初中英语中考复习 专题15 热点阅读理解（航空航天）-备战2022年中考英语专题模拟训练（全国通用）

中考热点阅读理解—冬奥会Chinalaunched(发射)theShenzhouXIIImannedspacecraft(载人飞船)at12:23a.m.onOctober16,2021,carryingthreeastronautswhowillstayinsidethecountry’sTiangongspacestationforsixmonths.AstronautsPersonalInformationZhaiZhigangis56yearsoldfromHeilongjiang.Helikescalligraphy(书法).Heisthecountry’sfirstastronauttotakeaspacewalk,havingdoneitwhenhewasamissioncommander(指挥官)duringtheShenzhouVIImissioninSeptember2008.WangYapingis42yearsoldfromShandong.Shelovestravelingandmusic.SheisChina’ssecondfemaleastronauttotakepartinaspaceflightandwasamemberofțheShenzhouXmissioninJune,2013.The42-year-oldWangbecamethefirstfemaleastronauttoenterTiangongspacestationtotakeaspacewalk.YeGuangfuis42yearsold,too.HecomesfromSichuan.Heisinterestedinreadingandbasketball.Heismakinghisfirstjourneytospace.WhoisthefirstChineseastronauttotakeaspacewalk?A．ZhaiZhigang. B．WangYaping C．YeGuangfu. D．YangLiwei2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．YeGuangfuismakinghissecondjourneytospace.B．WangYapingisinterestedintravelingandreading.C．ZhaiZhigangtookpartintheShenzhouVIImissioninSeptember2008.D．All.3．Wheremaythepassagebefrom?A．Asportswebsite. B．Astorybook.C．Asciencenewspaper. D．Asportsnewspaper.【答案】1．A2．C3．C【解析】本文介绍神舟十三号载人飞船上的三名宇航员的个人信息。1．细节理解题。根据“ZhaiZhigang...Heisthecountry’sfirstastronauttotakeaspacewalk”可知翟志刚是我国第一个实现太空漫步的宇航员。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据“ZhaiZhigang...havingdoneitwhenhewasamissioncommanderduringtheShenzhouVIImissioninSeptember2008.”可知翟志刚参与了2008年9月神舟七号任务。故选C。3．推理判断题。根据“ChinalaunchedtheShenzhouXIIImannedspacecraftat12:23a.m.onOctober16,2021”可知本文与载人飞船和宇航员有关，最有可能出现在科学报纸上。故选C。OnDec.9,2021,threeChineseastronautsgaveasciencelecture400kilometersaboveEarth.ZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfu,whoareworkingaboardtheTiangongspacestation,showedmillionsofstudentstheirlifethere.Theyalsodidsomefunscienceexperiments.Let’stakealookatsomeofthem.UseitorloseitThehumanbodygrowswiththepullofEarth’sgravity（重力）.Butinspace,ourbonesandmuscles（肌肉）don’tneedtosustainourbody’sweight.Thiswillcauseboneandmuscleloss.NASAsaysthatastronautscanloseupto20percentoftheirmusclesafterjustacoupleofweeks.Thatisdangerousbecausetheywillbetooweaktowork.Astronautshavedifferentwaystopreventthis.Duringthelecture,ZhaiintroducedaspecialuniformYewaswearing.It’scalleda“penguinsuit”.Therearemanyelasticbands（弹力带）insidethesuit.Wearingit,astronautsusetheirmusclestostretch（拉紧）thebands.Thiskeepstheirmusclesstrong.▲Duringanotherexperiment,Wangmadeawaterfilm（膜）.Thensheaddedmorewaterwhichdropsontothefilmtomakeitawaterball.ThiscanneverhappenonEarth.Why?Weneedtofirstunderstandthesurfacetension（表面张力）ofwater.Itislikea“skin”ofwater.The“skin”istherebecausewatermolecules（分子）aredrawntoeachother.Mostofthetime,gravityistoostronganditbreaksthe“skin”.Butwithzerogravityinspace,the“skin”staysstrongandthewaterballwillnotbreak.WaterinspaceactsdifferentlyfromwateronEarthinotherways.Forexample,waterwillnotflowdownwardifyoutrytopouritintoacup.That’swhyastronautsusuallydrinkwaterthroughstraws（吸管）inclosedbags.4．Whatcanwelearnaboutthelecturefromspace?A．Itisapartoftheastronauts’dailywork.B．Ittookplace4,000kilometersaboveEarth.C．IttookplaceintheTiangongspacestation.D．Itisoneoftheastronauts’waystoaskforhelp.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inthepassagereferto?A．bodies B．muscles C．stones D．astronauts6．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttofillin“▲”inthepassage?A．Spacewaterisdifferent B．SpacewaterisvaluableC．Spacewaterisimportant D．Spacewateriscommon7．What’sthewriter’spurposeinthispassage?A．Toaskstudentstodomorescienceexperiments（实验）.B．Toexplaintheimportanceofthespaceexperience.C．Toraisepeople’sinterestinspaceexploration（勘探）.D．TointroducethespacelecturegivenbyChineseastronauts.【答案】4．C5．D6．A7．D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国宇航员在400千米的地方举行的太空讲座。4．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“ZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfu,whoareworkingaboardtheTiangongspacestation,showedmillionsofstudentstheirlifethere.”可知这个太空讲座是在天宫太空站上进行的。故选C。5．词句猜测题。根据第二段倒数第二句“NASAsaysthatastronautscanloseupto20percentoftheirmusclesafterjustacoupleofweeks.”可知这些宇航员在一两周后失去高达20%的肌肉量，而这是很危险的，因为宇航员们会因为太虚弱以致不能工作，说明“they”指的是宇航员。故选D。6．主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句“WaterinspaceactsdifferentlyfromwateronEarthinotherways.”可知这一段通过举例说明太空中的水和地球上的水的行动方式是不一样的，因此选项A“太空的水是不一样的”符合题意。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据文章第一句“OnDec.9,2021,threeChineseastronautsgaveasciencelecture400kilometersaboveEarth.”可知本文围绕2021年12月9日三位宇航员在天宫太空站给学生们做的讲座这一话题进行详细地说明，由此可知这篇文章意在介绍了宇航员们主讲的这一场太空讲座。故选D。WangYaping,togetherwithZhaiZhigangandYeGuangfu,wentintospaceaboardtheShenzhouXIIIonOctober16th.The41-year-oldWangbecamethefirstfemaleastronaut(女航天员)toenterTiangongspacestation.Wang’sspacedreamstartedin2003,whenChinasentitsfirstastronautYangLiweiintospace.Atthattime,WangwasapilotintheChinesearmy.Afterhavingsafeflightsfor1,600hoursovernineyears,Wangwasastrongcandidatetobecomeanastronautin2010.Shepushedherselfhard,gettingthesametrainingasmen.“Thespaceenvironmentwon’tchangebecauseyouareawoman,”shetoldXinbua.Thehardestpartisthehigh-Gtraining.Sittinginaspinning(旋转的)machine,Wangwouldbecomeblindforawhilebecauseherbrainwasshortofblood.“There’saredbutton(按钮),saidWang.”Ifyoucan’tbearit,youcanpressittostop.”ButWangneverusedit.“Thereisnosuchredbuttoninmyheart.”Thatstrongspiritfinallymadeherdreamcometruein2013.ShejoinedtheteamfortheShenzhouXmission.Wangsaidthatasastronauts,womenhavetheirownadvantages(优势).“Womenmaybemorepatientandcanbetterdealwithloneliness.Women’sheartsarealsoeasiertoadapt(适应)totheweightlessenvironment,makingthemmoresuitableforlong-termmissions.”WangYapingwentalongwaybeforebecomingthefirstwomantoentertheTiangongspacestation.Shesetsagoodexampleforallwomenwhodreamofgoingtospace.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordcandidateinthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A．成员 B．伙伴 C．候选人 D．飞行员9．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Wangisthefirstfemaleastronautintheworld.B．Wangdreamedofbeinganastronautin2003.C．ItwasashorttimebeforeWangmadeherdreamcometrue.D．Wangpressedtheredbuttonwhenshebecameblindafterthehigh-Gtraining.10．WhatadvantagesdoesafemaleastronauthaveaccordingtoWang?a.Morepatience.

b.Lessweight.c.Moreproblem-solvingskills.

d.Betterabilitytodealwithloneliness.A．ad B．ab C．bc D．bd11．WhatcanwelearnfromWang’sstory?A．Nevertoooldtolearn.B．Wellbegunishalfdone.C．Oldhabitsdiehard.D．Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.【答案】8．C9．B10．A11．D【解析】本文介绍了第一位进入天宫空间站的女宇航员——王亚平，她是如何通过自身努力实现自己的梦想的。8．词义猜测题。根据下文“Shepushedherselfhard,gettingthesametrainingasmen.”可知，她努力训练自己，接受和男人一样的训练。由此推断，王亚平成为2010年宇航员的有力候选人后，接受了和男人一样的训练。因此画线部分单词candidate是“候选人”的意思。故选C。9．推理判断题。根据“Wang’sspacedreamstartedin2003,whenChinasentitsfirstastronautYangLiweiintospace.”可知，王亚平的太空梦想始于2003年，选项B“2003年，王亚平梦想成为一名宇航员。”表述正确，故选B。10．细节理解题。根据“Womenmaybemorepatientandcanbetterdealwithloneliness.Women’sheartsarealsoeasiertoadapt(适应)totheweightlessenvironment,makingthemmoresuitableforlong-termmissions.”可知，作为宇航员，女性有自己的优势：女性可能更有耐心，能够更好地应对孤独。女性的心脏也更容易适应失重环境，使其更适合长期任务。故选A。11．推理判断题。根据“Shesetsagoodexampleforallwomenwhodreamofgoingtospace.”以及整个文章的理解可知，王亚平通过自身的刻苦努力，经过多年的训练，终于圆了她的太空梦。由此推断，她的故事告诉我们：世上无难事，只怕有心人。故选D。At00:23onOct16,2021,theShenzhouXIIIspacecraftroseintotheskyfromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinGansu.ThreeChineseastronauts—ZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfu—setofffortheTiangongspacestation.ItisthefourthspacecrafttovisittheTiangongstationandthesecondmannedshiptotransportastronautstotheorbitingoutpost（轨道位置）.Thecrewwillstayinspaceforsixmonths,carryingoutthelongest-everspacemissionbyChineseastronauts.TheShenzhouXIIIastronautshaveawiderangeofassignments,suchasdoingmedicalexperiments,settinguproboticarmsandcheckingthedevices（设备）insidethestation.Theyhaveperformedtwospacewalkstoworkoutsidethestation—onewasonNov7,withWangbecomingChina’sfirstfemaléspacewalker,whiletheotherwasonDec26.ThemissionisavaluableopportunityforChina’ssciencecommunitybecauseitallowstheastronautstocarryoutin-orbitexperimentsthattakealotoftimeandmanualwork.TheShenzhouXIIImissionhasfueled（点燃）teenagers’passionforspaceexplorationaswell.OnDec9,theastronautsgaveasciencelecturetomillionsofstudentsonEarth.Theyshowedthekidsaglimpse（一瞥）oftheirspacelifeanddidsomefunscienceexperiments.Forexample,WangmadeawaterballtoshowthatwaterinspaceisdifferentfromthatonEarth.Itwillnotflowdownwardifyoutrytopouritintoacup.DenisSimon,executivedirectoroftheCenterforInnovationPolicyatDukeUniversityintheUS,toldXinhuathatChina’ssuccessinspacecontinuestobeimpressive.“Chinaisnowwellonitswaytobeingaleaderinspaceexploration,”hesaid.12．WhatdoweknowaboutthemissionofShenzhouXIII?A．Ithasthemostastronautseversentintospace.B．Itisthefirstmissiontosendastronautstoanorbitingoutpost.C．ThespacecraftisthefirstonetovisittheTiangongspacestation.D．Itisthelongest-everspacemissionbyChineseastronauts.13．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Whospacewalkersare.B．ThetasksforShenzhouXIIIastronauts.C．Howthespacewalkswereperformed.D．Devicesastronautsusedtofinishtheirtasks.14．Whatdoweknowaboutwaterinspace?A．Itdoesnotflowdownward.B．ItscolorisdifferentfromwateronEarth.C．ItflowsquickerthanitdoesonEarth.D．Itwillbreakacupifpeopletrytopourit.15．WhatdoesDenisSimonmeaninthelastparagraph?A．Therewillbemoresuccessinspaceexplorationaroundtheworld.B．Cooperation（合作）betweenChinaandtheUSisgoingwell.C．Chinahasfollowedthelawsofspaceexploration.D．Chinahasdoneagreatjobinspaceexploration.【答案】12．D13．B14．A15．D【解析】本文主要介绍神舟十三号飞船的发射过程及宇航员的任务。12．细节理解题。根据“Thecrewwillstayinspaceforsixmonths,carryingoutthelongest-everspacemissionbyChineseastronauts.”可知，宇航员将在太空停留6个月，执行中国宇航员有史以来最长的太空任务。故选D。13．段落大意题。根据“TheShenzhouXIIIastronautshaveawiderangeofassignments”及第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍了神舟十三号宇航员的任务。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据“WangmadeawaterballtoshowthatwaterinspaceisdifferentfromthatonEarth.Itwillnotflowdownwardifyoutrytopouritintoacup.”可知，在太空中的水不会往下流，故选A。15．推理判断题。根据“China’ssuccessinspacecontinuestobeimpressive.‘Chinaisnowwellonitswaytobeingaleaderinspaceexploration,’hesaid.”可知，他认为中国在太空方面的成功令人印象深刻，中国正在成为太空探索的领导者，即：他认为中国在太空探索方面做得很好。故选D。ThreeChineseastronauts—ZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfu—whoarenowonboardTianhe,thecoremodule（核心舱）ofTiangongspacestation,willworkandlivethereforaboutsixmonths.ThishasbeenthelongestmissionsofarforChineseastronauts.WangYapingisamemberofChina’sShenzhou-13mission.SheisalsothefirstwomantoenterChina’sspacestation.Whydoesshechoosethisjob?Here’sherstory.BorninasmallvillageinYantai,ShandongProvincein1980,Wanghasbeenarunnersinceprimaryschool.Herspacedreamstartedin2003whenChinasentitsfirsttaikonautYangLiweiintospace.In2010,Wangbecameataikonautandastrongcandidate（候选人）forChina’sfirstflightbywoman.However,shedidn’tpassthefinaltest.Wangdidn’tloseheartandworkedevenharder.In2013,Wang’sspacedreamcametrue.ShebecameamemberoftheShenzhou-10mission.Duringher15-daymission,WanggaveChina’sfirstlecture（讲课）fromspace.Itissaidthatshewillgiveasecondlectureinthespacestationandencourageyoungpeopletogofortheirspacedreams.Duringthenextfewmonths,Wangandherteammates,ZhaiZhigangandYeGuangfu,willcarryoutscientificexperimentsandspacewalks.Wangbelievesthattheywillfinishthemissionsuccessfully.16．ThethreeChineseastronautswillstayonTianheforabout________.A．amonth B．halfamonth C．ayear D．halfayear17．WangYapingisthefirst________toenterChina’sspacestation.A．man B．woman C．astronaut D．taikonaut18．WangYapingwantedtobeataikonautwhenshewas________.A．20 B．23 C．30 D．3319．In2013,WangYapinggaveChina’sfirstlecture________duringhermission.A．onTV B．fromtheearth C．fromthemoon D．fromspace20．Theastronautscan________onTiangongspacestation.A．sleepeverywhere B．achievescienceexperimentsC．drinkwaterinaglass D．walkeasilylikeontheearth【答案】16．D17．B18．B19．D20．B【解析】本文主要介绍了神舟十三号的三位宇航员将在太空待6个月，并介绍了王亚平的基本情况。16．细节理解题。根据“willworkandlivethereforaboutsixmonths”可知他们要在太空待6个月，即半年。故选D。17．细节理解题。根据“SheisalsothefirstwomantoenterChina’sspacestation”可知王亚平是第一位进入中国空间站的女性。故选B。18．细节理解题。根据“BorninasmallvillageinYantai,ShandongProvincein1980,Wanghasbeenarunnersinceprimaryschool.Herspacedreamstartedin2003”可知王亚平出生于1980年，2003年时她梦想成为宇航员，当时她23岁。故选B。19．细节理解题。根据“Duringher15-daymission,WanggaveChina’sfirstlecture（讲课）fromspace”可知在2013年，她在太空进行了中国的第一次演讲。故选D。20．细节理解题。根据“Duringthenextfewmonths,Wangandherteammates,ZhaiZhigangandYeGuangfu,willcarryoutscientificexperiments”可知他们会进行科学实验。故选B。Everynowandthenyoumayseenewsofsatellites(卫星)sentintospace.OnFeb21,forexample,UScompanySpaceXtook46satellitesintoorbit(轨道).OnFeb27,Chinasent22satellitesintospace.Whydoweneedsomanysatellites?Whatdotheydooutthere?Atpresent,therearemorethan3,000activesatellitesmovingaroundtheEarth.Satellitesdoallkindsofwork.TheyareusedtosendTVsignals,giveyoudirectionsontheroadandhelpscientistsdoresearch.Forexample,the22satellitesChinajustsentuparepartoftheBeidouNavigation(导航)SatelliteSystem.SharedbikesthatuseBeiDouchips(芯片)canbefoundmoreeasily.Beforesatellites,TVsignalsdidn’tgoveryfar.Mountainsortallbuildingswouldblock(阻碍)them.Phonecallstofarawayplaceswerealsoabigproblem.Withsatellites,TVsignalsandphonecallscanbesentdirectlytoasatelliteandbackdowntodifferentplacesonEarth.SpaceX’sStarlinkprojectistryingtogofurther.ItplanstousesatellitestoprovideInternetinthefuture.Satellitescanalsoprovideinformationaboutclouds,oceans,landandice.Theyhelpscientistspredictchangesinweatherandclimate.Bycloselywatchingwildfiresandvolcanoes,satelliteshelppeopledealwithnaturaldisasters.Farmerscanusesatelliteimagestodecidethebesttimetowatertheirfields.Somesatellitesflynearotherplanets.TheymaylookforwateronMarsortakeclose-uppicturesofotherplanets.In2020,videowebsiteBilibilisentasatelliteintospace.ItsjobistolookatotherplanetsandsharethepicturesandvideoswithBilibili’susers.Likeanyothermachines,satellitesdonotlastforever.Whentheydie,theyeitherburnuporbecomespacejunk.Somedaywemayneedtosend“garbagetrucks”tocleanthemup.21．What’sthefunction(作用)ofParagraph1?A．Tointroducethetopicofsatellites.B．Todescribewhatsatellitesarelike.C．Toexplaintheimportanceofsatellites.D．Tocomparethetwocountries’satellites.22．Whatcansatellitesdoatpresentaccordingtothetext?a.Preventnaturaldisasters.b.Sendtelephonesignals.c.Helpscientistsdoresearch.d.Takepicturesofotherplanets.A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bcd23．Howdoesthewriterorganizethispassage?A．Bytellingstories. B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bylistingreasons. D．Byaskingquestions.24．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．SatellitesGuidingtheWay B．SpaceX’sStarlinkC．ChineseSpaceDevelopment D．Sky-highTechnology【答案】21．A22．D23．B24．A【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了卫星在我们生活中的作用。21．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Whydoweneedsomanysatellites?Whatdotheydooutthere?”可知，作者想在第一段中表达人类向太空发射了许多卫星，是为了引出话题，故选A。22．细节理解题。根据“Satellitesdoallkindsofwork.TheyareusedtosendTVsignals,giveyoudirectionsontheroadandhelpscientistsdoresearch.”，“Satellitescanalsoprovideinformationaboutclouds,oceans,landandice.Theyhelpscientistspredictchangesinweatherandclimate.Bycloselywatchingwildfiresandvolcanoes,satelliteshelppeopledealwithnaturaldisasters.”和“Somesatellitesflynearotherplanets.TheymaylookforwateronMarsortakeclose-uppicturesofotherplanets.”可知，卫星目前能传送电话信号，给你指路，帮助科学家进行研究，提供有关环境的信息，帮助科学家预测天气和气候的变化，帮助人们应对自然灾害以及拍摄其他行星的特写照片。故选D。23．推理判断题。分析文章内容可知，结合“Forexample”可知，作者通过举例来说明卫星在我们生活中的作用，故选B。24．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了卫星在我们生活中的作用，故选A。StudentsattendedaliveclassgivenbytheShenzhou-XIIImembers,ZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfu,attheChinaScienceandTechnologyMuseuminBeijing,Dec.9th,2021.Itwasaspecialcourse.Itcamefrom400kmaboveEarthinChina’sspacestation.Wangfirsttalkedabouttheirlifeandworkinthespacestation.Wangsaidthewatertheydrinkisrecycled.Thereisnodifferenceintastebetweeneveryrecycledwater.Zhaiintroducedthespecialclothestheywerewearinginthespacestation.AccordingtoZhai,ithasmanyelasticbands（松紧带）insidetohelptheirbodieshealthy.WangaskedboththestudentsonthegroundandYetodotheturn-aroundmovement（运动）.ThestudentsweresurprisedtoseethatYecouldnotdoit.Hefinallymadeitwithspecific（特定的）motions,likemovingasinglearminacircle.Attheendoftheclass,thethreeastronautstriedtoanswerthestudents’questions.Like“Dostarsstillshineinspace?”,“Dotheyhavedreamswhilesleepinginspace?”Thenthethreeastronautsendeduptheclasswiththeirbestwishes.Theclassencouragedmanystudentstostudyhardinordertogetintospaceoneday.25．Whatmadethecourseunusual?A．Itstime. B．Itsplace. C．Itsidea. D．Itstopic.26．Theunderlinedword“motions”inparagraph4probablymeans“________”.A．反应 B．表情 C．动作 D．风格27．Whatcanweinfer（推断）fromthepassage?A．Thestudentsaregoodatthinking. B．Theastronautsliketobeteachers.C．Thestudentsknownothingaboutspace. D．Thestudentsarebusywiththeirstudies.28．Whatisthecorrectstructure（结构）ofthispassage?A． B． C． D．29．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．threeastronautsinChina’sspacestation B．studentsstudyhardtogetintospaceC．studentsaskquestionsaboutspace D．specialcoursefromChina’sspacestation【答案】25．B26．C27．A28．A29．D【解析】本文主要介绍了来自中国空间站的特别课程。25．细节理解题。根据“Itcamefrom400kmaboveEarthinChina’sspacestation.”可知授课的位置让这门课与众不同，故选B。26．词义猜测题。根据“WangaskedboththestudentsonthegroundandYetodotheturn-aroundmovement（运动）...Hefinallymadeitwithspecific（特定的）motions,likemovingasinglearminacircle.”可知一只手臂绕着一个圈移动，这是一种运动，故选C。27．推理判断题。根据“Attheendoftheclass,thethreeastronautstriedtoanswerthestudents’questions.Like‘Dostarsstillshineinspace?’,‘Dotheyhavedreamswhilesleepinginspace?’”可推断出学生们善于思考，故选A。28．篇章结构题。通读全文可知第一段首先介绍了在距离地球400公里的中国空间站授课；第二、三、四、五段介绍了宇航员在空间站的工作和生活以及课程；最后一段介绍了三名宇航员带着最美好的祝愿结束了课堂，所以A选项符合，故选A。29．主旨大意题。根据“Itwasaspecialcourse.Itcamefrom400kmaboveEarthinChina’sspacestation.”以及通读全文可知本文主要介绍了来自中国空间站的特别课程。故选D。AstronautScotKellyhasbeenlivingontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)sinceMarch28,2015.Andjustlikeanyotherhome,theISSrequiressomehousekeeping,intheformofregularworkandrepairs.ThatiswhyKellyandhispartnerKjellLindgrenperformedactivities,outsidethestationonWednesday.Theoperationbeganat8:03amandlastedformorethansevenhours.Itwasthefirstspacewalkforbothmen.TheISShasbeenincontinualusefor15years,andhashostedover200people.includingastronautsandprivatetourists.Duringtheiractivities,KellyandLindgrendidbasicelectricalwork,suchasattachingnewwiresthatwillprovidepowertodockingports（接轨舱门）onthestation.TheportswillbeusedwhenotherpeoplearriveattheISSin2017.Also,thetwoastronautsfixedathermal(热的)coveronakeyscientificinstrumentonthestationtoprotectitfromthefreezingtemperaturesofspace.Asthemoreseniorastronaut,Kellyledthespacewalk.However,LindgrendealtwithsomeofthemorechallengingpartsofthejobashehaslongerarmsthanKelly.Duringaspacewalk,thesimplestworkbecomesadifficulttask.KellyandLindgrenspentmonthstrainingandpracticingfortheoperation.ThepreparationbeganinNASA’SNeutralBuoyancyLab(NBL).HereastronautsaremadetoworkinanenvironmentsimilartotheoneoutsidethespacestationEvengettingthespacesuitsreadycantakedays.Whileeachsuitisbuilttofitperfectlyontheastronautwhowillwearit,adjustments(调整)needtobemaderightuptothetimewhenthespacewalkbegins.Theadjustmentsaddressanychangesintheastronauts’bodiesthathaveoccurredasaresultofbeinginagravity-freeenvironment.30．Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A．HowtheISSisworkingproperly. B．WhythedockingportsareusefulC．Whatthetwoastronautsdidinthespacewalk D．Howtheastronautsperformedthespacewalk.31．WhydidKjellLindgrendomorechallengingworkthanKellyduringthespacewalk?A．Hehadphysicaladvantages. B．Hewastheleaderofthegroup.C．HeknewmoreaboutthestationthanKelly D．Hehadmuchexperienceofspacewalking.32．Theunderlinedword“address”inthelastparagraphmeans________.A．focuson B．record C．dealwith D．direct【答案】30．C31．A32．C【解析】文章主要介绍了两名美国宇航员走出国际空间站，展开空间站日常维护的工作。30．段落大意题。根据“Duringtheiractivities,KellyandLindgrendidbasicelectricalwork.”在他们的活动中，凯利和林格伦做了基本的电气工作。及“thetwoastronautsfixedathermalcoveronakeyscientificinstrumentonthestationtoprotectitfromthefreezingtemperaturesofspace.”两名宇航员在空间站的一个关键科学仪器上安装了一个隔热罩，以保护它不受太空严寒的影响。可推断此段旨在介绍两名美国宇航员太空漫步所要完成的任务，故选C。31．细节理解题。根据“However,LindgrendealtwithsomeofthemorechallengingpartsofthejobashehaslongerarmsthanKelly.”可知，林格伦处理了一些更具挑战性的工作，因为他的手臂比凯利长。可推断林格伦因其身体上的优势肩负着更具挑战性的工作。故选A。32．词义猜测题。根据“adjustmentsneedtobemaderightuptothetimewhenthespacewalkbegins.”可推知address在此表示航天服可调整以适应在太空中宇航员的身体发生的任何变化，故address在此意为“解决，处理”。故选C。Whatdoes2021haveinstoreforus?Thesebigeventsmightbefuntocheckoutforyourself.Let’stakealookatsomeofthem.YangzhouHorticulturalExpo（博览会）

ThecityofYangzhouisfamousforitsancientgardens.NowthecityisgoingtoshowgardeningandhorticulturefromaroundtheworldbyholdingtheInternationalHorticulturalExposition.TheexpowilllastfromApril8toOct8,ChinaNewsreported.Therewillbe74exhibitionparksopenduringtheevent.Tianwen1probe

Chinalaunched（发射）Tianwen1,thecountry’sfirstindependent（独立的）Marsmission（任务）,onJuly23,2020.ThisstoodforthebeginningofChina’sMarsexplorationprogram.Ifeverythinggoeswellaccordingtoschedule,theprobewillreachtheRedPlanetinthespringof2021.ItplanstolandaroveraroundMayonMars.Theroverisabletomoveataspeedof200metersperhourandwillexploretheplanetforthreemonths.Itwilltakepictures,studythesoilandweather,andlookforwater.TheTokyoOlympics

Thepastyearhasbeendifficultforthesportingworld.TheTokyoOlympicshavebeenputoffforoneyear.TheywillbeheldfromJuly23toAug8,accordingtotheInternationalOlympicsCommittee.Athletes（运动员）willcompeteformedalsin339eventsacross33differentsports.TheOlympicswillhavefivesportsforthefirsttime:baseball,karate.skateboard,sportsclimbingandsurfing.Chineseathleteswilltakepartin155eventsacross20sports.33．TheYangzhouHorticulturalExpowilllast________.A．ayear B．halfayear C．fivemonths D．halfamonth34．ThepurposeoflaunchingTianwen1byChinais________.A．tostarttoexploretheMarsindependentlyB．tobegintoexploretheuniverseC．tohaveatestoftheroverD．totakepicturesofMars35．TheTokyoOlympicshavebeen________foroneyearaccordingtothispassage.A．built B．held C．celebrated D．stopped36．Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnallthefollowingsEXCEPT________.A．TherearemanybeautifulancientgardensinYangzhou.B．Tianwen1willgettotheMarsattheendof2021.C．Theroverwilltakepictures,studythesoilandweather,andlookforwater.D．Chineseathleteswilltakepartin155eventsacross20sports.37．Thispassageismostprobablyfrom________.A．asciencenovel B．atourguidebook C．anewspaper D．astorybook【答案】33．B34．A35．D36．B37．C【解析】本文主要介绍了2021年发生的三件大事，分别是扬州博览会；天问1号的发射；冬奥会。33．细节理解题。根据“TheexpowilllastfromApril8toOct8,ChinaNewsreported”可知，世博会将从4月8日持续到10月8日，持续六个月，故选B。34．细节理解题。根据“Chinalaunched（发射）Tianwen1,thecountry’sfirstindependent（独立的）Marsmission（任务）,onJuly23,2020”可知，目的是独自探索火星，故选A。35．细节理解题。根据“TheTokyoOlympicshavebeenputoffforoneyear.”可知，冬奥会被推迟了一年，故选D。36．细节理解题。根据“Ifeverythinggoeswellaccordingtoschedule,theprobewillreachtheRedPlanetinthespringof2021”可知，探测器将于2021年春天到达火星，而不是2021年底，故选B。37．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了2021年发生的三件大事，最有可能来自报纸，故选C。Althoughvisitingouterspaceisstillafardreamforanyonewhoisn’tanastronaut,adaytriptostarsisalreadyopenforpeopletoorder!Anewcompany,SpacePerspective,isplanningtestswithpassengers.Ithasbigplanstorunupto500flightsfromdifferentplacesacrosstheUSAby2024.Ifsuccessful,reachingtheoutersideofspacecouldbeaseasyasflyingabroadinafewyears’time.SpacemenandpassengerswilltravelinNeptune,acapsule(航天舱)tiedtoahugeballoon.Theywillmoveslowlyupwardsrig