red hat linu系统的安装过程

光驱安装或U盘充作光驱安装安装准备：购买redhat的安装光盘或或者下载镜像文件（后缀是.iso）硬盘中至少留2个分区给安装系统用挂载点所用分区4G以上交换分区swap，250M左右比较合适记录电脑中下列设备型号：鼠标、键盘、显卡、网卡、显示器网络设置用到的IP地址、子网掩码、默认网关、DNS名称服务器地址信息等安装过程：（1） 启动服务器，按F2,进入bios设置：选择boot选项，boot:Bootoption#1:如果是光驱安装，则设置光驱启动；如果是U盘安装，则设置USB启动（类似USB2.0USBFlashDrive0.00）—＞选择save选项，保存并退出；或者，如果光驱支持自启动，将直接出现下面的（2） Boot：linuxtextconsole=ttyS0,115200n1,回车（3）CDFuuitdE<FIZ>nextSL：r-iE«!HkTn 1nCDFuuitdE<FIZ>nextSL：r-iE«!HkTn 1n1?尺拜1.Hriqr 〔：I*MrdIn恰匕卩门匕,ILaIlution UK.erprisi*r.1milh："椁ru母lEhcn■崟上 Skipt<iski±hetmndintrst.提示：是否测试安装CD的内容的完整性，选“Ok”开始测试安装CD,选“Skip”不测试安装CD（第一次安装当然要测试安装CD,选“Ok”后回车）安装过程中，可以对安装介质做检测，因检测时间慢，为提高效率，建议选择Skip”来跳过（4）进入欢迎的界面：

L：unwluKedH(kt-^iFlerpriifsLihum r<Tab>z1t-Tab>butuecnelencnts<；Spflce>selects<F1Z>nextscreenU氏IrcciactoRedHatEnterpriseLi1111xServer-?jBedHatEiiterpriEeLinuxServerOk”5）进入选择安装语言的界面：fixRiickL：unwluKedH(kt-^iFlerpriifsLihum r<Tab>z1t-Tab>butuecnelencnts<；Spflce>selects<F1Z>nextscreenU氏IrcciactoRedHatEnterpriseLi1111xServer-?jBedHatEiiterpriEeLinuxServerOk”5）进入选择安装语言的界面：fixRiick<Tftb>7<AIt-Tnb>b&tweencI<Space>eclects<F1Z>nextscreen]La»gnaijeSe?IcCIidmfWhatlarguLogfc-Nasi]dy口u1iketouseduringthe 13ationTpr-occss?C«l«tInmCh：incse:(SiMjp1ificd)ChincEE(Traditiona3)CrQfltianCzentibuluhEi：<FfTOh!to ndThinteppriNie：limu>；aevhp选择安装向导所用语（不是安装系统所用语），一般是English6）安装方式：通过什么安装的或用来安装的那个linux在什么地方？LocalCDROM本地光盘——如果是光盘的话，应该选第一个，光驱安装Harddrive本地硬盘NFSImage网上邻居映像文件FTPFTP服务器Httphttp服务器

Ok”7）进入安装序列号界面选择（*）SkipenteringinstallationNumber,“Ok”（8）进入授权认证界面：“Skip”（9）进入分区类型界面：注释：安装程序需要对您的硬盘进行分区.大多数用户使用默认的分区布局对就可以了你可以选择使用默认分区布局或创建您自己的分区布局；删除所选驱动器上的所有分区并创建默认分区布局；在所选驱动器上的空闲磁盘空间上创建默认分区布局；创建自定义的分区布局。

选择“Createcustomlayout”，进行分区的详细设置。（10）如果你的硬盘没有进行格式化，出现以下界面hr1Riztinn<F2>Adadriuft<F12>n^xtRf'TjriKFUiiuxSeruH：r■)Pflrlitiuming!fypehr1Riztinn<F2>Adadriuft<F12>n^xtRf'TjriKFUiiuxSeruH：r■)Pflrlitiuming!fypeFij^lrirrtifitgftE?dHritRnrcatecustioMIaijout』Z8^?3HB(UHtjiarcjUtluMfeTtiUiritisISJBemijwaIIpdrIitiori^cinSr1tit;teddrivesamdcrtriItdefahLiLcryuul・BemDVE1imuxjjafIilioikEonSEiecleddrivesandcreatedeTauIt1.4you!・Ub七『ruu!spfl.c;亡0n名Dleutuddlriy匕s：nndghd®七匕皿匕｛*出l"tldjjEHLt』 Uhichdrlu*2(s1dgifniLuanttniisfifcirthisInst^Il^tInn?[*JInstallationrcqiiirespartitioningofyourhard孔Tiw.ThedefaiiItlayoutis^sosQnablcCotinostusers.Youcaneitherchooseta\is^thIsorcreateijcuroun-Ok”11）进入手动分区界面：“New”：新建分区“Edit”：编辑已经分好的分区“Del”：删除分区“RAID”：软RAID

/boot,/分区设成主分区，选定Forcetobeprimarypartition?KgjimH9Q^g^22S3SE13HKQSS33LJd卩Fl-HelpFZ-Hcwrii-KesEtFlii-UKra-EdiLF-I-DcLcLePartIt.loirMimintPi：ihit：<Nut倉pPI和:nbI亡AfilIciuab1eBriLJd卩Fl-HelpFZ-Hcwrii-KesEtFlii-UKra-EdiLF-I-DcLcLePartIt.loirMimintPi：ihit：<Nut倉pPI和:nbI亡AfilIciuab1eBrivce:FreeFarcetaaprimarypartitIon/deM/EKlsdalsdaZ|(*)Fixe/IiwdxiHinr 出匕of(MB)»ft11 1<ibLespeice'FileSijst&mitype:softwareRAIDFileSysteiatejpn;freeFixedSize!：FillMAXiKLlIttsizeDf(FIB)J)Fillallaum1labFileSysteiatejpn;freeFixedSize!：FillMAXiKLlIttsizeDf(FIB)J)Fillallaum1lab1espace:F3EditF4Belcteepvt：r/dew/sdsda1s：da2ifd<i3Size(HBJHauntFuint:5AI1awablcDriues:f/log分区用来存放日志文件和相关的临时备份文件&IcgmctoRedllatEnierpriseLinuxServerFi!eSystemty.pc:BK12FixedSize!kirfluiTi科9&IcgmctoRedllatEnierpriseLinuxServerFi!eSystemty.pc:BK12FixedSize!kirfluiTi科9北眠rif4HU)!&些11山i]直b]£密：ForcEtoBerprimaaryp別jp11UCiKi|/dcwzsdsdal占述理2f\1lownblePriues-1*1BCTWiF4—片已1門-血1吐一!1肚站/www分区作为最后一个分区，它作为web根目录，所以把剩下的硬盘空间完全分给/www分区，选定“Fillallavailablespace”，并选“Ok”进行硬盘分区写入所有分区设置完成之后点击“Ok”，将进入引导装载程序配置界面，如下图：nr|BuntIpAderCrsnrIgfiir-citInr|BuntIpAderCrsnrIgfiir-citIontWliicJhbootloaderucmldyouIIkstouse?rruxtwierDienUseGRIJRBontLnndcr、NoBootLoader!（11）引导装载程序配置：选择“使用GRUB引导装载程序”，然后按“Ok”随后将出现引导装载程序配置界面，女口下图：护再flatThtKirprTRirLImixSiprufirL」atiliUbfasswurd<7<ib>z11Tab>betweenelementsS*<i匸亡》weI上百<F1Z>fliextsereinDootLoaderCcniE1iyurationfBnotLandauPassword:Confirm；ftboolLoaderpa^^wurdpcevemisusersfrcimdrbitrftryoptionsIdL」atiliUbfasswurd<7<ib>z11Tab>betweenelementsS*<i匸亡》weI上百<F1Z>fliextsereinDootLoaderCcniE1iyurationfBnotLandauPassword:Confirm；ftboolLoaderpa^^wurdpcevemisusersfrcimdrbitrftryoptionsId~thukerneI.KorhighestsecuritijJuerecorwm&ndsettingapassword?'huithisis：nntTtieceasaryfottnorccasua]ussrs.（12）编辑引导项的界面：按“Ok”出现选择何处安装引导装载程序的界面，如下图:（13）选择何处安装引导装载程序：

IWijifiLLil白朮倉rflintLtJEin[Uh&rcdagonMcinttainsta11thebootiDad&r?IWijifiLLil白朮倉rflintLtJEin[Uh&rcdagonMcinttainsta11thebootiDad&r?/dev^SfdflldftuzsflaHrJit巳lR^0tBftcorrflfHEIR1<Tab>/<A11-Tnb>betweenclementE<riZ>nextscreentiriIsetlurufbuuIpartiIio^i选择主引导记录（MBR）后，按“Ok”出现网络配置的界面:（14）网络配置：□n^eltorteto FlfttEiTicr-priSieLinuxBack<T4ib>/<AI btlwtJKiietcmcpi<8pflc：t>ruJJtscL*{ll'v^Configuretionforethtt|IFAddressPrefix(NetMask)iftrivanr：RdMIrrnDeulce?：[AHD1?9c□n^eltorteto FlfttEiTicr-priSieLinuxBack<T4ib>/<AI btlwtJKiietcmcpi<8pflc：t>ruJJtscL*{ll'v^Configuretionforethtt|IFAddressPrefix(NetMask)iftrivanr：RdMIrrnDeulce?：[AHD1?9c,£37fifPCnfitSSLflUCE3C)DijnatticIPcoinriqurationCOHCPJj(*)Manna1祁右e玮conf1gur?it1□!!■<F12>ir^kISui'tiKn如果在安装系统时，已分配了IP地址，则可以在这个界面中输入IP地址和子网掩码，否则可以先保持默认，按“Ok”出现主机名配置的界面：（15）主机名配置：

FlHncism?-tofttttTit!-tuteiTirLinuxiervetBack-|IFvtConTiyurationTorcthttfFlHncism?-tofttttTit!-tuteiTirLinuxiervetBack-|IFvtConTiyurationTorcthttfIFAddressAdviincRdMicroDeulce^「4HD1?9n^7BrPCnet32T・許忡CEl00：0C2Z9：93：ftb；99<F12>"已萬lr-screenCHDynaMicIProinFigurotinnCBHCP>|(*)bfenurt1addressconfIgureitlaiiHrrefix(Nctuask)Ta：h》F€FIIb-T^b》 ti：丨匕munil等 I■<$□<!「◎〉 至■gJiecl■生如内核能识别出网卡，则可以看到网卡配置画面如下图，选择ethO作为内网，并配置IP,ethl为外网，配置外网IP和网关，域名服务器等（16）网卡配置：选中Activateonboo（t启动时激活网卡），EnableIPv4support，EnableIPv6suppor（t开启IPv4、IPv6支持），点“Ok”后，出现时区设置画面（17）时区设置选择“Asia/Shanghai”，点击“Ok”B営]inAsia/3«markand(isia/SeouI.nmKTihiDZoneSc1cctiduWhdiltiffinzoiw<ir七yciQ]nestedin?JmJS;js：1:ufflicl口nJc UTq<Tflb>/<ftItTab>betweenc1events<Si]iicc>selectsCF1Z>nextscreenflsEdzSiilffttpore18）输入root口令erpriseLimXStrU&rB<aatFassuord<1>i11-Tab>betueen>eIemenis<3ijdce> ts<f1K>"匕xkscreenPassurirri;Fidi-swyfclCunhfirm)；P!r：k硏 pasKuinpel,Von・n買ttype11li^iCKto yuiikHUMU-h<iLiLanddidn'tmdkEamistakeintypingtiicrootpassuordisol[:ritic«1part□£Sy-stern：security!输入两遍后，点击“Ok”（19）防火墙设置systcffli-colafig-Eccucritylevc1常ZH9JAcdllatgIn匚.<Tttb>/<ftllt-Tab>betwectieleiseiits<5piSGe>stItrcts<riZ>tiestscreentiEnabled,"IH材hWEDisablrdGustomizcCfliTICClLeus-1;SELiwK-EnforcingfPEFBissiueAfirewaI1prolEctsagAinstiiriduiLJiurizednetworkintrufionshEnablingaFircua1.1bIddKsal1incDMing'connections4DisaB11ngstfirewa11allouis□.11Eonncctionsandisnotrc£2£imin£iid£：J!.当前不做任何安全设定，选中“Disabled”，SELinux:选取“Disabled”，并点取“Ok”,进行软件包定制安装（20）软件包的定制安装:1*1CnsLemiresbFlM<ireselectionBsc'k<TAb>/<fl1l-Tab>betwteii七lemKutK<F12>nextscreen|PiickeijiEselectlionWebs&rvEr1*1CnsLemiresbFlM<ireselectionBsc'k<TAb>/<fl1l-Tab>betwteii七lemKutK<F12>nextscreen|PiickeijiEselectlionWebs&rvErorsortwnrE«ipp1ic«bieMbilladditianaI.tasksTintdfeTdiJli11i0$LdJl1<«LiunufKrdlHdIEntrrpriLitfiuxServerincludcsasictforgenera1internetusageauouIdLjau1fleeyoursystG-utoinciLLdcsupport『or?I*)WiUF1・昇/:tebe甘eI斛t选中“SoftwareDevelopment”，同时选中“Customizesoftwareselection”，进行软件包的定制安装软件包选取:在软件包选取中，只选取“DevelopmentLibraries”“DevelopmentTools”“SystemTools”ridmirtistfeitIdbTuoIsBuckcSpflcc->L<+?j<->selectinn<F2>GroujiDctaiIs<T1Z>nextscreenFackageGreupSelection[F 金哉ridmirtistfeitIdbTuoIsBuckcSpflcc->L<+?j<->selectinn<F2>GroujiDctaiIs<T1Z>nextscreenFackageGreupSelection[F 金哉Ieiztthepad円甘e^rniii)isi|auunh】川to sHztiAIle^l,JeluumetSfhsdTTdil.tiilerpf11KetTnuK^ervE『AuttiDr-inBfavidFublisJkirgBNSHahtcScruerOeuc1optncifitLibrar1esDeue1oipwic-initTan]sEdIta^Sr<i!Cikci.ge£runpScluctiunPJcasiescIrctthepackagEgroupsyouljquIdliketnhaueinstaEIod.LJServtrrCtinfi|juraliunTuo1sLJSoundandVideo[»]SystemTooIs[1Tesd:based：Internet「1iJftbSec-uer①在“DevelopmentLibraries”中按F2键，在弹出的提示菜单中选中“libstdc++44-devel”GrtiupDcta11s|1*]f*1IconictbRedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerC^neBIPloosI%(»1GrtiupDcta11s|1*]f*1IconictbRedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerC^neBIPloosI%(»1(*]I*]IibscIinux-dE-vel1 djeveI1ibwrbis-deve1IibximlZdcyc1luukdev-dtsvelnewt-dewc1再选中“fuse-devel”|rackageGroup IsJbprufir-:usedew)F*|rackageGroup IsJbprufir-:usedew)LJFipI[k]也lai期jm[*]gdb<fi-deu^eI[«1gmp-dcMC1fwlypndcue1L*Jliesiod-deuc1E*]krbS-de^c1

②在“SystemTools”中按F2进系统常用工具的选择，请选择以下安装包：Net-snmp-libs、Net-snmp-utils、nmap、ntp、Screen、sysstat、zssh、dmidecode：fuckage1GFciiip"©tdi1^卜Jopenldnp-cJients1pinemtryJrdc^fct-uu•]HEt-EllffllJ-1ib玉m]net-snmputiIs*]Jfuckage1GFciiip"©tdi1^卜Jopenldnp-cJients1pinemtryJrdc^fct-uu•]HEt-EllffllJ-1ib玉m]net-snmputiIs*]Jnmnp-fr仃ntunudPlease&cliketohseIcction-InuMServer[rEELr[xuirrtHJirJx^K7HEJxdeIXaLJzisof-stooi2rJvlockL151匚L』LMtehdUy点“Ok”即可进行安装，再安装完成的第一次重启后，系统要求对防火墙和一些相关的服务进行配置，如下图：（22）防火墙和一些相关的服务进行配置：对于“SystemServices”可以参考下面系统设置中的所需服务进行增减，或选“exit”进入登录界面，如下图：（23）登录：RedHatEmtcrpriseLinuxServer-release5-4CTakanga)SefiielZr6.18-164.e!5onan1686lacfi1hnst1nifiitr—

以下是红帽5.3操作系统，64位[root@balance~]#lsb_release-aLSBVersion::core-3.1-amd64:core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-amd64:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarchDistributorID:RedHatEnterpriseServerDescription:RedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerrelease5.3(Tikanga)Release:Codename:5.3Tikanga安装问题：Version1.20.1093Copyright(C)2005-2007AmericanMegatrends,IncPress<F2>toentersetup,<F12>NetworkBootBiosVersion:S5400.86B.06.00.0026.040820080929PlatformID:S5400SF4GBsystemmemoryfoundCurrentMemorySpeed:667MT/s(333MHz)Intel(R)Xeon(R)CPU X5355@2.66GHz工ntel(R)Xeon(R)CPU X5355@2.66GHzBootingfromBIOSPartition0USBkeyboarddetectedUSBmousedetectedMemoryforcrashkernel(0x0to0x0)notwithinpermissiblerangeyRedHatnashversionstartingReadingallphysicalvolumes.Thismaytakeawhile...Foundvolumegroup"VolGroupOO**usingmetadatatypelvm22logicalvolume(s)involumegroup"VolGroupOO**nowactiveWelcometoRedHatEnterpriseLinuxServerPress1I'toenterinteractivestartup.Settingclock(utc):TueOct2116:45:51ARST2008[OK]Startingudev:[OK]Loadingdefaultkeymap(us):[OK]Settinghostname: [OK]SettingupLogicalVolumeManagement: 2logicalvolume(s)involumegroup"VolGroupOO"nowactive[OK]CheckingfilesystemsCheckingallfilesystems.[/sbin/fsck.ext3(1)—/]fsck.ext3-a/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00:clean,148762/60522496files,4355939/60514304blocks[/sbin/fsck.ext3(1)—/boot]fsck.ext3-a/dev/sdal/boot:recoveringjournal/boot:clean,39/26104files,21917/104388blocks[OK]Remountingrootfilesysteminread-writemode: [OK]Mountinglocalfilesystems: [OK]Enablinglocalfilesystemquotas: [OK]Enabling/etc/fstabswaps: [OK]EnteringApplyingStartingsystemINIT:EnteringEnteringApplyingStartingsystemIntelCPUmicrocodeupdate: [OK]/dev/hdb:openfailed:Read-onlyfileOK]/dev/hdb:openfailed:Read-onlyfile2logicalvolume(s)involume[OK]Startingbackgroundreadahead:Checkingforhardwarechanges[LoadingOpenIBkernelmodules:[ [cuthere] groupr'VolGroup00MmonitoredOKOKOK-[pleasebitehere]-acpi_cpufreqib_iserlibiscsiscsi_transport_iscsiib_srp_ -八_亠rdina_ucniib_ucmib_uverbsib_um.adiwcmib_addrib_sadm_mul'tipathscsi_dhvideobacklightsbsasus_acpiacpi_memhotplugacparport_pulpparportjacpi_cpufreqib_iserlibiscsiscsi_transport_iscsiib_srp_ -八_亠rdina_ucniib_ucmib_uverbsib_um.adiwcmib_addrib_sadm_mul'tipathscsi_dhvideobacklightsbsasus_acpiacpi_memhotplugacparport_pulpparportjoydevc_i801ib_madi2c_coreib_coresgModuleslinkedin:ib_sdpib_ipoibipv6xfrm_nalgocrypto_apirdma_cmib_cmi2c_ecbuttonbatterysr_modide_cdib_mthcacdromshpchpi2serio_rawelOOOepcspkrdm_snapshotdm_zerodm_inirrordm_logdm_modusb_storageata_piixlibatasd_modscsi_modext3jbduhci_hcdohci_hcdehci_hcdPid:12673,comm:modprobeNottainted2.6.18-116.el5.gtest.57#1RAX:OOOOOOOOffffffffRBX:ffff81017e220400RCXRDX:OOOOOOOOffffffeaRSI:0000000000000000RDIRBP:ffff81017e220400ROS:0000000000000001R09R10:ffff81017e220400Rll:0000000000000058R12R13:0000000000000000R14:ffffffff80450688R150000:ffff810174c85ca8EFLAGS:00010246RIP:0010:[<ffffffff80215al4>][<ffffffff80215al4>]0000:ffff810174c85ca8EFLAGS:00010246RSP:FS:00002aaaaaac7240(0000)GS:ffffffff803b8000(0000)knlGS:0000000000000000CS:0010DS:0000ES:0000CR0:000000008005003bCR2:0