山东省淄博市黉门中学高三英语期末试题含解析

山东省淄博市黉门中学高三英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Hehasseldomseenhismother_________pleasedwithhisprogressassheisnow.A.so

B.very

C.too

D.rather参考答案：A2.

____teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.A.NomatterwhatB.Nomatterwhich

CWhatever

D.whichever参考答案：D.

解析：名词性从句。根据句意可做出正确选择。3.Youcanaskanyoneforhelp.

hereiswillingtolendyouahand.A.One

B.Noone

C.Everyone

D.Someone参考答案：C4.26．Youcan

Jenny;ifshesaysshe’llhelpyou,shewillneverletyoudown.

A．lieon

B．puton

C．dependon

D．liveon参考答案：C略5.—Willyoucompletethetaskintime?—Surely,Iwill._________.A.Everythingispossible B.Butit’stoohardC.Nomatterwhatwillhappen D.Thoughit’sapieceofcake参考答案：C6.—DidyouknowanyChinesebeforeyouarrivedinBeijing?—Never________it,actually.A.hadIlearned

B.haveIlearnedC.Ihavelearned

D.Ihadlearned参考答案：A7.You'llfindtaxiswaitingatthestation

youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.A.where B.which C.bywhich D.onwhich参考答案：B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你会发现出租车在车站等着你，你可以雇出租车去接你的寄宿家庭。分析句子结构知，先行词为taxis，定语从句中缺少宾语，且taxis为物，故用which引导定语从句。故选B项。【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词taxis，再分析先行词taxis在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词taxis带到从句中可知，只能作宾语，故确定关系词which。故选B。8.Inmanycountriesintheworld,breakfastisasnack_____ameal,butthetraditionalEnglishbreakfastisafullmeal.A.lessthan B.betterthan C.otherthan D.ratherthan参考答案：D【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：在世界上许多国家，早餐是小吃而不是一顿饭，但传统的英国早餐是一顿完整的餐。A.lessthan少于；B.betterthan好于；C.otherthan除了，不同于；D.ratherthan而不是。根据语意，很多国家的早餐都是小吃，不是完整的一餐。故选D项。9.Inordertoincreasetheirvote,they_________anothercandidateatraitortothecountry.A.announced

B.declared

C.thought

D.conquered参考答案：B10.Whilewe’reconductingscientificresearch,wecan’tdrawaconclusionbasedonsome________figures.A.actual

B.accurate C.awesome

D.approximate参考答案：D11.Somefamousbranddesignersattendedtheceremony

storiesandexperiencesbehindtheirbrands. A.making

B.hearing

C.describing

D.sharing参考答案：D12.Theyoungman,______severalattemptstobeattheworldrecordinhighjumping,decidedtohaveanothertry. A.tomake B.making

C.made

D.havingmade参考答案：D13.--Iamwornout.---Me

too,allworkandnoplay.Itistimeto_____.A.burnthemidnightoil

B.falltothegroundC.gowiththeflow

D.callitaday参考答案：D【分析】考查情景交际【详解】---我快累死了。---我也是，一直干活没有松一口气。总算一天的工作结束了。A.burnthemidnightoil“挑灯夜战”，

B.falltotheground孤立无援，失败;

C.gowiththeflow紧随潮流.随从大家的意见“随大流”，D.callitaday“停工，就此结束”。根据上下语境得知选D。14.—Anythingtodrink?Coffee?

—IthinkI'llhavesometea

coffee．

A．otherthan

B．morethan

C．lessthan

D．ratherthan参考答案：D15.Parishassomegreatmuseums______visitorscanseefineworksofimpressionistpainters.

A.where

B.which

C.that

D.when参考答案：A16.Wehavealreadydiscussedthisplan_____,sonextweshouldsparenoefforttocarryitout.A.atlength B.atrandom C.atease D.atbest参考答案：A【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们已经详细的讨论了这个计划，所以下面我们会竭尽全力的把它完成。A.atlength详细地，具体地；B.atrandom随便地，任意地；C.atease自由自在地；D.atbest最多。故A选项正确。17.Ican’tsayI’mthebest.Ihaveonly_________mademoreeffortsthanothers.A.definitely

B.ly

C.obviously

D.certainly参考答案：B略18.ThePhilippinegovernmentwantedto___________othercountriesaroundtheSouthChinaSeainthematterofitsconflict_______ChinaatseanearChina'sHuangyanIsland,butnoneresponded.A.concern;with

B.involve;with

C.consult;over

D.employ;in参考答案：B二、填空19.HaveyoueverbeentoLondon?Whichfamoussitesdidyouvisit?Or,ifitisthefirsttimethatyou61.

(be)there,whichonewillyoucheckout?Someworldfamous62.

(culture)sitesmayalreadybeonyourlist:BuckinghamPalace,BigBenandtheLondonTower.However,atourofLondonwouldbeincomplete63.

checkingouttheLondonartscene.AsaguidebookLondon’sSecrets:Museums&Galleriesputit,London’sartisalotlike64.

cityitself—“diverse,vast,andinaconstantstateofchanges.Fromoldmasterstostreetartandeverythinginbetween,Londonhasitall.”Infact,accordingtoTheTelegraph,museumsandgallerieswerethemost65.

(visit)attractionsinBritainlastyear.TheBritishMuseum,66.

celebratedits225thanniversarythisyear,hadthemostvisitors,at6,701,036.AccordingtoTheArtNewspaper,theBritishMuseum’sincreased67.

(popular)isdowntoitsexhibitions,particularlyitsLifeandDeathinPompeiiandHerculaneumshow(March-September2017).Therearemorethan7millionartifacts(文物)intheBritishMuseum.Notallofthemareondisplay,butmuchofthecollection68.

(constant)rotates(轮换),soyou’llseesomethingnewwitheachvisit.So,69.

you’reanartloverorjustlookingforafuntime,you’resure70.

(find)inspirationinLondon.参考答案：61.havebeen

62.cultural

63.without

64.the

65.visited66.which

67.popularity

68.constantly

69.whether

70.tofind20.DoyouknowtheUKgovernmenthas___41___(successful)passedalawbanningbrandingonpacksofcigarettes?Thatmeanstobaccomanufacturerswillbeforced___42___(pack)theircigarettesinplainpackets.Themotivationbehindthis___43___(decide)istomakesmokinglessappealingtopeople,especiallychildren.Asimilarlaw___44___waspassedinAustraliain2012hasresulted___45___afallinsmokingratesfrom15.1%to12.8%forpeopleaged14.AsforJanuary2015,22%ofadultmenand17%ofadultwomensmokeinGreatBritain.ThepossibilityofsmokingintheUKincreaseswithagesothatattheageof15,8%ofschoolchildren___46___(be)regularsmokers.Itisthoughtthatchildrenwillbelessattractedtocigarettes___47___(sell)inunbrandedboxes.Smokingisoneof___48___biggestcausesofpreventabledeathsinEngland.Everyyearabout80,000dieandover450,000___49___(send)tohospitalduetosmoking.Thisplacesalargestrain(压力)onthehealthserviceandisalsoafactorinwhythegovernmentwouldliketopreventpeoplefrom___50___(take)upsmokingorhelpthemquit.参考答案：41.successfully

42.topack

43.decision

44.that/which

45.in

46.are

47.sold

48.the

49.aresent

50.taking【分析】本文为应用说明文。文章介绍了英国政府通过了禁止香烟盒上出现商标的法律条文。这就让香烟生产商们只能生产平装香烟，这项法律旨在让香烟对人们的吸引力减小了，尤其是儿童。澳大利亚也通过了相似的法律。每年因为吸烟造成了很多人的死亡或健康出现问题，政府的这项措施希望能帮助人们戒烟。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：英国政府成功地通过了禁止香烟盒上出现商标的法律条文。句中successful修饰谓语动词passed，要用副词形式，因此填successfully。【42题详解】考查短语搭配。beforcedtodosth被迫做某事，所以填topack。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：这一决定背后的动机是让人们对吸烟的吸引力降低，尤其是儿童。分析句子可知，本空在句中做主语，做主语要用名词形式，因此要用动词decide名词形式，故填decision。【44题详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，本句中的名词law被定语从句修饰，law在定语从句中作waspassedinAustraliain2012的主语。在从句中作主语指物可以用that或which来引导，故本空可填that/which。【45题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：澳大利亚通过了类似的法律，导致14岁的人吸烟率从15.1%下降到12.8%。resultin为固定搭配，意为“导致…的结果”，因此填in。【46题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：8%的学龄儿童是经常吸烟。分析句子可知，本句的主语是8%ofschoolchildren，是复数，所以be动词要用are。【47题详解】考查非谓语。句意：人们认为，孩子们不太会被没有牌子的香烟盒中的香烟所吸引。句中sell作cigarettes的后置定语，sell与cigarettes之间构成动宾关系，要用表示被动是过去分词，因此填sold。【48题详解】考查冠词。句意：句中biggest是最高级形式，要用定冠词the来限定，因此填the。【49题详解】考查被动语态。句意：每年约有80000人死亡，超过450000人因吸烟而被送往医院。句中send与主语(80，000人)构成被动关系；主语是复数，且句意表达的是客观事实，要用一般现在时态，be动词要用复数形式are．因此填aresent。【50题详解】考查固定搭配。preventsb（from）doingsth阻止某人做某事，故填taking。【点睛】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性，时态，名词单复数，连接词，代词，冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。在本题中主要考查以下几个方面。1.考查动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，如第9小题有非谓语的变化。如第7小题。2.考查固定搭配在本题中比较多。如本题中的第2小题考查的beforcedtodosth，第5小题考查resultin为固定搭配，意为“导致…的结果”。第10小题考查preventsb（from）doingsth阻止某人做某事，故填taking。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语。3.考查从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。如第4小题：Asimilarlaw___4___waspassedinAustraliain2012hasresulted___5___afallinsmokingratesfrom15.1%to12.8%forpeopleaged14审题可知，本句中的名词law被定语从句修饰，law在定语从句中作waspassedinAustraliain2012的主语。在从句中作主语指物可以用that或which来引导，因此本空可填that/which。三、阅读理解21.Traditionally,robotshavebeenhard,madeofmetalandotherrigidmaterial:ButateamofscientistsatHarvardUniversityintheUShasmanagedtobuildanentirelysoftrobot-onethatdrawsinspirationfromanoctopus(章鱼).DescribedinsciencejournalNature,the“Octobot”couldpavethewayformoreeffectiveautonomousrobotsthatcouldbeusedinsearch，rescueandexploration.“TheOctobotisminimalsystemwhichmayserveasafoundationforanewgenerationofcompletelysoft,autonomousrobots”thestudy’sauthorswrote.Robotsbuiltforprecise,repetitivemovementsinacontrolledenvironmentdon’tdosowellonroughterrains(地形)orinunpredictableconditions.Andtheyaren’tespeciallysafearoundhumans,becausethey’remadeoutofhardandheavypartsthatcouldbepotentiallydangeroustotheirusers.Soresearchershavebeenworkingonbuildingsoftrobotsfordecades.They’retakeninspirationfromnature,lookingtoanimalsfromjellyfishtocockroaches,whichareoftenmadeupofmoreflexiblematter.Butcreatingacompletelysoftrobotremainsachallenge.Evenifengineersbuildasilicone(硅酮)body,it’sstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts,suchasasourceofpower.“Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsearlystage,itholdsgreatpromiseforseveralapplications,suchassearch-rescueoperationsandexploration,”BarbaraMazzolaiandVirgilioMattolioftheItalianInstituteofTechnology’CenterforMicro-BioRobotics,wroteinacomment.“Softrobotsmightalsoopenupnewapproachestoimprovingwellnessandqualityoflife.”12.What’sthespecialfeatureof“Octobot”？A.It’ssoft.

B.It’smadeofmetal.C.It’sverysmall.

D.Itlookslikeanoctopus.13.What’sthedisadvantageoftraditionalrobots?A.They’rehardtocontrol.

B.They’retooheavytomove.C.Theycan’tpredictconditions.

D.Theycan’tbehavewellallthetime.14.OneofthebiggestchallengesistobuildOctobot’s

________.A.siliconebody

B.complexcomponentsC.precisemovements

D.flexiblepowersource15.Whatcanweinferabouttheapplicationof“Octobot”？A.IthasbeenusedinvariousfieldsB.Ithasnotbeenputintouseonalargescale.C.IthasbeenusedinthefieldofrescueD.Ithasnotbeenimprovedyet.参考答案：12.A

13.D

14.D

15.B本文是一篇科普类说明文，介绍了章鱼机器人的优点和投入应用的可能性。【12题详解】细节理解题，从第一段robotshavebeenhard,madeofmetal，以及段尾hasmanagedtobuildanentirelysoftrobot-onethatdrawsinspirationfromanoctopus对比发现可以得出答案为A。【13题详解】细节理解题，从第三段第一句Robotsbuiltforprecise,repetitivemovementsinacontrolledenvironmentdon’tdosowellonroughterrains(地形)orinunpredictableconditions.可以看出：传统机器人的缺点是他们不能一直表现得很好。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题，从倒数第二段，it’sstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts,suchasasourceofpower.可知，最大的挑战之一是建造Octobot机器人的柔性电源，故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题（改编题）从文章最后一段第一句Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsearlystage,itholdsgreatpromiseforseveralapplications，可知，它还没有大规模地投入使用。故选B。22.

Weareallhumanandhaveweaknesses.Evenifyourphysicalappearanceorsocialskillsaren’twhatyouwishtheywere,thatdoesn’thavetostopyoufrombeingconfident.Here’showtobelieveinyourself.Makealistofspecialtalentsyouhave,orthingsyoudothataregood—morallyorotherwise.Itdoesn’thavetobeaspecificskill；itcanbeanapproachoranattitudethatyouholdthroughlife.Doyoualwaysstaycalm,coolandcollected,eveninhurriedsituations?Areyouverypatientwithpeople?Doyoualwaysseethehumoroussideofthings?Areyoualwaysthereforyourfriends?Knowthatyouhaveimportantthingstosayanddo.Whenyoufeelstronglyaboutsomething,speakloudlyandclearlyandmakeeyecontactwithpeople.Peoplewilljudgeyouallthetime,andusuallythey’llmisjudgeyouanyway,sowhybothertryingtoliveuptotheiropinionsatall?Takecareofyourself.Eatahealthydietandgetenoughexercise.Don’tabuseyourbody,don’toverloadit,anddon’tdenyanyofthethingsitneeds.Atthesametime,don’tobsess(沉迷).Buyingallthemoisturizers(润肤霜)andcreamswillnotbringyouclosertowhoyouwanttobe.Thosethingsareonlyband-aidsandmake-up.Confidencecomesfromwithin.Inordertobeconfident,youmustvalueyourselfandunderstandthatyourwell-beingisimportant.Improveyourposture.Havinggoodposturecanactuallymakeyoufeelmoreconfident.Don’tdropyourshoulders.Makesurethatyourbackisstraight,yourshouldersaresquare,andyourcheststicksoutslightly(butstayloose,otherwiseyou’llappearstubbornandnervous).Goodposturealsohelpswithdeepbreathing,whichhelpswithfeelingcalmandrelaxed.9．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Howtokeepagoodshape.B．Thewaytosuccess.C．Whattalentsyouneed.D．Howtobeconfident.10．Amongthefollowingthings,whichisnotmentionedinparagraph2?A．Whenyourfriendsareintrouble,youarealwaystheretohelp.B．It’stimeforyourperformance,butyouforgotyourwords.Insteadofbeingnervous,youmadeit.C．Youhaveaspecialgiftforlanguagelearning.D．Evenit’shardtostudywell,butyoualwayshaveapositiveattitudetowardslife.11．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordsinparagraph3?A．doaswellasothersexpectyoutoB．careaboutC．don’tagreewithothersD．praise12．Whydoestheauthormention“moisturizers(润肤霜)andcreams”inparagraph4?A．Totellustheyareallveryimportantforpeopletobecomebeautiful.B．Toshowusthesethingsarenotnecessitiesforconfidence.C．Toshowusthatmoisturizers(润肤霜)andcreamsarespecialdietforourskin.D．Totellthereaderstheyareessentialtotheirwell-being.参考答案：9．

D

10．

C

11．

A

12．

B

【分析】本文为说明文。虽然我们都有缺点，但我们仍要有自信。文章分段论述了增强自信的具体措施。9．主旨大意题。文章第一段提出我们作为人，都有自己的缺点，但要相信自己，要自信。接着介绍如何让你自信。文章反复出现的单词是confident，believeinyourself.Confidence这与选项D中的confident相照应。分析选项可知D项是符合题意，故选D项。10．细节理解题。根据第二段的内容It