敌人。Afteramonththeirfoodsuppliesgaveout.一个月以后他们的食物贮备消耗殆尽。[多维演练]A：用give的相关短语填空①Thefreshflowers

asweetfragrance.②You've

agoodchanceofsuccess.③Thedoctors

myuncle

tenyearsago,buthe'sstillalive!④Werefusedto

theirunreasonabledemands.giveoffgivenawaygaveupgivewaytoB：单项填空⑤(2009·安徽高考)Wetriedtofindatableforseven,buttheywereall________.A．givenaway B．keptawayC．takenup D．usedup解析：考查动词短语。giveaway“泄露(秘密)，赠送”；

keepaway“远离……”；

takeup“举起，拿起，占据，从事”；

useup“用完，耗尽”。句意：我们努力寻找一张能容纳七个人吃饭的桌子，但是这些桌子都被占了。答案：C2．dropout退出，退学，消失，衰退CharlesGraydecidedtodropoutandhasdiscoveredthathavingonlyalittlemoneymakesyoufree.(教材P8原句)查尔斯·格雷决定退出富人圈，他发现只有少量的钱财可以使人自由。behindatspDon'tdropbehindtheothersonthetrailincaseyougetlost.路上别掉队，以免迷路。Mytopbuttonhasdroppedoff.我衣服最上面的那颗扣子掉了。SomechildrenstilldropoutofschoolinthewesternareasofChinatoday.今天在中国西部地区仍有一些孩子辍学。WhenIgotoBeijingonbusiness,I'lldropinatyourhouse.当我出差去北京时，我会顺便拜访你家的。[多维演练]A：用drop的相关短语填空①Dwyerhadto

theracebecauseofinjury.②Thepaintonthewallhas

withtimegoingon.③Themanager

theboss'officeseveraltimesaday.dropoutofdroppedoffdropsinatB：单项填空④Luckily,I________beforethedealturnedbad,whichsavedmemuchmoney.A．droppedout

B．turnedoutC．gaveout D．gotout解析：句意：幸运的是，在交易失败前我退出了，这使我节约了大量的钱。dropout“退出”；

turnout“结果是”；

giveout“发布，发出”；

getout“离开，泄露”。答案：ATherearecertainlynosignsthatCharleswasarichman!当然没有任何迹象表明查尔斯曾是一个富翁！(1)本句是一个复合句，由

that

引导同位语从句，解释说明名词

signs的内容。(2)连接词

that引导同位语从句时，跟在某些抽象名词如

fact,hope,desire,thought,suggestion,idea,news,problem,possibility,chance,plan等之后，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用。Mr.Greenbroughtusthesurprisingnewsthattheso­calledfamousscientistwhocametogiveatalkwasinfactacheat.格林先生给我们带来了令人吃惊的消息：来作报告的所谓的著名科学家实际上是一个骗子。TheadvicethatweshouldpractiseasmuchaswecantoimproveourEnglishisveryuseful.我们应该尽可能多地练习以提高我们的英语水平的建议很有用。Shesentwordthatshewouldbelate.她捎信来说她要晚些来。[多维演练]A：完成句子①对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。Theywereallworriedover

youweresick.②谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。

shoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.thefactthatThequestionwho③我不知道他什么时候回来。Ihaveno

hewillcomeback.④杰克得知了整个村子都处在极度危险中的消息。Jackgottoknow

thewholevillagewasingreatdanger.ideawhenthenewsthatB：单项填空⑤—Allthebuildingmaterialshavebeenwashedaway.—SoIhaveheard.Buttherewasnosign________aheavyrainwasonthewaylastnight.A．when B.ifC.which D.that解析：句意：“所有的建筑材料都被冲走了。”“我听说了。但是昨天夜里并没有要下暴雨的迹象。”aheavyrainwasonthewaylastnight作sign的同位语，同位语从句中不缺任何成分，故用that作引导词。答案：D本单元中还有以下知识点需要特别关注。1．pleasedadj.高兴的，满意的bepleasedtodosth.

很高兴做……bepleasedwith... 对……满意pleasevt.&vi. (使……)高兴，(使……)满意pleasuren. 愉快，高兴(It's)mypleasure 别客气，非常高兴为您服务withpleasure 愉快地，乐意地pleasantadj. 令人愉快的2．commentv．&n.评论commenton... 对……评论nocomment 无可奉告makecommentson 对……做评论3．amusementn．乐趣，娱乐活动amusesb./oneself 使……高兴beamusedat/by 被……逗乐4．containvt.包含，含有Ricecontainsproteinandfat.大米含蛋白质和脂肪。5．removevt.移走，挪走；开除removesth.from... 把……从……移开6．focusvt.&vi.(使)集中(使)聚焦n.焦点focuson 集中于……focusone'smind/attention/eyeson...集中某人的心思/注意力/目光于……不定代词与不定式1．(2011·全国卷Ⅱ)Igotthisbicyclefor______：

Myfriendgaveittomewhensheboughtanewone.A．everything B．somethingC．anything D．nothing解析：考查不定代词。根据“Myfriendgaveittome”可知，我免费得到了这辆自行车，因此用nothing,fornothing表示“免费；不花钱”。答案：D2．(2012·东城检测一)Anotherprimaryschoolisreported________forchildreninWenchuannow.A．tohavebeenbuilt B．tohavebuiltC．beingbuilt D．tobebuilding解析：句意：据报道现在又给汶川的孩子们建了另外一所小学。此句是“It'sreportedthatanotherprimaryschoolhasbeenbuiltforchildrenin