山东省济南市私立齐鲁学校2021-2022学年高三英语期末试卷含解析

山东省济南市私立齐鲁学校2021-2022学年高三英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Theeducationof_______youngisalways_______hotandserioustopicinmodernsociety.A.the;/

B.a;the

C./;the

D.the;a参考答案：D2.Wearelookingforateacher,especially_____withpatienceandimagination.A.it

B.one

C.that

D.theone参考答案：B【命题立意】考查代词的用法。句意：我们在寻找一个老师，特别是一个有耐心和想象力的老师。题干前面是ateacher，后面代指其同类的人，应用one。故选B。【举一反三】代词one,it,that的用法区别代词one,itthat的用法在历届高考题中出现的频率较高，是高考的热点之一。1）one,it,that常常用来代替或避免重复某个名词。例如：①I'mlookingforaflat.I'dreallylikeonewithagarden.②-Wheredidyoufindyourwatch?

-Ifinditinourclassroom.③ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofanyothercountry.2）one可指人或物，只替代单数可数名词，复数用ones.One是泛指，但有限定修饰语，如the,this,that…修饰就变成了特指。如：①Onemustdoone'sduty.

②MaryhasaredpencilandJanehasablueone.③Thenewdesignsaremuchbetterthantheoldones.3）.that只指物，不指人，可替代可数名词或不可数名词，具有“特指”性质。指的是同类事物中的另一样东西，即同类异物。如：Thelibraryofourschoolisbiggerthanthatofyours.(that代替的是另一个图书馆。)4）one和that

在代替可数名词时，如果没有前置定语只有后置定语时，theone和that可互换。但该名词如有前置定语，则只能用theone,而不能用that。例如：①Iwilltaketheseatnexttotheone(=that)bythewindow.我就坐窗口的那个座位旁边。②Ipreferthelargeboxtothesmallone.(one不可用that替换)。5）That的复数形式those代替可数名词的复数。可指人或物，一般后面跟修饰语。如：①Today'scellphonesaresmallerthanthose(=theones)usedinthepast.②Thestudentswhodobestinexamarenotalwaysthose(=theones)withthebestbrains.6）theone(ones)或that,those指代某一名词做定语从句的先行词时，其关系代词which在that之后，which不能省略，而在theone、ones之后,which可省略。如：①Theirproblemtodayissomewhatsimilartothatwhichtheyfacedmanyyearsago.7）代替不可数名词时，应该用that。如：Theequipmentisdifferentfromthat.8）it代替上文所提到的名词时，是指同类事物中的同一样东西，即同类事物。如：Ihavelostmypen.I'mlookingforit.9）it和that可代替前面整个句子的意思，而one却不能；that可引导一个限定性定语从句，代替某个先行词（单复数名词均可），it和one则不能；it可代替不定式、动名词或从句，用作形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于强调句型中，而one和that则不能。如：①-Iwillmakebedforyou.–Itisverykindofyou.②Jimsaidhehadreadmynovel.Butthatwasnotpossible.③Aclockisaninstrumentthattellstime.④ThestudentsthatsurftheInternetwillbepunishedbytheteacher.⑤Itisnicetoseeyouagain.⑥Itisnousecallingherup.⑦Ifounditimpossibleformetopassthetest.⑧ItwasIwhobrokeyourwindow.3.----Tommy,isn’tittimeyou________theschoolbus?----Okay,I______mybreakfast.

A.mustcatch;havealmostfinished

B.catch;willalmostfinish

C.caught;amalmostcatching

D.shouldcatch;almostfinish参考答案：C4.Dependableinformationhasruledoutthepossibility________shewastakenawaybythesecretpolice.A.whether

B.what

C.that

D.if参考答案：C5.When________todangerandconflict,mentendtoincreasebloodpressure,________nervousandanxious.A.exposed;felt

B.exposed;feeling

C.exposing;feeling

D.exposing;felt参考答案：B6.Whathehadsaidanddoneintheschool______hisparentsandteachers.A.waspleased

B.pleased

C.pleasedby

D.pleasedwith参考答案：B7.Duetothereformandopening-up,ourlivingconditions,undoubtedly,haveimproved________overthepastdecades.A.considerately B.approximately C.appropriately D.considerably参考答案：D【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：由于改革开放，我们的生活条件，毫无疑问，在过去的几十年里有了很大的改善。A.considerately体谅地；

B.approximately大约；C.appropriately适当地；D.considerably相当地，故选D。8.Thebookstore,

customersaremainlychildren,opensfrom8a.m.to5p.m.A．whose

B．forwhich

C．when

D．whenever参考答案：A9.Withinfiveyears，carswillbealot

inourcountry．A．cheap

B．cheaper

C．cheapest

D．thecheapest参考答案：B考察形容词，根据句中所提供的信息可知在五年内我国车辆价格的变化情况，又因句中有alot，可知此处应使用一个比较级形式。当形容词（或副词）前有alittle/abit(一点),much/alot/agreatdeal(得多),even/still(更加),far(．．．得多),any,rather等修饰，表示某种程度时，常使用其比较等级。故此题应选择B项。10.InthevirtuallaboratoryenvironmentcreatedintheVRapp,studentscan________aparticularexperimentbeforedoingtheminareallab.A.reveal

B.reserveC.preview

D.provide参考答案：C考查动词。A.reveal显示，揭露；B.reserve保留；C.preview预演；D.provide提供。句意：在VR应用创造的虚拟实验环境下，学生们可以在真正实验室做实验之前预演一个特定的实验。此处表示预演实验，故选C。11.Someofusfailtolearnthatpainisthebody’swayofinformingthemind______wearedoingsomethingwrong,notnecessarily______somethingiswrong.A.that,what

B.that,that

C.what,that

D.what,what参考答案：B12.

thestudentscan’tbear,accordingtothesurvey,istheirparents’highexpectations.AThat

BWhat

CHow

DWhy参考答案：B13.—Ihaveafavourtoaskofyou. —______. A.Goahead

B.It’sapleasure

C.Helpyourself

D.Ask,please参考答案：A.略14.Themealwasdelicious，butitscostwasveryhigh．Ispent

oilitandhadtoliveonbreadandwaterforthenexttwoweeks．

A．myhalfofmonthsalary

B．myhalfsalarymonth

C．halfmonthlymysalary

D．halfofmymonthlysalary参考答案：D15.Takesometimeto_______yoursuccessesandfailures.

A.accountof B.reflecton C.workout D.callup参考答案：B16.Idon’tthink__________possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.this

B.that

C.its

D.it参考答案：D17.Measuresmustbetakentopreventpollution____happily.A.fromwelive

B.forustolive C.usliving

D.fromourliving参考答案：B18.Georgespenttwohourspickingjust_______rightclothestowearwhenhemettheheadofthelawfirm，sinceheknewthatfirstimpressionsare________mostlasting.A．a；/

B．the；a

C．the；the

D．/；the参考答案：C二、书面表达19.假设你是李华，你所在的班级决定成立“大乐英语俱乐部”。请你给你校的外教John写封信，邀请他加入该俱乐部，要点如下：1、成立俱乐部的目的。2、活动时间、地点和内容。3、邀请加入。注意：1、词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。大乐英语俱乐部:

BigFunEnglishClubDearJohn,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yourssincerely

LiHua参考答案：DearJohn,ToarouseourinterestinEnglishlearningandprovideaplatformforustolearnandpracticeusingEnglish,ourclasshasdecidedtosetupBigFunEnglishClub.We’llgatherinourclassroomafterschooleverySaturday,whenavarietyofactivitieswillbeorganized,suchaswatchingEnglishmovies,singingEnglishsongs,puttingonEnglishplays,havingdebatesinEnglishandsoon.Onbehalfofourclass,I’mmuchhonoredtowarmlyinviteyoutojoinus.IfirmlybelievethatyourappearanceinourclubwilldefinitelyinspireusalltobecomemoreinterestedinlearningandusingEnglishandthereforeworkharderatEnglish.We’llbeexpectingyouinourclassat5:00pmthisSaturday.Yourssincerely,LiHua20.假定你是李华，你校英文报社将举办主题为自然灾害的征文活动。请你给美国朋友BruceAlpert写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：1.说明缘由；2.请他介绍美国的自然灾害并谈谈影响，应对措施等；3.告知征文截稿日期。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：DearBruceAlpert,OurschoolEnglishpaperwillholdanessaycompetitionwhosethemeisNaturalDisasters.I’dliketoinviteyoutotakepartinit.ItiswellknowthatmanynaturaldisastersoccureveryyearinAmerica,causinggreatdamage.Youcanintroducethemainnaturaldisasters,suchastornadoesandhurricanesandtellsomecommonknowledgeaboutthem.Forexample,youcandiscusshowtheyform,whentheyhappen,whatharmtheymaycause,andhowyoucandointhefaceofdisasters.Themeasuresyoutakemaybenefitus,aswealsofacemanynaturaldisasters.ThedeadlineisJune8th,2018.I’mlookingforwardtoyourarticle.Yours,LiHua三、阅读理解21.请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。TheJanuaryfashionshow,calledFutureFashion,isanexampleofhowfargreendesignhascome.OrganizedbytheNewYork-basednonprofitEarthPledge,theshowinspiredmanytopdesignerstoworkwithsustainablefabricsforthefirsttime.Severalhavesincemadepromisestoincludeorganicfabricsintheirdesigns.

Thedesignerswhoundertakegreenfashionstillfacemanychallenges.ScottHahn,cofounderwithGregoryofRoganandLoomstate,whichusesall-organiccotton,sayshigh-qualitysustainablematerialscanstillbetoughtofind.“Mostdesignerswithexistinglabelsarefindingtherearen’tcomparablefabricsthatcanjustreplacewhatyou’redoingandwhatyourcustomersareusedto,”hesays.Forexample,organiccottonandnon-organiccottonareactuallyindistinguishableoncewovenintoadress.Butsomepopularartificialmaterials,likestretchnylon,stillhavefeweco-friendlyreplacements.

Thosewhodomaketheswitcharefindingtheyhavemoresupport.LastyeartheinfluentialtradeshowDesigners&Agentsstoppedchargingitsparticipationfeeforyounggreenentrepreneurs(企业家)whoattenditstwospringtimeshowsinLosAngelesandNewYorkandgavespecialrecognitiontodesignerswhosecollectionsareatleast25%sustainable.Itnowcountsmorethan50greendesigners,upfromfewerthanadozentwoyearsago.ThisweekWal-Martissettoannounceamajorinitiativeaimedathelpingcottonfarmersgoorganic:itwillbuytransitionalcottonathigherprices,thushelpingtoexpandthesupplyofakeysustainablematerial.“Mainstreamisabouttooccur,”saysHahn.

Someanalystsarelesssure.Amongconsumers,only18%areevenawarethateco-fashionexists,upfrom6%fouryearsago.NatalieHormilla,afashionwriter,isanexampleoftheunconvertedconsumer,whenaskedifsheownedanysustainableclothes,shereplied:“NotthatI’mawareof.”Likemostconsumers,shefindslittletimetoshop,andwhenshedoes,she’sonthehuntfor“cutestuffthatisn’ttooexpensive.”Byherownadmission,greenjustisn’tyetonhermind.But–thankstothecombinedeffortsofdesigners,retailersandsuppliers–onedayitwillbe.60.WhatissaidaboutFutureFashion?A.Itshowedthatdesignersusingorganicfabricswouldgofar.B.Itservedasanexampleofhowfashionshowsshouldbeorganized.C.Itconvincedthepublicthatfashionableclothesshouldbemadetolastlong.D.Itinspiredmanyleadingdesignerstostartgoinggreen.61.AccordingtoScottHahn,onebigchallengetodesignerswhowillgoorganicisthat___________.

A.muchmoretimeisneededtofinishadressusingsustainablematerials.

B.theyhavetocreatenewbrandsforclothesmadeoforganicmaterials.

C.qualityorganicreplacementsforsyntheticsarenotreadilyavailable.D.customershavedifficultytellingorganicfromnon-organicmaterials.62.WelearnfromParagraph3thatdesignerswhoundertakegreenfashion

.

A.canattendvarioustradeshowsfree.

B.aregainingmoreandmoresupport.

C.canbuyorganiccottonatfavorableprices.

D.arereadilyrecognizedbythefashionworld63.WhatisNatalieHormilla’sattitudetowardeco-fashion?A.Sheisdoubtfulofitspracticalvalue.

B.Shedoesn’tseemtocareaboutit.

C.Shedoesn’tthinkitissustainable

D.Sheisverymuchopposedtotheidea参考答案：DCBB22.

TheMinistryofHealthhascalledformoreawarenessfromthepubliconthementalhealthoftheyoung，aspartofeffortstomarkWorldMentalHealthDay.Morethan15percentoftheChineseyouthhavebeenfoundwithmentalproblems，andabout30millionyoungpeopleunder17aresufferingfromdepression，theShanghai-basedWenhuiDailyreported.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatedthatbefore2020，therateofchildrenwithmentalproblemswillincreaseto50percent，andmentalproblemswillbecomeamajorfactorbehinddeathandillnessintheyoungworldwide.DengXiaohong，thespokespersonfortheBeijingMunicipalHealthBureau，saidrapidsocialchangeisoneofthereasonsbehindtherisingnumberofyoungsterswithpsychologicalproblems.Ifthesementaldiseasesarenotaddressedontime，occurrenceofcrime，drug-takingandotherdangerousbehaviorisexpectedtorise.Expertssaidmentaldiseasecouldbecausedbymanyfactors，suchastheinabilitytohandleinterpersonalrelationswell，unstableemotionsandpressurefromtheoverloadofstudy.Anumberofexpertshavealsosaidtheone-childpolicyisanotherreasonleadingtopoormentalhealthintheyoung.Childrenweresaidtobetoo“spoiled”and“selfish”inone-childfamilies.Schoolsinmanycitieswerereportedrollingoutmeasurestohelpstudentsmaintaintheirmentalwell-being.YinJingmiao，ateacheroftheBeijingNo.105MiddleSchool，toldChinaDailythattheschoolinvitespsychologiststoprovidecounselingtostudentsthreetimesamonth.“Studentscanbearrangedtohave40-minutecounselingsessions，”Yinsaid.Theschoolalsogiveslecturesonmentalhealthtoseniorgradestudentsbeforetheytakethenationalcollegeentranceexams，tohelpeaseanyanxietyarisingfromthetests.56．What